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Personalized news recommendation is an important technology to help users obtain the news information they are interested in and alleviate information overload. In recent years, with the development of information technology and society, personalized news recommendation has been increasingly widely studied, and has achieved remarkable success in improving the news reading experience of users. This paper aims to systematically summarize personalized news recommendation methods based on deep learning. Firstly, it introduces personalized news recommendation methods and analyzes their characteristics and influencing factors. Then, the overall framework of personalized news recommendation is given, and the personalized news recommendation methods based on deep learning are analyzed and summarized. On this basis, it focuses on personalized news recommendation methods based on graph structure learning, including user-news interaction graph, knowledge graph and social relationship graph. Finally, it analyzes the challenges of the current personalized news recommendation, discusses how to solve the problems of data sparsity, model interpretability, diversity of recommendation results and news privacy protection in personalized news recommendation system, and puts forward more specific and operable research ideas in the future research direction.

The identification of drug–target interaction (DTI) is crucial for drug discovery. However, how to reduce the graph neural network's false positives due to its bias and negative transfer in the original bipartite graph remains to be clarified. Considering that the impact of heterogeneous auxiliary information on DTI varies depending on the drug and target, we established an adaptive enhanced personalized meta-knowledge transfer network named Meta Graph Association-Aware Contrastive Learning (MGACL), which can transfer personalized heterogeneous auxiliary information from different nodes and reduce data bias. Meanwhile, we propose a novel DTI association-aware contrastive learning strategy that aligns high-frequency drug representations with learned auxiliary graph representations to prevent negative transfer. Our study improves the DTI prediction performance by about 3%, evaluated by analyzing the area under the curve (AUC) and area under the precision–recall curve (AUPRC) compared with existing methods, which is more conducive to accurately identifying drug targets for the development of new drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Snake bites are characterized by acute onset, rapid changes in condition, and high disability and mortality rates. The effects of snake venom on the human body are divided into systemic and local toxic effects. The popularity of antivenom has greatly reduced the mortality of snake bites, but local tissue damage and permanent dysfunction are still problems to be solved urgently. Studies have found that snake venom metalloproteinases, hyaluronidases, phospholi-pases and other venoms participate in a variety of local pathological effects by interfering with the degradation and remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM). This article reviews the mechanism of ECM in the development of local tissue damage caused by snake bites, in order to find effective therapeutic targets and provide reference and ideas for the clinical research and prevention of local tissue damage caused by snake bites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, Bi2O3-OV with different concentrations of oxygen vacancies was prepared by reduction method, Ag NPs were loaded onto pure Bi2O3 and Bi2O3-OV by photodeposition. The effect of different electronic structures of the carrier on the performance and reaction mechanism of the Ag-loaded catalysts was also emphasized. The results showed that the sterilization rate of pure Bi2O3 was only 49.56% after half an hour of light exposure, the sterilization rate of Ag/Bi2O3 composite catalyst without vacancies was as high as 76.17%, and the sterilization efficiency of Ag/Bi2O3 composite catalyst with oxygen vacancies was up to 98.21%. The presence of vacancies caused the Ag/Bi2O3 composite catalyst to produce 15.13 μM H2O2, which was nearly twice as much as that of Bi2O3/0.5Ag, and was the main active species for sterilization, while the main active species for sterilization of the Ag/Bi2O3 composite catalyst without vacancies was the hydroxyl radicals generated from the valence band. This work not only enriches the study of the mechanism of inactivation of marine microorganisms by silver-loaded photocatalysts, but also provides a theoretical basis for the advancement of marine pollution treatment technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, Ag/CuBi2O4 composite photocatalyst films with excellent photocatalytic sterilization properties were prepared by photodeposition. The photocatalytic activity of silver-modified CuBi2O4 (Ag/CuBi2O4) under the photocatalytic-Fenton coupling system was verified by its inactivation rate of Escherichia coli in seawater. The results showed that the photocatalytic sterilizing performance of CuBi2O4 loaded with Ag in the presence of trace amounts of H2O2 was significantly improved. 15Ag/CuBi2O4 possessed the optimal photocatalytic activity, and its sterilizing rate in 30 min could reach 96.6%. Its sterilization rate in 30 min could reach 96.6%, which is about 70% higher than that of pure CuBi2O4. Meanwhile, the mechanism of the enhanced sterilization performance of Ag/CuBi2O4 in the photocatalytic-Fenton coupled system was investigated. Firstly, according to the electrochemical results, the loading of Ag can significantly improve the charge separation efficiency of CuBi2O4. And promotes the conversion of H2O2 to hydroxyl radicals(·OH); Secondly, the valence band potential of 15Ag/CuBi2O4 is more positive than that of CuBi2O4, which suggests that Ag loading can enhance the oxidation of CuBi2O4 cavities. Comprehensive radical trapping experiments demonstrate that ·OH and holes (h+) are the main active species for inactivating Escherichia coli (E. coli). In this work, effective conversion of H2O2 to ·OH in a wide spectral range was achieved by loading Ag nanoparticles on the surface of CuBi2O4, which provides a new idea for the development of photocatalytic-Fenton coupling technology and ballast water treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, ZnWO4 photocatalysts were prepared by hydrothermal method, after which IrO2 was loaded on ZnWO4 by photodeposition to synthesize IrO2/ZnWO4 composite photocatalysts. The prepared photocatalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The photocatalytic activity was investigated by inactivating bacteria in natural seawater. The effect of varying the deposition amount of IrO2 on the photocatalytic activity was investigated. The mechanism of IrO2 modification to enhance the sterilization of ZnWO4 was as follows: first, IrO2 modification significantly enhanced the effective chlorine yield of the samples. Second, IrO2 modification also promoted the charge separation efficiency of the samples. The present work confirms that photocatalytic production of effective chlorine is an important active species for sterilization in seawater systems, which provides a new idea for photocatalytic purification technology in seawater medium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect of Kamistad gel on oral ulcer healing and the expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF⁃α), interleukin 6 (IL⁃6) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) after oral administration in ulcer tis⁃ sue of rats and to provide animal experimental data for the clinical application of Kamistad gel. Methods The oral ul⁃ cer rat model was established by chemical cauterization. The rats were randomly divided into four groups: Kamistad group (Kamistad gel), befuxin group (befuxin gel), lidocaine group (lidocaine cream), blank control group (normal sa⁃ line), with 12 rats in each group. The ulcer area of the rats in each group was measured before and 1, 3 and 5 days after treatment; at 1 day after treatment, the duration of swabbing behavior within 3 minutes of intraoral capsaicin infusion was recorded to evaluate the degree of pain; the ulcer tissue was collected at 5 days after treatment, and the histopatho⁃ logical changes were observed by HE staining, the expression of TNF⁃α, IL⁃6 and EGF in the ulcer tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. Results At 1 day after treatment, the duration of mouth wiping induced by cap⁃ saicin was significantly shorter in the Kamistad group than in the blank control and befuxin groups (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the Kamistad and lidocaine groups (P >0.05). At 5 days after treatment, the ulcer area was significantly smaller in the Kamistad group than in the blank control and lidocaine groups (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the Kamistad and befuxin groups (P >0.05). At 5 days after treatment, H&E staining of the oral ulcer tissue sections showed significantly reduced levels of inflammatory cells and significantly pro⁃ liferated fibroblasts and better epithelial hyperplasia in the Kamistad group compared with those in the lidocaine and blank control groups, and there were no differences between the Kamistad and befuxin groups. At 5 days after treat⁃ ment, the expression levels of TNF⁃α, IL⁃6 and EGF in the ulcer tissue of rats in each group were significantly different (P < 0.05). Compared with the blank control and lidocaine groups, the expression of TNF⁃ α and IL⁃6 was significantly decreased and the expression of EGF was significantly increased in the Kamistad group (P < 0.05); there were no signifi⁃ cant differences in the expression of the above three factors between the Kamistad and befuxin groups (P > 0.05). Con⁃ clusion Kamistad gel exhibited anti⁃inflammatory, analgesic and healing effects on experimental oral ulcers.

The pathogenesis of burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is not clear. Most scholars believe that primary BMS is a chronic neurological disease. Advanced diagnostic methods such as quantitative sensory testing (QST), trigeminal neuron electrophysiological recording and peripheral nerve blockade, structural analysis of epidermal nerve fiber densi⁃ ty (ENFD), positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) classify neuropathic pain in most BMS patients as peripheral or central. Hormone replacement, dopaminergic drugs and noninvasive neuro⁃ modulation may be new approaches to BMS based on its pathogenesis. This article reviews the clinical features, patho⁃ physiological mechanism, new diagnostic methods and treatment of primary BMS and provides new ideas for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of BMS.

Objective To determine differences in pain, salivary components and taste between burning mouth syn⁃ drome (BMS) patients and the normal population and to study the effects of intramuscular injections of vitamin B1 (VitB1) and vitamin B12 (VitB12) on BMS. Methods Before treatment: We observed and compared differences in un⁃ stimulated salivary flow rate (USFR); stimulated salivary flow rate (SSFR); salivary amylase, cortisol, and secretory im⁃ munoglobulin A (SIgA) concentrations; and taste levels between BMS patients and normal controls. After treatment: The treatment group received an intramuscular injection of 100 mg VitB1 and 0.5 mg VitB12 in the buttocks once per day for 10 days. The above indexes were recorded before and after treatment and compared. A visual analog scale (VAS) score was used to assess the degree of pain relief in patients and as a clinical evaluation index. Results Before treat⁃ ment: SSFR, salivary amylase levels and bitter taste levels of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The concentration of SIgA was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05), and the USFR and the cortisol concentration were not significant different from the those of the control group (P > 0.05). After treatment: The total effective rate of VitB1 and VitB12 on BMS was up to 70%. USFR was increased signifi⁃ cantly after treatment (P < 0.05), and the concentration of SIgA decreased (P < 0.05). There were no significant differ⁃ ences in the SSFR or the cortisol and salivary amylase concentrations (P > 0.05). Taste levels improved by varying de⁃ grees. Conclusions The abnormal decreases in SSFR, salivary amylase levels, and taste sensitivity and the abnormal increase in SIgA levels seen in BMS patients may be sensitive salivary indicators for the diagnosis of BMS. A VitB1 and VitB12 intramuscular injection is an effective treatment for patients with BMS, who showed pain relief. Changes in SIgA levels may be used as an indicator during follow⁃up and for the prognosis of BMS patients.