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4. Online Identification and Prediction of USV Maneuverability Parameters Based on Multi-innovation Recursive Least Squares Algorithm with a Forgetting Factor

Author

Ma, Xiangfeng, Wang, Wei, Wang, Weimeng, Wang, Baolin, Dong, Zaopeng, Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Oneto, Luca, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zamboni, Walter, Series Editor, Tan, Kay Chen, Series Editor, Qu, Yi, editor, Gu, Mancang, editor, Niu, Yifeng, editor, and Fu, Wenxing, editor

Published
2024
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8. Neutralizing Immunity Induced Against the Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 Variants in Vaccine Breakthrough Infections

Author

Brazer, Noah, Morris, Mary Kate, Servellita, Venice, Anglin, Khamal, Saldhi, Prachi, Garcia-Knight, Miguel, Bethancourt, Sutana, Sotomayor-Gonzalez, Alicia, Wang, Baolin, Foresythe, Abiodun, Nguyen, Jenny, Gliwa, Amelia S, Pineda-Ramirez, Jesus, Sanchez, Ruth Diaz, Zhang, Yueyuan, Ott, Melanie, Wadford, Debra A, Andino, Raul, Kelly, J Daniel, Hanson, Carl, and Chiu, Charles Y

Subjects
Medical Microbiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Immunology, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Prevention, Vaccine Related, Immunization, Infectious Diseases, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Humans, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Vaccines, Antibodies, Viral, Omicron BA, 1, 2, and Delta SARS-CoV-2 variants, COVID-19, breakthrough infection, neutralizing antibodies, vaccine boosting, Omicron BA.1, Omicron BA.2, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Microbiology, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

BackgroundAs of early 2022, the Omicron variants are the predominant circulating lineages globally. Understanding neutralizing antibody responses against Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 after vaccine breakthrough infections will provide insights into BA.2 infectivity and susceptibility to subsequent reinfection.MethodsLive virus neutralization assays were used to study immunity against Delta and Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants in samples from 86 individuals, 24 unvaccinated (27.9%) and 62 vaccinated (72.1%), who were infected with Delta (n = 42, 48.8%) or BA.1 (n = 44, 51.2%). Among the 62 vaccinated individuals, 39 were unboosted (62.9%), whereas 23 were boosted (37.1%).ResultsIn unvaccinated infections, neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against the three variants were weak or undetectable, except against Delta for Delta-infected individuals. Both Delta and BA.1 breakthrough infections resulted in strong nAb responses against ancestral wild-type and Delta lineages, but moderate nAb responses against BA.1 and BA.2, with similar titers between unboosted and boosted individuals. Antibody titers against BA.2 were generally higher than those against BA.1 in breakthrough infections.ConclusionsThese results underscore the decreased immunogenicity of BA.1 compared to BA.2, insufficient neutralizing immunity against BA.2 in unvaccinated individuals, and moderate to strong neutralizing immunity induced against BA.2 in Delta and BA.1 breakthrough infections.

Published
2022

19. COVID-19 Variant Detection with a High-Fidelity CRISPR-Cas12 Enzyme

Author

Fasching, Clare L, Servellita, Venice, McKay, Bridget, Nagesh, Vaishnavi, Broughton, James P, Sotomayor-Gonzalez, Alicia, Wang, Baolin, Brazer, Noah, Reyes, Kevin, Streithorst, Jessica, Deraney, Rachel N, Stanfield, Emma, Hendriks, Carley G, Fung, Becky, Miller, Steve, Ching, Jesus, Chen, Janice S, and Chiu, Charles Y

Subjects
Human Genome, Genetics, Biodefense, Vaccine Related, Lung, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Prevention, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, Detection, screening and diagnosis, Good Health and Well Being, COVID-19, COVID-19 Testing, CRISPR-Cas Systems, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, Humans, Mutation, SARS-CoV-2, Sensitivity and Specificity, CRISPR-Cas12, DETECTR, LAMP, SARS coronavirus 2, assay validation, guide RNAs, variant, viral mutations, Biological Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Microbiology
Abstract

Laboratory tests for the accurate and rapid identification of SARS-CoV-2 variants can potentially guide the treatment of COVID-19 patients and inform infection control and public health surveillance efforts. Here, we present the development and validation of a rapid COVID-19 variant DETECTR assay incorporating loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) followed by CRISPR-Cas12 based identification of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) gene. This assay targets the L452R, E484K/Q/A, and N501Y mutations, at least one of which is found in nearly all major variants. In a comparison of three different Cas12 enzymes, only the newly identified enzyme CasDx1 was able to accurately identify all targeted SNP mutations. An analysis pipeline for CRISPR-based SNP identification from 261 clinical samples yielded a SNP concordance of 97.3% and agreement of 98.9% (258 of 261) for SARS-CoV-2 lineage classification, using SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequencing and/or real-time RT-PCR as test comparators. We also showed that detection of the single E484A mutation was necessary and sufficient to accurately identify Omicron from other major circulating variants in patient samples. These findings demonstrate the utility of CRISPR-based DETECTR as a faster and simpler diagnostic method compared with sequencing for SARS-CoV-2 variant identification in clinical and public health laboratories.

Published
2022

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