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Yu-Wen Chiu,1 Yu-Hsiang Kao,1 Michael J Simoff,2 David E Ost,3 Oliver Wagner,4 James Lavin,4 Richard A Culbertson,1 Dean G Smith1 1Health Policy & Systems Management, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; 2Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA; 3Department of Pulmonology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; 4Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, California, USACorrespondence: Dean G SmithLSU Health Sciences Center – New Orleans, School of Public Health, 2020 Gravier St., New Orleans, LA, 70112, USAEmail dgsmith@lsuhsc.eduPurpose: To describe the distribution of diagnostic procedures, rates of complications, and total cost of biopsies for patients with lung cancer.Patients and Methods: Observational study using data from IBM Marketscan® Databases for continuously insured adult patients with a primary lung cancer diagnosis and treatment between July 2013 and June 2017. Costs of lung cancer diagnosis covered 6 months prior to index biopsy through treatment. Costs of chest CT scans, biopsy, and post-procedural complications were estimated from total payments. Costs of biopsies incidental to inpatient admissions were estimated by comparable outpatient biopsies.Results: The database included 22,870 patients who had a total of 37,160 biopsies, of which 16,009 (43.1%) were percutaneous, 14,997 (40.4%) bronchoscopic, 4072 (11.0%) surgical and 2082 (5.6%) mediastinoscopic. Multiple biopsies were performed on 41.9% of patients. The most common complications among patients receiving only one type of biopsy were pneumothorax (1304 patients, 8.4%), bleeding (744 patients, 4.8%) and intubation (400 patients, 2.6%). However, most complications did not require interventions that would add to costs. Median total costs were highest for inpatient surgical biopsies ($29,988) and lowest for outpatient percutaneous biopsies ($1028). Repeat biopsies of the same type increased costs by 40– 80%. Complications account for 13% of total costs.Conclusion: Costs of biopsies to confirm lung cancer diagnosis vary substantially by type of biopsy and setting. Multiple biopsies, inpatient procedures and complications result in higher costs.Keywords: cancer, diagnosis, economics, frequency

Comprehension of the tribological behavior of magnetorheological fluids is crucial for many applications, in particular for those related with high quality surface finishing. In this contribution, we describe a thorough experimental investigation on the tribological properties of magnetorheological (MR) fluids in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) point contacts. First, magnetic iron oxide particles with diameters of ~0.4, 1,3, and 2.0 μm were prepared using wet chemistry procedures. Then, MR fluids were formulated by dispersion of the magnetic particles in glycerol/water mixtures. The tribological experiments were run in a PMMA ball-on-three plates tribometer and Stribeck regions were identified for a wide range of sliding speeds. The wear tracks were also visualized in a confocal microscope to correlate them with friction coefficient data. The results show the effect of both particle size and applied magnetic field in the friction coefficient and wear scar volume, suggesting a slight decrease on the wear process when the magnetic field is present.

As an alternative to the existing software architectures that underpin the development of smart homes and ambient assisted living (AAL) systems, this work presents a database-centric architecture that takes advantage of active databases and in-database processing. Current platforms supporting AAL systems use database management systems (DBMSs) exclusively for data storage. Active databases employ database triggers to detect and react to events taking place inside or outside of the database. DBMSs can be extended with stored procedures and functions that enable in-database processing. This means that the data processing is integrated and performed within the DBMS. The feasibility and flexibility of the proposed approach were demonstrated with the implementation of three distinct AAL services. The active database was used to detect bed-exits and to discover common room transitions and deviations during the night. In-database machine learning methods were used to model early night behaviors. Consequently, active in-database processing avoids transferring sensitive data outside the database, and this improves performance, security and privacy. Furthermore, centralizing the computation into the DBMS facilitates code reuse, adaptation and maintenance. These are important system properties that take into account the evolving heterogeneity of users, their needs and the devices that are characteristic of smart homes and AAL systems. Therefore, DBMSs can provide capabilities to address requirements for scalability, security, privacy, dependability and personalization in applications of smart environments in healthcare.

In continuation of our quest for new redox-modulating catalytic antitumor molecules, selenium-containing quinone-based 1,2,3-triazoles were synthesized using rhodium-catalyzed C-H bond activation and click reactions. All compounds were evaluated against five types of cancer cell lines: HL-60 (human promyelocytic leukemia cells), HCT-116 (human colon carcinoma cells), SF295 (human glioblastoma cells), NCIH-460 (human lung cells) and PC3 (human prostate cancer cells). Some compounds showed good activity with IC50 values below 1 µM. The cytotoxic potential of the naphthoquinoidal derivatives was also evaluated in non-tumor cells, exemplified by L929 cells. Overall, these compounds represent promising new lead derivatives and stand for a new class of chalcogenium-containing derivatives with potential antitumor activity.

In this work, were synthesized new 1H-1,2,3-triazole-1,4-naphthoquinones via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction using CuI/acetonitrile without addition of base or ligand. The compounds (3a-i) were obtained in moderate-to-good yields 45-92%. To prepare (3d), we obtain a mixture of (3d) and (4) in a ratio 3:1, that it was difficult to separate. The low yield for the compound (3f) can be also justified based in the formation of aminonaphthoquinone (4). The acetylation of (3h) and (3i) afforded the compounds (5) and (6) in 77% and 35% of yields, respectively. The low yield of (6) was due to formation of 35 % of the elimination product (7).

In this work, were synthesized 18 new compounds based on 1H-1,2,3-triazole-1,4-naphthoquinones via Cu-AAC (Cu-catalyzed Azide Alkyne Cycloaddition) reaction. The compounds (2-7)(a-c) were obtained in moderate-to-good yields (43-99%). Two methodologies were employed to obtain 2-(4-aminomethyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives. Firstly, we using the Method A (CH3CN/CuI/r.t./20h), but some compounds presented moderate yields of 43-60%. Fortunately, when we applied the Method B (DMF/Et3N/ultrasound), were obtained yields between 78 and 92%.

A series of Aryl-1H-1,2,3-triazoles were prepared from the reaction between aril-azide (1) with 1.5 equiv. of terminal alkynes (2a-o). The reactions carried out at room temperature and in the presence of CuI (10 mol%) in acetonitrile. The compounds (3a-o) were obtained in moderate-to-good yields (50-94%). In general, not was observed significant inductive effect on the reactivity of the alkynes (2a-f). The alcohol alkynes (2i-k) showed moderate yields 50-72%. On the other hand, the reaction with alkyl alkynes (2m,n) furnished the compounds (3m) and (3n) in excellent yields of 89% and 90%, respectively.

INTRODUÇÃO: O futebol e o esporte profissional mais popular do mundo, com ações intermitentes de curta duração e alta intensidade. A repetição dessas ações pode afetar a musculatura esquelética, resultando em déficits funcionais. Testes específicos avaliam o desempenho dos atletas em ações como saltos, deslocamentos e dribles, cruciais para a potência muscular durante o jogo. OBJETIVO: Avaliar e correlacionar potência, flexibilidade, fadiga e estabilidade de membros inferiores em atletas de categoria sub 20 de clubes de futebol de campo profissional de Caxias do Sul. MÉTODOS: Participaram do estudo 43 atletas masculinos de categoria sub 20 de clubes de futebol de campo profissional de Caxias do Sul. Foram avaliadas a flexibilidade pelo banco de Wells, potência e fadiga (Salto Vertical e Running Anaerobic Sprint Test - RAST), estabilidade dos membros inferiores (Y Balance Test) e estabilidade de membro inferior (Step Down). Os dados foram correlacionados pelo teste de correlação de Pearson e qui-quadrado e utilizado ANOVA para relação entre as posições, foi considerado para todas as análises um nível de significância de p