9 results on '"Waldner, Karoline"'
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2. First isolation and genotyping of pathogenic Leptospira spp. from Austria
- Author
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Sohm, Cynthia, primary, Willixhofer, Denise, additional, Fasching, Eva, additional, Waldner, Karoline, additional, Deitzer, Nicole, additional, Steiner, Janina, additional, Jöbstl, Julia, additional, Schleicher, Corina, additional, Schwarz, Marcel, additional, Fuchs, Reinhard, additional, Bourhy, Pascale, additional, Käsbohrer, Annemarie, additional, Wittek, Thomas, additional, Firth, Clair, additional, Steinparzer, Romana, additional, and Desvars-Larrive, Amélie, additional
- Published
- 2024
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3. Newly emerging impacts in riverine ecosystems: combined effects of climate change and malacosporean infections on brown trout
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Waldner, Karoline, El-Matbouli, Mansour, and Joachim, Anja
- Abstract
Dissertation - Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien - 2021, Süßwasserökosysteme sind bereits mehrfachem Druck ausgesetzt (1) und es wird erwartet, dass der Klimawandel dies durch schädliche Auswirkungen auf Wasserorganismen noch verstärkt. Der Klimawandel führt zu direkten Auswirkungen wie höheren Wassertemperaturen oder verringerten Abflussraten. Studien, die an österreichischen Flüssen durchgeführt wurden, berichten von steigenden Fließgewässertemperaturen (2,3). Darüber hinaus treten auch indirekte Effekte auf, d.h. veränderte Bedingungen durch den Klimawandel begünstigen Prozesse, die wiederum die Lebensräume der Biota verändern. Ein solcher Prozess ist die Zunahme der Abundanz von Moostierchen und verwandten Malacosporen-Parasiten, wie z. B. Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (4,5). Die Proliferative Nierenerkrankung (PKD) ist eine parasitäre Erkrankung von Salmoniden, die durch den Parasiten T. bryosalmonae (Myxozoa: Malacosporea) verursacht wird (6-9). Der Lebenszyklus dieses Parasiten beinhaltet Süßwasserbryozoen als wirbellose Hauptwirte und salmonide Fische, wie z. B. die Bachforelle, als Zwischenwirte. PKD ist temperaturabhängig, d.h. sowohl die klinischen Symptome als auch die PKD-bedingte Sterblichkeit bei Salmoniden nehmen bei Wassertemperaturen über 15°C zu (10-13). Das Projekt ClimateTrout wurde mit dem Ziel durchgeführt, die Beziehung zwischen thermalen Regimen, Bryozoen, Bachforellen und der Proliferativen Nierenerkrankung (PKD) in Bezug auf den Klimawandel in den vier österreichischen Flüssen Traun, Ybbs, Kamp und Wulka zu untersuchen. Zusätzlich wurde der Einfluss der Wassertemperatur auf den Krankheitsverlauf der PKD bei Bachforellen in einem Tierversuch unter laborkontrollierten Bedingungen verifiziert. Das Projekt befasst sich also mit den jüngsten, durch den Klimawandel bedingten Belastungen in österreichischen Flüssen. Die wichtigsten Ergebnisse des ClimateTrout-Projekts waren die weite Verbreitung des Parasiten T. bryosalmonae in den Bachforellenpopulationen aller vier untersuchten Flüsse und dass die Wassertemperaturregime, die PKD-Ausbrüche erlauben, derzeit in 19 % aller österreichischer Flussabschnitte erreicht werden, wobei sich dieser Anteil in Zukunft auf 63 % erhöhen könnte. Diese beiden untersuchten Parameter reichten jedoch nicht aus, um den Rückgang der Bachforellenpopulationen in allen untersuchten Flüssen zu erklären. Eine weitere wichtige Erkenntnis war, dass auch die Bachforellen die als Besatzfische dienen infiziert waren. Alle Besatzfische bei denen eine Infektion nachgewiesen werden konnte, waren asymptomatische Träger des Parasiten. Solche äußerlich gesunden Bachforellen werden als Besatzfische in natürliche Gewässer entlassen, wo sie weiterhin lebensfähige Sporen in das Wasser ausscheiden und so den Lebenszyklus des Parasiten aufrechterhalten. Daher wird empfohlen, vor dem Besatz von Flussabschnitten eine gründliche Untersuchung einer repräsentativen Anzahl von Fischen durchzuführen. Der PKD-Status des Großteils der österreichischen Flüsse ist bisher unbekannt und bedarf weiterer Untersuchungen. Daher ist eine groß angelegte Monitoringstudie zur Identifizierung der PKD-befallenen und PKD-freien Flussabschnitte notwendig. Eine solche Studie würde bei der Verfassung und Umsetzung von Managementstrategien zum Schutz der derzeit T. bryosalmonae-freien Bachforellenpopulationen helfen., Dissertation - University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna - 2021, Freshwater ecosystems are already under multiple pressures (1), and climate change is expected to add to these pressures by causing detrimental effects to aquatic organisms. Climate change is causing direct effects such as higher water temperatures or reduced discharge. Studies conducted on Austrian rivers have reported increasing stream temperatures (2,3). Moreover, indirect effects will also occur, i.e. modified conditions under climate change favor processes, which in turn alter the habitats of the biota. One such process is the increase in the abundance of bryozoans and related malacosporean parasites, such as Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (4,5). Proliferative kidney disease (PKD) is a parasitic disease of salmonid fishes caused by the parasite T. bryosalmonae (Myxozoa: Malacosporea) (6–9). The life cycle of this parasite includes freshwater bryozoans as the main invertebrate hosts and salmonid fish, such as brown trout as vertebrate hosts. PKD is temperature dependent, i.e., both clinical signs and PKD-related mortality in salmonids increase at water temperatures above 15°C (10–13). In this context, the ClimateTrout project was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship among thermal regimes, bryozoa, brown trout and Proliferative Kidney Disease (PKD) in relation to climate change in the four Austrian rivers Traun, Ybbs, Kamp and Wulka. In addition, the influence of water temperature on PKD disease progression in brown trout was verified through an animal experiment conducted under laboratory-controlled conditions. Therefore, the project addresses the most recently emerging climate change-related pressures in Austrian rivers. The most important findings of the ClimateTrout project were the wide distribution of the parasite T. bryosalmonae in the brown trout populations of all the four rivers studied and that the water temperature regimes that were permissive for PKD outbreaks in 19% of the river sections currently, with a possible increase of this proportion to 63% in the future. Moreover, these two parameters were insufficient to explain the decline in the brown trout populations in all the studied rivers. Another important finding was that the brown trout for stocking were also infected. All the infected fish for stocking examined in the present study were asymptomatic carriers. Outwardly healthy, such carriers are released as stocking fish into natural waters, where they continue excreting viable spores into the water, thereby maintaining the lifecycle of the parasite. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct a thorough examination of a representative sample of fish prior to the stocking of river sections. The PKD status of the majority of Austrian rivers is unknown to date, warranting further research. Therefore, a large-scale monitoring study to identify the PKD-affected and PKD-free sections of the rivers is necessary. Such a study would assist in the formulation and implementation of management strategies for the protection of brown trout populations that are currently T. bryosalmonae-free.
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- 2021
4. Identification Mycobacterium spp. in the Natural Water of Two Austrian Rivers
- Author
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Delghandi, Mohammad Reza, Waldner, Karoline, El-Matbouli, Mansour, and Menanteau-Ledouble, Simon
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nested PCR ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,environmental mycobacteria ,molecular epidemiology ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Article - Abstract
Nontuberculous mycobacteria constitute a subgroup among the Mycobacterium genus, a genus of Gram-positive bacteria that includes numerous pathogenic bacteria. In the present study, Mycobacterium spp. were detected in natural water samples from two Austrian rivers (Kamp and Wulka) using three different primers and PCR procedures for the identification of the 16S rRNA and hsp65 genes. Water samples were collected from the Kamp (45 samples) and Wulka (25 samples) in the summer and winter of 2018 and 2019. Molecular evidence showed a high prevalence of Mycobacterium sp. in these rivers with prevalence rates estimated at approximately 94.3% across all rivers. The present study represents the first survey into the prevalence of Mycobacterium sp. in natural water in Austria. Because nontuberculous mycobacteria have known pathogenic potential, including zoonotic, these findings may have implications for health management and public health.
- Published
- 2020
5. Effect of water temperature on the morbidity of Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (Myxozoa) to brown trout ( Salmo trutta ) under laboratory conditions
- Author
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Waldner, Karoline, primary, Borkovec, Martin, additional, Borgwardt, Florian, additional, Unfer, Günther, additional, and El‐Matbouli, Mansour, additional
- Published
- 2021
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6. Direct and Indirect Climate Change Impacts on Brown Trout in Central Europe: How Thermal Regimes Reinforce Physiological Stress and Support the Emergence of Diseases
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Borgwardt, Florian, primary, Unfer, Günther, additional, Auer, Stefan, additional, Waldner, Karoline, additional, El-Matbouli, Mansour, additional, and Bechter, Thomas, additional
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- 2020
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7. A brown trout (Salmo trutta) population faces devastating consequences due to proliferative kidney disease and temperature increase: A case study from Austria
- Author
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Waldner, Karoline, primary, Bechter, Thomas, additional, Auer, Stefan, additional, Borgwardt, Florian, additional, El‐Matbouli, Mansour, additional, and Unfer, Günther, additional
- Published
- 2019
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8. A brown trout (Salmo trutta) population faces devastating consequences due to proliferative kidney disease and temperature increase: A case study from Austria.
- Author
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Waldner, Karoline, Bechter, Thomas, Auer, Stefan, Borgwardt, Florian, El‐Matbouli, Mansour, and Unfer, Günther
- Subjects
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BROWN trout , *SALMONIDAE , *KIDNEY diseases , *FISH farming , *WATER temperature , *SALMON farming - Abstract
Proliferative kidney disease (PKD) is an emerging parasitic disease that affects wild and farmed salmonid fishes worldwide. Currently, it is widespread in Europe with records in many countries. This study assessed the status of PKD in the river Wulka, a small Austrian river, which was known to host a vital brown trout population despite having high water temperatures. Contrary to the initial hypothesis that the river was free from PKD, we observed an overall PKD prevalence of 92%. Noninfected fish were restricted to the uppermost river section. Twenty‐two out of 87 PKD‐positive fish of all age classes showed clinical signs, while five individuals exhibited signs of recovering from PKD infection. The severity of clinical signs was significantly dependent on the fish length and age, with smaller or younger individuals being more severely affected. Comparison of data from the earlier fish sampling events with those results from 2017 and 2018, together with the analyses of the pattern of water temperature since 2010, indicates that Wulka's brown trout population might become extinct in the near future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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9. Acanthocephalan parasites collected from Austrian fishes: molecular barcoding and pathological observations.
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Lewisch E, Solymos V, Waldner K, van der Vloedt L, Harl J, Bakran-Lebl K, El-Matbouli M, and Fuehrer HP
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- Animals, Austria, Acanthocephala, Fish Diseases parasitology, Oncorhynchus mykiss
- Abstract
Acanthocephalan parasites were collected from the intestinal tracts of 137 predominantly wild fish (1 barbel Barbus barbus, 3 European chub Squalius cephalus, 13 rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and 120 brown trout Salmo trutta) from 12 localities. The condition factor, intensity of acanthocephalan infection and pathological lesions, if applicable, were documented. Routine bacteriology and virology were performed, and the brown trout were additionally tested for the presence of the myxozoan parasite Tetracapsolioides bryosalmonae by PCR. In total, 113 acanthocephalans were barcoded by sequencing a section of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Barcoding of the acanthocephalan tissues resulted in 77 sequences, of which 56 were assigned to Echinorhynchus truttae (3 genotypes), 11 to Pomphorhynchus tereticollis (9 genotypes), 9 to Acanthocephalus sp. (5 genotypes) and 1 to Neoechinorhynchida. Most of these genotypes were detected for the first time. Statistically, the acanthocephalan infection did not have an impact on the condition factor of the brown trout. Infection with P. tereticollis caused more severe pathological changes in the digestive tract than E. truttae. The present study provides new data regarding the distribution of acanthocephalan species in Austria and their impact on individual fish. In addition, new barcoding data from acanthocephalan parasites are presented, and the occurrence of P. tereticollis in European chub in Austria and in brown and rainbow trout in general was confirmed for the first time.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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