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Objective To summarize the clinical manifestations, laboratory examination, imaging examination, genetic test, treatment and prognosis of scrub typhus combined with central nervous system (CNS) infection. Methods and Results The clinical data of 4 cases of scrub typhus encephalitis diagnosed and treated from October to November in Tianjin Huanhu Hospital were analyzed. The main clinical manifestations were eschar and lymphadenopathy (4 cases), headache (4 cases), nausea and vomiting (3 cases), fever (3 cases), rash (3 cases), and mental behavior disorder (3 cases); laboratory examination of hepatic in 3 cases were abnormality. Three patients underwent lumbar puncture of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), including 3 cases with elevated pressure, 2 with elevated white blood cell count, 3 with elevated protein quantification, and 3 with abnormal immune function. Head MRI examination in 3 cases were normal, and one case showed a slightly linear hyperintensity of FLAIR in the bilateral occipital lobes. Metagenomic next⁃generation sequencing (mNGS) of CSF was completed in 3 patients, and Orientia tsutsugamushi was detected in all of them. All 4 cases were diagnosed as scrub typhus encephalitis and recovered after effective antibiotic treatment. Conclusions The clinical manifestations of scrub typhus combined with CNS infection are not specific, so it is necessary to be vigilant against the occurrence of scrub typhus in patients with CNS infection of unknown etiologys. In particular, scrub typhus should be considered during the epidemic season, if there is a history of farm work or suburban activities.

Objective To explore the application of online teaching of ultrasonic theory during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The standardized training of undergraduates, graduates and refresher doctors who have participated in the online theoretical teaching of ultrasound in the Peking University Third Hospital. Compared with the assessment results in previous years as the Objective index, the questionnaire was used as the subjective evaluation index. Results There was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group. It is shown that 78.3% of learners belives that the online teaching method got better than the conventional offline teaching method. Conclusions The quality of online teaching is similar to that of conventional teaching mode but both trainers and trainees prefer the online teaching.

Objective To evaluate learning outcomes of mind mapping with clinical symptom as theme in emergency ultrasound training. Methods The residents who were participated in standardized training were randomly divided into exprtiment group and control group. The control group received traditional emergency ultrasound training, while the experiment group received additional training about mind mapping with clinical symptom as theme on the basis of the control group. Before and after the training, Objective examination questions and film reading ability were evaluated. A questionnaire survey was conducted after the training, including comprehensive course evaluation and satisfaction with personal ability improvement. Results After the training, the score of experiment group was significantly higher than that of control group on Objectiveexamination questions and film reading ability (P＜0.05). The comprehensive course evaluation and satisfaction with personal capacity improvement of experiment group was higher than that of control group (P＜0.05). Conclusions The teaching method of mind mapping with clinical symptom as the theme improves diagnostic level by emergency ultrasound scanning as compared with which traditional emergency ultrasound training.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been considered by many studies to have a bidirectional relationship with periodontitis. This systematic review and network meta‐analysis aimed to investigate the impact of different states of T2DM when stratified by baseline HbA1c on the clinical outcomes of non‐surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT). Methods: This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and involved an electronic literature search (from inception to the 2nd of January 2023). The study included at least two groups of patients: chronic periodontitis only (No‐DM) or periodontitis and well‐controlled/poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (WC/PC‐T2DM). Clinical outcomes included probing depth (PD) reduction, bleeding on probing reduction, and clinical attachment level (CAL) gain. Direct and indirect comparisons between groups were assessed by network meta‐analysis, thus allowing us to establish a treatment ranking. Results: Ten prospective cohort studies (11 data sets) were included for qualitative analysis and network meta‐analysis. The data included in this study had high consistency; in addition, a funnel plot and Egger's test showed that the articles had low publication bias. Network meta‐analysis showed that the effect of NSPT in the No‐DM group was significantly better than the WC‐T2DM group [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 0.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.01, 0.18)] and the PC‐T2DM group [WMD = 0.09, 95% CI (0.01, 0.18)] in terms of CAL gain and better than the PC‐T2DM group [WMD = 0.15, 95% CI (0.02, 0.28)] in terms of PD reduction. According to the surface under the cumulative ranking value, the No‐DM group had the highest probability of achieving the best outcome following NSPT. Conclusions: Collectively, our analyses show that T2DM exerts significant effects on the outcomes of NSPT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Full utilization of the excited species at both singlet states (1R*) and triplet states (3R*) is crucial to improving electrochemiluminescence (ECL) efficiency but is challenging for organic luminescent materials. Here, an aggregation‐induced delayed ECL (AIDECL) active organic dot (OD) containing a benzophenone acceptor and dimethylacridine donor is reported, which shows high ECL efficiency via reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) of non‐emissive 3R* to emissive 1R*, overcoming the spin‐forbidden radiative decay from 3R*. By introducing dual donor‐acceptor pairs into luminophores, it is found that nonradiative pathway could be further suppressed via enhanced intermolecular weak interactions, and multiple spin‐up conversion channels could be activated. As a consequence, the obtained OD enjoys a 6.8‐fold higher ECL efficiency relative to the control AIDECL‐active OD. Single‐crystal studies and theoretical calculations reveal that the enhanced AIDECL behaviors come from the acceleration of both radiative transition and RISC. This work represents a major step towards purely organic, high‐efficiency ECL dyes and a direction for the design of next‐generation ECL dyes at the molecular level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the first time, we report novel aggregation-induced electrochemiluminescence (AIECL) of organic dots in aqueous media, with near-infrared II (NIR-II) luminescence peaked at 906 nm. Furthermore, a hybrid mechanism of ECL generation is revealed by various experiments in conjunction with theoretical calculations. This work opens a window for exploring efficient organic dye-based NIR-II AIECL emitters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most productive ecosystems in the world, mangroves are susceptible to cold stress. However, there is currently insufficient knowledge of the adaptation mechanisms of mangrove plants in response to chilling stress. This study conducted a comparative analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics to investigate the adaptive responses of Kandelia obovata (chilling-tolerant) and Avicennia marina (chilling-sensitive) to 5 °C. The transcriptomics results revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mostly enriched in signal transduction, photosynthesis-related pathways, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. The expression pattern of genes involved in photosynthesis-related pathways in A. marina presented a downregulation of most DEGs, which correlated with the decrease in total chlorophyll content. In the susceptible A. marina, all DEGs encoding mitogen-activated protein kinase were upregulated. Phenylpropanoid-related genes were observed to be highly induced in K. obovata. Additionally, several metabolites, such as 4-aminobutyric acid, exhibited higher levels in K. obovata than in A. marina, suggesting that chilling-tolerant varieties regulated more metabolites in response to chilling. The investigation defined the inherent distinctions between K. obovata and A. marina in terms of signal transduction gene expression, as well as phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis, during exposure to low temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]