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The introgressed populations developed from crosse between Gossypium hirsutum and G. barbadense were used to assess genetic variation for yield components and fibre quality traits. A difference among introgressed lines and parental lines was significant for all traits except sympodial branches, node number, uniformity index and fibre elongation. The lines with high ginning outturn showed higher values for plant height, seed index and lint index than the lines with cluster boll bearing, round boll lines and fibre length-strength lines. However, the majority of introgressed lines had lower values for boll number and seed cotton yield as compared to the parental lines Suraj and NH 615. For fibre strength and ginning outturn, the lines viz., CNH 31-90 and CNH 29-90 had higher fibre strength of 30.5 and 30.1 g/tex, respectively. CNH 19-5 (35.8 mm) and CNH 19-4 (33.9 mm) showed higher values for fibre length which was significantly higher than the variety Suraj (31.6 mm). Similarly, CNH 29-90 (30.1 g/tex), CNH 31-90 (30.5 g/tex) as well as CNH 19-4 and CNH 42-6 (29.9 g/tex) displayed higher values for fibre strength. Lines viz., CNH 44-31, CNH 47-31, CNH 19-4, CNH 19-5 and CNH 42-6 were identified for a desirable combination of yield and fibre quality and ginning percentage. CNH 31-90, CNH 33-94 and CNH 48-4 had a combination of fibre quality and high ginning percentage. In the majority of lines, the mean values for fibre length and strength were the most biased towards the G. hirsutum variety Suraj and NH 615. Fibre quality traits viz., length and strength, were highly and positively correlated (0.41) suggesting that selections can be made for simultaneous improvement of fibre length and strength. Fibre length (-0.04) and fibre strength (-0.06) had a lesser negative association with seed cotton yield indicating breaking of strong negative correlation between yield and quality (either length or strength) in interspecific lines between G. hirsutum and G. barbadense. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present investigation was carried out to assess the stability of three lines, twelve testers, thirty six hybrids and one check (PKV Hy 2) over three locations in Maharashtra viz., Akola, Amravati and Nagpur using Eberhart and Russell Model. Pooled analysis of variance over the environments revealed that the genotypes, environments and genotypes x environments interaction were highly significant for all the characters indicating a considerable extent of interaction between the genotypes and environments. Environmental indices revealed that Nagpur was the most favourable location in an expression of most of the yield component traits. Eight hybrids viz., AKH 84635 x AKH 11-7, AKH 84635 x AKH 9916, AKH 8828 x AKH 2012-8, AKH 8828 x AKH 2006-2, AKH 8828 x SURAJ, AKH 081 x AKH 10-2, AKH 081 x DHY 286, AKH 081 x AKH 10-5 and two parents viz., AKH 081 and AKH 2012-8 found to be stable for seed cotton yield and most of the other traits over the location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum, non-selective, contact herbicide, dominating the global pesticide market and the most widely used agricultural chemicals worldwide, to manage pre- and postemergence weeds. Despite the fact that glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides are widely used, and claimed as a “once in a century herbicide”, there remains extensive debate on the consequences of glyphosate usage and its impacts on soil, plant, and environmental health, apart from non-targeted vegetation. Though positive effects of glyphosate on agricultural food production, soil conservation and environmental pollution have been put forth by several workers, glyphosate and its negative impacts on the environment, especially its persistence in soils, the emergence of glyphosate-resistant weeds, and its integration into the existing cropping systems in agroecosystems remains a challenge. In this review, we provide updates on glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides, and their impacts on the environment, which will be highly useful for researchers and decision-makers to establish policies for glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicide usage in agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) ranks top among all endemic diseases transmitted by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) affecting cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) causing severe economic losses to the cotton growers in the Indian subcontinent. For its effective management, robust tools for detection are a prerequisite and it is important to diagnose the virus titre in early stage of infection in plants as well as in the disease transmitting vector. Considering the limitations in current PCR-based techniques we have standardised rapid and sensitive Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) protocol for the diagnosis of cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) in cotton leaves and in its transmitting vector whitefly. Perhaps, this is the first report of use of LAMP tool for rapid diagnosis of CLCuV in cotton and its transmitting vector the whitefly. Further, the colorimetric detection for diagnostic simplicity of amplified LAMP product by using different dyes lead to enhanced applicability of this technique in the field of disease diagnostics. The merit of present study is that the diagnostic failure of PCR and LAMP due to low virus titre in the infected leaf has been circumvented through the combination of rolling circle amplification (RCA) with LAMP. Thus RCA-LAMP can be an option for ultra-sensitive detection of samples with low virus titre. The potential applications of this advanced diagnostic tool in laboratory research on diagnosis of CLCuV, an important viral pathogen of cotton have been discussed., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) imposes formidable burden on national health systems., Objectives: This study aims to evaluate clinical profile and treatment outcome of drug resistant tuberculosis patients at tertiary care centre using a standardised treatment regimen (STR)., Methods: Retrospective analysis of 146 patients with DR-TB from Solapur district who were treated with STR from period of September 2012 to December 2014 was done. Statistical analysis of treatment outcome data was done to know predictors of treatment success of DR-TB., Results: Out of total 146 bacteriologically proven cases of DR-TB, 95 were males and 51 females. 41% of patients were residents of Solapur city and the rest from different parts of Solapur district. Out of the 146 patients, 130 (89%) patients achieved sputum culture conversion within three months. Treatment outcome of these patients was as followstreatment success in 84 (58%), 20(14%) died, 28(19%) defaulted and failure in 14(9%) patients. Three predictors were identified for successful treatment outcome of DR-TB that include urban residence, patients with chest x-ray findings of moderately advanced disease and patients whose DR-TB status diagnosed by genexpert technology., Conclusion: In resource-poor settings, well-designed STR under national programme provides satisfactory results., (© Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 2011.)