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Background There is limited knowledge about the effect of leisure activities on cognitive decline related to different multimorbidity patterns. The study aimed to examine the role of leisure activities in the association between multimorbidity patterns and cognitive function. Methods We conducted a community-based cohort study based on the 2002–2018 Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Survey. Multimorbidity patterns were examined by exploratory factor analysis. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between multimorbidity, leisure activities, and cognitive function. Results The study included 14 093 older adults. Those with specific multimorbidity patterns had lower Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores. Compared with individuals with cardiometabolic and sensory patterns who frequently engaged in activities such as housework, garden work, and watching TV/listening to the radio, those who participated in these activities less regularly had lower MMSE scores. Furthermore, a higher frequency change of participation and a greater variety of leisure activities were associated with better cognitive function. Conclusions The older individuals with multimorbidity are associated with lower MMSE scores, while those who participated in more leisure activities had higher cognitive function. Diverse and frequent leisure activities may help delay cognitive decline in Chinese older adults with different multimorbidities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We described the changing patterns of depression and anxiety status in different trimesters among Chinese pregnant women, and identified the modified form of SDS/SAS for pregnant women and assessed its reliability and validity. Changing patterns of depression/ anxiety status in different trimesters were described. The modified form of SDS/SAS was identified for pregnant women. Cohen's Kappa to measure agreement with SDS/SAS, and the ROC analysis was performed to assess its validity. The SDS score in 1st trimester was higher than 2nd and 3rd trimester; there was no significant difference between SDS score in 2nd and 3rd trimester. Modified form of SDS evaluated the depression; the areas under the curve (AUC) in testing group were up to 0.988, 0.989 and 0.992 for 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester, respectively. Modified form of SAS evaluated the anxiety, the AUC in testing group were up to 0.987, 0.985, 0.987 for 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester, respectively. Pregnant women had higher severity of depression and anxiety status in 1st trimester than that in 2nd and 3rd trimester. The modified form of SDS/SAS may be more brief and suitable to assess the depression and anxiety status in pregnant women. Pregnant women had a higher severity of depression and anxiety status in the 1st trimester than that in the 2nd and 3rd trimester. The present study suggests that prenatal depression and anxiety status are prevalent in Chinese pregnant women. Prevention or treatments focus on high-score items of SDS and SAS would be beneficial for rectifying prenatal depression and anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: Older adults with multimorbidity are at high risk of cognitive impairment development. There is a lack of research on the associations between different multimorbidity measures and cognitive function among older Chinese adults living in the community., Methods: We used the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey from 2002 to 2018 and included data on dementia-free participants aged ≥65 years. Multimorbidity measures included condition counts, multimorbidity patterns, and trajectories. The association of multimorbidity measures with cognitive function was examined by generalized estimating equation and linear and logistic regression models., Results: Among 14,093 participants at baseline, 43.2% had multimorbidity. Multimorbidity patterns were grouped into cancer-inflammatory, cardiometabolic, and sensory patterns. Multimorbidity trajectories were classified as "onset-condition," "newly developing," and "severe condition." The Mini-Mental State Examination scores were significantly lower for participants with more chronic conditions, with cancer-inflammatory/cardiometabolic/sensory patterns, and with developing multimorbidity trajectories., Discussion: Condition counts, sensory pattern, cardiometabolic pattern, cancer-inflammatory pattern, and multimorbidity developmental trajectories were prospectively associated with cognitive function., Highlights: Elderly individuals with a higher number of chronic conditions were associated with lower MMSE scores in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey data. MMSE scores were significantly lower for participants with specific multimorbidity patterns. Individuals with developing trajectories of multimorbidity were associated with lower MMSE scores and a higher risk of mild cognitive impairment., (© 2024 The Author(s). Alzheimer's & Dementia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association.)

Postpartum depression (PPD) is one of the most frequent maternal morbidities after delivery with serious implications. Currently, there is a lack of effective screening strategies and high-quality clinical trials. The ability to leverage a large amount of detailed patient data from electronic health records (EHRs) to predict PPD could enable the implementation of effective clinical decision support interventions. To develop a PPD prediction model, using EHRs from Weill Cornell Medicine and NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital between 2015-17, 9,980 episodes of pregnancy were identified. Six machine learning algorithms, including L2-regularized Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, Naïve Bayes, XGBoost, and Random forest were constructed. Our model's best prediction performance achieved an AUC of 0.79. Race, obesity, anxiety, depression, different types of pain, antidepressants, and anti-inflammatory drugs during pregnancy were among the significant predictors. Our results suggest a potential for applying machine learning to EHR data to predict PPD and inform healthcare delivery.