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To compare and contrast two points in time the article highlights the social impact of the WWW that was still hidden in 1989 and the social impact of the disappearance of the reading of printed books that is still hidden in 2024. These global points of interest for turning the tide are supplemented by some particulars from a Serbian perspective and a question: should world governments buy time for people to read printed books? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The symbol of the spider maintains its relevance as a component part of the symbol of communication in the 21st century, being under the www (World Wide Web) sign. The internet network has as its functional prototype the spider. It is the meaning of information transmission networks. I researched the symbol of the spider and its connotations in antiquity, in the lyrics of several Romanian writers: Lucian Blaga, Leonida Lari, Ion Hadârcă. I have tinted the image in cinematography. The article contains concepts from different fields: psychology, mythology, cinematography, philosophy, Romanian literature and comparative literature.

This paper is an exploration of the design and material considerations for creating design-led digital humanities information visualizations using open and accessible web-based tools. It considers how we might approach or even re-approach the high-level material infrastructures of the web (network/code/browser) to facilitate these goals of openness and accessibility—what could perhaps be called a series of meta-considerations when developing visualization projects for the web. It emphasizes code as a material of design—a material that is argued should not always be the exclusive domain of software developers and engineers but can instead be an open and accessible material for, in this case, building dynamic immersive information visualizations. The aim of thinking of code as material in this way is to allow for the possibility of web-based projects being easily accessed and extended by others. It uses the Glossopticon VR visualization as an example throughout.Cet article est une exploration des considérations de conception et de matériel pour créer des visualisations d'information sur les humanités numériques dirigées par la conception en utilisant des outils Web ouverts et accessibles. Il examine comment nous pourrions aborder ou même réapprocher les infrastructures matérielles de haut niveau du web (réseau/code/navigateur) pour faciliter ces objectifs d'ouverture et d'accessibilité - ce que l'on pourrait peut-être appeler une série de méta-considérations lors de l'élaboration de projets de visualisation pour le web. Il met l'accent sur le code en tant que matériau de conception - un matériau qui, selon nous, ne devrait pas toujours être le domaine exclusif des développeurs de logiciels et des ingénieurs, mais qui peut au contraire être un matériau ouvert et accessible pour, dans ce cas, construire des visualisations d'informations dynamiques et immersives. L'objectif de considérer le code comme un matériau de cette manière est de permettre aux projets basés sur le web d'être facilement accessibles et étendus par d'autres. La visualisation Glossopticon VR est utilisée comme exemple tout au long de l'ouvrage.

A number of recent studies have shown that the ability to accurately recall bound object and spatiotemporal aspects of an experienced event develops gradually in children and is greatly impaired in the elderly, reflecting developmental discontinuities in the integrity of the underlying medial temporal lobe network. Using a novel What-Where-When (WWW) visuospatial reconstruction task, the experiential memory performance of a group of healthy older adults (aged 60–80) was compared to that of a group of younger adults (aged 20–40). Both groups were equated on their general cognitive ability, their executive functioning, and on the presence of depression, anxiety, and stress symptomatology. As hypothesized, the performance of the older adults in the binding task was significantly lower, with younger participants recalling three times the amount of bound object and spatiotemporal triads than their older counterparts. Psychomotor speed was found to be lower in older adults and was the only neuropsychological index to significantly affect success on the WWW binding task. Based on this and other relevant studies, the selective associative memory impairment obtained using a non-verbal What-Where-When paradigm emerges as a marker for the detection of early pre-clinical signs of experiential memory pathology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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World Wide Web (WWW) comprises a large volume of information and provides access to the users at anyplace and anytime. By increase of resources, users have several difficulties for detecting valuable data. But, web information methods are focused on relevant data but it still not concentrated on pages interesting to the users. In order to find the interesting web pages of the user, a novel machine learning technique called Jaccard Snowball Preprocessed Tanimoto Robust Regressive Page Ranking (JSPTRRPR) method is introduced. JSPTRRPR method was used for enhancing accuracy of web page ranking with minimum time consumption. In order to achieve this contribution, the JSPTRRPR method includes two major processes namely preprocessing and page ranking. WWW comprises a number of information. The JSPTRRPR method considers the number of user query as an input. Jaccard Snowball Stem Preprocessing Model is applied for eliminating stop as well as stem words from the input user query. After that, Tanimoto Robust Regressive Page Ranking Model is carried out to rank the significant pages at the top based on the user queries. Robust regression analysis used to find the top-ranked web pages by measuring theTanimoto similarity between the user query and webpage contents. The web pages with higher similarity value get ranked at the top using the Borda count fractional ranking method. Finally, a series of experimental results has signified and confirmed that the JSPTRRPR method achieves prominent performance in terms of higher ranking accuracy and minimum false positive rate as well as ranking time by number of user query. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sikhs have had a significant presence on the Internet since the 1990s. For the most part, early web sites were clearly gendered, highlighting male-focused history, identity, and concerns, with some sites including a 'women's section'. Sikh women's specific sites were few. The scenario has changed considerably with a number of new sites developed by and for women. "Kaur Life", "Kaurista", the "Kaur Project", and the "Sikh Feminist Research Institute" reflect the needs, practices, and concerns of a new generation of engaged, reflective, and activist Sikh women, here identified as "i-Kaurs". I explore the development of Sikh women's sites, examining changes in content, presentation, and mission between the earlier and later online milieu. To what extent do Sikh women's sites offer opportunities to network, to provide safe spaces for women to exchange ideas and commentary? How do these online spaces intersect with offline Sikh religious environments? To what extent do these sites engage and reflect wider women's concerns? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper is focused on the major challenges to the legal regulation of e-government functioning giving the modern trend of wide application of social media in performing different e-government functions. The current developments in the field of e-government in Ukraine and its legal frameworks are used as an empirical base for the research. However, due to the global nature of social media, the challenges in question can be viewed as the global, or at least the supranational ones. The most important impact factor for reconsidering the e-government legal regulations is the need to utilize the existing social media. Hence, it erects the issue of adaptation of certain internal administrative procedures to the existing ICT solutions and way of functioning with very limited government’s abilities to influence upon them. One of the most important fields of usage of social media on e-governance is providing the transparency and the public information access. To that end different models of web-solutions and respective regulations are reviewed. Besides the separate attention is paid to the cross-border nature of social media, which becomes the issue in respect of their application by public authorities. This is gaining great importance in case of Ukraine, considering critical cyber-security threats revealed within the frameworks of conflict between Ukraine and Russia. Finally, the other challenge for national e-governments is the need to utilize mobile applications for providing administrative services, which also rises considerable security concerns due to involvement of an extensive number of stake-holders. As a result of these processes, there is a need to transform and rethink the current legal framework in order to provide proper balance between security and efficiency and economy of public services delivered via ICT.

Semantic Webs increasingly allow the processing of information over the Internet according to their content and purpose. The widespread use of metadata standards has, however, caused interoperability problems between different systems. Enabling users to search for different languages requires translation resources to cross the language barrier can be a serious challenge. The presented tendency to use semantic webs is an opportunity for legislation, facilitating the process of developing and providing legal regulations and managing the progress of legislative work and implementation of procedures. The aim of this article is to review semantic web theory in relation to the pitfalls of defining and applying ontology to the machine-based understanding of content stored in the network. The scope of this article is a preliminary analysis of aspects of interdisciplinary cooperation in the metadata creation phase – indexed according to the conceptual analysis (ontology) of a given field. The area of research interest was also the benefits and pitfalls of using open source, XML and the Legal Semantic Web in the common judiciary.

Introduction Understanding the relationship between brain and complex latent behavioral constructs like cognitive control will require an inordinate amount of data. Internet-based methods can rapidly and efficiently refine behavioral measures in very large samples that are needed for genetics and behavioral research. Cognitive control is a multifactorial latent construct that is considered to be an endophenotype in numerous neuropsychiatric disorders, including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). While previous studies have demonstrated high correlations between Web- and lab-based scores, skepticism remains for its broad implementation. Methods Here, we promote a different approach by characterizing a completely Web-recruited and tested community family sample on measures of cognitive control. We examine the prevalence of attention deficit symptoms in an online community sample of adolescents, demonstrate familial correlations in cognitive control measures, and use construct validation techniques to validate our high-throughput assessment approach. Results A total of 1214 participants performed Web-based tests of cognitive control with over 200 parent-child pairs analyzed as part of the primary study aims. The data show a wide range of "subclinical" symptomatology in a web community sample of adolescents that supports a dimensional view of attention and also provide preliminary narrow-sense heritability estimates for commonly used working memory and response inhibition tests. Conclusions Finally, we show strong face and construct validity for these measures of cognitive control that generally exceeds the evidence required of new lab-based measures. We discuss these results and how broad implementation of this platform may allow us to uncover important brain-behavior relationships quickly and efficiently.

Web log files are the greatest source of knowledge now days, which keeps all the information about users interaction to web. This interaction provides us the usage patterns of the user by using web usage mining. These files contain all the information about visitors of the web which is used as input for analysis. These files are converted to required formats after completing the preprocessing so Web Usage Mining (WUM) techniques can apply on these logs. Web usage mining gives us the details of user patterns. In this study we are going discover different behaviors patterns from the web proxy server log file of an educational organization with web usage mining technique. Results are based on the interest of users towards educational websites.

Millones de personas diariamente navegan a través de Internet realizando diversas actividades que solventan sus necesidades de navegación. Desde búsquedas de información académica, lectura de noticias hasta pasar horas de ocio. De esa gran cantidad de personas, un porcentaje considerable son personas que padecen de alguna discapacidad visual, motriz o auditiva. Estas personas utilizan herramientas físicas o lógicas que se implementan en sus equipos de cómputo para ayudarlas a navegar en Internet. Este artículo se enfoca en las personas ciegas que navegan todos los días a través de Internet y en el proceso de detección de estos para imprimirles en pantalla un sitio desarrollado especialmente para ellos, cuya intención es proporcionar de funcionalidades que sean de ayuda para que puedan escuchar idóneamente la información hospedada en el sitio.

Sieci semantyczne (ang. Semantic Web) pozwalają w coraz większym stopniu na przetwarzanie informacji za pośrednictwem Internetu zgodnie z ich zawartością i przeznaczeniem. Rozpowszechnienie standardów metadanych spowodowało jednak problemy z interoperacyjnością między różnymi systemami. Umożliwienie użytkownikom przeszukiwania różnych języków wymaga zasobów tłumaczeniowych, aby przekroczyć barierę językową, może stanowić poważne wyzwanie. Zaprezentowana tendencja do korzystania z sieci semantycznych jest szansą dla prawodawstwa, ułatwiającą procesy opracowania i udostępniania przepisów prawnych oraz zarządzania postępem prac legislacyjnych i realizacji procedur. Celem artykułu jest przegląd teorii sieci semantycznych w odniesieniu do pułapek związanych z definiowaniem i stosowaniem ontologii na potrzeby zrozumienia maszynowego treści przechowywanych w sieci. Zakres artykułu obejmuje wstępną analizę aspektów współpracy grup interdyscyplinarnych na etapie tworzenia metadanych - indeksowane według analiz koncepcyjnych (ontologii) danej dziedziny. Obszarem zainteresowań badawczych były również korzyści i pułapki zastosowania Open- source, XML i Legal Semantic Web w sądownictwie powszechnym.