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True bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) in the collection of the Tatra Museum of Dr Tytus Chałubinski, Zakopane. The paper deals with the species of water and terrestrial true bugs stored in the collection of the Tatra Museum in Zakopane. A total 233 specimens of 39 species were identified and listed. Four species – Grypocoris sexguttatus, Harpocera thoracica, Lygus wagneri, and Himacerus mirmicoides – were recorded from Nowotarska Dale for the first time. The vast majority of the material collected in the years 1932-1983 was obtained in the Tatra Mountains and Podhale region., {"references":["Aubertin D. 1930. Stratiomyiidae. In: Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile. Part V. Fascicle 2. British Museum, London: 93–105.","Aubertin D. 1932. Note on the name of a genus in the family Stratiomyiidae. In: Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile. Part V. Fascicle 3. British Museum, London: 284–285.","Aubertin D., Malloch J.R. 1933. Conopidae. In: Diptera of Patagonia and Southern Chile. Part VI. Fascicle 3. British Museum, London: 172–175.","Aukema B. (Ed.) 2022. Catalogue of the Palaearctic Heteroptera https://catpalhet.linnaeus.naturalis.nl/.","Bakker F.T., Antonelli A., Clarke J.A., Cook J.A., Edwards S.V., Ericson P.G.P., Faurby S., Ferrand N., Gelang M., Gillespie R.G., Irestedt M., Lundin K., Larsson E., Matos-Maraví P., Müller J., von Proschwitz T., Roderick G.K., Schliep A., Wahlberg N., Wiedenhoeft J., Källersjö M. 2020. The Global Museum: natural history collections and the future of evolutionary science and public education. PeerJ 8:e8225. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8225.","Barnosky A.D., Matzke N., Tomiya S., Wogan G.O.U., Swartz B., Quental T.B., Marshall C, McGuire J.l., Lindsey E.L., Maguire K.C., Mersey B., Ferrer E.A. 2011. Has the Earth's sixth mass extinction already arrived? Nature 471: 51–57. DOI:10.1038/nature09678.","Bionomia 2022. https://bionomia.net/Q86636785. dostęp: 30.10.2022.","Błoszyk J., Konwerski Sz. 2017. Zbiory Przyrodnicze Wydziału Biologii UAM kontynuatorem 160-letnich tradycji muzealnictwa przyrodniczego w Wielkopolsce, pp. 128–139, In: Muzealnictwo przyrodnicze w Polsce. Ośrodek Kultury Leśnej w Gołuchowie.","Burakowski B., Mroczkowski M., Stefańska J. 1973. Chrząszcze Coleoptera. Biegaczowate – Carabidae, część 1. Katalog fauny Polski 23(2): 1–232.","Buszko J., Mikkola K., Nowacki J. 2000. Motyle (Lepidoptera) Tatr Polskich. Część I. Wstęp, przegląd gatunków, geneza fauny. Wiadomości entomologiczne 19, Suplement.","Cichocki W., Cisło G. 1985. Zbiory zoologiczne Muzeum Tatrzańskiego im. Dra Tytusa Chałubińskiego w Zakopanem. Przegląd Zoologiczny 29(3) 369-374.","Cichocki W., Cisło G. 1999. Przyrodnicy i ich zbiory w Muzeum Tatrzańskim. Zakopane: 63 pp.","Gierlasiński G., Lis. B., Kaszyca-Taszakowska N., Taszakowski A. 2020. Damsel bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nabidae) of Poland: identification key, distribution and bionomy. Monographs of the Upper Silesian Museum 17: 1–98.","Gierlasiński G., Taszakowski A. 2013–2022. Pluskwiaki różnoskrzydłe (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) Polski. https://www.heteroptera.us.edu.pl.","Gorczyca J. 2004. Tasznikowate – Miridae. Podrodzina Phylinae. Klucze do oznaczania owadów Polski 18 (6b): 1–83.","Gorczyca J. 2007. A catalogue of plant bugs (Heteroptera: Miridae) of Poland. Part I. Subfamilies: Isometopinae, Deraeocorinae, Bryocorinae, Orthotylinae, Phylinae. Natura optima dux Foundation, Warszawa: 216 pp.","Gorczyca J., Wolski A. 2011. A catalogue of plant bugs (Heteroptera: Miridae) of Poland. Part II. Subfamilies: Mirinae. Natura optima dux Foundation, Warszawa: 172 pp.","Guralnick R.P., Zermoglio P.F., Wieczorek J., LaFrance R., Bloom D., Russell L. 2016. The importance of digitized biocollections as a source of trait data and a new VertNet resource. Database 2016: 1–13.","Holmes M.W, Hammond T.T., Wogan G.O.U., Walsh R.E., LaBarbera K., Wommack E.A., Martins F.M., Crawford J.C., Mack K.L., Bloch L.M., Nachman M.W. 2016. Natural history collections as windows on evolutionary processes. Molecular Ecology 25(4): 864–881. DOI: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/mec.13529.","Jaczewski T., Wróblewski A. 1976. Hebridae, Mesoveliidae, Hydrometridae, Veliidae i nartniki – Gerridae. Klucze do oznaczania owadów Polski 18(4): 1–31.","Jaczewski T., Wróblewski A. 1978. Corixidae, Notonectidae, Pleidae, Nepidae, Naucoridae i Aphelocheiridae. Klucze do oznaczania owadów Polski 18(2): 1–76.","Lane M.A. 1996. Roles of Natural History Collections. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 83(4): 536–545. DOI: 10.2307/2399994.","Lis B., Stroiński A., Lis J.A. 2008. Coreoidea: Alydidae, Coreidae, Rhopalidae, Stenocephalidae. Heteroptera Poloniae 1: 157 pp.","Lis. J.A. 1990. 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Humans are driving one million species to extinction. Nature 569: 171. DOI: 10.1038/d41586-019-01448-4.","Trebunia-Staszel S. 2018. Muzeum Tatrzańskie jako laboratorium dziedzictwa. Część I. Journal of Urban Ethnology 16: 217–231.","Turvey S.T., Crees J.J. 2019. Extinction in the Anthropocene. Current Biology 29(19): 982–986. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.07.040.","Wagner E., Weber H.H. 1964. Hémiptères Miridae. Faune de France 67: 591 pp.","Warchałowski M., Pietraszko-Warchałowska M. 2017. Niepylak apollo (Parnassius apollo Linnaeus, 1758) oraz niepylak mnemozyna (Parnassius mnemosyne Linnaeus, 1758) w kolekcji Muzeum Tatrzańskiego. Rocznik Podhalański 12: 13–19.","Wikidata 2022. https://m.wikidata.org/wiki/Q86636785, dostęp: 30.10.2022.","WorldCat 2022. https://worldcat.org/identities/viaf-284529137/, dostęp: 30.10.2022.","Wójcik Z. 2012. Tytus Chałubiński – współzałożyciel Muzuem Tatrzańskiego w Zakopanem, pp. 82–95, In: O ojcach założycielach i pierwszych budowniczych Muzeum Tatrzańskiego."]}

Large carrion beetles in the collection of the Tatra Museum of Dr Tytus Chałubiski, Zakopane. Part I. Sexton beetles Nicrophorus (Coleoptera: Silphidae). The paper deals with the species of Nicrophorus type (Silphidae) stored in the collection of the Tatra Museum in Zakopane. A total 68 specimens of 5 species were identified and listed. The vast majority of the material collected in the years 1912-1978 was obtained in the Tatra Mountains and Podhale region.

The paper presents new data about the distribution of Silphidae in the Silesian Beskid Mountains. A list of 9 species is given. First data about seven species in this area are given, i.e. Nicrophorus vespillo, Nicrophorus humator, Nicrophorus interruptus, Nicrophorus investigator, Oiceoptoma thoracica, Thanatophilus rugosus, Silpha tristis. The study showed a considerable variety of carrion beetles while pointing out the need of further research on entomofauna in study area.

The aim of this paper is to review the existing methods to minimize losses due to attacks by predators on the flocks of sheep and goats. The authors try to present up to a wide range of methods, including the practical application method and the degree of impact on the environment. Marcin Warchałowski