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The quantitative analysis of cell surface antigens has attracted increasing attention due to the antigenic variation recognition that can facilitate early diagnoses. This paper presents a novel methodology based on the optical “cell-tearing” and the especially proposed “dilution regulations” to detect variations in cell surface antigens. The cell attaches to the corresponding antibody-coated slide surface. Then, the cell-binding firmness between a single cell and the functionalized surface is assayed by optically tearing using gradually reduced laser powers incorporated with serial antibody dilutions. Groups B and B3 of red blood cells (RBCs) were selected as the experiment subject. The results indicate that a higher dilution called for lower power to tear off the cell binding. According to the proposed relative-quantitative analysis theory, antigenic variation can be intuitively estimated by comparing the maximum allowable dilution folds. The estimation result shows good consistency with the finding in the literature. This study suggests a novel methodology for examining the variation in cell surface antigens, expected to be widely capable with potential sensor applications not only in biochemistry and biophysics, but also in the micro-/nano- engineering field.

International audience; Content Based Image Retrieval(CBIR) is the task of finding similar images from a query one. Since the term similar means here "with the same semantic content", we propose to explore in this paper, a framework that uses Deep Neural Networks based semantic segmentation networks, coupled with a binary spatial encoding. Such simple representation has several relevant properties: 1) It takes advantage of the state of the art semantic segmentation networks and 2) the proposed binary encoding allows a Hamming distance that requests a very low computation budget resulting to a fast CBIR method. Several experiments achieved on public datasets show that our binary semantic signature leads to increase the CBIR accuracy and reduce the execution time. We study the performance of the proposed approach on six different public datasets

Precise and high-resolution carbon dioxide (CO2) emission data is of great importance in achieving carbon neutrality around the world. Here we present for the first time the near-real-time Global Gridded Daily CO2 Emissions Dataset (GRACED) from fossil fuel and cement production with a global spatial resolution of 0.1° by 0.1° and a temporal resolution of 1 day. Gridded fossil emissions are computed for different sectors based on the daily national CO2 emissions from near-real-time dataset (Carbon Monitor), the spatial patterns of point source emission dataset Global Energy Infrastructure Emissions Database (GID), Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR), and spatiotemporal patters of satellite nitrogen dioxide (NO2) retrievals. Our study on the global CO2 emissions responds to the growing and urgent need for high-quality, fine-grained, near-real-time CO2 emissions estimates to support global emissions monitoring across various spatial scales. We show the spatial patterns of emission changes for power, industry, residential consumption, ground transportation, domestic and international aviation, and international shipping sectors from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2020. This gives thorough insights into the relative contributions from each sector. Furthermore, it provides the most up-to-date and fine-grained overview of where and when fossil CO2 emissions have decreased and rebounded in response to emergencies (e.g., coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]) and other disturbances of human activities of any previously published dataset. As the world recovers from the pandemic and decarbonizes its energy systems, regular updates of this dataset will enable policymakers to more closely monitor the effectiveness of climate and energy policies and quickly adapt., Graphical abstract, Public summary • We present the first near-real-time Global Gridded Daily CO2 Emissions Dataset (GRACED) • GRACED can be updated in near real time with a spatial resolution of 0.1° and a temporal resolution of 1 day • GRACED shows gridded emissions of seven sectors: power, industry, residential consumption, ground transport, domestic aviation, international aviation, and international shipping • Regular updates of GRACED will enable policymakers to more closely monitor the effectiveness of climate and energy policies and quickly adapt on various spatial scales

(A model for minimizing maintenance costs of medical equipment using fuzzy logic) Resumen. En este trabajo se presenta un algoritmo basado en logica difusa que modela un Plan de Gestion de Mantenimiento de Equipos Medicos, este se desarrolla en tres etapas: En la primera se genera un inventario funcional, siguiendo los protocolos recomendados por la OMS e informacion de cada equipo. En la segunda, se acoplan tres protocolos de atencion prioritaria, utilizados para seleccionar las funciones de pertenencia del sistema difuso. En la tercera, se genera una familia de escenarios mediante simulacion de Monte Carlo, calculandose el grado de prioridad difuso de mantenimiento para los equipos. Los resultados logran que la seleccion de equipos del plan de mantenimiento anual se realice garantizando la disponibilidad de los equipos prioritarios. El elemento distintivo en este trabajo es la introduccion de la estructura difusa en los algoritmos de Fennigkoh-Smith y el de Wang-Levenson, permitiendo de este modo que la seleccion del equipo medico se realice en forma automatica limitando el error humano en el proceso. Un area de oportunidad consiste en incorporar un proceso de optimizacion de costos de mantenimiento del equipo con una restriccion presupuestaria. Se concluye que el sistema mostrado es amigable y robusto para los fines planteados.

International audience; The 17 O resonances of Zirconium-oxo clusters that can be found in porous Zr carboxylate metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been investigated by magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy enhanced by dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). High-resolution 17 O spectra at 0.037 % natural abundance could be obtained in 48 hours, thanks to DNP enhancement of the 1 H polarization by factors   = S with /S without = 28, followed by 1 H 17 O cross-polarization, allowing a saving in experimental time by a factor of ca. 800. The distinct 17 O sites from the oxo-clusters can be resolved at 18.8 T. Their assignment is supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations of chemical shifts and quadrupolar parameters. Protonation of 17 O sites seems to be leading to large characteristic shifts. Markedly, natural abundance 17 O NMR spectra of diamagnetic MOFs can thus be used to probe and characterize the local environment of different 17 O sites on an atomic scale.

Dette speciale søger forståelse om lokales oplevelser med turismen på Vesterbro gennem betragtninger om autenticitet og i lyset af en strategi for Københavns turisme. Wonderful Copenhagens strategi for den københavnske turisme skaber motivationen for at undersøge de lokales oplevelser, da strategien opfordrer til, at hverdagslivet og de lokale skal opleves. Specialets metodologi udgøres af praksistilgang og fænomenologi, og der udføres i dette perspektiv samtaler med lokale og et interview med Wonderful Copenhagen. Analysen finder, at lokale deler hverdagslivet med turismen, og at de kan ses som velkomstparate. Gennem møder med turismen opnår lokale en følelse af autenticitet og er aktører i en turismepraksis, hvor en markedsliggørelse af de lokales hverdagsliv antydes. I markedsliggørelsen af hverdagslivet tolkes en skrøbelighed i autenticiteten, som kan resultere i, at i stedet for autentiske oplevelser findes oplevelser af at blive objektiviseret. Fortolkningerne sættes i lyset af strategien for den københavnske turisme og konkluderer afslutningsvis, at eksistensen af aktørerne i den københavnske turisme besidder et blindhedsforhold, som overser konsekvenserne af markedsliggørelsen af hverdagslivet., This thesis is seeking understanding about how locals experience tourism in Vesterbro, Copenhagen. A strategy created by Wonderful Copenhagen sparks a motivation for this study, due to its focus on authenticity and locals being the destination. This inspires to an operationalization of authenticity, when conducting conversations with locals from Vesterbro and an interview with Wonderful Copenhagen. In a three-level analysis, locals’ experiences with tourism is interpreted, which leads to the assumption, that tourism is an intrinsic part of locals’ everyday life in Vesterbro. Locals obtain a feeling of authenticity in meetings with tourism, when they welcome visitors to Vesterbro. Indications of a commodification of everyday life are found, where locals play a part in this practice, as they are aware of the beneficial outcomes of urban tourism. In the commodification of everyday life, authenticity can be thought as fragile, because locals, who do not take part in the commodification, express a feeling of being turned into toured objects. In the light of Wonderful Copenhagen’s strategy, the thesis concludes, that a state of blindness can be seen in the agents of commodification of everyday life, as these seem to disregard the consequences of commodifying everyday life.

No basta con naturalizar la epistemología: el desafío principal de la filosofía de las prácticas científicas es naturalizar la axiología de la ciencia. Otro tanto ocurre en historia de la ciencia. Esta se ocupa de las teorías, hipótesis, observaciones, descubrimientos, experimentos, instrumentos, publicaciones e instituciones, pero, también debería ocuparse de los diversos criterios de valoración que utilizan los científicos, incluidos aquellos criterios que devienen normas institucionales. Una cosa son los cambios epistémicos y otra los cambios de valores en las diversas disciplinas científicas, incluidas las matemáticas. Para mostrar estas hipótesis se analiza la dimensión axiológica de un momento importante de la historia de las matemáticas: el descubrimiento del cálculo diferencial e integral. Supuso la instauración de un nuevo valor institucional, el derecho de prioridad del primer descubridor, al que le subyacían valores no epistémicos. Asimismo, se muestra que la concepción kuhniana de los valores de la ciencia es más sensible a la naturalización axiológica que la de Laudan, para quien los valores epistémicos son los únicos relevantes para la filosofía de las prácticas científicas. It is not enough to naturalize epistemology: the main challenge of the philosophy of scientific practices is to naturalize the axiology of science. The same happens in the history of science. This deals usually with theories, hypotheses, observations, discoveries, experiments, instruments, publications and institutions, but it should also deal with the various assessment criteria that scientists use, including those criteria that become institutional norms. One thing is the epistemic changes and another the changes of values ​​in the various scientific disciplines, including mathematics. To show these hypotheses, the axiological dimension of an important moment in the history of mathematics is analyzed: the discovery of differential and integral calculus (Newton, Leibniz). A new institutional value was established: the right of priority of the first discoverer. The article shows also that the Kuhnian conception of the values ​​of science is more sensitive to axiological naturalization than that of Laudan, for whom epistemic values ​​are the only ones relevant to the philosophy of scientific practices.

文部科学省私立大学戦略的研究基盤形成支援事業

文部科学省私立大学学術研究高度化推進事業オープン・リサーチ・センター整備事業

The finding of P. falciparum chloroquine resistance (pfcrt) and P. falciparum multidrug resistance 1(pfmdr1) gene in P. falciparum has become an obstacle in treating malaria. The polymorphism between the two genes may result in molecular functions, in cellular components, or in biological processes. The objective of this research is to find similarities between the two genes in 3 components; cellular components, molecular functions and biological processes, based on Gene Ontology. the similarity will be counted semantically by path length approach with Wang m ethod. The range of similarity values is 0-1. After the similarity value examined; in Molecular Function the similarity is 1 due to the same drug transmembrane transporter activity, in Cellular Component is 0,714, the similarity only at the same vacuole food cells, and in Biological Processes is 1 due to the same proces in responding to drug. Therefore, this research proves both genes have similarities based on gene ontology.

文部科学省私立大学学術研究高度化推進事業オープン・リサーチ・センター整備事業