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Aiming at the problem of insufficient accuracy in wind power prediction caused by the lack of target meteorological forecast data, a wind power prediction method based on spatial correlation and Stacking ensemble learning is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the spatial correlation between the target wind farm and adjacent meteorological stations is analyzed. The delay time is determined based on the extreme points of the correlation coefficient, and a wind speed time-shift dataset is constructed. Secondly, the Stacking ensemble method is used to integrate multiple algorithms to predict the wind power of the target wind farm from multiple data observation perspectives. It leverages the complementary advantages of different algorithms, enhancing overall generalization ability. Additionally, it can effectively balance search time and model performance by adopting the particle swarm optimization algorithm to search for model hyperparameters. Finally, the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method have been verified by the measured data from a wind farm in East China. The results show that it can effectively improve the wind power prediction accuracy in the case of missing data by considering the information bias at different locations with the data input and prediction models.

High-velocity air-fuel spray （HVAF） technology was used to prepare two kinds of Al-based amorphous alloy coatings with high porosity （HP） of 1.36% and low porosity （LP） of 0.86%. The effects of porosities on the corrosion behavior of Al-based amorphous alloy coatings were studied. The porosities and microstructures of the coatings were analyzed by scanning electron microscope （SEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD） combined with three-dimensional X-ray tomography （3D XRT）. The corrosion properties of the coatings were studied by electrochemical testing system and contact angle measuring instrument. The passive film components of the two coatings were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. The results show that the self-corrosion current density （Icorr） and pitting potential （Epit） of the LP coatings are 3.0×10-6 A/cm2 and -0.40 V， respectively. The Icorr and Epit for HP coatings are 6.0×10－6 A/cm2 and -0.47 V， respectively， signifying that the LP coating has better resistance to the localized corrosion； the charge transfer resistance （Rct） of LP coatings is about twice than that of HP coating； the LP coating has a larger contact angle， which proves that LP coating has better hydrophobicity and stronger corrosion resistance； the contents of RE2O3 in the passive film formed on the LP coating are larger， which further indicates that LP coating has better corrosion resistance.

Abstract [Objective] This study aims to examine the effects of container type and specification on the growth, blooming, and physiology of purple-leaf Lagerstroemia indica seedlings. The goal is to examine the optimal seedling container for the cultivation of purple-leaf L. indica seedlings and to provide basis for effective seedling breeding in containers. [Methods] Taking the excellent new variety ‘Ebony Embers’ of purple-leaf L. indica as research materials. Three type containers, black plastic nutrient cups (C1), white nonwoven beauty planting bags (C2), and black root-control containers (C3), with three specifications (diameter×height, cm) of 16×16 (D1), 21×21 (D2), and 25×25 (D3), were selected to set nine treatments. Seedlings under different treatments were measured for growth, flowering, and physiological indexes. [Results] (1) Different nursery containers had significant effects on the growth, flowering, and physiology of purple-leaf L. indica seedlings. The growth, root system, biomass, flowering period, flower diameter, inflorescence, soluble protein content, soluble sugar content, relative chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and other indexes in the same container type were increased with the increase in the specification of the containers. (2) Diameter growth, total root length, total root surface area, total root volume, number of root tips, aboveground dry mass, belowground dry mass, total dry mass, and flowering time were greatest in the C3D3 treatment, which was higher than the smallest C1D1 treatment by 817.12%, 108.12%, 94.60%, 75.66%, 144.14%, 135.67%, 228.45%, 164.65% and 34.48%, respectively. Seedling height growth, crown growth, leaf area, and inflorescence length and width were the highest in the C1D3 treatment, which was higher than the lowest C1D1 treatment by 116.05%, 81.39%, 114.95%, 70.44%, and 65.79%, respectively. Relative chlorophyll content and water use efficiency were the greatest in the C3D3 treatment, while soluble protein and soluble sugar content, net photosynthetic rate, and stomatal conductance were the highest in the C1D3 treatment. The intercellular CO2 concentration and water use efficiency did not differ significantly among the treatments. (3) The comprehensive analysis score for each index was as follows: C3D3>C1D3>C2D3 >C3D2>C2D2>C1D2>C2D1>C3D1>C1D1. [Conclusion] The black root-control container performs well in terms of diameter growth, root growth index, biomass, flowering time and diameter, relative chlorophyll content, and net photosynthetic rate. The most suitable container for 2-year-old seedlings of purple- leaf L. indica is the black root-control container with a diameter of 25 cm and a height of 25 cm.

AIM: To compare and observe the accuracy of five intraocular lens(IOL)power calculation formulas in patients with cataracts who have previously undergone corneal refractive surgery.METHODS: Prospective case series study. A total of 23 cataract patients(34 eyes)with a history of myopic corneal refractive surgery at Jinan Mingshui Eye Hospital from September 2021 to March 2023 were collected, including 1 eye treated with photorefractive keratectomy(PRK)and 22 patients(33 eyes)treated with laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis(LASIK). Preoperative ocular biometry was performed using the IOL Master 700, while corneal true net refractive power(TNP)was measured via Pentacam analyzer. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography(OCT)was used to assesse net corneal power(NCP), posterior corneal refractive power, and central corneal thickness(CCT). The Shammas, Haigis-L, Potvin-Hill Pentacam, OCT, and Barrett True K formulas were utilized for IOL power calculations, with the optimal power selected accordingly. At 1 mo postoperatively, actual refractive outcomes were determined through subjective refraction, based on objective optometry results. The refractive prediction error(RPE)and refractive absolute error(RAE)of each formula were calculated and compared, and the percentage of eyes with RAE ≤0.5 D and ≤1.0 D was counted.RESULTS: No significant statistical difference was found in the RPE of the five formulas when compared to zero(all P>0.05), nor were there significant differences in RPE and RAE among the formulas(F=0.554, P=0.696; H=4.402, P=0.354). The RAE was within ≤0.5 D for 26 eyes(76%)using the Potvin-Hill Pentacam formula and for 24 eyes(71%)using the Barrett True K formula, with both formulas achieving an RAE within ≤1.0D in 33 eyes(97%).CONCLUSIONS: The Barrett True K and Potvin-Hill Pentacam formulas demonstrated high predictive accuracy for IOL power calculations in post-corneal refractive surgery cataract patients. Given the variability in corneal refractive power among these patients, further research on IOL power calculation is warranted. Clinically, it is advisable to consider a range of formulas for optimal outcomes.

NiCoCrAlYNbHfTa powders were prepared by using the argon gas atomization method through the composite modification of Nb, Hf and Ta elements. The oxidation performance of the prepared powders was compared with that of commercial NiCoCrAlY powder at 1200 ℃ for 24, 48 h and 72 h. The phase, microstructure, and elemental distribution of the powders were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The isothermal oxidation experiments were conducted to compare the high-temperature oxidation performance of the two powders. The results indicate that the prepared powders have good sphericity, and the elemental distribution within the spheres is uniform. The NiCoCrAlYNbHfTa powders consist primarily of the β phase and the γ/γ' phases, and commercially available NiCoCrAlY powders are composed of the γ/γ' phase.NiCoCrAlYNbHfTa powder can rapidly form a dense oxide layer, effectively slowing the diffusion and consumption of Al. Conversely, commercial NiCoCrAlY powder consumes Al at a faster rate after isothermal oxidation. The two powders show similar overall trends in oxidation mass gain curves. However, commercial NiCoCrAlY powder has a longer initial oxidation period with rapid depletion of the Al element. In comparison with the commercial powder, the NiCoCrAlYNbHfTa powder exhibits superior high-temperature oxidation and anti-sintering performance.

With the development of industrial IoT and the arrival of smart manufacturing, the field of edge computing has gained more and more attention. However, traditional industrial computing scenarios relying on industrial clouds make data latency a greater challenge. In this paper, for the contradiction between edge devices and task resource allocation encountered in edge computing scenarios in smart manufacturing, we propose an industrial internet task scheduling model for smart manufacturing and introduce a scheduling node state matrix to realize the state management of each scheduling subtask. Aiming at the problem of multiple tasks seizing resources in a complex, intelligent manufacturing environment, the study combines the caching mechanism to realize the task offloading computational processing of order scheduling, in which the caching mechanism is used to solve the problem of computational resource limitations at the edge. It is found through simulation that when the computational task factor ξk =2 is larger, more offloading power is allowed to be transmitted to the edge ser ver for computation. For computational tasks with smaller task factor ξk, the device tends to allocate more computational rate to that computational task. Eventually the data queue length will be continuously reduced and the data queue is concentrated in the interval of very small values, this result verifies that the task scheduling algorithm is able to perform task scheduling efficiently and reduce the latency.

As the core of park intelligence, the smart park energy control platform realizes the efficient management and optimal use of park energy by integrating and applying IoT technology. This study focuses on the research development and application of a smart park energy management and control platform using IoT technology, firstly constructing the IoT smart park platform, designing the login module, the park information module, and the energy consumption analysis module, and describing the steps of the smart park energy collection algorithm, and then designing the model of the energy prediction and planning algorithms, i.e.In the construction of the LSTM heating temperature prediction model and the GRU network modeling. Testing and research can be done by using a smart park as an example. The empirical study shows that the construction of the IoT smart park platform can improve the accuracy of monitoring, and the difference between the actual collection results and the system monitoring results is no more than 0.03 kW. After optimizing the configuration, the park’s energy supply system can meet the electric heating and cooling loads with optimal efficiency. Through the comprehensive evaluation of the operation of the extensive energy information monitoring platform, the environmental pollutant emissions are reduced by about 20%, and the platform has a remarkable effect on energy saving and emission reduction.

This paper first calculates carbon emissions based on the carbon emission factor method and other methods and constructs a linear programming model for low-carbon operation of smart parks with economy, independence, and carbon emissions as objective functions, and constrains them from four aspects: power grid, natural gas pipeline network, equipment output, and energy storage battery limit. The problem can be solved using the sparrow optimization algorithm. Finally, the carbon emissions, power dispatching, and power consumption of the sample parks under the low-carbon operation control mode were analyzed. The results show that the carbon emissions of the park are reduced by 2035.93kg, and the total operating cost is reduced by 1680.11 yuan during the typical daily operation in summer after the intelligent optimization algorithm is used. The park’s carbon emissions decreased by 1686.53kg, and the total operating cost decreased by 1582.42 yuan during the typical daily operation in winter. The importance of this study lies in the low-carbon and modernization of smart parks.

Aimed at the low accuracy of loudspeaker abnormal sound classification, an abnormal sound classification method based on the combination of adaptive variational mode decomposition (AVMD) and residual convolutional neural network (RCNN) is proposed. In AVMD, the grey wolf optimizer (GWO) algorithm was used to optimize the quadratic penalty factor (α) and modal decomposition number (K) of the variational mode decomposition (VMD), and then the VMD was used to extract the features. Finally, the random forest recursive feature elimination (RF-RFE) algorithm was used to extract the optimal feature data, and residual network (ResNet) was introduced by RCNN-3 to classify abnormal sound based on convolutional neural network (CNN). The experimental results show that the proposed method has better classification accuracy and stability, and its average classification accuracy can reach 99.3%.

Al-70%Sn (mass fraction) core-shell structure particles with small size distribution, high sphericity and consistent external morphology were successfully prepared by pulsated orifice ejection method(POEM). The effects of particle size, superheat degree and gas atmosphere on the internal morphology were investigated. The formation mechanism of core-shell structure particle with an Al-rich core and a Sn-rich shell was discussed by electron probe micro-analyzer, energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis and cooling rate simulation. The results show that with the increase of particle size, the internal morphology of particles changes from non-core-shell structure to core-shell structure of liquid globule aggregated towards the core type, regular core-shell type and the core deviated from the center type. The true core volume fraction of regular core-shell structure particles was calculated by the section correction method. It was found that within the region of liquid phase separation initiated, the true core volume fraction of regular core-shell structure particles increase with the increase of the undercooling degree. This method can be used to estimate the undercooling degree at which liquid phase separation initiated of regular core-shell structure particles.

In the operation of secondary circuits for power generation, a substantial number of various types of switching components are utilized. The primary types of secondary switching components employed include time relays, intermediate relays, auxiliary switches, and limit switches. These components occupy critical positions in the secondary circuit, where failures can easily lead to accidents affecting the safety of power generation. The testing institutions of power generation enterprises face challenges such as inadequate capabilities for component verification and testing, resulting in uncontrollable component performance. This paper discusses the necessary aspects of detecting secondary switching components, explores detection methods, and addresses the lack of self-inspection schemes for enterprises in conducting secondary switching component detection.

【Objective】 Root growth and its consequence for water and nutrient uptake from soils are modulated by a multitude of biotic and abiotic factors. The aim of this paper is to study the effect of water-nitrogen coupling on the roots of cotton in drip-irrigated salinized soils. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted in pots packed with mildly salinized soil (4~5 g/kg), with the local cotton variety Nongfeng 133 used as the model plant. All pots were drip-irrigated. There were three nitrogen (urea) fertilizations: 300 (N1), 600 (N2) and 900 kg/hm2 (N3), and three irrigation treatments: 2 750 (W1), 3 750 (W2) and 4 750 m3/hm2 (W3). We measured dry-root weight to compare the difference between the treatments. 【Result】 Irrigation affected the roots more significantly than nitrogen fertilization. When nitrogen fertilization was the same, the dry root weight increased first and then fell with the increase in irrigation amount. Along the soil profile, the dry root weight decreased with the soil depth in the 0~40 cm soil layer, and increased with depth in the vicinity of the pot bottom. Increasing irrigation amount and nitrogen application in certain ranges increased dry root weight in the soil below the depth of 30 cm. Horizontally, reducing irrigation amount led to a reduction in dry root weight in the soil distant from the emitter. Increasing nitrogen application did not promote horizontal root growth. The dry root weight decreased along the soil depth, especially in the 0-30 cm soil layer in which the dry root weight declined with depth steadily. The effect of water- nitrogen coupling on the roots was significant (P

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common diabetic complication. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as essential regulators in DN progression. This study is devoted to the research of lncRNA-myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) in DN.

AbstractFractures continuously extend and expand along bedding shale formations under the action of drilling fluid and eventually form a complex fracture network, which greatly reduces the strength of the rock. To determine the effect of the drilling fluid action time on the physical and mechanical properties of shale, nuclear magnetic resonance tests are carried out on shale soaked in oil-based drilling fluid for different soaking times. The fluid absorption rate of shale takes the form of a power function. The equations relating the shale mass, porosity, and permeability to soaking time are established. Then, in a sonic time-difference test, the change in the dynamic elastic parameters with the immersion time are observed. According to a triaxial strength test, the failure form and the deterioration degrees of the layered shale in different loading directions with immersion time are analyzed. Numerical simulation of the deterioration degree of shale under different water content conditions is carried out. When the water content increases, the collapse density of the surrounding rock of the well wall increases significantly. Finally, considering the anisotropy of bedding shale, the inclination angle, azimuth angle, and drilling fluid immersion time are substituted into the rock mechanics parameter deterioration model, the three pressure profiles of the formation are corrected, and the safe drilling fluid density window of the target interval is given.

Tibetan foxes (Vulpes ferrilata) have been confirmed as the main wild definitive hosts in echinococcosis transmission in the eastern Tibetan Plateau. However, little information is available about the epidemiology in wildlife from the perspective of the Taeniidae family, which is essential knowledge in understanding the epidemiology and phylogeography of cestode species in the Tibetan plateau. Therefore, in this study, we used copro-PCR techniques, by amplifying nad1 and cox1 gene fragments, to detect the taeniid species from Tibetan fox feces collected in Shiqu County, (Sichuan Province, China), eastern Tibetan Plateau. Phylogenetic relationships between amplified sequences and existed Taenia species genotypes were evaluated. Then, the maximum prevalence (positive PCR results from at least one primer pair) and the conservative prevalence (positive PCR results from at least two primer pairs) were calculated. Thirty-six Tibetan fox feces were analyzed. Echinococcus multilocularis (conservative prevalence ± 95% CI: 22.2% ± 13.6%; maximum prevalence ± 95% CI: 33.3% ± 15.4%) and E. shiquicus (2.8 ± 5.4%; 8.3 ± 9.0%) was detected. Meanwhile, DNA fragments of T. polyacantha were detected with high similarity to NCBI sequences (cox1, 94.0%) and to the larva sample DNA sequenced in this study (93.4%), and were supported by phylogenetic analysis. Thus, T. polyacantha might infect Tibetan foxes (5.6% ± 7.5%, 11.1% ± 10.3%). Our limited findings in the epidemiology of parasitic Taenia species suggest that sylvatic transmission cycles for a more species-rich Taeniid community must be established between wild canids and small mammals than just for the two Echinococcus species. Besides, discrepancies in different primer pairs in detecting the taeniid species were evaluated. The sensitivity of some widely used universal primer pairs was poor in detecting Taenia species from canid copro-DNA samples. It is still challenging to the development of effective taeniid species-specific molecular markers especially for non-zoonotic species.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of citrus flavone on cultured human intestinal smooth muscle cells (HISMCs) against acute hypoxia and explore the mitochondrial mechanism. Methods Cultured HISMCs were exposed to acute hypoxia with 1%, 3%, or 5% O2 (5% CO2, 94% N2) for 6 h or with 1% O2 for 3, 6, and 9 h. The cells cultured in 1% O2 (5% CO2, 94% N2) were treated with citrus flavonoids (300 or 600 μg/mL) for 6 h. Mitochondrial membrane potential and the cell apoptotic rate were determined with flow cytometry, and the activities of caspase-3 and caspase-8 were detected using Ac-DEVD-pNA and AC-IETD-pNA colorimetry, respectively. The total content of TR3 nuclear orphan receptor (TR3) in the hypoxic cells and its content in the mitochondria were determined with Western blotting. We also tested the effect of TR3 overexpression on the protective effect of 600 μg/mL citrus flavonoids in the HISMCs exposed to 1% O2. Results Acute hypoxia resulted in significantly decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, enhanced caspase-3 and caspase-8 activities, and increased apoptosis in cultured HISMCs (P < 0.05). Citrus flavonoids effectively enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential level, suppressed the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway (P < 0.05), and inhibited the translocation of TR3 to the mitochondria in the hypoxic cells. Overexpression of TR3 significantly attenuated the protective effect of citrus flavonoids on the hypoxic cells (P < 0.05). Conclusion Citrus flavonoids protect intestinal smooth muscle cells against hypoxic injury by regulating mitochondrial translocation of TR3.

In order to finely characterize the physical properties and seepage characteristics of underwater distributary channel sand bodies in a braided river delta, the particle size distribution, mercury injection, and withdrawal of low, medium, high, and extra-high permeability core samples from the TIII reservoir from 15 core wells in the Sangtamu Oilfield were compared. The pore-throat characteristics of the rocks with different deposition modes and their effects on the fluid seepage were analyzed from the perspective of the deposition processes. The statistical results revealed that the rocks formed in a continuous and stable strong hydrodynamic environment were coarse grained. The seepage capacities of the rock increased as the maximum throat radius connecting with the pores increased. The mercury withdrawal efficiency decreased as the difference between the throat radius and pore radius increased. The percentage of the throat volume without effective seepage to the total volume of the pore-throat system increased as the permeability of the samples increased. Therefore, when characterizing reservoirs based on the porosity and permeability, it is important to differentiate the energy of the hydrodynamic depositional environment of a monogenic sand body in order to improve the accuracy of the understanding of the reservoirs.

In this paper, we are concerned with the existence of multi-bump solutions for a class of semiclassical saturable Schrödinger equations with an density function:

In view of problems that underground TDOA positioning algorithm does not consider anchor position error and positioning accuracy is seriously reduced when measurement noise is large, an improved TDOA algorithm for underground positioning considering anchor position error was proposed. The anchor position error is taken as a parameter to improve TDOA positioning model, and the iterative TDOA algorithm based on convex optimization is used to solve the model. The simulation results show that the algorithm can achieve the positioning accuracy of 5 cm when position error of the anchor is 1 cm,and effectively approximate the Cramer-Rao Low Bound(CRLB) even when the measurement noise is large, which is better than the existing TSWLS algorithm and improved TSWLS algorithm.

In this manuscript, we deal with a class and coupled system of implicit fractional differential equations, having some initial and impulsive conditions. Existence and uniqueness results are obtained by means of Banach’s contraction mapping principle and Krasnoselskii’s fixed point theorem. Hyers–Ulam stability is investigated by using classical technique of nonlinear functional analysis. Finally, we provide illustrative examples to support our obtained results.

The invasion of Anopheles stephensi into Africa poses a potential threat to malaria control and elimination on the continent. However, it is not clear if the recent malaria resurgence in Ethiopia has linked to the expansion of An. stephensi. We obtained the clinical malaria case reports and malaria intervention data from the Ethiopian Ministry of Health (MoH) for the period 2001-2022. We analyzed clinical malaria hotspots and investigated the potential role of An. stephensi in the 2022 malaria outbreaks. Clinical malaria cases in Ethiopia decreased by 80%, from 5.2 million cases in 2004 to 1.0 million cases in 2018; however, cases increased steadily to 2.6 million confirmed cases in 2022. Plasmodium vivax cases and proportion have increased significantly in the past 5 years. Clinical malaria hotspots are concentrated along the western Ethiopian border areas and have grown significantly from 2017 to 2022. Major malaria outbreaks in 2022/2023 were detected in multiple sites across Ethiopia, and An. stephensi was the predominant vector in some of these sites, however, it was absence from many of the outbreak sites. The causes of recent upsurge in malaria in Ethiopia may be multi-factorial and it is a subject of further investigation.

BACKGROUND: To interrupt residual malaria transmission and achieve successful elimination of Plasmodium falciparum in low-transmission settings, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the administration of a single dose of 0.25 mg/kg (or 15 mg/kg for adults) primaquine (PQ) combined with artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), without glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) testing. However, due to the risk of haemolysis in patients with G6PD deficiency (G6PDd), PQ use is uncommon. Thus, this study aimed to assess the safety of a single low dose of PQ administered to patients with G6PD deficiency. METHODS: An observational cohort study was conducted with patients treated for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria with either single-dose PQ (0.25 mg/kg) (SLD PQ) + ACT or ACT alone. Microscopy-confirmed uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria patients visiting public health facilities in Arjo Didessa, Southwest Ethiopia, were enrolled in the study from September 2019 to November 2022. Patients with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria were followed up for 28 days through clinical and laboratory diagnosis, such as measurements of G6PD levels and haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations. G6PD levels were measured by a quantiative CareSTART™ POCT S1 biosensor machine. Patient interviews were also conducted, and the type and frequency of clinical complaints were recorded. Hb data were taken on days (D) 7, 14, 21, and 28 following treatment with SLD-PQ + ACT or ACT alone. RESULTS: A total of 249 patients with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria were enrolled in this study. Of these, 83 (33.3%) patients received ACT alone, and 166 (66.7%) received ACT combined with SLD-PQ treatment. The median age of the patients was 20 (IQR 28-15) years. G6PD deficiency was found in 17 (6.8%) patients, 14 males and 3 females. There were 6 (7.2%) and 11 (6.6%) phenotypic G6PD-deficient patients in the ACT alone and ACT + SLD-PQ arms, respectively. The mean Hb levels in patients treated with ACT + SLD-PQ were reduced by an average of 0.45 g/dl (95% CI = 0.39 to 0.52) in the posttreatment phase (D7) compared to a reduction of 0.30 g/dl (95% CI = 0.14 to - 0.47) in patients treated with ACT alone (P = 0.157). A greater mean Hb reduction was observed on day 7 in the G6PDd ACT + SLD-PQ group (- 0.60 g/dL) than in the G6PDd ACT alone group (- 0.48 g/dL); however, there was no statistically significant difference (P = 0.465). Overall, D14 losses were 0.10 g/dl (95% CI = - 0.00 to 0.20) and 0.05 g/dl (95% CI = - 0.123 to 0.22) in patients with and without SLD-PQ, respectively (P = 0.412). CONCLUSIONS: This studys findings indicate that using SLD-PQ in combination with ACT is safe for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria regardless of the patients G6PD status in Ethiopian settings. Caution should be taken in extrapolating this finding in other settings with diverse G6DP phenotypes.

BackgroundCopper[64Cu] chloride solution is commonly used as raw material for the preparation of radiopharmaceuticals, which can be used in PET imaging or as a paired nuclide for tumor theranostic. Quality control test of copper[64Cu] chloride solution for radiolabelling must be done before use, and the radiochemical purity test is the key item of quality control.PurposeThis study aims to establish a rapid and reliable method for radiochemical purity analysis of copper[64Cu] chloride solution, by screening the test conditions of stationary phase and mobile phase.MethodsiTLC-SG silica gel paper plate was used as the stationary phase, and the mixed solution of dichloromethane, acetonitrile, methanol and 0.05 mol∙L-1 HCl was used as the mobile phase. The reference solution was prepared by mixing the test solution with DTPA solution in equal volume. The test solution and the reference solution were loaded on the paper plate separately and developed using the mobile phase. The kinds of stationary phase, composition and proportion of the mobile phase were optimized.ResultsUnder the optimized conditions, the Rf of the test solution is greater than 0.9 and the Rf of the reference solution is less than 0.1, and the separation degree is greater than 1.0, which satisfies the system suitability of thin-layer chromatography (TLC).ConclusionsEstablished method in this study is simple, reliable and rapid for the detection of radiochemical purity of copper[64Cu] chloride solution, and complying with the technical requirements of European pharmacopoeia for the determination of radionuclide solution for radiolabelling.

To simulate the micro-vibration of the space platform such as satellites,space stations and so on,a multidimensional micro-vibration simulator based on the Gough-Stewart configuration was designed.Firstly,the structural design of the multi-dimensional micro-vibration simulator was introduced.The theoretical model of the simulator is established by NewtonEuler’s method.In this model,the situation of misalignment between the origin of the relative reference frame and the barycenter of upper platform and load was considered.Combining with the principle of virtual work,the equations of the natural frequencies and mode shapes could be gained.Secondly,the modal of the simulator was analyzed by the finite element method and the analytical method.The first six natural frequencies and the modal shapes were obtained.The maximum error of FEA simulation is4.17% compared with the mathematical analytical solution.Finally,a prototype of the micro-vibration simulator was manufactured and its performance was testing.The test results indicate that the effective operating frequency of the simulator is up to 100 Hz,meeting the need of the vibration test.

BACKGROUND: Understanding of malaria ecology is a prerequisite for designing locally adapted control strategies in resource-limited settings. The aim of this study was to utilize the spatial heterogeneity in malaria transmission for the designing of adaptive interventions. METHODS: Field collections of clinical malaria incidence, asymptomatic Plasmodium infection, and malaria vector data were conducted from 108 randomly selected clusters which covered different landscape settings including irrigated farming, seasonal flooding area, lowland dryland farming, and highlands in western Kenya. Spatial heterogeneity of malaria was analyzed and classified into different eco-epidemiological zones. RESULTS: There was strong heterogeneity and detected hot/cold spots in clinical malaria incidence, Plasmodium prevalence, and vector abundance. The study area was classified into four zones based on clinical malaria incidence, parasite prevalence, vector density, and altitude. The two irrigated zones have either the highest malaria incidence, parasite prevalence, or the highest malaria vector density; the highlands have the lowest vector density and parasite prevalence; and the dryland and flooding area have the average clinical malaria incidence, parasite prevalence and vector density. Different zones have different vector species, species compositions and predominant species. Both indoor and outdoor transmission may have contributed to the malaria transmission in the area. Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (s.s.), Anopheles arabiensis, Anopheles funestus s.s., and Anopheles leesoni had similar human blood index and malaria parasite sporozoite rate. CONCLUSION: The multi-transmission-indicator-based eco-epidemiological zone classifications will be helpful for making decisions on locally adapted malaria interventions.

BackgroundUnderstanding the clustering of infections for persistent malaria transmission is critical to determining how and where to target specific interventions. This study aimed to determine the density, blood meal sources and malaria transmission risk of anopheline vectors by targeting malaria index cases, their neighboring households and control villages in Arjo-Didessa, southwestern Ethiopia.MethodsAn entomological study was conducted concurrently with a reactive case detection (RCD) study from November 2019 to October 2021 in Arjo Didessa and the surrounding vicinity, southwestern Ethiopia. Anopheline mosquitoes were collected indoors and outdoors in index case households and their surrounding households (neighboring households), as well as in control households, using pyrethrum spray cache (PSC) and U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light traps. Adult mosquitoes were morphologically identified, and speciation in the Anopheles gambiae complex was done by PCR. Mosquito Plasmodium infections and host blood meal sources were detected by circumsporozoite protein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (CSP-ELISA) and cytochrome b-based blood meal PCR, respectively.ResultsAmong the 770 anopheline mosquitoes collected, An. gambiae sensu lato (A. gambiae s.l.) was the predominant species, accounting for 87.1% (n = 671/770) of the catch, followed by the Anopheles coustani complex and Anopheles pharoensis, which accounted for 12.6% (n = 97/770) and 0.26% (n = 2/770) of the catch, respectively. From the sub-samples of An. gambiae s.l.analyzed with PCR, An. arabiensis and Anopheles amharicus were identified. The overall mean density of mosquitoes was 1.26 mosquitoes per trap per night using the CDC light traps. Outdoor mosquito density was significantly higher than indoor mosquito density in the index and neighboring households (P = 0.0001). The human blood index (HBI) and bovine blood index (BBI) of An. arabiensis were 20.8% (n = 34/168) and 24.0% (n = 41/168), respectively. The overall Plasmodium sporozoite infection rate of anophelines (An. arabiensis and An. coustani complex) was 4.4% (n = 34/770). Sporozoites were detected indoors and outdoors in captured anopheline mosquitoes. Of these CSP-positive species for Pv-210, Pv-247 and Pf, 41.1% (n = 14/34) were captured outdoors. A significantly higher proportion of sporozoite-infected mosquitoes were caught in index case households (5.6%, n = 8/141) compared to control households (1.1%, n = 2/181) (P = 0.02), and in neighboring households (5.3%, n = 24/448) compared to control households (P = 0.01).ConclusionsThe findings of this study indicated that malaria index cases and their neighboring households had higher outdoor mosquito densities and Plasmodium infection rates. The study also highlighted a relatively higher outdoor mosquito density, which could increase the potential risk of outdoor malaria transmission and may play a role in residual malaria transmission. Thus, it is important to strengthen the implementation of vector control interventions, such as targeted indoor residual spraying, long-lasting insecticidal nets and other supplementary vector control measures such as larval source management and community engagement approaches. Furthermore, in low transmission settings, such as the Arjo Didessa Sugarcane Plantation, providing health education to local communities, enhanced environmental management and entomological surveillance, along with case detection and management by targeting of malaria index cases and their immediate neighboring households, could be important measures to control residual malaria transmission and achieve the targeted elimination goals.

Explorations in the past 20 years in the Plio-Pleistocene Zanda Basin (3,800–4,500 m above sea level) along the northern slopes of the Himalaya Mountains have substantially enriched our understanding of the paleoenvironments of the Tibetan Plateau and associated biologic evolution. Many elements of the mammalian fauna recovered are either new to science or shed new light about their special adaptations in this high elevation basin. Here we describe a new species of twisted-horned antelope, Gazellospira tsaparangensis, with a heteronymous spiral. Its small size and primitive morphology, such as relatively short horncore with less twisting, thin frontal bones, a lack of frontal and horncore sinuses, small size of supraorbital foramina, and lack of an anterior keel, helps to place it at the base of genus Gazellospira, substantially more stem-ward than the type species G. torticornis from the Plio-Pleistocene of Europe and western Asia. With an estimated age of 3.62 Ma, this also places G. tsaparangensis as one of the early occurrences in Eurasia, although some fragmentary records in Turkey may be slightly earlier. Considering this early appearance and primitive morphology, G. tsaparangensis once again may be a case of the ‘out-of-Tibet’ model of megafauna origin, with earlier progenitors adapted to cold environments in high Tibet before expanding their range to the rest of Eurasia.

β-Ti alloys have been chosen for biomedical applications attributed to a combination of high strength, high fatigue resistance, good corrosion resistance and more importantly low modulus closer than other metallic materials for implants and osseointegrated prosthesis to the cortical elastic modulus (4-30 GPa). However, the phase constituents and phase transformation are still under dispute. A Ti-15Mo alloy after severe cold plastic deformation is studied to reveal the phases and phase transformation by TEM techniques. Athermal ω phase was observed in all samples evidencing the high stability of ω phase compared to β phase. However, the β to ω transformation does not proceed to a completion in heat treatment. Strain induced phase transformation happens in cold-draw wires through a coordinated shuffle of atoms along the {2 1 1}planes of β phase leading to the reduction on the directions. The atomic level of shear causes the transformation of β to ω. The transformation of β to athermal ω under a train is not in a stable state but having a variable crystal structure between β and ω.