Search

The current data for this review about war association with mental health and social issues have been collected by using the web of science, The National Center for Biotechnology Information (PubMed) and Google Scholar. War leads to physical, social, economical and mental health losses all the times. Among them, mental illness and social issue are the major causes facing the people in the war-affected zone. The review describes about the group majorly exposed to post-war traumatic problems and the destruction of social values. The study is helpful to provide a roadmap for the future research especially to overcome on the post consequences of war in order to avoid any further complications in human and society. Key words: War, susceptible groups, displaced people, mental health and social issue

Objective: To compare the clinical therapeutic effect of bridge combined internal fixation system and locking compression plate internal fixation in the treatment of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures by emphatically observing fracture healing and shoulder joint function. Methods: Totally 44 elderly patients with Robinson type 2B displaced midshaft clavicle fractures were included from the Department of Orthopaedics, Shenyang Fourth People's Hospital during February 2016 and December 2018, including 23 males and 21 females, mean age (69.8±10.2) years old. The patients were divided into a bridge combined internal fixation system group (bridge group, n=22) and a locking compression plate internal fixation group (plate group, n=22) according to the internal fixation methods. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, fracture healing time, and postoperative complications were recorded. At 12 months after surgery, the shoulder joint Constant-Murley score and DASH score were used to assess the recovery of joint function. The serum levels of bone turnover biochemical markers procollagen I N-terminal peptide (P1NP), cross-linked Carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen (CTX-I), and osteoblast specific factor (OSF) were measured before and 3 months after surgery. Results: The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and fracture healing time of the bridge group were significantly shorter than those of the plate group (P < 0.05). Constant scores and DASH scores in the bridge group were significantly better than those of the plate group at 12 months after surgery (P < 0.05). Serum levels of CTX-I was significantly decreased, while the P1NP and OSF were significantly increased compared with before surgery in the both groups (P < 0.05), and the changes were more obvious in the bridge group (P < 0.05). The incidence of complications was similar between the two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Compared with the locking plate system, the bridge combined internal fixation system can effectively improve the operation efficiency, have more benefits on fracture healing, better promote the recovery of patients' function, and reduce the failure rate of internal fixation, thus providing a better choice to treat displaced midshaft clavicle fractures by intraoperative internal fixation.

Nonleptonic two-body Bc decays including radially excited ψ(2S) or ηc(2S) mesons in the final state are studied using the perturbative QCD approach based on kT factorization. The charmonium distribution amplitudes are extracted from the n=2,l=0 Schrödinger states for the harmonic oscillator potential. Utilizing these distribution amplitudes, we calculate the numerical results of the Bc→ψ(2S),ηc(2S) transition form factors and branching fractions of Bc→ψ(2S)π,ηc(2S)π decays. The ratio between two decay modes Bc→ψ(2S)π and Bc→J/ψπ is compatible with the experimental data within uncertainties, which indicates that the harmonic-oscillator wave functions for ψ(2S) and ηc(2S) work well. It is found that the branching fraction of Bc→ηc(2S)π , which is dominated by the twist-3 charmonium distribution amplitude, can reach the order of 10-3 . We hope it can be measured soon in the LHCb experiment.

Nonleptonic two body $B_c$ decays including radially excited $��(2S)$ or $��_c(2S)$ mesons in the final state are studied using the perturbative QCD approach based on $k_T$ factorization. The charmonium distribution amplitudes are extracted from the $n = 2, l = 0$ Schr$\ddot{o}$dinger states for the harmonic oscillator potential. Utilizing these distribution amplitudes, we calculate the numerical results of the $B_c\rightarrow ��(2S),��_c(2S)$ transition form factors and branching fractions of $B_c\rightarrow ��(2S)��, ��_c(2S)��$ decays. The ratio between two decay modes $B_c\rightarrow ��(2S)��$ and $B_c\rightarrow J/����$ is compatible with the experimental data within uncertainties, which indicate that the harmonic oscillator wave functions for $��(2S)$ and $��_c(2S)$ work well. It is found that the branching fraction of $B_c\rightarrow ��_c(2S)��$, which is dominated by the twist-3 charmonium distribution amplitude, can reach the order of $10^{-3}$. We hope it can be measured soon in the LHCb experiment., 9 pages, 3 figures,3 Tables

The electron properties of rectangular and elliptical quantum wires (QWRs) are investigated in detail by using the perturbation theory and the diagonalization method. In cases of both the absence and presence of a magnetic field the electron states are given in the single band effective mass approximation. The calculations show that the electron energies in quantum wires are dramatically influenced by the shape of the wires. The quantum behaviors of the quantum wires studied are similar to that of other-shaped QWRs which were studied before.