Search

Novel natural products (NPs) and their derivatives are important sources for drug discovery, which have been broadly applied in the fields of agriculture, livestock, and medicine, making the synthesis of NPs and their derivatives necessarily important. In recent years, biosynthesis technology has received increasing attention due to its high efficiency in the synthesis of high value-added novel products and its advantages of green, environmental protection, and controllability. In this review, the technological advances of biosynthesis strategies in the discovery of novel NPs and their derivatives are outlined, with an emphasis on two areas of host engineering and in vitro enzymatic synthesis. In terms of hosts engineering, multiple microorganisms, including Streptomyces, Aspergillus, and Penicillium, have been used as the biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) provider and host strain for the expression of BGCs to discover new compounds over the past years. In addition, the use of in vitro enzymatic synthesis strategy to generate novel compounds such as triterpenoid saponins and flavonoids is also hereby described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The consideration of the fairness to local communities in the development of public facilities is not only a moral imperative, but also essential for achieving social performance of projects. Despite acknowledging the importance of identity influence, existing literature remains a significant dearth in examining the influence of diverse stakeholders on local residents' (un)fairness perceptions toward public projects, as well as an excessive reliance on self-reported methods. Therefore, this study adopted a judge-advisor-system to investigate neural and behavioral responses during the assessment of perceived unfairness caused by an assumptive newly planned waste-to-energy (WTE) project near communities of participants. Event-related potentials were measured, while participants judged the degree of two kinds of perceived unfairness (i.e., economy and health) under the influence of three stakeholders (i.e., governments, experts, and local residents). The neurocognitive results show that local individuals experienced negative emotions triggered by moral dilemmas of tradeoff between self- and other-interests when assessing both economic and health unfairness, with stronger ambivalence under economic conditions. Then, it is found that participants devoted more motivated cognitive effort into governments as authority to seek advice for addressing the dilemma in economic unfairness, yet, for treating health unfairness, they attached greater attention to both external experts as authority and local residents as ingroup members. This study contributes to the understanding of the emotions and cognitions of disadvantaged groups in the context of facilities, such as WTE, and opens a new avenue of research in infrastructure and stakeholder management to explore neurocognitive mechanisms of local residents' unfairness perception under the influence of different stakeholders. The findings yield valuable inputs for developing socially and morally responsible policies and strategies that consider and respect the concerns of local communities in public projects by leveraging the power of identity-based group influence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intracellular delivery, the process of transporting substances into cells, is crucial for various applications, such as drug delivery, gene therapy, cell imaging, and regenerative medicine. Among the different approaches of intracellular delivery, mechanoporation stands out by utilizing mechanical forces to create temporary pores on cell membranes, enabling the entry of substances into cells. This method is promising due to its minimal contamination and is especially vital for stem cells intended for clinical therapy. In this review, we explore various mechanoporation technologies, including microinjection, micro–nano needle arrays, cell squeezing through physical confinement, and cell squeezing using hydrodynamic forces. Additionally, we highlight recent research efforts utilizing mechanoporation for stem cell studies. Furthermore, we discuss the integration of mechanoporation techniques into microfluidic platforms for high-throughput intracellular delivery with enhanced transfection efficiency. This advancement holds potential in addressing the challenge of low transfection efficiency, benefiting both basic research and clinical applications of stem cells. Ultimately, the combination of microfluidics and mechanoporation presents new opportunities for creating comprehensive systems for stem cell processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To fully investigate the antecedents of public participation intention, a holistic framework was developed by integrating theory of planned behavior (TPB) and norm activation model (NAM), coupling with corporate social responsibility (CSR), community organizational support (COS), and channel availability (CA). Data was collected from questionnaire surveys conducted with nearby residents of three waste incineration power (WIP) projects in China, and was analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results indicated that all variables of TPB and NAM, except perceived behavioral control, were validated to positively affect participation intention. Moreover, CSR was found to have a positive effect on participation intention, while CA played a negative role. The positive moderating effect of COS on the relationship between CSR and participation intention was also supported. By comprehending the factors motivating participation in WIP projects, the findings contribute to developing participation intervention policies and addressing Not-In-My-Back-Yard issues of the projects referring to environmental hazard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]