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Metal oxide nanostructures with single-atomic heteroatom incorporation are of interest for many applications. However, a universal and scalable synthesis approach with high heteroatom concentrations represents a formidable challenge, primarily due to the pronounced structural disparities between Mhetero-O and Msub-O units. Here, focusing on TiO2 as the exemplified substrate, we present a diethylene glycol-assisted synthetic platform tailored for the controlled preparation of a library of M1-TiO2 nanostructures, encompassing 15 distinct unary M1-TiO2 nanostructures, along with two types of binary and ternary composites. Our approach capitalizes on the unique properties of diethylene glycol, affording precise kinetic control by passivating the hydrolytic activity of heteroatom and simultaneously achieving thermodynamic control by introducing short-range order structures to dissipate the free energy associated with heteroatom incorporation. The M1-TiO2 nanostructures, characterized by distinctive and abundant M-O-Ti units on the surface, exhibit high efficiency in photochromic photothermal catalysis toward recycling waste polyesters. This universal synthetic platform contributes to the preparation of materials with broad applicability and significance across catalysis, energy conversion, and biomedicine.

Background Overweight, obesity, and central obesity have become significant public health issues globally, affecting the well-being of residents. Analyzing the prevalence trends of overweight, obesity, and central obesity among residents in Shanxi Province can provide valuable scientific insights for the prevention and control of related diseases. Objective To analyze the prevalence and trends of overweight, obesity, and central obesity among adults aged 20 and above in Shanxi Province between 2010 and 2018. Methods The survey data of adults aged 20 and above in Shanxi Province were collected during four rounds of the China Chronic Disease Surveillance project from August 2010 to November 2018 (in 2010, 2013, 2015, and 2018) to calculate the rates of overweight, obesity, and central obesity among adults aged 20 and above in different years, and analyze the prevalence trends of overweight, obesity and central obesity for different characteristics of the study subjects. Results From 2010 to 2018, the overall crude rates and age- and gender-standardized rates of overweight among adults aged 20 and above in Shanxi Province ranged from 37.7% to 40.1% and 36.1% to 39.6%, respectively, with no significant upward trend (Z=0.005, 2.413; P=0.942, 0.120). The overall standardized obesity rate, overall crude rate of central obesity and the standardized rate central of obesity increased from 17.2%, 53.8%, and 52.4% in 2010 to 20.0%, 61.6%, and 60.2% in 2018, respectively (Z=8.100, 10.994, 12.218; P0.05) ; the standardized overweight rate for males was higher than that for females (χ2=4.259, P0.05) ; the overall obesity rate, male obesity rate, and both male and female central obesity rates in the age group of 20-39 years old showed an upward trend during the 8-year period (P0.05). There was also no significant difference in the trends of these rates between different genders and regions (P>0.05) . Conclusion From 2010 to 2018, the overweight rate among residents aged 20 and above in Shanxi Province remained stable, while the overall trends for obesity and central obesity rates showed an increasing trend. The prevention and control of obesity and central obesity should focus on the population aged 20-39 years to slow down the growth rate. For residents aged 40 and above, as well as urban residents, targeted prevention strategies should be implemented, so as to control the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and central obesity.

Metal silicates (Zn, Mn, Ni and Co) were synthesized from natural green algae (GAs) as supercapacitor electrodes. In this study, a multi-step treatment with two kinds of porogens was used to produce a larger specific surface area and more abundant hierarchical pores. Firstly, GAs were treated with 1.0 M NaCl solution to prepare large pores. Secondly, metal silicates were synthesized from GAs using a hydrothermal reaction. Lastly, the as-synthesized samples were soaked in 3.0 M NaOH solution to obtain the products (m-C-MSi, M = Zn, Mn, Ni and Co). Compared with the composites without multi-step treatment, the synthetic materials in this research possess excellent electrochemical properties both as electrodes and as HSCs. This work proved that the multi-step treatment with porogens is an effective method to enhance the electrochemical performance of metal-silicate supercapacitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adsorbate‐mediated strong metal‐support interaction (A‐SMSI) offers a reversible means of altering the selectivity of supported metal catalysts, thereby providing a powerful tool for facile modulation of catalytic performance. However, the fundamental understanding of A‐SMSI remains inadequate and methods for tuning A‐SMSI are still in their nascent stages, impeding its stabilization under reaction conditions. Here, we report that the initial concentration of oxygen vacancy in oxide supports plays a key role in tuning the A‐SMSI between Ru nanoparticles and defected titania (TiO2‐x). Based on this new understanding, we demonstrate the in situ formation of A‐SMSI under reaction conditions, obviating the typically required CO2‐rich pretreatment. The as‐formed A‐SMSI layer exhibits remarkable stability at various temperatures, enabling excellent activity, selectivity and long‐term stability in catalyzing the reverse water gas‐shift reaction. This study deepens the understanding of the A‐SMSI and the ability to stabilize A‐SMSI under reaction conditions represents a key step for practical catalytic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adsorbate‐mediated strong metal‐support interaction (A‐SMSI) offers a reversible means of altering the selectivity of supported metal catalysts, thereby providing a powerful tool for facile modulation of catalytic performance. However, the fundamental understanding of A‐SMSI remains inadequate and methods for tuning A‐SMSI are still in their nascent stages, impeding its stabilization under reaction conditions. Here, we report that the initial concentration of oxygen vacancy in oxide supports plays a key role in tuning the A‐SMSI between Ru nanoparticles and defected titania (TiO2‐x). Based on this new understanding, we demonstrate the in situ formation of A‐SMSI under reaction conditions, obviating the typically required CO2‐rich pretreatment. The as‐formed A‐SMSI layer exhibits remarkable stability at various temperatures, enabling excellent activity, selectivity and long‐term stability in catalyzing the reverse water gas‐shift reaction. This study deepens the understanding of the A‐SMSI and the ability to stabilize A‐SMSI under reaction conditions represents a key step for practical catalytic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aqueous zinc ion batteries have attracted much attention due to their advantages of higher energy density, low cost and environmental friendliness. Among the commonly used cathode materials for zinc ion batteries, vanadium-based composites have a promising research prospect due to their multiple valence states (V5+, V1+, V3+, V2+) and different structural features, which provide high specific capacity when playing the role of cathode materials for zinc ion batteries. However, vanadium-based composites are limited in the application of zinc-ion batteries due to poor cycling stability and low electrical conductivity. To address this issue, nanoparticles with a larger specific surface area than commercial vanadium pentoxide (V2O3) were prepared in this study using a simple hydrothermal method. Such V2O5 nanoparticles as cathode materials for zinc ion batteries provide an excellent specific capacity of 364 mAh/g at lower current densities and exhibits a high reversible specific capacity of 156 mAh/g at high current densities. After 200 cycles, its capacity can still maintain 85% of the initial capacity, not only provide better cycling stability than commercial V2O5, but also possess higher specific capacity. Based on its simple preparation method and good electrochemical stability, the nanoparticles demonstrate potential applications in negative electrode materials for zinc ion batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]