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The use of electrospinning technology to construct edible nano-delivery carriers has been one of the most important way to improve the utilize efficiency of novel localized drugs or food active components. However, it is still challenging to develop nanofibers with natural polymers due to many problems such as the toxicity of organic reagent and difficulty in forming the nanostructure. In this study, natural plant polysaccharide guar gum （guar gum，GG） were selected as the fiber forming substrate to co-load corn starch（starch，ST）, and successfully developed a edible GG/ST composite nanofiber delivery carrier. The results showed that the minimum molecular entanglement concentration of GG as a fiber forming matrix was 1.1 wt%. A series of GG/ST composite solution were prepared (4∶1, 2∶1, 1∶1, and 1∶4). Through static and dynamic rheological testing of GG/ST solution and characterization of fiber microstructure, it was found that the ratio of GG/ST at 2∶1 was the optimal concentration to obtain the uniform and smooth fiber nanostructure. When the ST content is 5w%~10w%, beaded fiber morphology in the structure and unnormal distribution of diameter was observed, and electrospinning process had little effect on the improvement of the fiber structure. This study provide a support for developing edible nano carriers and offered a basis for developing targeted drugs or functional foods in the future.

In order to investigate the wheat quality in China, representative wheat covering more than 70% of the province were collected, based on wheat cultivars and planting areas. A total of 1,971 samples of wheat harvested in 2020 were collected for quality index evaluation. The overall level of crude protein content and gluten content is high, and the average values are 14.3% and 33.1% respectively. The quality of gluten is slightly poor, and the average value of gluten index is 68. The average flour stability is 7.1 min, and 32.8% of the samples accord with the requirements of strong gluten wheat (8 min). The overall level of maximum resistance and energy of extensograph test is general, and the average values are 355 EU and 70 cm2 respectively. In terms of food quality, the overall quality level of noodles was good, with the average score reached 81, and 74.2% of the samples reached over 80 points. The overall level of steamed bread and bread processing quality are general, with the average food score are 74, and the samples with more than 80 points are 30.5% and 43.3% respectively. The cake processing quality is poor, and the samples with more than 80 points account for only 14.3%. The proportion of wheat meet the standard of “High quality wheat-Strong gluten wheat” (GB/T 17893—1999) is 7.7%, 0.007% meet the standard of “High quality wheat-weak gluten wheat” (GB/T 17893—1999), and 36.5% meet the standard of “Quality classification of wheat varieties” (GB/T 17320—2013), of which 28.3% meet the requirements of high quality wheat. and 6.6% are high quality of strong gluten wheat, The proportion of wheat meeting the standard of “Quality Grain and Oils of China - Wheat” (LS/T 3109—2017 ) is 78.4%, of which the proportion of strong gluten and hard wheat is 6.8%.

Additive manufacturing based on PTIG (pulsed tungsten inert gas, PTIG) is a branch of arc additive manufacturing technique. Its notable advantages are low cost, high deposition rate, high material utilization ratio, and suitable for manufacturing parts of large size. In this paper, the research results on the control of formation quality, microstructure and properties of the parts deposited by PTIG additive manufacturing were emphasized in view of experimental research and numerical simulation. Meanwhile, the shortcomings of current investigations were also summarized. Based on accurate prediction and accurate control on the formation quality, microstructure and properties, the research directions for further study on PTIG additive manufacturing technique in the future were put forward, including the influence mechanism of process factors on the formation quality, defects forming mechanism and the suppression measures, numerical simulation on microstructure evolution in molten pool, formation and regulation mechanisms on internal stress and deformation,and the establishment on quantitative relationship model between the microstructure and mechanical properties.

Abstract Background Colon cancer is one of the most aggressive human malignancies, with a very poor prognosis. Although it has been suggested that different isoforms of the lymphoid enhancer factor (LEF-1) have opposing biological activities, the biological outcome of aberrant LEF-1 activation in colon cancer is still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the different LEF-1 phenotypes on the growth of colon carcinoma cell lines. A deeper understanding of these processes might improve the targeted therapies for colon cancer by regulating the expression of LEF-1. Methods The role of different isoforms of LEF-1 on the growth of human colon carcinoma cell lines (SW480 and HT-29) was studied using various in vitro and in vivo assays. In vitro proliferation, migration, adhesion and apoptosis of the cells stably transfected of different isoforms of LEF-1 were monitored by MTT assay, carboxyfluorescein diacetate–succinimidyl ester staining, annexin V staining, ECM adhesion assay and transwell assay, respectively. In nude mice, the formation of neovasculature in the tumors formed by our constructed cells was measured by immunohistochemistry. All the data were analyzed using a t test, and data were treated as significant when p Results Overexpression of truncated LEF-1 (LEF-1-ΔL) in the colon cell lines, SW480 and HT29, inhibited their growth significantly in vitro and in vivo, but the full-length LEF-1 (LEF-1-FL) promoted the proliferation of HT29. Inactivation of Wnt signaling by LEF-1-ΔL reduced the expression of CXCR4 in colon cell lines, which may lead to a decrease in activities such as migration, adhesion and survival. In nude mice, the formation of neovasculature as well as an increase in tumor volume were inhibited by the short isoform of LEF-1. LEF-1-FL, however, caused an increase in all these parameters compared with controls. Conclusions These findings suggest that LEF-1 might play an important role in colon carcinogenesis by acting as a regulator. Enhanced expression of LEF-1-FL, which occurs frequently in colon cancer, may be a new target for clinical therapy.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) constitutes a significant public health concern, with limited therapeutic options to mitigate injury or expedite recovery. A novel therapeutic approach, local renal treatment, encompassing pharmacotherapy and surgical interventions, has exhibited positive outcomes in AKI management. Peri-renal administration, employing various delivery routes, such as the renal artery, intrarenal, and subcapsular sites, has demonstrated superiority over peripheral intravenous infusion. This review evaluates different drug delivery methods, analyzing their benefits and limitations, and proposes potential improvements. Renal decapsulation, particularly with the availability of minimally invasive techniques, emerges as an effective procedure warranting renewed consideration for AKI treatment. The potential synergistic effects of combined drug delivery and renal decapsulation could further advance AKI therapies. Clinical studies have already begun to leverage the benefits of local renal treatments, and with ongoing technological advancements, these modalities are expected to increasingly outperform systemic intravenous therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel and facile method for the formation of C–S bonds via Mn(III) promoted cross-coupling reaction of disulfides with dialkyl phosphites under mild reaction conditions has been achieved. This strategy allows various dialkyl phosphites and disulfides to be transferred into the desired products in good to excellent yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]