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Lung cancer is one of the most harmful malignant tumors to human health. The accurate judgment of the pathological type of lung cancer is vital for treatment. Traditionally, the pathological type of lung cancer requires a histopathological examination to determine, which is invasive and time consuming. In this work, a novel residual neural network is proposed to identify the pathological type of lung cancer via CT images. Due to the low amount of CT images in practice, we explored a medical-to-medical transfer learning strategy. Specifically, a residual neural network is pre-trained on public medical images dataset luna16, and then fine-tuned on our intellectual property lung cancer dataset collected in Shandong Provincial Hospital. Data experiments show that our method achieves 85.71% accuracy in identifying pathological types of lung cancer from CT images and outperforming other models trained with 2054 labels. Our method performs better than AlexNet, VGG16 and DenseNet, which provides an efficient, non-invasive detection tool for pathological diagnosis.

In this work, pompon-like structured g-C3N4/ZnO composite photocatalyst was fabricated by a two-step method and characterized through different characterization tools to determine the photophysical properties. It is discovered that the synthesized pompon-like g-C3N4/ZnO photocatalyst is composed of flake g-C3N4 coated on the pompon surface of ZnO to form a heterojunction structure. In the composite photocatalyst, the pompon ZnO has large surface area (41.81 m2/g) which can provide more reactive sites for composite catalysts, the g-C3N4 can absorb the visible light which can effectively expand the absorption range of the composite, and the heterostructure formed between g-C3N4 and pompon ZnO can effectively reduce the coincidence efficiency of photo-generated carriers. The photocatalytic performance of pompon-like g-C3N4/ZnO photocatalyst was evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) organic dyes under simulated solar light irradiation and the optimum doping amount of g-C3N4 is 10%. The stability of the composite photocatalyst was tested by five runs of RhB photodegradation under simulated visible light. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biomass energy utilization has a very long history in China, and forms an integral system, including woody plants, herbaceous plants, biological oil, charcoal, bamboo-charcoal, animal dung, paraffin wax and alcohol. Our ancestors accumulate abundant knowledge on energy in the process of energy utilization and properly select energy according to functions. Biomass energy fully satisfied ancient social-life and production by diversified measures of exploitation and utilization. Ensuring social development and the renewal of human civilization, it is indeed a precious technological and cultural heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The original ancestors gradually learnt to build a well in the process of their struggle with the nature, which was a natural product on a certain stage of social development with many social factors, such as survival pressure, environmental change, improvement of production. From the perspective of habitat change, we studies the influence of the ecological environment on the origin, shape and functions of the wells during the Pre - Qin period and their ecological protection consciousness during this process. On the Environmental Impacts on Wells during the Pre -- Qin Period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anti‑programmed death‑1 (PD‑1)/programmed death‑ligand 1 (PD‑L1)‑directed immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of advanced non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, predictive biomarkers are still lacking, particularly in identifying PD‑L1 low/negative patients who will benefit from immunotherapy. It was previously reported that farnesoid X receptor (FXR) downregulated PD‑L1 expression in NSCLC, and that FXR high PD‑L1 low mouse Lewis lung carcinoma tumors showed an increased susceptibility to PD‑1 blockade compared with mock tumors. At present, whether the FXR high PD‑L1 low phenotype predicts clinical response to immunotherapy in patients with NSCLC remains unclear. Herein, a retrospective study was conducted to examine the expression levels of FXR, PD‑L1 and CD8 + T cells by immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 149 patients with NSCLC receiving anti‑PD‑1‑based chemo‑immunotherapy. The results revealed that high FXR and PD‑L1 expression levels were associated with higher objective response rates (ORR) in all patients. High PD‑L1 expression also indicated superior progression‑free survival (PFS). Interestingly, an inverse correlation was identified between FXR and PD‑L1 expression in specimens with NSCLC. Subgroup analysis revealed that high FXR expression was associated with a higher ORR, as well as longer PFS and overall survival (OS) in PD‑L1 low patients. Cox multivariate analysis revealed that high FXR expression was an independent predictor for PFS and OS in PD‑L1 low patients. Tumor microenvironment evaluation revealed a statistically significant decrease of infiltrating CD8 + T cells in FXR high specimens with NSCLC. Overall, the present study proposed an FXR high PD‑L1 low signature as a candidate predictor of response to anti‑PD‑1‑based chemo‑immunotherapy in PD‑L1 low/negative patients with NSCLC, providing evidence that could be used to broaden the patients benefitting from immunotherapy.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) infection spread worldwide., Objectives: The aim of the study was to identify the clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with severe incidence of SARS ‑CoV‑2 infection., Patients and Methods: All adult patients (median [IQR] age, 52 [37-58] years) consecutively admitted to the Dabieshan Medical Center from January 30, 2020 to February 11, 2020 were collected and reviewed. Only patients diagnosed with COVID‑19  according to the World Health Organization interim guidance were included in this retrospective cohort study., Results: A total of 108 patients with COVID‑19 were retrospectively analyzed. Twenty‑five patients (23.1%) developed severe disease, and of those 12 patients (48%) died. Advanced age, comorbidities (most commonly hypertension), higher blood leukocyte count, neutrophil count, higher C‑reactive protein level, D‑dimer level, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score were associated with greater risk of COVID‑19, and so were lower lymphocyte count and albumin level. Multivariable regress ion showed increasing odds of severe COVID‑19 associated with higher SOFA score (odds ratio [OR], 2.45; 95% CI, 1.302-4.608; P = 0.005), and lymphocyte count less than 0.8 × 109/l (OR, 9.017; 95% CI, 2.808-28.857; P <0.001) on admission. Higher SOFA score (OR, 2.402; 95% CI, 1.313-4.395; P = 0.004) on admission was identified as risk factor for in‑hospital death., Conclusions: Lymphocytopenia and a higher SOFA score on admission could help clinicians to identify patients at high risk for developing severe COVID‑19. More related studies are needed in the future.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare between the clinical efficacy of laparotomy and laparoscopic radical resection of gastric cancer and their effects on C-reactive protein (CRP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and insulin resistance., Methods: 210 patients with gastric cancer admitted to Dongying People's Hospital from September 2013 to July 2015 were included in this study. The patients were divided according to surgery type into the laparotomy group (n = 104) and the laparoscopy group (n = 106). The operative time, intraoperative bleeding, lymph node dissection, postoperative exhaust time and postoperative complications were recorded. Peripheral blood CRP and CEA levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Fasting blood glucose (FBG), AND fasting insulin (FINS) levels were measured before operation and 1, 3 and 7 days after operation. All patients were followed up by telephone and letters for 5 years. The patients in the two groups were investigated by a quality of life questionnaire., Results: The intraoperative bleeding and postoperative exhaust time in THE laparoscopy group were significantly lower than those in the traditional laparotomy group, while the operative time and the number of lymph node dissections were higher. The CRP and CEA in the laparoscopy group were significantly lower than in the laparotomy group on the 1ST, 2ND and 3RD day after operation (p<0.05). The FBG, FINS and HOMA-IR in the laparoscopy group were significantly lower than those in the laparotomy group on the 1ST and 3RD day after operation (p<0.05). The scores of quality of life in the laparoscopy group were lower than those in the laparotomy group (p<0.05)., Conclusion: In conclusion, laparoscopic radical resection of gastric cancer can reduce the levels of CRP, CEA and insulin resistance, while the degree of inflammation and insulin resistance after laparoscopy is lower than that after laparotomy, which is beneficial to postoperative recovery.