Search

We aimed to examine the effects of antibiotic and probiotic usage on the gut microbiota structure and the presence of antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) in infants during the first six months of life. Questionnaires and fecal samples were collected within three days of birth, two months, and six months to assess antibiotic and probiotic exposure. Gut microbiotas were sequenced via 16S rRNA, and ARGs were conducted by qPCR, including beta-lactam (mecA, blaTEM), tetracycline (tetM), fluoroquinolone (qnrS), aminoglycoside (aac(6′)-Ib), and macrolide (ermB). Infants were categorized by antibiotic and probiotic usage and stratified by delivery mode, microbial composition, and ARG abundances were compared, and potential correlations were explored. A total of 189 fecal samples were analyzed in this study. The gut microbiota diversity (Chao1 index) was significantly lower in the "only probiotics" (PRO) group compared to the "neither antibiotics nor probiotics" (CON) group at six months for the CS stratification (p = 0.029). Compositionally, the abundance of core genus Bifidobacterium_pseudocatenulatum was less abundant for the antibiotic during delivery (IAP) group than that in the CON group within the first three days (p = 0.009), while core genus Enterococcus_faecium was more abundant in the PRO than that in the CON group (p = 0.021) at two months. ARGs were highly detected, with Enterococcus hosting tetM and Escherichia associated with blaTEM within three days of birth, though no correlation was found between Bifidobacterium and ARGs. These findings emphasized the critical importance of carefully managing antibiotic and probiotic exposures in early life, with implications for promoting lifelong health through preserving a healthy infant gut ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the restriction of the Moire signal quality on the subdivision multiple and accuracy, a time domain subdivision method for optical grating signals based on time series analysis is proposed. The relationship between the grating pitch and the sampling period is utilized to transform the equal space intervals into time series. A time domain prediction model is established based on the autoregressive model of time series analysis to predict the sampling time, and the parameters of the model are calculated using the maximum likelihood estimate method. Experimental results indicate that the subdivision errors both achieve ± 2.4'' when the subdivision multiples are 400 and 800, respectively. This subdivision method reduces the reliance on grating signal quality, proving certain application value. 摘要: 针对光栅细分倍数和精度受到莫尔条纹信号质量限制的问题,提出一种基于时间序列分析的光栅信号时 域细分方法.首先利用等空间间隔的栅距与采样时间周期的对应关系,将空间栅ìié 转换为时间序列.然后利用时间 序列分析中的自回归模型进行建模预测,并采用最大似然估计法计算模型参数.最后在预测时间内发送出代表位 移的细分脉冲.实验表明,细分倍数为400 或800 时的角位移细分误差均为:t 2.4'' ,且光栅运动加速度及其变化率 越小,细分误差越小.此细分方法一定程度上降低了对光栅信号质量的依赖,具有一定的应用价值.中图分类号: TH7 文献标志码:A 文章编号: 1672-6030(2018)01-0048-06 Keywords: optical grating, space-time conversion, time domain subdivision, time series, 关键词: 光栅, 时空转换, 时域细分, 时间序列

This paper investigates and compares the static performance and short-circuit (SC) robustness of 1200 V SiC MOSFETs with varying JFET widths (WJFET = 2.0–5.0 μm). Short-circuit measurements as well as electrical-thermal simulations are used to identify thermal distribution and maximum electrical field, providing valuable insights into the design limits. The devices under test (DUTs) with narrow and wide WJFET exhibit different failure mechanisms under SC stress. After the short-circuit failure, interlayer dielectric (ILD) cracks are observed in DUTs with narrow JFET width (WJFET < 3 μm). In contrast, it is discovered that the burn mark is located in the channel region of the device with a wide JFET width. Moreover, the short-circuit withstand time (SCWT) of DUTs with narrow and wide WJFET exhibits varying trends under high temperature conditions (100 °C). These results can help verify the different failure mechanisms and determine an optimal JFET design to improve the trade-off between the static performance and SC ruggedness of the SiC MOSFETs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the common problems in physical education for university students, including insufficient learning and practice time, single learning channel, less practical chance, lack of self-confidence and enthusiasm, combined with the previous research on physical education teaching mode, under the general trend of information teaching, the study proposes the "three-in-one" physical education teaching mode which consists of classroom teaching, online teaching, and extracurricular synchronous single club. Through the practical testing of optional badminton course in South China Normal University, the research holds that the "three-in-one" teaching mode could solve the main problems of university physical education and then promote improvement of the teaching quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]