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212 results on '"Walz, Paul H."'

1. Seroprevalence of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Wild Pigs (Sus scrofa) in 17 States in the USA.

Author

Kennedy, Shari M., Passler, Thomas, Ditchkoff, Stephen S., Brown, Vienna R., Raithel, Gage W., Chamorro, Manuel F., Walz, Paul H., Kyriakis, Constantinos S., and Falkenberg, Shollie M.

Abstract

Wild pigs (Sus scrofa) are among the most detrimental invasive species in the USA. They are damaging to crops and agriculture, pose a public health risk as reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens, and may also spread disease to livestock. One pathogen identified in wild pigs is bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), a virus that causes an economically important disease of cattle (Bos taurus and Bos indicus). We sought to determine the BVDV seroprevalence in wild pigs in 17 states across the US and to determine whether age category, sex, or location were associated with a positive antibody titer. Serum samples from 945 wild pigs were collected from 17 US states. Virus neutralization assays were performed to determine antibody titers against BVDV-1b and BVDV-2a. Total BVDV seroprevalence for the study area was 5.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.11-8.89). Seroprevalence across all evaluated states was determined to be 4.4% (95% CI, 2.48-6.82) for BVDV-1b and 3.6% (95% CI, 1.54-5.60) for BVDV-2a. The seroprevalence for individual states varied from 0% to 16.7%. There was no statistical difference in median antibody titer for BVDV-1b or BVDV-2a by sex or age category. State seroprevalences for both BVDV-1b and BVDV-2a were associated with wild pig population estimates for those states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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2. Intranasal booster vaccination of beef steers reduces clinical signs following experimental coinfection with BRSV and BHV-1 without reducing shedding of BRD-associated bacteria

Author

Martínez, David A., primary, Chamorro, Manuel F., additional, Passler, Thomas, additional, Huber, Laura, additional, Falkenberg, Shollie, additional, Walz, Paul H., additional, Thoresen, Merrilee, additional, Raithel, Gage, additional, Silvis, Scott, additional, Dimitrov, Kiril M., additional, Stockler, Ricardo, additional, and Woolums, Amelia R., additional

Published
2024
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4. Theileria orientalis Ikeda in Cattle, Alabama, USA

Author

Iduu, Nneka, primary, Barua, Subarna, additional, Falkenberg, Shollie, additional, Armstrong, Chance, additional, Stockler, Jenna Workman, additional, Moye, Annie, additional, Walz, Paul H., additional, and Wang, Chengming, additional

Published
2023
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7. List of contributors

Author

Baird, A.N., primary, Bayne, Jenna E., additional, Brown, Kenneth R., additional, Cebra, Chris, additional, Cebra, Margaret, additional, Chamorro, Manuel F., additional, Dawson, Lionel J., additional, Edmondson, Misty A., additional, Fajt, Virginia R., additional, Fish, Eric J., additional, Gurung, Nar Kaji, additional, Jones, Meredyth, additional, McMullen Jr., Richard J., additional, Miesner, Matt, additional, Merkel, Roger, additional, Newcomer, Benjamin W., additional, Newhard, Daniel K., additional, Passler, Thomas, additional, Plummer, Paul J., additional, Pope, Jenny, additional, Pugh, David G., additional, Reppert, Emily, additional, Rush, Jessica, additional, Shipley, Clifford F., additional, Starkey, Lindsay A., additional, Still Brooks, Kelly M., additional, Stockler, Jenna Workman, additional, Stockler, Ricardo M., additional, Taylor, Sandra D., additional, Walz, Heather, additional, Walz, Paul H., additional, and Weil, Ann B., additional

Published
2021
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13. Local and Systemic Antibody Responses in Beef Calves Vaccinated with a Modified-Live Virus Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV) Vaccine at Birth following BRSV Infection

Author

Martínez, David A., primary, Chamorro, Manuel F., additional, Passler, Thomas, additional, Huber, Laura, additional, Walz, Paul H., additional, Thoresen, Merrilee, additional, Raithel, Gage, additional, Silvis, Scott, additional, Stockler, Ricardo, additional, and Woolums, Amelia R., additional

Published
2022
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14. The titers, duration, and residual clinical protection of passively transferred nasal and serum antibodies are similar among beef calves that nursed colostrum from vaccinated or unvaccinated dams and were challenged experimentally with bovine respiratory syncytial virus at three months of age

Author

Martínez, David A., primary, Chamorro, Manuel F., additional, Passler, Thomas, additional, Huber, Laura, additional, Walz, Paul H., additional, Thoresen, Merrilee, additional, Raithel, Gage, additional, Silvis, Scott, additional, Stockler, Ricardo, additional, and Woolums, Amelia R., additional

Published
2022
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16. Local and Systemic Antibody Responses in Beef Calves Vaccinated with a Modified-Live Virus Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV) Vaccine at Birth following BRSV Infection.

Author

Martínez, David A., Chamorro, Manuel F., Passler, Thomas, Huber, Laura, Walz, Paul H., Thoresen, Merrilee, Raithel, Gage, Silvis, Scott, Stockler, Ricardo, and Woolums, Amelia R.

Subjects
MATERNALLY acquired immunity, IMMUNOGLOBULINS, RESPIRATORY syncytial virus, ANTIBODY formation, CALVES, VACCINE effectiveness, ANTIBODY titer
Abstract

Simple Summary: Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is a common cause of respiratory disease in calves. Vaccination of young calves against BRSV is a common prevention strategy; however, antibodies derived from maternal colostrum interfere with vaccine response and efficacy in young calves. The objective of this study was to determine if vaccination before colostrum absorption results in the effective induction of immune responses and clinical protection in calves. Within 6 h of birth, beef calves were assigned to 2 different treatment groups. Group Vacc (n = 25) was vaccinated with a modified-live virus (MLV) intranasal (IN) BRSV vaccine. Group Control (n = 25) remained unvaccinated. At approximately 3 months of age, calves were experimentally infected with BRSV. Immune responses and viral shedding were evaluated before and after infection. Respiratory signs before and after infection as well as viral shedding were similar between Vacc and Control calves. Local and systemic antibody responses were similar and suggested natural BRSV exposure before experimental infection. Based on the results from this study, early vaccination does not provide advantages for the clinical protection of calves from endemic BRSV farms. Maternal antibodies interfere with BRSV vaccine responses and efficacy in young calves. The objective of this study was to determine if vaccination before the complete absorption of colostral antibodies results in adequate immune priming and clinical protection of beef calves. Within 6 h of life, calves were randomly assigned to 2 different treatment groups. Group Vacc (n = 25) received a single dose of a modified-live virus (MLV) BRSV vaccine intranasally (IN) and group Control (n = 25) received 2 mL of 0.9% saline IN. At approximately 3 months of age, all calves were experimentally challenged with BRSV. Serum and nasal secretion samples were collected before and after challenge for BRSV real-time RT-PCR and antibody testing. Respiratory signs were not observed before challenge. After challenge, respiratory scores were similar between groups. On the challenge day, >40% of calves in each group were febrile. The mean serum and nasal BRSV-specific antibody titers indicated natural BRSV exposure before the experimental challenge in both groups. All calves tested positive for BRSV and had a similar duration of shedding after challenge. Based on these results, vaccination at birth does not offer advantages for immune priming or clinical protection for beef calves in BRSV-endemic cow-calf herds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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23. Effect of vaccination of beef cows during gestation on transfer of passive immunity and clinical protection of calves against experimental challenge with BRSV

Author

Chamorro, Manuel F., Martinez, David, Woolums, Amelia, Stockler, Ricardo, Passler, Thomas, Silvis, Scott, Raithel, Gage, and Walz, Paul H.

Subjects
biology, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, food and beverages, Bovine respiratory disease, Passive immunity, medicine.disease, Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex, Vaccination, Pneumonia, Immunity, Immunology, medicine, biology.protein, Gestation, Antibody, business
Abstract

The bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) is the leading cause of death of beef calves older than 3 weeks of age and causes major economic losses to producers (USDA NAHMS Beef Part IV. 2007-2008). The bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is an important cause of respiratory disease in young calves. Clinical protection against BRSV provided by vaccination of young calves at different ages and with different levels of maternal antibodies has not resulted in significant reduction of BRDC-associated morbidity and mortality (Theurer et al, J Am Vet Med Assoc, 2015). Clinical protection provided by maternally derived immunity against BRSV has been inconsistent in the literature and could negatively affect the efficacy of vaccination programs in young calves (Ellis et al, Can Vet J, 2014). In contrast, failure in the transfer of passive immunity and rapid decay of colostral antibodies have been suggested as risk factors of pre-weaning beef calf pneumonia (Smith DR, Anim Health Res Rev, 2014). The objective of this study was to determine if vaccination of beef cows during gestation resulted in greater transfer of BRSV-specific maternal immunity and provided prolonged clinical protection of calves against experimental challenge with BRSV., American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2020

Published
2020
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24. Supplementary_material – Supplemental material for Detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus in stable flies following consumption of blood from persistently infected cattle

Author

Carlson, Jaden M., Ley, Brian L. Vander, Lee, Sang I., Grotelueschen, Dale M., Walz, Paul H., Workman, Aspen M., Heaton, Michael P., and Boxler, David J.

Subjects
70706 Veterinary Medicine, FOS: Clinical medicine, FOS: Veterinary sciences, education, humanities, 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Abstract

Supplemental material, Supplementary_material for Detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus in stable flies following consumption of blood from persistently infected cattle by Jaden M. Carlson, Brian L. Vander Ley, Sang I. Lee, Dale M. Grotelueschen, Paul H. Walz, Aspen M. Workman, Michael P. Heaton and David J. Boxler in Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation

Published
2020
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25. Changes introduced in the open reading frame of bovine viral diarrhea virus during serial infection of pregnant swine

Author

Kuca, Thibaud, Passler, Thomas, Newcomer, Benjamin W, Neill, John D, Galik, Patricia K, Riddell, Kay P, Zhang, Yijing, Bayles, Darrell O, Walz, Paul H, Kuca, Thibaud, Passler, Thomas, Newcomer, Benjamin W, Neill, John D, Galik, Patricia K, Riddell, Kay P, Zhang, Yijing, Bayles, Darrell O, and Walz, Paul H

Abstract

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is one of the most economically important viruses of cattle, but this pathogen is also able to infect pigs, camelids, and a wide range of domestic and wild ruminants. BVDV isolates circulating in animal populations are genetically and antigenically highly diverse. Acute BVDV infections in cattle cause the introduction of many substitutions in the viral genome. Serial infection of pregnant sheep with a BVDV-1b isolate of bovine origin was also associated with great numbers of substitutions. To our knowledge, genomic changes arising during BVDV infections in swine have not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes occurring in the open reading frame (ORF) of BVDV during serial infection of pregnant swine with a BVDV isolate of bovine origin. The BVDV-1b isolate AU526 was serially passaged in six pregnant gilts, two of which gave birth to live piglets congenitally infected with BVDV. The complete ORF sequences of 14 BVDV isolates obtained from pregnant gilts and their piglets were determined. Their analysis revealed that serial transmission of AU526 in pregnant swine resulted in many genomic changes. All isolates of porcine origin shared 32 nucleotide and 12 amino acid differences with the virus inoculum AU526. These changes were detected after a single passage in pregnant swine and were conserved during the subsequent five passages. Amino acid changes occurred primarily in genomic regions encoding the BVDV structural proteins E2 and E rns . These results suggest that BVDV infections in pregnant swine may contribute significantly to the genetic variability of BVDV and lead to the appearance of adaptive changes.

Published
2020

28. Multimodal imaging of bacterial-host interface in mice and piglets with Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis

Author

Panizzi, Peter, primary, Krohn-Grimberghe, Marvin, additional, Keliher, Edmund, additional, Ye, Yu-Xiang, additional, Grune, Jana, additional, Frodermann, Vanessa, additional, Sun, Yuan, additional, Muse, Charlotte G., additional, Bushey, Kaitlyn, additional, Iwamoto, Yoshiko, additional, van Leent, Mandy M. T., additional, Meerwaldt, Anu, additional, Toner, Yohana C., additional, Munitz, Jazz, additional, Maier, Alexander, additional, Soultanidis, Georgios, additional, Calcagno, Claudia, additional, Pérez-Medina, Carlos, additional, Carlucci, Giuseppe, additional, Riddell, Kay P., additional, Barney, Sharron, additional, Horne, Glenn, additional, Anderson, Brian, additional, Maddur-Appajaiah, Ashoka, additional, Verhamme, Ingrid M., additional, Bock, Paul E., additional, Wojtkiewicz, Gregory R., additional, Courties, Gabriel, additional, Swirski, Filip K., additional, Church, William R., additional, Walz, Paul H., additional, Tillson, D. Michael, additional, Mulder, Willem J. M., additional, and Nahrendorf, Matthias, additional

Published
2020
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31. Contributors

Author

(Nickie) Baird, A.N., primary, Baird, Debra K., additional, Boileau, Melanie J., additional, Bychawski, Stan, additional, Caldwell, Fred, additional, Cebra, Christopher, additional, Cebra, Margaret, additional, Christian, John A., additional, Coffman, Elizabeth A., additional, Edmondson, Misty A., additional, Fajt, Virginia R., additional, Gilmour, Margi A., additional, Johnson, Jason W., additional, Jones, Meredyth, additional, Kaplan, Ray M., additional, Lin, Hui-Chu, additional, Miesner, Matt D., additional, Miller, James E., additional, Mobini, Seyedmehdi, additional, Nagy, Dusty W., additional, Navarre, Christine B., additional, Passler, Thomas, additional, Plummer, Cassandra, additional, Plummer, Paul J., additional, Pugh, D.G., additional, Rankins, Darrell L., additional, Reilly, Laura K., additional, Roberson, Jerry R., additional, Roberts, John F., additional, Scharko, Patty, additional, Still, Kelly M., additional, Taylor, Debra, additional, Walz, Paul H., additional, and Whitlock, Brian K., additional

Published
2012
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33. Contributors

Author

Abrahamsen, Eric J., primary, Anderson, David E., additional, Apley, Michael D., additional, Catherine Barr, A., additional, Belknap, Ellen B., additional, Berchtold, Joachim F., additional, Bowen, Joan S., additional, Colitz, Carmen M.H., additional, Collins, Michael T., additional, Confer, Anthony W., additional, Connolly, Maren J., additional, Constable, Peter D., additional, Corbin, Marilyn J., additional, Craig, Thomas M., additional, Davidson, Harriet J., additional, Desrochers, André, additional, Doherty, Thomas J., additional, Dubreuil, Pascal, additional, Edmondson, Misty A., additional, Erskine, Ronald J., additional, Ewoldt, Jennifer Ivany, additional, Fajt, Virginia R., additional, Fecteau, Gilles, additional, Fecteau, Marie-Eve, additional, Fleming, Sherrill, additional, Francoz, David, additional, Friedman, Deborah S., additional, Fulton, Robert W., additional, Garry, Franklyn B., additional, Gehring, Ronette, additional, George, Lisle W., additional, Gerloff, Brian J., additional, Gionfriddo, Juliet R., additional, Goff, Jesse P., additional, Gordon, Janey L., additional, Griffin, Dee, additional, Grünberg, Walter, additional, Herdt, Thomas H., additional, Mark Hilton, W., additional, Hollis, Larry C., additional, House, John, additional, Hull, Bruce L., additional, Hungerford, Laura L., additional, Johnson, Bradley J., additional, Jones, Meredyth L., additional, Joshi, Nanda P., additional, Kaplan, Ray M., additional, Karreman, Hubert J., additional, Kasari, Thomas R., additional, Kersting, Karl W., additional, Laflin, Shelie, additional, Lakritz, Jeffrey, additional, Larson, Robert L., additional, Locatelli, Lynn, additional, Maxwell, Herris S., additional, Meurs, Kathryn M., additional, Miesner, Matt D., additional, Miller, Paul E., additional, Mohler, Virginia L., additional, Mulon, Pierre-Yves, additional, Navarre, Christine B., additional, Naylor, Jonathan M., additional, Newman, Kenneth D., additional, Nichols, Sylvain, additional, Niehaus, Andrew, additional, Noffsinger, Tom, additional, Norby, Bo, additional, Nuss, Karl, additional, Oetzel, Garrett R., additional, Osterstock, Jason, additional, Parent, Joane, additional, Peek, Simon F., additional, Phillip Pickett, J., additional, Pugh, David G., additional, Randle, Richard F., additional, Reinhardt, Christopher D., additional, Gatz Riddell., M., additional, Michael Rings, D., additional, Rodning, Soren P., additional, Rosenbusch, Ricardo F., additional, Roth, James A., additional, Roussel, Allen J., additional, Saif, Linda J., additional, Sanderson, Michael W., additional, Schulz, Kara, additional, Shearer, Jan K., additional, Smith, David R., additional, Smith, Geoffrey, additional, Snyder, Joe, additional, Glenn Songer, J., additional, Steiner, Adrian, additional, Step, Douglas L., additional, Streeter, Robert N., additional, Sweeney, Raymond W., additional, Thompson, James R., additional, Thomson, Daniel U., additional, Valverde, Alexander, additional, Van Amstel, Sarel R., additional, Van Metre, David C., additional, Van Saun, Robert J., additional, Wagner, Sarah A., additional, Walz, Paul H., additional, Washburn, Kevin E., additional, White, Brad J., additional, Whitlock, Brian K., additional, Whitlock, Robert H., additional, Whittier, William Dee, additional, Wilborn, Robyn, additional, and Wolfe, Dwight, additional

Published
2009
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42. A descriptive analysis of the commensal luminal and mucosaI microbiome of the duodenum using a cannulated calf model

Author

Stockler, Ricardo M., Groover, Erin S., Newcomer, Benjamin W., and Walz, Paul H.

Subjects
medicine.anatomical_structure, Host (biology), medicine, Duodenum, Lumen (anatomy), Microbiome, Biology, medicine.disease, digestive system, Dysbiosis, Gastrointestinal infections, Gut microbiome, Microbiology
Abstract

The gut microbiome provides important metabolic functions for the host animal. Bacterial dysbiosis as a result of bacterial, viral, and parasitic gastrointestinal infections can adversely affect the metabolism, productivity, and overall health. The objective of this study is to characterize the commensal microbiome present in the lumen and the epimural surface of the duodenum of cattle, as we hypothesize that due to metabolic processes and/ or host proprieties, there are differences in the natural microbiota present in the epimural surface and luminal contents of the bovine duodenum., American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2016

Published
2016
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46. Comparison of 2 synchronization protocols in conjunction with delayed insemination in non-responders using sexed semen in beef heifers

Author

Newcomer, Benjamin W., Armstrong, Chance L., Riddell, Kay P., Edmondson, Misty A., and Walz, Paul H.

Subjects
endocrine system, animal structures, urogenital system, animal diseases, reproductive and urinary physiology
Abstract

The objective of this study was to compare estrus synchronization and fixed-timed artificial insemination (FTAI) protocols in commercial beef heifers to be bred with sexed semen. Secondly, the trial evaluated the benefit of delaying insemination for 24 hours in heifers not demonstrating estrous activity following synchronization and prior to FTAI., American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015

Published
2015
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