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In this study, dinuclear cobalt complexes (1 and 2) featuring bis(benzimidazole)pyrazolide-type ligands (H

Importance: People with chronic mental illness (CMI) are at high risk of poor cardiorespiratory fitness as a result of sedentary behavior and physical inactivity. Occupational therapy practitioners play a key role as advocates for positive lifestyle change for people with CMI. Objective: To determine the relationships between occupational therapy activities and cardiorespiratory fitness among inpatients with CMI. Design: This retrospective research included three phases: descriptive cohort, case–control, and cross-sectional studies. Setting: Psychiatric inpatient facility. Participants: Inpatients with CMI, ages 18 to 65 yr (N = 325). Outcomes and Measures: Data were collected over a 12-mo period. Each daily occupational therapy activity performed by participants was converted to energy expenditure (in kcal). Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by means of the 3-Minute Step Test. Results: After daily occupational therapy activities, significantly more participants increased cardiorespiratory fitness than declined (McNemar χ2 [1] = 29.18, p < .05). Prevocational activities and moderate- to high-intensity exercises met the optimal energy expenditure level (>352 kcal) necessary to achieve an increase in cardiorespiratory fitness. Conclusions and Relevance: Occupational therapists in psychiatric inpatient settings should prescribe individualized occupation-based or physical activities that meet the optimal daily energy expenditure for each client to improve their cardiorespiratory function. What This Article Adds: This study is one of the first attempts to explore cardiorespiratory fitness outcomes after daily occupational therapy activities for people with CMI. Physical benefits unfolded throughout psychiatric care, echoing the profession’s stance on holistic practice.

The utilization of earth-abundant low-toxicity metal ions in the construction of highly active and efficient molecular catalysts promoting the water oxidation reaction is important for developing a sustainable artificial energy cycle. However, the kinetic and thermodynamic properties of the currently available molecular water oxidation catalysts (MWOCs) have not been comprehensively investigated. This Review summarizes the current status of MWOCs based on first-row transition metals in terms of their turnover frequency (TOF, a kinetic property) and overpotential (η, a thermodynamic property) and uses the relationship between log(TOF) and η to assess catalytic performance. Furthermore, the effects of the same ligand classes on these MWOCs are discussed in terms of TOF and η, and vice versa. The collective analysis of these relationships provides a metric for the direct comparison of catalyst systems and identifying factors crucial for catalyst design.

In this study, a sub-class of microporous crystalline metal organic frameworks (MOFs) with zeolite-like configurations, i.e., zeolitic imidazolate frameworks of single node ZIF-67 and binary nodes ZIF-Co/Zn are used as the supports to develop Cu nanoparticles based nanocatalysts. Their catalytic activities are comparatively evaluated where Cu(x)@ZIF-Co/Zn exhibits better performances than Cu(x)@ZIF-67 in the reduction of synthetic dyes and nitroarenes. For instance, the Cu(0.25)@ZIF-Co/Zn catalyst shows an excellent reaction rate of 2.088 × 10−2 s−1 and an outstanding activity of 104.4 s−1 g cat − 1 for the reduction of methyl orange. The same catalyst also performs an exceptional catalytic activity in the hydrogenation of p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol with the activity of 216.5 s−1 g cat − 1 . A synergistic role of unique electronic properties rising from the direct contact of Cu NPs with the bimetallic nodes ZIF-Co/Zn, higher surface area of support, appropriate Cu loading and maintainable microporous frameworks with higher thermal and hydrolytic stability collectively enhances the catalytic activity of Cu(x)@ZIF-Co/Zn. Moreover, this catalyst shows excellent stability and recyclability, which can retain high conversion after reuse for 10 cycles.

Date Presented 04/05/19 A lower-extremity strengthening exercise (LESE) program addressing high-intensity interval training was designed to improve the lower limb function of people with chronic psychiatric disorders. This clinical control trial showed that the 16-week LESE program significantly increased clients' lower limb muscle strength and endurance. OTs working with the client population should include lower-extremity exercises as a preparatory task for supporting occupation-based activities. Primary Author and Speaker: Wan-Chi Hsu Additional Authors and Speakers: Eric Hwang Contributing Authors: Pei-Yun Wang, Shang-Liang Wu, Hui-Ling Lee

In electrochemical oxidations, the second oxidation potential of phenylenediamines (PD) varies because of hydrogen-bonding formation for PD(+•) with pyridines. A linear relationship was obtained for the potential shift as a function of pK(a) of the protonated pyridines and potential inversion could be observed. The oxidized PD(+•) could also form hydrogen bonding with alcohols and the shift of potential exhibits a different pattern.