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Abstract Introduction Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness, affecting millions worldwide. Its complex pathogenesis involves a variety of risk factors, including lipid metabolism and inflammation. This study aims to elucidate the causal relationships between biomarkers related to these processes and AMD, leveraging Mendelian randomization (MR) and cross-sectional analysis from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Method We conducted a two-phase study, initially using MR to explore the causality between 35 biomarkers and various AMD subtypes, followed by observational analysis with NHANES data to validate these findings. Results MR analysis identified a protective role of TG and a risk factor role of HDL-C and CRP in AMD development. NHANES data corroborated these findings, highlighting a nuanced relationship between these biomarkers and AMD. Notably, lipid metabolism-related biomarkers showed stronger associations with early AMD, whereas CRP’s significance was pronounced in late AMD. Conclusion This comprehensive analysis, combining MR with NHANES data, reinforces the importance of lipid metabolism and inflammation in AMD’s etiology. Future research should further investigate these biomarkers’ mechanisms and their potential as therapeutic targets for AMD prevention and treatment.

Accompanied by the rapid development of the economy and the great strides of reform, the whole society puts forward higher and higher requirements for the safety and stability of the power grid, and the frequent power outage events will bring great losses to the power enterprises. In this paper, we employ the linear encoding function in the MAGNN method to linearly process the risk factors associated with frequent power outages in electric power enterprises. We then assign weights to these linearly processed risk factor vectors using a graph attention mechanism. Finally, we apply the correction matrix of outage risk factors to identify the risk of power outages in electric power enterprises and design an intelligent power outage control system. The study discovered that 10 kV system failure is the primary cause of frequent outages in Power Enterprise-A. The number of failures occurred 129 times due to 10kV feeder system failures in rural distribution networks. The study also reveals that the implementation of an intelligent outage control system resulted in a 73.60% year-over-year decrease in the reliability loss of fault outages in power enterprise A, thereby effectively addressing the issue of frequent outages and reducing the economic losses incurred by power enterprises. This paper provides an effective method for resolving frequent power outages in electric power enterprises and provides a guiding direction for improving power supply reliability in electric power enterprises.

[Objective] The spatial and temporal evolutionary characteristics of arable land in the Tumen River basin and the driving factors for changes in arable land area were explored, and changes in arable land area associated with the Land Spatial Planning of Jilin Province (2021—2035) were predicted in order to provide a decision support basis for the rational planning and utilization of arable land resources in the Tumen River Basin. [Methods] Spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of arable land were explored through an analysis of a land use shift matrix and a center of gravity shift analysis. Markov and PLUS models were coupled to predict the quantity and spatial changes of cultivated land area under different scenarios. [Results] ① The total area of arable land has been decreasing continuously since 1990, but the overall situation was under control. The total area had decreased by 440.42 km2 by 2020, with arable land having been mainly transformed into forest land and construction land. ② There were obvious differences in the spatial distribution of arable land, with arable land concentrated in the middle and lower reaches of the river basin. The center of gravity of arable land gradually shifted to the southwest at a rate of 43.1 m per year. ③ Socioeconomic factors (GDP, road traffic, population) and natural factors (slope, precipitation) were the main drivers influencing arable land changes in the past. ④ The total amount of arable land for both scenarios decreased over time. The total area of arable land in 2035 in the goal-oriented scenario will be 128.57 km2 less than in 2020. The reduction in arable land will be concentrated mainly in the planned development zones and protected areas. [Conclusion] Pressures on arable land in the study area have increased because of rapid socioeconomic development over the past 30 years, and the current trends are not conducive to achieving the land spatial planning goals. In order to protect arable land quantity, quality, and ecology, and to sustainably develop arable land resources, those resources in the upstream and western areas of the study area must be developed appropriately so that the scale and technology of original agriculture can be promoted. Additionally, goal-oriented scenarios are more conducive to the sustainable development of arable land resources in the Tumen River basin, and land spatial planning goals should continue to be implemented.

In aviation mission planning system,the accuracy of aircraft air-to-ground attack route solution,route generation quality and route calculation speed are important indicators to measure multi constraint complex maneuver in aircraft route planning.In the process of design and use,it is subject to multi-dimensional constraints from time,space and aircraft body,which puts forward high requirements for flight dynamics modeling and track optimization.In this paper the object-oriented thinking is used to model the aircraft's side-slip dynamics model,and the design and optimization of the complex maneuvering process are realized by the way of route maneuvering splicing and segmental optimization.After simulation analysis,it is proved that the route optimization design can realize the multi-constrained trajectory design and planning function of the aircraft in terms of ideas and methods.The iterative optimization algorithm has good convergence,and the model and algorithm can meet the requirements of aviation mission planning.