Search

Gastric cancer is one of the common malignant tumors of digestive tract. Radiotherapy is one of the important comprehensive treatment modalities for patients with gastric cancer. In recent years, there have been breakthroughs in perioperative treatment for locally advanced gastric cancer by radiotherapy and other treatments. The positive impact of such therapies on survival in patients with gastric cancer has become clearer over time. In recent years, new achievements have been made in the fields of neoadjuvant radiotherapy, adjuvant radiotherapy, advanced tumor radiotherapy and combined immunoradiotherapy for gastric cancer. This article analyzed the relevant research progress at home and abroad, and systematically expounded the current status and progress of radiotherapy in the treatment of gastric cancer.

In order to better analyze and predict energy-related carbon emissions in East China to address climate change, this paper enhances the predictive capabilities of grey models in spatial joint prediction by creating the reverse-accumulation spatial discrete grey model RSDGM (1,1,m) and accumulation spatial discrete grey breakpoint model RSDGBM (1,1,m,t), which took the impact of system shocks into consideration. The efficiency of the models is confirmed by calculating the energy-related carbon emissions in East China from 2010 to 2022. Future emissions are predicted, and the spatial spillover effect of emissions in East China is discussed. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The RSDGM (1,1,m) theoretically avoids errors in background values and parameter calculations, reducing computational complexity. Empirically, the model exhibits high performance and reflects the priority of new information in spatial joint analysis. (2) The RSDGBM (1,1,m,t) captures the impact of shocks on system development, improving the reliability of carbon emissions prediction. (3) Jiangsu and Shandong are positively affected by spatial factors in terms of carbon emissions, while Shanghai and Zhejiang are negatively affected. (4) It is estimated that carbon emissions in East China will increase by approximately 23.8% in 2030 compared to the level in 2022, with the levels in Zhejiang and Fujian expected to increase by 45.2% and 39.7%, respectively; additionally, the level in Shanghai is projected to decrease. Overall, East China still faces significant pressure to reduce emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) have a great value in clinical practice of gastrointestinal lymphoma (GIL). Auxiliary methods such as flow cytometry (FCM) and gene rearrangement provide additional information for the diagnosis. Current study aims to explore the diagnostic value of EUS-FNA combined with FCM and gene rearrangement for GIL in our single institution. Suspected GIL cases, which were referred to EUS, FNA, FCM, or gene rearrangement examination, were retrospectively reviewed from January 2011 to May 2014. Definitive final diagnosis was included based on the pathological and immunostaining evidence. The gene scan analysis was applied for fragment detection in gene rearrangement. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were considered and calculated. Fifty-three EUS cases were identified, including 38 GIL, 10 inflammations, 4 linitis plastica, and one multiple myeloma. EUS-FNA was successfully conducted in 39 out of 53 cases. After combined with FCM, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were increased from 60.7% to 76.9%, 90.9% to 100%, and from 69.2% to 81.8% respectively. Among 33 cases for FCM, 11 of them gained positive B or T non-Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosis, and 28 out of 53 specimens were delivered for gene rearrangement. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of gene rearrangement were 68.2%, 100%, and 75% respectively. EUS-FNA is a possible technique for the diagnosis of GIL, With additional FCM examination may further improve the diagnostic efficiency and facilitate subclassification. Moreover, gene rearrangement assay by gene scan is also a considerable method in the specimens from GIL. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Oridonin is an effective component isolated from Rabdosia rubescens. It can inhibit the activation of transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B and suppress the over expression of cytokines. We postulated that oridonin may be a potential therapeutic candidate for Crohn's disease. Methods To confirm the postulation, we investigated clinical and immunologic modulations of oridonin in a mouse model of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis. Results It was found that oridonin attenuated trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis as represented by a reduction in colonic interferon-γ/inteleukin-17 secretion and a decrement in splenic Th1/ Th17 cells and effector memory CD4+ T cells. Oridonin treatment inhibited the proliferation of CD4+ T cells and upregulated the apoptosis of lymphocytes by inhibiting nuclear translocation of transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B. Conclusions Oridonin is a potential modulator for trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis and other Th1/ Th17 mediated inflammatory diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) leads to myocardial dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities in patients treated with thoracic irradiation which restricts the long-term survival benefits of radiotherapy. There is no specific or effective manner of intervention currently available. Asparaginyl endopeptidase (AEP) plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of cellular functions through regulating proteolytic cleavage as peptidase enzyme. We aimed to investigate the role of unique cardiac AEP in cardiac function by modulating key signaling elements in the myocardium. The murine heart was exposed to a single dose of 14 Gy radiation. Cellular signaling and apoptosis was analyzed in human and rat cardiomyocytes treated with various doses of radiation, we observed expression of AEP was increased by immunohistochemical staining in murine heart exposed to radiation. The AEP production along with its increased level of mRNA expression was associated with increased doses of radiation (0, 2, 5, 10 Gy) in cardiomyocytes. The myocardial cells transfected with AEP overexpression showed overall cellular viability enhancement, DNA damage inhibition, the foci formation of γ-H2AX suppressed and DNA repair enhancement significantly after radiation exposure. Small interfering RNA-mediated AEP knockdown was with reduced cardiomyocyte viability, elevated apoptotic rate, increased γ-H2AX foci formation and inhibited DNA repair as well after irradiation. After radiation exposure of 10 Gy, the expression of AEP increased in P53 overexpressing cardiomyocytes and decreased in the P53 knockdown cells, indicates that radiation-induced expression of AEP might be regulated by P53. Moreover, treatments with either AEP overexpression or knockdown showed enhanced NRF2 activity in the nuclear or suppressed NRF2 expression in the cytoplasm of myocardial cells after irradiation, respectively, defined a possible regulatory effect of AEP associated with diminished NRF2 translocation and activation by radiation exposure, including impair myocardium and myocardial apoptosis. These findings suggest that increased levels of AEP in failing myocardium after irradiation is mediated by P53 and regulate a novel pathway that involves NRF2 activation. AEP is essential for maintaining cellular redox homeostasis of cardiac function., Competing Interests: None., (AJCR Copyright © 2021.)

Objective: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of patients with primary gastro-intestinal marginal zone lymphoma (MALT)., Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed in 90 patients diagnosed with primary gastro-intestinal MALT lymphoma clinical characteristics and survival analyses., Results: Among 90 patients, 78 cases were originated from the stomach and 12 cases with extra-gastric origin. Eighty patients were classified as low-risk (IPI score 0-2), and 10 patients high-risk (IPI score 3-5). Compared to gastric MALT patients, extra-gastric cases presented with higher IPI score (7.7% vs 33.3%, P=0.025) and higher Hp infection rate (50.0% vs 87.2%, P<0.01). Treatment options for low risk patients (IPI score 0-2) included Hp eradication, surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Chemotherapy could improve progression-free survival (PFS) in low-risk patients. For high-risk patients, those receiving chemotherapy had 100% 3-year overall survival (OS). Univariate analysis revealed that ECOG (P=0.006), Mussh-off staging (P=0.008), IPI score (P=0.000), elevated LDH (P=0.019) and chemotherapy (P=0.026) were correlated with PFS. Multivariate analysis showed that higher IPI score (IPI 3-5) (OR=8.325, 95% CI 3.171-21.853, P=0.000) and chemotherapy (OR=0.319, 95% CI 0.121-0.838, P=0.020) were independent prognostic factors for PFS. ECOG (≥ 2) was independent prognostic factor for OS (OR=5.092, 95%CI 1.005-25.788, P=0.049)., Conclusion: Primary gastro-intestinal MALT lymphoma was an indolent subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Patients usually had low risk IPI and achieved long-term survival. Frontline therapy for low-risk patients was radiotherapy or Hp eradication, and chemotherapy for high-risk ones.