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Background: Influenza is one of the major public health problems worldwide. Children are the high-risk group for influenza and the high-risk population with symptoms. Huashi Baidu(HSBD) Granules have played a great role in fighting against COVID-19. In recent decades, this recipe has also been applied by pediatricians to treat influenza, with remarkable curative effects. However, there is still a lack of high-quality evidence-based medical practice., Methods: This study was designed as a multi-center, randomized, parallel-controlled trial, with an estimated sample size of 520 children suffering from influenza with exterior-cold and interior-heat syndrome. All the enrolled children will be randomly assigned to a test group and a control group. Children in the test group were treated with Huashi Baidu Granules, and those in the control group were provided with Oseltamivir Phosphate Granules for intervention. The primary outcome measure was the time to clinical recovery, with the Chinese version of the Canadian Acute Respiratory Illness and Flu Scale (CARIFS) score measured at baseline and every 24 hours after treatment, which was evaluated at the endpoint of follow-up. The secondary outcome was the time to complete fever remission, scores of CARIFS symptom dimensions and the area under the curve with time, the incidence of complications/severe/critical influenza, the rate of single symptom disappearance, and the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes, which were recorded at baseline and after treatment, and evaluated at the end of treatment. Safety and endpoint events were evaluated at the same time., Conclusion: This study is intended to apply Huashi Baidu Granules to treat influenza with exterior-cold and interior-heat syndrome to identify the clinical efficacy and safety of this recipe. Simultaneously, our study will also discuss the characteristics of clinical syndrome in traditional Chinese medicine and syndrome distribution of influenza in the studied children.

Objective: To analyze PCCA and PCCB gene mutations in 10 Chinese patients with propionic acidemia(PA)., Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. The 39 exons and flanking sequences of the PCCA and PCCB genes were amplified with polymerase chain reaction and subjected to direct DNA sequencing., Results: DNA sequencing has revealed that 7 patients have carried a PCCA gene mutation, 2 patients carried PCCB gene mutation and 1 patient carried mutations in both PCCA and PCCB genes. Ten PA mutations were confirmed, including 8 affecting the PCCA gene and 2 affecting the PCCB gene. Three PCCA mutations c.245G>A, IVS15+5del5, c.1288C>T and 2 PCCB mutations c.838insC, c.1087T>C were found for the first time., Conclusion: Among Chinese patients with propionic acidemia patients, their genetic mutations are mainly found on the PCCA gene.

Objective: To identify the types of OTC gene mutations in three male patients with late onset ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD, MIM #311250)., Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. The 10 exons and their flanking sequences of the OTC gene were amplified with polymerase chain reaction and subjected to direct DNA sequencing., Results: Based on DNA sequence analysis, all of the three patients have carried OTC gene mutations. Patients 1 and 2 were both hemizygous for mutation c.586G> A(p.D196N). A novel mutation c.800G> C(p.S267T) were confirmed in patient 3., Conclusion: p.S267T mutation has affected the conserved amino acid motif of the OTC protein, and is therefore a pathogenic mutation.

Objective: To detect potential mutations of Y9ASS1, ASL and SLC25A13 genes in four patients manifesting citrullinemia., Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. Exons and their flanking sequences of the three genes were amplified with polymerase chain reaction and subjected to direct DNA sequencing., Results: Based on DNA sequence analysis, one case was diagnosed with argininosuccinate synthetase deficiency, and the mutation type (ASS1 gene) was c.236C>T (p.S79F) + c.431C>G (p.P144R). Two cases were diagnosed with argininosuccinic aciduria (ASL gene), and their gene mutations were c.434A>G (p.D145G) + c.1366C>T (p.R456W) and c.331C>T (p.R111W) + IVS8+2insT, respectively. A thirteen months boy who carried a heterozygous 851del4 mutation (SLC25A13 gene) was diagnosed with citrullinemia adult-onset type II., Conclusion: Through analysis of relevant pathogenic genes, four patients have been diagnosed.