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11. Development of gene probes to P virus (Reoviridae) for disease diagnosis in crustaceans

Author

Walton, Alison and Smith, Valerie

Subjects
595.3, QL445.2W2, Crustacea—Physiology
Abstract

This study reports the development of two important techniques, gene probes and haemocyte cultures that have not been previously available to investigate viral diseases in temperate water marine decapods. These techniques were used to investigate numerous aspects of a reovirus infection of the swimming crab Liocarcinus depurator, P virus, both in vivo and in vitro. The construction and subsequent use of a gene probe has revealed that, not only can virus be experimentally transmitted to L. depurator by injection, but that it is present in natural populations of crabs from the North Sea. Seasonal variation in both incidence of P infection and in incubation time was observed. The incidence of infection increased with increasing temperature whereas incubation time decreased with increasing temperature. In vivo, P virus was found to cause marked haemocytopenia in infected L. depurator and a cytopathic effect, vacuolisation of haemocytes was observed. This effect was not observed in the haemocytes of the shore crab, Carcinus maenas, providing evidence that P virus does not infect this species. To address the lack of techniques for in vitro studies, a cell culture system for crustacean haemocytes was developed. Primary culture of two haemocyte types, hyaline and semi-granular haemocytes was established for haemocytes of both L. depurator and C. maenas. High haemocyte viability was obtained for at least two weeks and, cells retained their functional capabilities in vitro. Having successfully established a haemocyte culture system and the gene probe E2b, it was then possible to begin investigations on P virus infections in vitro. P virus produced a number of effects on haemocytes of L. depurator in vitro. Haemocyte number and haemocyte viability decreased after addition of P virus and a number of cytopathic effects were observed such as necrosis, pycnosis and vacuolisation.

Published
1999

13. Protocol for an effectiveness- implementation hybrid trial to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an m-health intervention to decrease the consumption of discretionary foods packed in school lunchboxes: the ‘SWAP IT’ trial

Author

Sutherland, Rachel, Brown, Alison, Nathan, Nicole, Janssen, Lisa, Reynolds, Renee, Walton, Alison, Hudson, Nayerra, Chooi, Amelia, Yoong, Serene, Wiggers, John, Bailey, Andrew, Evans, Nicole, Gillham, Karen, Oldmeadow, Christopher, Searles, Andrew, Reeves, Penny, Rissel, Chris, Davies, Marc, Reilly, Kathryn, Cohen, Brad, McCallum, Tim, and Wolfenden, Luke

Published
2019
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15. Egg production survey estimates of spawning stock biomass of cod, haddock and plaice in the Irish Sea: 1995, 2000, 2006, 2008 and 2010

Author

Armstrong, Mike, Aldridge, John, Beggs, Steven, Goodsir, Freya, Greenwood, Lorraine, Maxwell, David, Milligan, Steve, Praël, Angelika, Roslyn, Sam, Taylor, Natasha, Walton, Alison, Warren, Elaine, and Witthames, Peter

Subjects
Fisheries and aquaculture, Celtic Seas (ICES Ecoregion)
Abstract

This Working Document summarises the results of applications of the Annual Egg Production Method (Armstrong et al. 2001, Armstrong and Witthames 2012) to estimate spawning stock biomass of cod and plaice in the Irish Sea in 1995, 2000, 2006, 2008 and 2010, and haddock in 2006, 2008 and 2010. This work is conducted jointly between Cefas and AFBI (Belfast). The Marine Institute (Galway) assisted with fecundity estimates in surveys up to 2008.

Published
2023
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24. Enhancing the potential effects of text messages delivered via an m-health intervention to improve packing of healthy school lunchboxes

Author

Brown, Alison, primary, Sutherland, Rachel, additional, Janssen, Lisa, additional, Hudson, Nayerra, additional, Chooi, Amelia, additional, Reynolds, Renee, additional, Walton, Alison, additional, Lecathelinais, Christophe, additional, Reilly, Kathryn, additional, Nathan, Nicole, additional, and Wolfenden, Luke, additional

Published
2020
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26. A cross-sectional study to determine the energy density and nutritional quality of primary-school children’s lunchboxes

Author

Sutherland, Rachel, primary, Nathan, Nicole, additional, Brown, Alison, additional, Yoong, Serene, additional, Reynolds, Renee, additional, Walton, Alison, additional, Janssen, Lisa, additional, Desmet, Clare, additional, Lecathelinais, Christophe, additional, Gillham, Karen, additional, Herrmann, Vanessa, additional, and Wolfenden, Luke, additional

Published
2020
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27. A randomized controlled trial to assess the potential efficacy, feasibility and acceptability of an m-health intervention targeting parents of school aged children to improve the nutritional quality of foods packed in the lunchbox ‘SWAP IT’

Author

Sutherland, Rachel, primary, Nathan, Nicole, additional, Brown, Alison, additional, Yoong, Serene, additional, Finch, Meghan, additional, Lecathelinais, Christophe, additional, Reynolds, Renee, additional, Walton, Alison, additional, Janssen, Lisa, additional, Desmet, Clare, additional, Gillham, Karen, additional, Herrmann, Vanessa, additional, Hall, Alix, additional, Wiggers, John, additional, and Wolfenden, Luke, additional

Published
2019
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30. Enhancing the potential effects of text messages delivered via an m-health intervention to improve packing of healthy school lunchboxes.

Author

Brown, Alison, Sutherland, Rachel, Janssen, Lisa, Hudson, Nayerra, Chooi, Amelia, Reynolds, Renee, Walton, Alison, Lecathelinais, Christophe, Reilly, Kathryn, Nathan, Nicole, and Wolfenden, Luke

Subjects
RESEARCH, RESEARCH methodology, MEDICAL cooperation, EVALUATION research, COMPARATIVE studies, SCHOOLS, TEXT messages, TELEMEDICINE, HEALTH promotion, PARENTS
Abstract

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of different lunchbox messages on parents' intention to pack a healthy lunchbox.Design: This study employed an experimental design.Setting: A series of messages were developed to align with the six constructs of the Health Belief Model. Messages were also developed that were (and were not) personalised and varied based on the source of the information provided (university, school, dietitian and health promotion service). During a telephone survey, participants were read the content of each message and asked about their intention to pack a healthy lunchbox.Participants: Parents of primary school-aged children were randomised to receive different messages to encourage the packing of healthy lunchboxes.Results: The study was completed by 511 parents. Linear mixed regression analyses identified significant differences (P < 0·05) in intention scores between variant messages targeting the same behavioural constructs for 'susceptibility', 'severity', 'benefits' and 'barriers' but not 'cues to action' or 'self-efficacy'. The highest mean behavioural intention score was for 'benefits', whilst the lowest mean score was for 'barriers'. There were no significant differences in intention scores of parents receiving messages from a dietitian, university, health promotion team or school (P = 0·37). Intention scores did not differ in which messages were personalised based on child's name (P = 0·84) or grade level (P = 0·54).Conclusions: The findings suggest that messages that focus on the benefits of packing healthy lunchboxes may be particularly useful in improving intentions of parents to pack healthy foods for their children to consume at school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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36. Survey of pharmacist-managed primary care clinics using healthcare failure mode and effect analysis

Author

Vincent, Ashley H., Gonzalvo, Jasmine D., Ramsey, Darin C., Walton, Alison M., Weber, Zachary A., and Wilhoite, Jessica E.

Subjects
Análisis de Sistemas, Systems Analysis, Gestión Total de la Calidad, Pharmaceutical Services, Estados Unidos, Prestación de Atención de Salud, Delivery of Health Care, United States, Total Quality Management, Servicios Farmacéuticos
Abstract

Objectives: The primary objective was to expand upon results of a previously piloted patient perception survey with Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (HFMEA), to identify areas within pharmacist-managed clinics needing improvement. Methods: The survey was adapted for use in pharmacist-managed clinics. Patients completed the survey following regularly scheduled pharmacist appointments. Data were analyzed with a method adapted from HFMEA. Product scores could range from five to 25. A product of five indicates that pharmacists are doing a good job on the items that patients place the most value on, while a product score of 25 indicates that pharmacists are doing a poor job. A score greater than or equal to ten was used to identify areas for improvement. Results: Seventy-one patients completed surveys. Thirteen components were assessed and no item achieved a mean product greater than or equal to ten. The survey item with the highest mean product pertained to discussion of potential medication side effects (mean: 7.06; interquartile range: 5-10). Analysis of each survey item found that all survey items had multiple individual responses that provided a product score of greater than or equal to ten. The survey items most frequently listed in the overall population as being most valued were "Told you the name of each of your medicines and what they are used for", "Answered your questions fully," and "Explained what your medicines do". Conclusions: Educational components provided during pharmacist-managed clinic appointments are aligned with patients´ needs and are successfully incorporating the components that patients value highly in a patient-healthcare provider interaction. The HFMEA model can be an important teaching tool to identify specific processes in need of improvement and to help enhance pharmacists´ self-efficacy, which may further improve patient care. Objetivos: El objetivo primario fue profundizar sobre los resultados de un cuestionario pre-pilotado de percepciones de los pacientes con el análisis de modos y efectos de fallos en salud (HFMEA) para identificar áreas en las que las consultas de farmacéuticas necesitan mejorar. Métodos: El cuestionario fue adaptado para su uso en consultas farmacéuticas. Los pacientes cubrieron el cuestionario después de las citas farmacéuticas acordadas. Los datos se analizaron usando un método adaptado del HFMEA. Las puntuaciones de producto podían oscilar de 5 a 25. Un producto de 5 indicaba que el farmacéutico estaba realizando un buen trabajo en los ítems que el paciente valorizaba más, mientras que una puntuación de 25 indicaba que el farmacéutico estaba haciendo un mal trabajo. Se utilizaron las puntuaciones de 10 o más para identificar áreas de mejoría. Resultados: 71 pacientes completaron cuestionarios. Se evaluaron 33 componentes y ningún ítem alcanzó un producto medio mayor o igual a 10. El punto de la encuesta que alcanzó la media más alta trataba de la discusión de los potenciales efectos secundarios de la medicación (media: 7.06; rango intercuartilico: 5-10). El análisis de cada ítem del cuestionario encontró que todos los ítems tenían varias respuestas individuales que proporcionaban una puntuación igual o mayor de 10. Los ítems más frecuentemente considerados por la población total como siendo los más valorados fueron "le dijo el nombre de todos sus medicamentos y para que se usan", "respondió completamente sus preguntas" y "explico lo que hacen los medicamentos". Conclusiones: Los componentes educativos proporcionados en las visitas a las consultas farmacéuticas se alinean con las necesidades de los pacientes e incorporan con éxito los componentes que los pacientes valoran más en la interacción paciente-profesional de la salud. El modelo HFMEA puede ser una importante herramienta educativa para identificar procesos específicos que necesitan mejorar y para ayudar a aumentar la auto-eficacia de los farmacéuticos, lo que podrá en el futuro mejorar la atención a pacientes.

Published
2013

37. Survey of pharmacist-managed primary care clinics using healthcare failure mode and effect analysis

Author

Vincent,Ashley H., Gonzalvo,Jasmine D., Ramsey,Darin C., Walton,Alison M., Weber,Zachary A., and Wilhoite,Jessica E.

Subjects
Systems Analysis, Pharmaceutical Services, education, Delivery of Health Care, United States, Total Quality Management
Abstract

Objectives: The primary objective was to expand upon results of a previously piloted patient perception survey with Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (HFMEA), to identify areas within pharmacist-managed clinics needing improvement. Methods: The survey was adapted for use in pharmacist-managed clinics. Patients completed the survey following regularly scheduled pharmacist appointments. Data were analyzed with a method adapted from HFMEA. Product scores could range from five to 25. A product of five indicates that pharmacists are doing a good job on the items that patients place the most value on, while a product score of 25 indicates that pharmacists are doing a poor job. A score greater than or equal to ten was used to identify areas for improvement. Results: Seventy-one patients completed surveys. Thirteen components were assessed and no item achieved a mean product greater than or equal to ten. The survey item with the highest mean product pertained to discussion of potential medication side effects (mean: 7.06; interquartile range: 5-10). Analysis of each survey item found that all survey items had multiple individual responses that provided a product score of greater than or equal to ten. The survey items most frequently listed in the overall population as being most valued were "Told you the name of each of your medicines and what they are used for", "Answered your questions fully," and "Explained what your medicines do". Conclusions: Educational components provided during pharmacist-managed clinic appointments are aligned with patients´ needs and are successfully incorporating the components that patients value highly in a patient-healthcare provider interaction. The HFMEA model can be an important teaching tool to identify specific processes in need of improvement and to help enhance pharmacists´ self-efficacy, which may further improve patient care.

Published
2013

38. Student-generated e-learning for clinical education.

Author

Isaacs, Alex N, Nisly, Sarah, and Walton, Alison

Subjects
MOBILE learning, MEDICAL education, INSTRUCTIONAL materials development, TEACHER effectiveness, PHARMACY students
Abstract

Background Within clinical education, e-learning facilitates a standardised learning experience to augment the clinical experience while enabling learner and teacher flexibility. With the shift of students from consumers to creators, student-generated content is expanding within higher education; however, there is sparse literature evaluating the impact of student-developed e-learning within clinical education. The aim of this study was to implement and evaluate a student-developed e-learning clinical module series within ambulatory care clinical pharmacy experiences. Methods Three clinical e-learning modules were developed by students for use prior to clinical experiences. E-learning modules were created by fourth-year professional pharmacy students and reviewed by pharmacy faculty members. A pre-/post-assessment was performed to evaluate knowledge comprehension before and after participating in the e-learning modules. Additionally, a survey on student perceptions of this educational tool was performed at the end of the clinical experience. Results Of the 31 students eligible for study inclusion, 94 per cent participated in both the pre- and post-assessments. The combined post-assessment score was significantly improved after participating in the student-developed e-learning modules (p = 0.008). The student perception survey demonstrated positive perceptions of e-learning within clinical education. Discussion Student-generated e-learning was able to enhance knowledge and was positively perceived by learners. As e-learning continues to expand within health sciences education, students can be incorporated into the development and execution of this educational tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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39. Survey of Pharmacist-Managed Primary Care Clinics Using Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (HFMEA)

Author

Vincent, Ashley H, Gonzalvo, Jasmine D, Ramsey, Darin C, Walton, Alison M, Weber, Zachary A, Wilhoite, Jessica E, Vincent, Ashley H, Gonzalvo, Jasmine D, Ramsey, Darin C, Walton, Alison M, Weber, Zachary A, and Wilhoite, Jessica E

Abstract

Objectives: The primary objective was to expand upon results of a previously piloted patient perception survey with Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (HFMEA), to identify areas within pharmacist-managed clinics needing improvement.Methods: The survey was adapted for use in pharmacist-managed clinics. Patients completed the survey following regularly scheduled pharmacist appointments. Data were analyzed with a method adapted from HFMEA. Product scores could range from five to 25. A product of five indicates that pharmacists are doing a good job on the items that patients place the most value on, while a product score of 25 indicates that pharmacists are doing a poor job. A score greater than or equal to ten was used to identify areas for improvement. Results: Seventy-one patients completed surveys. Thirteen components were assessed and no item achieved a mean product greater than or equal to ten. The survey item with the highest mean product pertained to discussion of potential medication side effects (mean: 7.06; interquartile range: 5-10). Analysis of each survey item found that all survey items had multiple individual responses that provided a product score of greater than or equal to ten. The survey items most frequently listed in the overall population as being most valued were “Told you the name of each of your medicines and what they are used for”, “Answered your questions fully,” and “Explained what your medicines do”.Conclusions: Educational components provided during pharmacist-managed clinic appointments are aligned with patients’ needs and are successfully incorporating the components that patients value highly in a patient-healthcare provider interaction. The HFMEA model can be an important teaching tool to identify specific processes in need of improvement and to help enhance pharmacists’ self-efficacy, which may further improve patient care.

Published
2013

42. Immersion Questionnaire

Author

Jennett, Charlene, primary, Cox, Anna L., additional, Cairns, Paul, additional, Dhoparee, Samira, additional, Epps, Andrew, additional, Tijs, Tim, additional, and Walton, Alison, additional

Published
2008
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