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Ultra-long-distance and high-precision lightning location technology is an important means to realize low-cost and wide-area lightning detection. This paper carried out research on the high-precision location technology of very-low-frequency (VLF) lightning electromagnetic pulse based on the Asia-Pacific Lightning Location Network (APLLN) deployed in 2018. Two key technologies are proposed in this paper: one is the calculation method of signal arrival time using very-low-frequency lightning electromagnetic pulse waveform, and the other is the compression transmission technology of lightning electromagnetic pulse waveform based on a signal principal component analysis. The results of a comparison and evaluation of the improved APLLN with the ADTD system show that the APLLN has a relative location efficiency of 69.1% and an average location error within the network of 4.5 km. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advances in technology have facilitated the development of lightning research and data processing. The electromagnetic pulse signals emitted by lightning (LEMP) can be collected by very low frequency (VLF)/low frequency (LF) instruments in real time. The storage and transmission of the obtained data is a crucial link, and a good compression method can improve the efficiency of this process. In this paper, a lightning convolutional stack autoencoder (LCSAE) model for compressing LEMP data was designed, which converts the data into low-dimensional feature vectors through the encoder part and reconstructs the waveform through the decoder part. Finally, we investigated the compression performance of the LCSAE model for LEMP waveform data under different compression ratios. The results show that the compression performance is positively correlated with the minimum feature of the neural network extraction model. When the compressed minimum feature is 64, the average coefficient of determination R 2 of the reconstructed waveform and the original waveform can reach 96.7%. It can effectively solve the problem regarding the compression of LEMP signals collected by the lightning sensor and improve the efficiency of remote data transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Cu/hydrazone catalysis has been applied in the oxidative coupling of arylboronic acids and aromatic thiols for the synthesis of asymmetric diaryl sulfides. The reaction features mild conditions and readily available hydrazone ligand. It works for a wide range of arylboronic acids and thiols with good to excellent yields, exhibiting great potential of such hydrazone ligands in organic synthesis. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Highly efficient and recyclable catalysts with atomically dispersed catalytic sites. • Selective and effective mono- N -methylation of nitroarenes via one pot tandem reaction. • Using methanol as green carbon source and water is the only byproduct. • Avoiding the usage of toxic reagents. A series of N -heterocyclic carbene-iridium (NHC-Ir) coordination assemblies based on bis-pyrenoimidazolium salts are prepared, and shown to function as efficient solid molecular catalysts in selective mono- N -methylation of nitroarenes with methanol under mild conditions. The atomically dispersed active Ir(I) centers and the large π-conjugation rings endow the solid catalysts with an exceptionally high activity and selectivity for a broad substrate scope. Such solid NHC-Ir coordination assemblies are robust, which can be easily recovered and reused more than 10 runs without significant loss of their catalytic activity and selectivity. When combined with a subsequent formylation using the same solid catalysts under ambient conditions, this novel protocol can afford diverse formamides in excellent yields, further highlighting the applicability of the present solid catalysts for an efficient diversification of nitroarenes to a broad number of functional amines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the NHC–iridium coordination assemblies containing 1,5‐cyclooctadiene (COD) and iodide ion has been demonstrated as robust, efficient, recyclable solid molecular catalyst for N‐formylation of diverse primary and secondary amines with CO2 and H2 under mild reaction conditions. Remarkably, in the case of N,N‐dimethylformamide production, even at 0.1 mol % catalyst loading under solvent‐free conditions, the solid catalyst can be readily recovered by simply filtration and reused more than 10 runs without noticeable loss of activity. One of the NHC–iridium coordination assemblies containing 1,5‐cyclooctadiene (COD) and iodide ion has been demonstrated as a robust, efficient and recyclable solid molecular catalyst for N‐formylation of various primary and secondary amines with H2 and CO2 under mild reaction conditions at catalyst loadings as low as 0.1 mol %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: By using the commercially available ruthenium pincer complex (Ru‐MACHO‐BH) as a catalyst, the challenging direct hydrogenation of lactams and analogues has been successfully accomplished to deliver corresponding value‐added amino alcohols in good‐to‐excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. Remarkably, in addition to N‐protected lactams, unprotected ones could also be readily reduced in the presence of a catalytic amount of weak base or even under neutral reaction conditions, which further highlights the broad substrate scope and the protocol efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effect of solution conditions (such as contact time, solution pH, ionic strength, reaction temperature, solid-liquid ratio and humic acid (HA)) on U(VI) immobilization on montmorillonite from Huangshan, China in environment was investigated by batch technique. U(VI) adsorption on montmorillonite is fairly affected by the solution pH and the ionic strength. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔH°, ΔS°, and ΔG°) suggest that U(VI) adsorption on montmorillonite shows a spontaneous and endothermic process. The coexisted HA in solution could promote the U(VI) adsorption on montmorillonite. Notably, Huangshan montmorillonite has the potential in enrichment and solidification of U(VI) ions under environmental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The bentonite derived from Huangshan County was used as adsorbent for the adsorption of uranium (U(VI)). The effect of environmental factors, such as contact time, pH, ionic strength, HA and reaction temperature, on U(VI) adsorption on bentonite surface was investigated in detail. The adsorption capability of bentonite for U(VI) is obviously rest with pH value and ionic strength. The presence of HA in solution strongly enhance and reduce the adsorption of U(VI) on bentonite at low and high pH, respectively. The Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied to simulate the adsorption isotherms of U(VI) at three different temperatures of 298 ± 1, 318 ± 1 and 338 ± 1 K, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔH 0 , ΔG 0 and ΔS 0 ) calculated from the temperature-dependence adsorption isotherms indicates that U(VI) adsorption on bentonite is an endothermic and spontaneous process. At pH < 7, the adsorption of U(VI) was dominated by the outer-sphere surface complexation and ion exchange with H + /Na + on bentonite surfaces; At pH > 7, the inner-sphere surface complexation was the main adsorption mechanism. Based on the experimental analysis results, bentonite is an appropriate material for the enrichment and solidification of U(VI) ions. The results are important for the radioactive waste management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parameter identification or estimation is important to model simulations. This paper firstly carried out a sensitivity analysis of a water quality model using the Monte Carlo method. Then, two hybrid swarm intelligence algorithms were proposed to identify the parameters of the model based on the artificial bee colony and quantum-behaved particle swarm algorithms. One hybrid strategy is to use sequential framework, and the other is to use parallel adaptive cooperative evolving. The results of sensitivity analysis reveal that the average velocity and area of the river section are well identified, and the longitudinal dispersion coefficient is difficult to identify. The velocity is the most sensitive, followed by the dispersion and area parameters. Furthermore, the posterior parameter distribution and the collaborative relationship between any two parameters can be gotten. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid algorithms, this paper compared performances of the artificial bee colony, quantum-behaved particle swarm, their sequential combinations, and parallel adaptive dual populations. The experimental results demonstrate that the parallel dual population method is more effective than the original algorithms, when the data has added noise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bedding structure of shale is generated during the deposition and formation, which results in shales with prominent anisotropic characteristics. It depends on stability, control of oil and gas storage, and deep exploitation. In addition, the mechanical and permeability parts of bedding shale are very complex when it is under deep underground space with coupled high stress and high seepage. In this study, the black bedding shale was used as the research object, and a series of triaxial shear-seepage coupling tests were carried out. Firstly, the triaxial shear stress-shear strain curves and permeability-shear stress curves of different bedding shales under other triaxial shear-seepage coupling conditions were obtained. Secondly, the failure characteristics and shear deformation characteristics of shale under the shear-seepage coupling effect were explored. The shear stress threshold and permeability evolution law at each stage of shear failure were discussed. Thirdly, the shear strength, failure mode, and mechanism parameters of the black bedding shale under different normal stress and seepage pressure were studied. Fourthly, the linear M-C criterion, Ramamurthy criterion, and Hoek-Brown criterion characterize the variation of damage strength of shale with bedding orientation under triaxial shear-seepage coupling. Those results provide an experimental basis for exploring the anisotropic mechanical characteristics and failure mechanism of bedding shale under shear-seepage coupling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A novel lightning geolocation method for single-site is proposed. • The SLL-ResNet including three feature extraction branches and a feature fusion network is employed to locate lightning. • The model achieves a prediction error of 2.75–13.08% for the propagation distance of LEMP within a range of 1000 km. • The SLL-ResNet is available for all types of LEMP signals. A single-site lightning electromagnetic pulse (LEMP) localization approach based on deep learning was proposed and practiced. The approach was based on a large amount of ground-based lightning location and waveform data in the VLF/LF frequency band. A model for predicting the propagation distance of LEMP based on a deep learning method was proposed. The model used multiple types of LEMP waveform data as well as location data for parameter learning. The new model for detecting lightning activity has been validated against ADTD systems. The verification results for thunderstorms in the range of 1000 km show that the relative error of the model for the prediction of signal propagation distance was 2.75–13.08%. Affected by the azimuth calculation error, the relative error of single-site geolocation was 4.91–15.26%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sky waves generated by lightning are used to study the ionosphere. Previous studies calculated the reflection height of the ionosphere D region based on the time delay between the ground wave and the first skywave. This paper presents a new method for detecting the ionosphere. A set of ground wave delay values are used to calculate the height corresponding to the first and second skywaves. The height is determined by comparing the minimum difference between the corresponding heights of the first and the second skywaves. The height uncertainty is better than 1.5 km. Different from the previous studies for selecting lightning within a few hundred kilometers, the new method can select lightning within 2000 km for calculation. The results show that the errors caused by the ground wave delay can be corrected. For a region where lightning occurred in 24 h, the maximum height observed at night was 88 km, while the minimum height during the day was 66.7 km. In the absence of solar flare X-rays, the height during the day is strongly correlated with the solar zenith angle. • The first and second skywaves are used to calculate the D region ionosphere reflection height. • The height is determined by comparing the minimum difference between the heights of the 1st and the 2nd skywaves. • The lightning within 2000 km can be selected for calculation. • The height uncertainty is better than 1.5 km. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study conducts a series of large-scale pullout tests to explore the pullout behavior of the biaxial geogrid-calcareous sand interface. It investigates the effects of normal stress, relative density, and embedded length on the interface pullout behavior of geogrid reinforcement in calcareous sand. In addition, this research examines changes in interface shear strength and the interface friction coefficient. The interface interaction mechanism of geogrid reinforcement in calcareous sand and the evolution of pullout force-clamp displacement curves are determined. The results indicated that the pullout force-clamp displacement curve primarily exhibits softening and hardening behaviors. The passive resistance of the geogrid mesh significantly influences the softening behavior, while shear friction predominantly affects the hardening behavior. The interface friction coefficient ranged from 0.28 to 0.88 for embedded lengths of 300 − 460 mm. The effects of relative density and embedded length on interface cohesion are more pronounced than those on the interface friction angle. When the embedded length increased from 300 to 460 mm, the rise in interface cohesion ranged from 42.0% to 47.7%, whereas the increase in internal friction angle ranged from 9.5% to 14.5%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Asia-Pacific Lightning Location Network (APLLN) is a lightning location system consisting of a series of very low-frequency signal detection sites. Since 2018, 16 detection sites have been deployed with an average baseline longer than 1000 km. The detection site used a trigger sampling method to record the lightning signal with a duration of 2 ms and calculates the lightning arrival time based on digital filtering and the Hilbert envelope method. APLLN used a time difference location algorithm and improved Levenberg–Marquardt non-linear least squares iterative algorithm to calculate and optimize the lightning location results. The analysis results of a strong thunderstorm process show that the average detection efficiency of APLLN was 55.34% for intracloud (IC) strokes, 63.55% for cloud-to-ground (CG) strokes and 61.83% for all strokes (IC + CG). The average location error of APLLN for this thunderstorm is 5–10 km. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lightning waveform plays an important role in lightning observation, location, and lightning disaster investigation. Based on a large amount of lightning waveform data provided by existing real-time very low frequency/low frequency (VLF/LF) lightning waveform acquisition equipment, an automatic and accurate lightning waveform classification method becomes extremely important. With the widespread application of deep learning in image and speech recognition, it becomes possible to use deep learning to classify lightning waveforms. In this study, 50,000 lightning waveform samples were collected. The data was divided into the following categories: positive cloud ground flash, negative cloud ground flash, cloud ground flash with ionosphere reflection signal, positive narrow bipolar event, negative narrow bipolar event, positive pre-breakdown process, negative pre-breakdown process, continuous multi-pulse cloud flash, bipolar pulse, skywave. A multi-layer one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) was designed to automatically extract VLF/LF lightning waveform features and distinguish lightning waveforms. The model achieved an overall accuracy of 99.11% in the lightning dataset and overall accuracy of 97.55% in a thunderstorm process. Considering its excellent performance, this model could be used in lightning sensors to assist in lightning monitoring and positioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increase of complexity of Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) models and practical problems, the evaluation cost of sheet forming simulation is commonly expensive. Surrogate models have been employed for efficient evaluations but trouble the problem of inverse scattering. Moreover, the accuracy of the forming evaluation based on the widely used Forming Limit Diagram (FLD) is influenced by the non-working regions. In this study, image-processing techniques are employed. Simultaneously, two novel image-driven Generative Inverse Networks (GINs) are proposed to improve the sheet-forming design's efficiency and accuracy. Through validations, GIN Version d (GIN-Vd) is more efficient and can obtain higher accuracy. However, because the desired optimum should be given in advance, such applications might be limited. In comparison, the GIN Version g (GIN-Vg) is more flexible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

NHC–iridium coordination assemblies have been demonstrated as robust, efficient, and recyclable solid molecular catalysts for N‐formylation of various primary and secondary amines with H2 and CO2 under mild reaction conditions. A number of formamide derivatives could be synthesized in excellent yields even with chiral unprotected amino alcohols as substrates, and with catalyst loadings as low as 0.1 mol %. Furthermore, N,N‐dimethylformamide could be formed under solvent‐free conditions even at 0.1 mol % catalyst loading. Remarkably, the solid molecular catalyst could be readily reused via simple centrifugation and decantation without any activating treatments. Having no significant loss of activity after 10 runs highlights the potential of this protocol in industry. More information can be found in the Communication by Tao Tu et al. on page 3018 in Issue 20, 2018 (DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800953). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Removing end surfaces of a multi-channel burner which is the most commonly used burner type in entrained flow gasifiers could ease the risks of burner and cooling screens burning. On an air-particle test facility, experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of the improvements in a 2000 t/d GSP gasifier on the air/particle flow characteristics using a particle dynamics anemometer. For GSP burner and improved GSP burner (IGSP burner), the M-shaped distribution of mean axial velocity appears at the cross-section x/d = 4 and 6, respectively. By removing the end surface, the air and particles first diffusing to the near-wall region under the IGSP burner is delayed resulting in a lower risk that the cooling screen is burned. In IGSP burner, the central recirculation zone is smaller in both radial and axial directions than in GSP burner; removing the end surface could reduce the risk of burner being burned. Industrial-sized experimental results uncovered that in comparison with the prior GSP burner, the heat absorption of the burner support and the four parallel cooling screens for the IGSP burner decreased by 22% and 53%, respectively, which effectively verified the validity of the structural improvement. Highlights • End surfaces at the exit of a multi-channel burner were removed. • Air/particle flow fields under the improved burner were measured in lab-scale. • The influence of the improvements on the air-particle mixture extent was given. • The improvements mitigated high temperature corrosion to cooling screen and burner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract A new air-staged and low-NO x emission combustion technology has been applied to a 300 MW e anthracite- and down-fired boiler with swirl burners. To achieve the optimum air distribution in the primary combustion zone and further reduce NO x emissions, full-scale industrial experiments varying the ratios between burner secondary air ratio (R bsa) and staged air ratio (R sa) (i.e., R bsa / R sa ratios of 42.9/17.8, 47.1/13.5 and 51.5/9.3), on the premise that the overfire air (OFA) ratio was approximately 20%, were performed to evaluate the overall performance of retrofitted boiler. The improved ignition of coal/air flow was at a distance of 0.8–1.4 m to the burner outlet with increased R bsa / R sa ratio. Compared with the boiler before retrofit, under R bsa / R sa ratios of 47.1/13.5 and 51.5/9.3, the flue gas temperature in the primary combustion zone of the retrofitted boiler increased slightly. Oxygen and carbon monoxide concentrations in the near-sidewall region revealed the furnace flame fullness varied under different R bsa / R sa ratios. With increased the air staged level in the lower furnace, NO x emissions decreased continually and the carbon content in fly ash did not necessarily increased. Under the optimum R bsa / R sa ratio of 47.1/13.5, the NO x reduction efficiency was approximately 46% with increasing boiler thermal efficiency slightly. Highlights • Low-NO x combustion technology was applied to a down-fired boiler with swirl burners. • As NO x emissions increased, carbon content in fly ash did not necessarily decreased. • NO x reduction of 46% was achieved without negative effects at the optimal condition. • Coal ignition and flue gas temperature in the primary combustion zone were improved. • Furnace flame fullness under different operation conditions was revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Converting more CO2 absorbed by plant photosynthesis into biomass-activated carbon effectively reduces carbon emissions. In this study, we used a one-step preparation of biomass-activated carbon loaded with MgO nanoparticles to investigate the effect of Mg loading on the catalytic pyrolysis process. The influences of magnesium loading on biochar yield and fixed carbon production were assessed. The addition of 1% Mg weakened the carbonyl C=O, inhibited the dehydroxylation reaction, enhanced the C-H signal strength, and the formation of MgO inhibited the weaker- bound substituent breakage. Additionally, the addition of magnesium altered the morphological features and chemical composition of the biochar material. It also increased the activated carbon mesoporosity by 3.94%, biochar yield by 5.55%, and fixed carbon yield by 12.14%. The addition of 1% Mg increased the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon to potassium dichromate, acid magenta, methylene blue, and tetracycline effluents by 8.71 mg, 37.15 mg, 117.68 mg, and 3.53 mg, respectively. The results showed that MgCl2 played a significant role in promoting the thermal degradation of biomass and improving the solid yield and adsorption performance of activated carbon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a numerical study of a closed-cycle evaporation system for the desalination of seawater. The system couples the condensing end of a heat pump with a humidifier, where the air is dehumidified in the heat pump evaporator. First, the mechanism of action of the closed-cycle evaporation system was analyzed from the perspective of heat transfer, and the control equations for the heat and mass transfer of the system were investigated. In addition, a mathematical model of the system was developed and validated. The influence of several important parameters of the air and seawater entering the system on the system's performance under the design conditions was investigated numerically. The parametric analysis showed that the effect of the seawater mass flow rate on the system's productivity was not significant. As the air mass flow rate increases, the freshwater production rate increases and then decreases. The output ratio (GOR) of the system was estimated and found to be competitive with other reported HDH systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different types of acid pretreatment are known to influence the removal of certain components from pine wood sawdust, due to differences in the acid hydrolysis, which also predetermine the final formation and adsorptive properties of the produced activated carbon (AC) through subsequent potassium hydroxide activation. AC made by using phosphorous acid as an acid pretreatment had the largest absorption capacity of methylene blue (MB) dye due to its highest acidity. Subsequently, the effects on the adsorption variables for this AC such as initial pH, MB concentration, contact time and temperature were investigated. The resulting adsorption process was classified as pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the Langmuir isotherm model better described the equilibrium data in comparison with the Freundlich isotherm model. The outcome showed that a lower temperature had an increased adsorption capacity of sawdust-derived AC pretreated with phosphorous acid, which allowed maximum adsorption capacities of 303.03 mg/g at 30 °C, implying that the adsorption was an endothermic process. Phosphorous acid pretreatment and activation processes proved to be an effective strategy to prepare highly porous AC from sawdust, with high potential to cationic dye removal from liquid phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Treating high salt and high organic matter wastewater (HHW) generated during rapid socio-economic development is a significant challenge. This study aims to optimize a closed-cycle low-temperature evaporation (CCLE) system using mathematical modelling to be adapted to industrial applications. By using mathematical modelling and computational fluid dynamics (CFD), this study investigated the operating mechanism of the system under different operating conditions. Parametric analysis shows that increasing the compressor evaporation temperature and decreasing the condensation temperature is conducive to improving the performance of the heat pump unit, thereby increasing the wastewater treatment efficiency of the system and that a smaller heat transfer coil windward area is conducive to heat and mass transfer within the humidifier. The unique characteristics of the CCLE system are identified, and the wastewater treatment process under various operating conditions is explained. These findings may provide supporting information for the treatment of HHW by the CCLE system. • Optimization models for new wastewater treatment systems. • Proper heat pump unit parameters enhance system performance. • Tube spacing affects the state of evaporated water film. • Provides theoretical support for the industrial application of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper established a global chaos model to predict water quality time series that comprised a small amount of data, and the reducing-dimension chaos method was put forward to improve calculation of the global chaos method. Furthermore, sectioned variable-dimension fractal was also used to simulate and predict the same water quality time series. To investigate the prediction ability of the two chaos methods and fractal method, the auto regression (AR) model and grey model were used. The results illustrated that prediction accuracy of the global chaos method and the reducing-dimension method was higher than that of the AR model and grey model. The prediction result of the reducing-dimension method was the most satisfactory among the five methods. The results also indicated that the prediction accuracy of sectioned variable-dimension fractal method was better than that of the AR and grey methods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Lead dioxide (PbO2) was compared to platinum (Pt) as a cathode catalyst in a double-cell microbial fuel cell (MFC) utilizing glucose as a substrate in the anode chamber. Four types of cathodes were tested in this study including two PbO2 cathodes fabricated using a titanium base with butanol or Nafion® binders and PbO2 paste, one Pt/carbon cathode fabricated using a titanium base with a carbon–Pt paste, and a commercially available Pt/carbon cathode made from carbon paper with Pt on one side. The power density and polarization curves were compared for each cathode and cost estimates were calculated. Results indicate the PbO2 cathodes produced between 2 and 4× more power than the Pt cathodes. Furthermore, the PbO2 cathodes produced between 2 and 17× more power per initial fabrication or purchase cost than the Pt cathodes. This study suggests that cathode designs that incorporate PbO2 instead of Pt could possibly improve the feasibility of scaling up MFC designs for real world applications by improving power generation and lowering production cost. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract The use of microbial fuel cells (MFC) in the field of electricity generation and wastewater treatment is attracting considerable research attention. Nitrate removal relies on nitrification and denitrification in the cathode. Dissolved oxygen (DO) is an important factor influencing MFC. In this work, the performance of a two-chambered MFC that uses nitrogen wastewater as a substrate was investigated under three different initial catholyte DO microenvironments anoxic (1.5 mg/L), normal-value (3.4 mg/L), and oxygen-rich (4.4 mg/L) conditions. Results indicated that MFC performance depended on the initial DO concentration of the cathode. Power density was the highest under anoxic condition. Furthermore, high-throughput sequencing was used to explore the cathode biofilm and microbial-communities suspension in each stage. Results showed that the predominant genus of cathode electrodes changed from Pirellula to Thermomonas and finally to Azospira. Heterotrophic denitrifying bacterial activity was inhibited under anoxic condition, and the proportion of nitrobacteria increased. Overall, this study showed that MFC can be used for simultaneous power generation and decomposed‑nitrogen treatment by controlling the catholyte DO and improving the reduction efficiency of the cathode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on low-polluting, economical, and reliable antibiotic adsorption materials is of great significance for reducing pollution in the pharmaceutical and aquaculture industries. Herein, N, P co-doped carbon material (PCC500) with a high specific surface area of 1400 m2/g and a high mesoporous ratio of 89.9% were prepared from cabbage waste by H 3 PO 4 hydrothermal combined with activation. PCC500 showed good adsorption performance for various antibiotics, including chloramphenicol (CHL), tetracycline (TC), ofloxacin (OFX) and erythromycin (ERY). 99% removal efficiency and 247 mg/g adsorption capacity of TC on PCC500 were obtained at 298 K (C 0 = 50 mg/L), and 471 mg/g of the maximum adsorption capacity of was achieved at 318 K. The adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic analysis indicated that there was chemisorption during the adsorption process. A series of characterizations including SEM, EDS, N 2 adsorption and desorption, FTIR, XPS showed that the abundant pore structure and P, N functional groups are important factors affecting the adsorption performance, and the graphite-N and C3-PO structures in PCC500 could be the important active sites responsible for antibiotic chemisorption. Moreover, PCC500 exhibits good resistance to impurity ions and cyclic stability. [Display omitted] • N, P co-doped mesoporous carbon was prepared from Cabbage waste by a simple method. • A high mesoporous ratio of 89.87% and a large SSA of 1400 m2/g were obtained. • PCC500 showed good adsorption performance for four antibiotics. • The chemisorption sites for antibiotics adsorption were revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyaniline (PANI) modified bentonite (PANI/bentonie) was synthesized by plasma induced polymerization of aniline on bentonite surface, and applied to uptake of uranium(VI) ions from aqueous solution. The as-synthesized PANI/bentonie was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Batch adsorption technique was utilized to investigate the adsorption of U(VI) on bentonite and PANI/bentonite. The adsorption of U(VI) (10 mg/L) on PANI/bentonite surface is fairly depend on solution pH, ionic strength, and temperature in solution. The modified PANI on PANI/bentonite surface significantly enhances its adsorption capability for U(VI). The presence of humic acid (HA) can sound enhance U(VI) adsorption on PANI/bentonite at pH < 6.5 because of the strong complexation, and inhibits U(VI) adsorption at pH > 6.5. According to the thermodynamic parameters, the adsorption of U(VI) on PANI/bentonite surface is a spontaneous and endothermic process. The results highlight the application of PANI/bentonite composites as candidate material for the uptake of trace U(VI) from aqueous solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]