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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th IAPR-TC-15 International Workshop on Graph-Based Representations in Pattern Recognition, GbRPR 2013, held in Vienna, Austria, in May 2013. The 24 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 27 submissions. They are organized in topical sections named: finding subregions in graphs; graph matching; classification; graph kernels; properties of graphs; topology; graph representations, segmentation and shape; and search in graphs.

Graph-based representation of images is becoming a popular tool since it represents in a compact way the structure of a scene to be analyzed and allows for an easy manipulation of sub-parts or of relationships between parts. Therefore, it is widely used to control the different levels from segmentation to interpretation. The 14 papers in this volume are grouped in the following subject areas: hypergraphs, recognition and detection, matching, segmentation, implementation problems, representation.

Computer Vision is a rapidly growing field of research investigating computational and algorithmic issues associated with image acquisition, processing, and understanding. It serves tasks like manipulation, recognition, mobility, and communication in diverse application areas such as manufacturing, robotics, medicine, security and virtual reality. This volume contains a selection of papers devoted to theoretical foundations of computer vision covering a broad range of fields, e.g. motion analysis, discrete geometry, computational aspects of vision processes, models, morphology, invariance, image compression, 3D reconstruction of shape. Several issues have been identified to be of essential interest to the community: non-linear operators; the transition between continuous to discrete representations; a new calculus of non-orthogonal partially dependent systems.

Computer vision solutions used to be very specific and difficult to adapt to different or even unforeseen situations. The current development is calling for simple to use yet robust applications that could be employed in various situations. This trend requires the reassessment of some theoretical issues in computer vision. A better general understanding of vision processes, new insights and better theories are needed. The papers selected from the conference staged in Dagstuhl in 1996 to gather scientists from the West and the former eastern-block countries address these goals and cover such fields as 2D images (scale space, morphology, segmentation, neural networks, Hough transform, texture, pyramids), recovery of 3-D structure (shape from shading, optical flow, 3-D object recognition) and how vision is integrated into a larger task-driven framework (hand-eye calibration, navigation, perception-action cycle).

The two volume set LNCS 6854/6855 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns, CAIP 2011, which took place in Seville, Spain, August 29-31, 2011. The 138 papers presented together with 2 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 286 submissions. The papers are organized in topical section on: motion analysis, image and shape models, segmentation and grouping, shape recovery, kernel methods, medical imaging, structural pattern recognition, Biometrics, image and video processing, calibration; and tracking and stereo vision.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th Iberoamerican Congress on Pattern Recognition, CIARP 2008, held in Havana, Cuba, in September 2008. The 93 revised full papers presented together with 3 keynote articles were carefully reviewed and selected from 182 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on signal analysis for characterization and filtering, analysis of shape and texture, analysis of speech and language, data mining, clustering of images and documents, statistical pattern recognition, classification and description of objects, classification and edition, geometric image analysis, neural networks, computer vision, image coding, associative memories and neural networks, interpolation and video tracking, images analysis, music and speech analysis, as well as classifier combination and document filtering.

The refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns are presented in this volume. The papers cover motion detection and tracking, medical imaging, biometrics, color, curves and surfaces beyond two dimensions, reading characters, words and lines, image segmentation, shape, image registration and matching, signal decomposition and invariants, and features and classification.

It is both an honor and a pleasure to hold the 27th Annual Meeting of the German Association for Pattern Recognition, DAGM 2005, at the Vienna U- versity of Technology, Austria, organized by the Pattern Recognition and Image Processing (PRIP) Group. We received 122 contributions of which we were able to accept 29 as oral presentations and 31 as posters. Each paper received three reviews, upon which decisions were made based on correctness, presentation, technical depth, scienti?c signi?cance and originality. The selection as oral or poster presentation does not signify a quality grading but re?ects attractiveness to the audience which is also re?ected in the order of appearance of papers in these proceedings. The papers are printed in the same order as presented at the symposium and posters are integrated in the corresponding thematic session. In putting these proceedings together, many people played signi?cant roles which we would like to acknowledge. First of all our thanks go to the authors who contributed their work to the symposium. Second, we are grateful for the dedicated work of the 38 members of the Program Committee for their e?ort in evaluating the submitted papers and inprovidingthe necessarydecisionsupport information and the valuable feedback for the authors. Furthermore, the P- gram Committee awarded prizes for the best papers, and we want to sincerely thank the donors. We were honored to have the following three invited speakers at the conf- ence: – Jan P.

The paper is organized as follows: In section 2, we describe the no- orientation-discontinuity interfering model based on a Gaussian stochastic model in analyzing the properties of the interfering strokes. In section 3, we describe the improved canny edge detector with an ed- orientation constraint to detect the edges and recover the weak ones of the foreground words and characters; In section 4, we illustrate, discuss and evaluate the experimental results of the proposed method, demonstrating that our algorithm significantly improves the segmentation quality; Section 5 concludes this paper. 2. The norm-orientation-discontinuity interfering stroke model Figure 2 shows three typical samples of original image segments from the original documents and their magnitude of the detected edges respectively. The magnitude of the gradient is converted into the gray level value. The darker the edge is, the larger is the gradient magnitude. It is obvious that the topmost strong edges correspond to foreground edges. It should be noted that, while usually, the foreground writing appears darker than the background image, as shown in sample image Figure 2(a), there are cases where the foreground and background have similar intensities as shown in Figure 2(b), or worst still, the background is more prominent than the foreground as in Figure 2(c). So using only the intensity value is not enough to differentiate the foreground from the background. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)

The human visual system as a functional unit including the eyes, the nervous system, and the corresponding parts of the brain certainly ranks among the most important means of human information processing. The e?ciency of the biological systems is beyond the capabilities of today's technical systems, even with the fastest available computer systems. However, there are areas of application where digital image analysis systems produce acceptable results. Systems in these areas solve very specialized tasks, they operate in a limited environment, and high speed is often not necessary. Several factors determine the economical application of technical vision systems: cost, speed,?exibility, robu- ness, functionality, and integration with other system components. Many of the recent developments in digital image processing and pattern recognition show some of the required achievements. Computer vision enhances the capabilities of computer systems • in autonomously collecting large amounts of data, • in extracting relevant information, • in perceiving its environment, and • in automatic or semiautomatic operation in this environment. The development of computer systems in general shows a steadily increasing need in computational power, which comes with decreasing hardware costs.