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We provide extensive surveys in eight estuaries along the coast of Ceará State in Northeastern Brazil, including local samples and data compiled from online data bases and literature. Samplings resulted in a checklist of the estuarine fish fauna, which recorded 126 fish species, and provides original information of some estuaries. Most of the sampled marine species are widely distributed and many are important commercial species for the artisanal fisheries. The addition of records from existing inventories and online collections increases the number of species to 245, of which 11 are threatened (critically endangered or vulnerable) and six are introduced. Our study provides an updated list of fish species of the estuaries along the semiarid coast of Brazil and is intended as a subsidy for further research, conservation and management efforts.

A utilização do termo avaliação, embora este seja bastante difundido no cenário educacional, ainda é pouco refletida. Muitas vezes, a avaliação é tomada como sinônimo para provas, testes, seminários e outros, que pouco (ou nada) contribuem para a formação inicial dos licenciandos. Entendemos que essa discussão vai além de uma questão terminológica, uma vez que envolve um conjunto de filiações e pressupostos teóricos que determinam a maneira como se trabalha; epistemologicamente, a visão de mundo, de verdade e de ciência de quem a elabora; e a seleção de instrumentos que permitem a identificação do desenvolvimento de habilidades por parte dos avaliados. Dessa forma, a pesquisa apresentada analisou as contribuições, para licenciandos em Química, das imagens inseridas em uma avaliação em relação às diferentes formas de se expressar e apresentar os conhecimentos construídos. Concluímos que as imagens possibilitaram aos avaliados o desenvolvimento da argumentação e a mobilização dos saberes construídos durante as aulas que antecederam a prova. Além disso, eles puderam desenvolver outras habilidades e saberes desejáveis para a atuação docente.

Apresentamos um olhar para a literatura na área de Educação Científica sobre os temas leitura, escrita e Estágio Supervisionado. Realizamos uma revisão em seis periódicos nacionais da área de ensino/aprendizagem de ciências publicados entre 2000 e 2012 e, livros associados aos temas de interesse. De forma sucinta, a pesquisa mostrou que atividades que envolvem a linguagem devem ir além da repetição do já dito ou à utilização correta dos códigos. Além disso, é indicado que atividades que envolvem a linguagem apresentam grande potencial quando pensadas nas disciplinas de Estágio Supervisionado.

O trabalho com a linguagem na formação inicial de professores das ciências da natureza tem sido alvo de discussões nas últimas décadas. Nesse sentido, essa pesquisa tem como objetivo apresentar uma revisão de literatura nos anais do Encontro Nacional de Ensino de Química (ENEQs) em torno da temática de interesse. Os trabalhos encontrados e analisados apontam para a importância da linguagem como recurso para reflexão, articulação, aumento do desenvolvimento profissional, possibilidades de aprendizagem e potencialidades significantes para o exercício da docência.

Despite the use of new techniques on embryo selection and the presence of equipment on the market, such as EmbryoScope® and Geri®, which help in the evaluation of embryo quality, there is still a subjectivity between the embryologist’s classifications, which are subjected to inter- and intra-observer variability, therefore compromising the successful implantation of the embryo. Nonetheless, with the acquisition of images through the time-lapse system, it is possible to perform digital processing of these images, providing a better analysis of the embryo, in addition to enabling the automatic analysis of a large volume of information. An image processing protocol was developed using well-established techniques to segment the image of blastocysts and extract variables of interest. A total of 33 variables were automatically generated by digital image processing, each one representing a different aspect of the embryo and describing a different characteristic of the blastocyst. These variables can be categorized into texture, gray-level average, gray-level standard deviation, modal value, relations, and light level. The automated and directed steps of the proposed processing protocol exclude spurious results, except when image quality (e.g., focus) prevents correct segmentation. The image processing protocol can segment human blastocyst images and automatically extract 33 variables that describe quantitative aspects of the blastocyst’s regions, with potential utility in embryo selection for assisted reproductive technology (ART).

There is a wealth of data published on the biomechanical properties of intra-articular tissues. However, much of this information is not intuitively applicable to clinical practice due to both methodological disparity between studies and the relevance of the methodology used to test the biomaterial. This inevitably results in comparison difficulties with other experimental data produced for the same tissue, or indeed different tissues.Therefore, this review highlights the salient issues that need to be considered when trying to interpret biomechanical testing scenarios and how they influence clinical practice. As such, different testing protocols and their clinical relevance are scrutinised. The importance of recreating the physiological loading conditions and the interpretation of the functional anatomy are highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessment of the glenohumeral joint relies upon a detailed, time-dependent history of the presenting complaint and a thorough examination of its subtle signs. As such, the complex is most appropriately approached as a unit, rather than as a discrete number of examinable components. However, understanding the interactions between these components means that a high level of skill is needed to adequately assess the joint, and learning these skills is compounded by the large number of eponymous tests described for examining separate elements.The stabilising mechanisms of the shoulder may crudely be classified as passive (non-contractile) or active (contractile) in function; this artificial distinction neglects the role of contractile tissue in maintaining stability whilst not contracting, but serves to facilitate understanding, and indeed categorise modes and methods of physical examination. Indeed, modes of failure are specific to these groupings. Determining the degree of instability caused by the passive stabilising mechanisms is commonly fraught with both intra- and inter-rater discrepancy, and as such, requires a great deal of experience to implement and interpret. However, an evidence-based approach to a clinical examination sequence can improve its predictive value.A critical review of the literature on examination of passive stabilising mechanisms is presented, followed by a distillation of current concepts resulting in the presentation of an evidence-based approach to examination that is practical, and can be implemented successfully by all involved in the rehabilitation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The treatment of rotator cuff tears has evolved from open surgical repairs to complete arthroscopic repairs over the past two decades. In this study, we reviewed the results of arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs with the so-called double-row, or footprint, reconstruction technique.Methods: Between 1998 and 2002, 264 patients underwent an arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with double-row fixation. The average age at the time of the operation was fifty-nine years. Two hundred and thirty-eight patients (242 shoulders) were available for follow-up; 210 were evaluated with a full clinical examination and thirty-two, with a questionnaire only. Preoperative and postoperative examinations consisted of determination of a Constant score and a visual analogue score for pain as well as a full physical examination of the shoulder. Ultrasonography was done at a minimum of twelve months postoperatively to assess the integrity of the cuff.Results: The average score for pain improved from 7.4 points (range, 3 to 10 points) preoperatively to 0.7 point (range, 0 to 3 points) postoperatively. The subjective outcome was excellent or good in 220 (90.9%) of the 242 shoulders. The average increase in the Constant score after the operation was 25.4 points (range, 0 to 57 points). Ultrasonography demonstrated an intact rotator cuff in 83% (174) of the shoulders overall, 47% (fifteen) of the thirty-two with a repair of a massive tear, 78% (thirty-two) of the forty-one with a repair of a large tear, 93% (113) of the 121 with a repair of a medium tear, and 88% (fourteen) of the sixteen with a repair of a small tear. Strength and active elevation increased significantly more in the group with an intact repair at the time of follow-up than in the group with a failed repair; however, there was no difference in the pain scores.Conclusions: Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with double-row fixation can achieve a high percentage of excellent subjective and objective results. Integrity of the repair can be expected in the majority of shoulders treated for a large, medium, or small tear, and the strength and range of motion provided by an intact repair are significantly better than those following a failed repair.Level Of Evidence: Therapeutic Level IV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The optimal method for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is not yet known. The hypothesis of the present study was that a double-row repair would demonstrate superior static and cyclic mechanical behavior when compared with a single-row repair. The specific aims were to measure gap formation at the bone-tendon interface under static creep loading and the ultimate strength and mode of failure of both methods of repair under cyclic loading.Methods: A standardized tear of the supraspinatus tendon was created in sixteen fresh cadaveric shoulders. Arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs were performed with use of either a double-row technique (eight specimens) or a single-row technique (eight specimens) with nonabsorbable sutures that were double-loaded on a titanium suture anchor. The repairs were loaded statically for one hour, and the gap formation was measured. Cyclic loading to failure was then performed.Results: Gap formation during static loading was significantly greater in the single-row group than in the double-row group (mean and standard deviation, 5.0 +/- 1.2 mm compared with 3.8 +/- 1.4 mm; p < 0.05). Under cyclic loading, the double-row repairs failed at a mean of 320 +/- 96.9 N whereas the single-row repairs failed at a mean of 224 +/- 147.9 N (p = 0.058). Three single-row repairs and three double-row repairs failed as a result of suture cut-through. Four single-row repairs and one double-row repair failed as a result of anchor or suture failure. The remaining five repairs did not fail, and a midsubstance tear of the tendon occurred.Conclusions: Although more technically demanding, the double-row technique demonstrates superior resistance to gap formation under static loading as compared with the single-row technique.Clinical Relevance: A double-row reconstruction of the supraspinatus tendon insertion may provide a more reliable construct than a single-row repair and could be used as an alternative to open reconstruction for the treatment of isolated tears. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact in the health care literature of research articles that provided evidence of the value of library services (including MEDLINE) as an element of quality health care. DATA SOURCES/SELECTION: Four research articles on the relationship between use of library services and quality health care were selected as 'primary articles' from a MEDLINE search using appropriate Medical Subject Heading. Primary articles met the following criteria: written in English, reported research, related to clinical care, and published before 1995. DATA EXTRACTION: The technique of citation analysis was used to measure the impact of the primary articles on the subsequent literature. The number, authorship, type, and publication venue of articles citing the primary articles were determined using ISI Web of Science, MEDLINE, other electronic resources, and the citing articles themselves. For the 146 English-language citing articles, the article type (i.e., advocacy, instructional, research) was noted; and, for those that reported research, the use to which the author put the cited material was determined. RESULTS: The primary articles were cited more often than the average articles published that year in the same journals. At the time of the study each article had been cited almost every year since publication. Of the 146 citing articles written in English, 43% were written by librarians, 38% by physicians, 12% by librarians with physicians. The majority were published in medical journals, followed in order of decreasing frequency by the Bulletin of the Medical Library Association, information science journals, and health administration journals. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study demonstrate that published research on the value of medical library services has an impact on the literature. These articles are read and cited and continue to be of value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Os resíduos sólidos urbanos é um problema ambiental preocupante, pois o aumento populacional causa uma maior produção de lixo, especialmente no atual modelo de produção e consumo. A coleta, destino e tratamento do lixo são questões a serem solucionadas por várias cidades. Em muitos locais, o lixo é despejado nos chamados lixões, locais sem estrutura para o tratamento dos resíduos. As consequências são: odor, proliferação de doenças, contaminação do solo e do lençol freático pelo chorume.

É nítida a dificuldade encontrada pela maioria dos docentes ao tratar do tema avaliação. Perante a necessidade e a importância desse tema na formação inicial (e continuada) de professores, é que essa pesquisa se propõe a compreender as concepções dos estudantes em Química – modalidade EaD – sobre o tema avaliação, bem como os deslocamentos dos seus discursos, a partir das atividades e avaliação realizadas. Para isso, ao longo do segundo semestre letivo de 2016 da UFJF, desenvolvemos tarefas e discussões em torno do tema proposto, na disciplina de Didática do Ensino de Ciências da Natureza. Apesar da necessidade de retomada e aprofundamento dessas questões durante a formação desses sujeitos, acreditamos que vivenciando e discutindo tal tema já na formação inicial, eles poderão, com maior pertencimento, incentivar tais ações na Educação Básica.

Most industry observers agree that the adoption of personal digital assistants (PDAs) in health care is occurring at an explosive rate. While literature pertaining to the use of PDAs by doctors abounds, there is scant data available about PDA usage by other health professionals. To find out more about non-medical use of PDAs in a hospital setting, a study was conducted during the Spring of 2002 on a small convenience sample of hospital administrators. Results showed that PDA usage among non-medical personnel is growing, and that users are interested in learning more about the expanded functionality of these services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atividades de leitura e escrita têm sido desenvolvidas com diferentes abordagens no âmbito da formação de professores de Ciências da Natureza. Ancorado nos pressupostos teóricos e metodológicas da Análise do Discurso de Linha Francesa (AD), esse artigo objetiva identificar as marcas de autoria em textos produzidos por licenciandos em Química da Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ) em MG. Os textos produzidos a partir dos diferentes gêneros textuais são chamados de diário de bordo, sendo esses construídos e apresentados no decorrer da unidade curricular Química e Sociedade. Mediante a construção do corpus de análise e do dispositivo teórico e analítico, uma categoria analítica emergiu. As análises mostraram que os diferentes diários possibilitaram o estabelecimento de várias relações inter, intra e extratextuais. Nesse sentido, os tipos de repetição (empírica, formal e histórica) foram apresentados, mostrando a necessidade de incentivo de diferentes ações na formação inicial de professores de Química para além do relatório técnico.

A formação de professores que ensinam matemática nos anos iniciais tem sido temática frequente nas pesquisas em Educação Matemática a partir de diferentes perspectivas teóricas e metodológicas. Assim, temos como objetivos, neste artigo, identificar algumas memórias dos estudantes de um curso de Pedagogia relacionadas à matemática na Educação Básica, bem como refletir sobre possíveis contribuições das disciplinas de matemática desse curso para pensar o ensino e a aprendizagem. Para tanto, analisamos duas narrativas produzidas por futuros professores dos anos iniciais que cursaram essas disciplinas. Em uma das narrativas eles abordaram memórias relacionadas à matemática durante sua trajetória escolar e em outra discutiram o que pensavam sobre a matemática após as vivências na disciplina I. A análise dos dados evidenciou que, de modo geral, os estudantes são fortemente marcados pelas experiências negativas que tiveram durante a Educação Básica. Além disso, em seus discursos, percebemos influências das atividades e discussões que ocorreram nessa disciplina, o que permitiu para muitos lançar um novo olhar para a matemática.

In the United States, policy experiments over a 20-year period have demonstrated that road crash deaths among young adults can be substantially reduced by raising the minimum legal drinking age to 21 years. A recent evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of policies for reducing alcohol-related harm in Australia found that, if the US experience were to be replicated in Australia, raising the minimum legal drinking age would be more cost-effective than random breath testing and drink-driving campaigns. Given the major political obstacles to increasing the minimum legal drinking age, we propose another policy that could achieve a similar reduction in road crash deaths - requiring licensed drivers to maintain a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of zero until at least the age of 21 years (close to the current policy of zero BAC until age 22 years in Victoria), and preferably until 25 years. This would allow young Australians to drink or drive but not to combine these activities for at least the first several years of driving. If all Australian jurisdictions had adopted this policy in 2003, 17 deaths could have been be averted among young Australians as they aged from 18 to 21 years and many more serious injuries could have been prevented each year. If we had enforced a zero BAC until age 25, the number of deaths averted until age 25 years could have been as high as 50. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work was to study the essential oil extraction process of Cymbopogon schoenanthus Spreg with pressured CO2, and to compare the results with a conventional extraction process. The experiment was conducted at 15°C, 66.7 bar and a medium flow rate of 1.23 g CO2/min, in a fixed bed extractor and a dynamic method was adopted for the solubility calculation. The solvent extraction was realized with ethanol in an incubator, followed by a vacuum filtration and solvent evaporation. The composition of the oil was analyzed by a gas chromatography connected to a mass spectrometer. The extraction with CO2 showed a yield of 2.78%, and solubility of 1.48 x 10-2 g oil/ g CO2.O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um estudo do processo de extração do óleo essencial de Cymbopogon schoenanthus Spreg com CO2 pressurizado, e comparar os resultados obtidos com um processo convencional de extração. Os experimentos foram realizados numa temperatura de extração de 15ºC, pressão de 66,7 bar e vazão média de 1,23 gCO2/min. O processo ocorreu num extrator em leito fixo e foi adotado o método dinâmico para o cálculo da solubilidade. A extração com solvente orgânico foi realizada com etanol através de uma incubadora a 15ºC, seguida de filtração a vácuo e posterior evaporação do solvente. A composição do óleo foi analisada por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrômetro de massa. A extração com CO2 apresentou um rendimento de 2,78% e solubilidade de 1,51.10-2 g óleo/g CO2.

Abstract Background Prior studies have demonstrated that the distal 1.5 kb of the MMP-1 promoter is fundamental in directing the induction of the MMP-1 gene by cigarette smoke. Methods To characterize the genetic variants in the MMP-1 cigarette smoke-responsive element, deep re-sequencing of this element was performed on DNA samples from participants in the Lung Health Study. Furthermore, evidence of Sp1 binding to the MMP-1 promoter was assessed using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and the influence of cigarette smoke exposure on this interaction was evaluated in cultured human small airway epithelial cells. Results Ten polymorphisms (four novel) were detected in the cigarette smoke-responsive element. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays to assess the protein-DNA interactions at Sp1 sites in the MMP-1 promoter showed increased binding to the Sp1 sites in the cigarette smoke-responsive element in small airway epithelial cells treated with cigarette smoke extract. In contrast, a Sp1 site outside of the element exhibited the opposite effect. None of the polymorphisms were more prevalent in the fast decliners versus the slow decliners (fast decliners = mean −4.14% decline in FEV1% predicted per year vs. decline in FEV1% predicted per year). Conclusions Sequencing analyses identified four novel polymorphisms within the cigarette smoke-responsive element of the MMP-1 promoter. This study identifies functional activity within the cigarette smoke-responsive element that is influenced by cigarette smoke and examines this region of the promoter within a small patient population.

Abstract Background Stimulus-related γ-band oscillations, which may be related to perceptual binding, are reduced in people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The purpose of this study was to examine auditory transient and steady-state γ-band findings in first-degree relatives of people with ASD to assess the potential familiality of these findings in ASD. Methods Magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings in 21 parents who had a child with an autism spectrum disorder (pASD) and 20 healthy adult control subjects (HC) were obtained. Gamma-band phase locking factor (PLF), and evoked and induced power to 32, 40 and 48 Hz amplitude-modulated sounds were measured for transient and steady-state responses. Participants were also tested on a number of behavioral and cognitive assessments related to the broad autism phenotype (BAP). Results Reliable group differences were seen primarily for steady-state responses. In the left hemisphere, pASD subjects exhibited lower phase-locked steady-state power in all three conditions. Total γ-band power, including the non-phase-locked component, was also reduced in the pASD group. In addition, pASD subjects had significantly lower PLF than the HC group. Correlations were seen between MEG measures and BAP measures. Conclusions The reduction in steady-state γ-band responses in the pASD group is consistent with previous results for children with ASD. Steady-state responses may be more sensitive than transient responses to phase-locking errors in ASD. Together with the lower PLF and phase-locked power in first-degree relatives, correlations between γ-band measures and behavioral measures relevant to the BAP highlight the potential of γ-band deficits as a potential new autism endophenotype.

Abstract Background Illicit drug overdose deaths (IDD) relate to individual drug dose and context of use, including use with other drugs and alcohol. IDD peaked in British Columbia (BC) in 1998 with 417 deaths, and continues to be a public health problem. The objective of this study was to examine IDD in 2006 in BC by place of residence, injury and death, decedents' age and sex and substances identified. Methods IDD data was obtained through the BC Coroners Office and entered into SPSS (version 14). Fisher's exact and Pearson's χ2 were used for categorical data; Mann-Whitney U-test for continuous variables. Rates were calculated using 2006 population estimates. Results We identified 223 IDD in BC; 54 (24%) occurred in Vancouver. Vancouver decedents (compared to those occurring outside Vancouver) were older (mean age 43.9 vs. 39.2 years; p < 0.01) and more likely to be male (90.7% vs. 77.5%; p = 0.03). Provincially Aboriginal ethnicity was reported for 19 deaths; 13 (30.2%) of 43 females and 6 (3.3%) of 180 males (p = < 0.001). Cocaine was identified in 80.3%, opiates 59.6%, methadone 13.9%, methamphetamine/amphetamine 6.3%, and alcohol in 22.9% of deaths. Poly-substance use was common, 2 substances were identified in 43.8% and 3 or more in 34.5% of deaths. Opiates were more frequently identified in Vancouver compared to outside Vancouver (74.1% vs. 55.0%) p = 0.015. Conclusion Collaboration with the Coroner's office allowed us to analyze IDD in detail including place of death; cocaine, opiates and poly-substance use were commonly identified. Poly-substance use should be explored further to inform public health interventions.

Abstract Background Alpha-defensins, which are major constituents of neutrophil azurophilic granules, and beta-defensins, which are expressed in airway epithelial cells, could contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by amplifying cigarette smoke-induced and infection-induced inflammatory reactions leading to lung injury. In Japanese and Chinese populations, two different beta-defensin-1 polymorphisms have been associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease phenotypes. We conducted population-based association studies to test whether alpha-defensin and beta-defensin polymorphisms influenced smokers' susceptibility to lung function decline and susceptibility to lower respiratory infection in two groups of white participants in the Lung Health Study (275 = fast decline in lung function and 304 = no decline in lung function). Methods Subjects were genotyped for the alpha-defensin-1/alpha-defensin-3 copy number polymorphism and four beta-defensin-1 polymorphisms (G-20A, C-44G, G-52A and Val38Ile). Results There were no associations between individual polymorphisms or imputed haplotypes and rate of decline in lung function or susceptibility to infection. Conclusion These findings suggest that, in a white population, the defensin polymorphisms tested may not be of importance in determining who develops abnormally rapid lung function decline or is susceptible to developing lower respiratory infections.

RESUMO: Apresentamos nesta pesquisa uma proposta que foi desenvolvida com os estudantes da disciplina de Estágio Supervisionado em Química da UFJF no ano de 2013, buscando (re)pensar as práticas de escrita para além dos relatórios técnicos que comumente são desenvolvidos neste momento da formação inicial. Nesse sentido, a partir das observações escolares e dos estudos nas dependências da UFJF, os estudantes produziram quatro relatos, que foram elaborados em um processo dialógico de escrita e (re)escrita. Em uma roda de conversas, os estudantes falaram sobre esse movimento na disciplina de estágio. De modo geral, os estagiários apontaram como essencial esse processo de (re)escrever os relatos durante os dois semestres letivos, permitindo uma reflexão sobre a prática e um aprofundamento quanto às questões postas.

Introduction: Cannabis and nicotine/tobacco products (NTP) are commonly co-used in adolescence and young adulthood; however, limited research has been done on predictive health behaviors to co-use. The current study is a preliminary investigation into the relationships of modifiable health behaviors on cannabis and NTP co-use in adolescents and young adults., Method: 221 participants (ages 16-22) were characterized into cannabis use only (N = 55), NTP use only (N = 20), cannabis and NTP co-use (used cannabis and NTP; N = 96) and control (no use; N = 50) groups based on past 30-day use. Self-report measures for physical activity, sleep quality, mental health, and reward responsivity were utilized. Participants were given a comprehensive neurocognitive battery. Logistic regressions of self-report measures and fluid intelligence composite scores on substance use group status were run stratified by sex., Results: Higher approach reward sensitivity traits were associated with increased likelihood of cannabis use only (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.15, p = .036) in female participants. Increased aerobic activity was associated with decreased likelihood of cannabis use only (OR = 0.91, p = .047) and cannabis and NTP co-use (OR = 0.88, p = .007) in female participants. Higher anxiety was associated with increased likelihood of cannabis NTP co-use (OR = 1.51, p = 0.025) in male participants., Discussion: Several health behaviors were linked with cannabis use and cannabis and NTP co-use in both females and male adolescents and young adults. Health markers differed by sex suggesting differing mechanisms of substance co-use. This study informs targetable health behaviors for prevention and intervention efforts., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Introduction: Both cannabis use and depressive symptomology increase in prevalence throughout adolescence. Concurrently, the brain is undergoing neurodevelopment in important limbic regions, such as the amygdala. Prior research indicates the amygdala may also be related to cannabis use and depressive symptoms. We aimed to investigate the effects of adolescent cannabis use on amygdala volumes as well as the interaction of cannabis use and amygdala morphometry on depressive symptoms in youth., Method: Two-hundred-twenty-four participants (ages 12-15), balanced by sex assigned at birth, were selected from a sub-sample of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study based on hair toxicology and self-report measures of cannabis use. Participants positive for cannabinoids in hair and/or self-reported cannabis use were demographically matched to youth with no self-reported or confirmed cannabis use. The guardians of these youth reported depression symptoms on the Child Behavioral Checklist. Linear mixed effect models were run investigating cannabis use group on amygdala volumes bilaterally, controlling for whole brain volume and random effects of scanner type. Additional analyses examined cannabis group status and bilateral amygdala volume on depression symptoms., Results: Cannabis use was not significantly associated with amygdala volume but was associated with increased depressive symptoms (p<0.01). Cannabis group interacted with amygdala volume, such that individuals with smaller volumes had increased depressive symptoms within the cannabis group (p's<0.01-0.02)., Conclusion: Aberrations in amygdala volume based on cannabis use were not found in early adolescence; however, more depressive symptoms were related to cannabis group. Youth who use cannabis and have smaller amygdala volumes were at increased risk for depressive symptomology, suggesting potential neurovulnerabilities to cannabis use., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)