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Abstract Purpose This study utilizes a meta-analytic approach to investigate the effects of cryoablation and robot-assisted partial nephrectomy on perioperative outcomes, postoperative renal function, and oncological results in patients. Methods This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library database) were systematically searched to identify relevant studies published in English up to November 2023. The primary outcomes were perioperative results, complications, postoperative renal function and oncologic outcomes. Review Manager 5.4 was used for this analysis. Results This study included a total of 10 studies comprising 2,011 patients. Compared to RAPN (Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy), the CA (Cryoablation) group had a shorter hospital stay [MD -1.76 days; 95% CI -3.12 to -0.41; p = 0.01], less blood loss [MD -104.60 ml; 95% CI -152.58 to -56.62; p

High voltage direct current （HVDC） transmission based on modular multilevel converter （MMC） is widely used in large-scale renewable energy delivery. However， the lagged inertia of MMC controllers may undermine the small-signal stability. Firstly， the mechanical inertia of synchronous generators is analyzed， and a second-order unified expression of inertia applicable to MMC controller is proposed. Secondly， based on the dynamic and inertial delay of MMC closed-loop controller， a small-signal stability criterion for MMC controller connected to weak power grid is presented. Finally， through simulation analysis of a double-side MMC grid-connected system， the correctness of the proposed stability criterion is validated.

Objective To analyze the genome-wide profiles of H3K9 crotonylation (H3K9cr) in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) in normal or deficient folic acid (FA) by chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) in order to observe the genome-wide changes in H3K9cr status and the regulated pathway genes under FA deficiency condition. Methods The mESCs were divided into normal FA group (4 mg/L, FA4) and FA deficient group (0 mg/L, FA0). Western blotting and immunohistochemical (IHC) assay were used to detect the protein level of H3K9cr in the FA deficient mESCs and the embryonic brain tissues of neural tube defects (NTDs) mice, respectively. ChIP-seq technology was carried out for sequence identification of the obtained specific binding DNA fragments. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed and visualized by gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathways, with the aim of analyzing the whole genome of mESCs with FA deficiency and validating the regulated genes. Results Overall H3K9cr level was significantly lower in the FA deficient mESCs and the embryonic brain tissues of NTDs mice than in the corresponding normal FA mESCs and mice (P < 0.05). Neurodevelopmental-related genes such as Bdnf, Pax6, and App were down-regulated in the FA deficient mESCs (P < 0.05). The KEGG pathway analysis indicated that the DEGs were concentrated in axon-guiding, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, glutaminergic synapses and other nervous system-related pathways. Conclusion FA deficiency in embryonic stem cells participates in the regulation of neurodevelopmental genes through modification of H3K9cr, suggesting that the modification of histone crotonylation may be involved in neurodevelopmental diseases induced by FA deficiency.

In weak power grids， grid-connected inverters often suffer from poor robustness and significant harmonics. Moreover， model predictive control （MPC） heavily relies on system parameters， limiting its applicability in weak grids. To address these issues， a data-driven model-free predictive control （MFPC） strategy base on virtual voltage vectors for neutral-point clamped （NPC） three-level grid-connected inverters is proposed. Firstly， the MFPC based on virtual voltage vectors constructs numerous virtual voltage vectors through different switching sequences. Then， a cost function is utilized to pre-select and reduce the computational burden of the control algorithm. Finally， appropriate switching sequences are chosen for optimization to suppress neutral-point voltage fluctuations. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy effectively mitigates neutral-point voltage fluctuations and grid current harmonics， while exhibiting robustness to parameter variations.

Objective: To explore the effect of oleuropein on sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in vitro and in vivo and investigate the underlying mechanism. Methods: In an lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated cell model of sepsis-induced ALI and a cecal ligation and puncture-induced mouse model of septic ALI, CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry analysis were used to detect cell activity and apoptosis. ELISA and relevant assay kits were used to measure the levels of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress, respectively. Western blot was applied to determine the expression of apoptosis- and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf-2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling-associated proteins. JC-1 staining, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) assay kit, and MitoSOX Red assays were performed to detect mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP content, and mitochondrial ROS formation, respectively. Moreover, lung injury was evaluated by measuring lung morphological alternations, lung wet-to-dry ratio, myeloperoxidase content, and total protein concentration. Results: Oleuropein reduced inflammatory reaction, oxidative damage, and apoptosis, and ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction in LPS-exposed BEAS-2B cells and mice with septic ALI. Besides, oleuropein activated the AMPK/Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathway. However, these effects of oleuropein were abrogated by an AMPK inhibitor compound C. Conclusions: Oleuropein can protect against sepsis-induced ALI in vitro and in vivo by activating the AMPK/Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling, which might be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of sepsis-induced ALI.

Objective To summarize the clinical features of infection - associated autoimmune encephalitis (IAE) with different antibodies in Xinjiang region, and to explore the diagnostic value of relevant laboratory indicators for IAE. Methods A total of 47 patients with IAE diagnosed and treated in People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uiger Autonomous Region from January 2018 to October 2023 were enrolled, including 18 cases (38.30%) of anti - leucine - rich glioma - inactivated 1 (LGI1) antibody - associated encephalitis, 16 cases (34.04%) of anti - N - methyl - D - aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis, 8 cases (17.02%) of anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated encephalitis, and 5 cases (10.64%) of anti-γ -aminobutyric acid receptor type B (GABABR) encephalitis. Social demographic data, clinical manifestations, laboratory and other examinations were collected, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the diagnostic value of relevant laboratory indicators for IAE. Results The age of onset (χ2 = 9.500, P = 0.023), myasthenia (χ2 = 9.967, P = 0.019), vision loss (χ2 = 9.967, P = 0.019) and seizures (χ2 = 8.046, P = 0.045), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) white blood cell count (χ2 = 15.237, P = 0.002) and chloride (F = 4.156, P = 0.011) in patients with anti - LGI1 antibody - associated encephalitis, anti - NMDAR encephalitis, anti - MOG antibody - associated encephalitis and anti - GABABR encephalitis were statistically significant. The age of onset in patients with anti-LGI1 antibody-associated encephalitis was larger than that in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis (Z = - 2.384, P = 0.017) and anti- MOG antibody-associated encephalitis (Z = - 2.420, P = 0.016). The CSF white blood cell count in patients with anti - NMDAR encephalitis was higher than that in patients with anti - LGI1 antibody - associated encephalitis (Z = - 3.307, P = 0.001) and anti-MOG antibody-associated encephalitis (Z = - 2.835, P = 0.005). CSF chloride was higher in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis (t = 3.159, P = 0.007) and anti-GABABR encephalitis (t = - 4.592, P = 0.007) than in patients with anti-LGI1 antibody-associated encephalitis. ROC curve showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of age of onset for diagnosis of anti-LGI1 antibodyassociated encephalitis was 0.722 (95%CI: 0.569-0.875, P = 0.012), the sensitivity was 0.556, the specificity was 0.821, and the cut-off value was 54.50 years old. The AUC of CSF white blood cell count in the diagnosis of anti-LGI1 antibody-associated encephalitis was 0.706 (95%CI: 0.558-0.855, P = 0.019), the sensitivity was 0.889, the specificity was 0.571, and the cut-off value was 4.50 × 106/L. The AUC in the diagnosis of anti - NMDAR encephalitis was 0.790 (95%CI: 0.643-0.937, P = 0.002), the sensitivity was 0.600, the specificity was 0.967, and the cut-off value was 13.50 × 106/L. The AUC of CSF chloride for the diagnosis of anti-LGI1 antibody-associated encephalitis was 0.748 (95%CI: 0.598-0.898, P = 0.005), with a sensitivity of 0.722 and a specificity of 0.714, and a cut-off value of 122.70 mmol/L. Conclusions IAE with different antibodies in Xinjiang region has specific clinical features. Age of onset, CSF white blood cell count and chloride have important value in the diagnosis of anti-LGI1 antibody-associated encephalitis, and CSF white blood cell count has important value in the diagnosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis.

[Purpose/Significance] Identifying key core technologies helps to clarify the direction of future efforts, optimize the allocation of innovation resources, accelerate the breakthrough of key core technologies, and promote the development of new quality productive forces by cultivating new types of workers, updating new types of means of labor, and expanding new types of subjects of labor. [Method/Process] Given the importance of key core technology identification in empowering the development of new quality productive forces, the research clarifies the connotation and extension of the key core technologies, and investigates the qualitative and quantitative identification methods of key core technologies at home and abroad. Quantitative methods are divided into three categories: indicator evaluation, social network analysis, and text mining. A comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of each method are reviewed, and the overall shortcomings and problems of existing identification methods are summarized. Based on the analysis of the practical requirements and significance of breakthroughs in key core technologies, this study delves into the inherent logic of identifying key core technologies, which enables the development of new quality productive forces. The method of identifying key core technologies can cultivate new types of workers by improving talent management mechanisms and strengthening skills training for workers, New types of means of labor are updated through promoting technological integration and innovation and engaging in industry-academia-research cooperation and expanding new types of objects of labor by developing new production fields and analyzing market demand. In view of the challenges faced in the process of empowering new quality productive forces through the identification of key core technologies, this study proposes a practical way for empowering the development of new quality productive forces through the identification of key core technologies. [Results/Conclusions] Current research on identifying key core technologies is in its early stages and still faces several challenges, including outdated identification methods, inconsistent standards, the complexity of integrating technologies across disciplines, the need for improving accuracy of identification results, the lack of mining and using of multi-source data, and uncertainties in forecasting market demand. These obstacles hinder the process of using key core technology identification to cultivate new types of workers, update new types of means of labor, and expand new types of objects of labor, thus hindering the accelerated development of new quaity productive forces. Therefore, we need to focus on removing the obstacles that hinder the acceleration of new quality productive forces through the identification of key core technologies. A dynamic identification indicator system can be established to support the training of new types of workers, industry-academia-research cooperation can be strengthened to facilitate the updating of new production materials, and industrial development funds can be established to support the expansion of new types of objects of labor.

Polyphenol is one of the characteristic physical and chemical indexes of edible plant enzyme, which has the effects of anti-oxidation, reducing fat and anti-tumor. This paper reviews the composition of polyphenols in food plant enzyme products, the factors affecting the formation of polyphenols in food plant enzyme products, the health care effects of polyphenols, and the further research directions of polyphenols in edible plant enzymes are also prospected.

Abstract Background Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common subtype of congenital heart disease. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether chromosome aberration was associated with the occurrence of VSD and evaluate the association of VSD size, location and chromosome aberration with adverse outcomes in the Chinese fetuses. Methods Fetuses with VSD and comprehensive follow-up data were included and evaluated retrospectively. Medical records were used to collect epidemiological data and foetal outcomes. For VSD fetuses, conventional karyotype and microarray analysis were conducted. After adjusting confounding factors by using multivariable logistic regression analyses, the association between chromosome variations and VSD occurrence was explored. The association between defect size, location and chromosome aberrations and adverse foetal outcomes was also investigated. Results Chromosome aberration was the risk factor for VSD occurrence, raising 6.5-fold chance of developing VSD. Chromosome aberration, peri-membranous site and large defect size of VSD were significant risk factors of adverse fetal outcome. Chromosome aberrations, including pathogenic copy number variations (CNVs) and variations of uncertain significance (VUS), were both risk factors, increasing the risk of the adverse fetal outcome by 55.9 times and 6.7 times, respectively. The peri-membranous site would increase 5.3-fold risk and defects larger than 5 mm would increase the 7.1-fold risk for poor fetal outcome. Conclusions The current investigation revealed that chromosomal abnormalities, large defects, and the peri-membranous site were all risk factors for poor fetal outcomes. Our study also indicated that chromosome aberration was one of risk factors for the VSD occurrence.

Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP), one of the most common and serious adverse effects associated with glucocorticoid administration, manifests as decreased bone formation and increased bone resorption, eventually culminating in bone loss. Galangin (GAL) is a flavonoid extracted from the medicinal herbal galangal that possesses a variety of pharmacological activities and can inhibit osteoclastogenesis. However, the effects of GAL on GIOP remain unclear. Our study aims to explore the effects of GAL on GIOP in mice and the underlying mechanism. Our results show that GAL markedly mitigates the severity of dexamethasone (Dex)-induced osteoporosis in mice and potentiates osteogenic differentiation in mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Furthermore, GAL also significantly counteracts Dex-mediated suppression of osteogenic differentiation and autophagy in human BMSCs. GAL augments PKA/CREB-mediated autophagic flux in BMSCs and the bones of osteoporotic mice. GAL-mediated osteogenic differentiation in Dex-treated BMSCs is significantly decreased by the PKA inhibitor H89 and autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine. Collectively, our data indicate that GAL can ameliorate GIOP, partly by augmenting the mineralization of BMSCs by potentiating PKA/CREB-mediated autophagic flux, highlighting its potential therapeutic use in treating glucocorticoid-related osteoporosis.

Objective To summarize and analyze the clinical features and comorbidity of attention deficit and hyperactive disorder (ADHD) with self⁃limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (SeLECTS) in children. Methods A total of 89 SeLECTS patients diagnosed in Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from July 2020 to December 2022 were selected. The social demographic data, clinical manifestation, video electroencephalography (VEEG) results, treatment and prognosis of the children were collected. Swanson, Nolan and Pelham⁃Ⅳ Rating Scale (SNAP⁃Ⅳ) was used to assess the comorbidity of ADHD. Results 1) Clinical features: there were 49 males and 40 females in 89 cases of SeLECTS. The age of onset was 3-12 years old, with an average of (7.22 ± 2.04) years old. The main seizure forms were motor seizures of focal origin (36 cases, 40.45%) and focal progression to bilateral tonic ⁃ clonic seizures (46 cases, 51.69%), and 7 cases (7.87%) had both. Main manifestations were unilateral clonic or tonic⁃clonic seizures, drooling, strabismus or upward movement of eyes, abnormal oral movement, and throat vocalization. 2) EEG characteristics: background activity of VEEG of 56 patients was normal, and epileptiform discharge waveforms were mainly sharp (spike) waves, sharp (spike) slow waves complex, spike clusters, and electrical status epilepticus during sleep (ESES). Spike wave index (SWI) during slow wave sleep was 33.00 (19.25, 53.25). 3) Treatment and prognosis: 37 cases (41.57%) were seizure⁃free at least 6 months, and 23 cases (25.84%) were seizure⁃free at least 12 months. 4) Comorbidity: 44 patients (49.44%) had comorbid ADHD. Compared with the non⁃ADHD group, the ADHD group had a younger age of onset (t = 1.621, P = 0.002), a higher SWI (Z = ⁃ 2.134, P = 0.038) and a higher incidence of ESES (χ2 = 4.308, P = 0.038). Conclusions SeLECTS is a self⁃limited epilepsy syndrome in children with characteristic clinical and electroencephalographic features. For children with younger age, higher SWI and ESES, comorbid ADHD should be considered.

Background: According to previous studies on professional English course teaching, the evaluation of course teaching was positive, but the vast majorities focus on medical English literature reading, professional English vocabulary, and professional English translation. As an alternative, the course design based on academic learning needs under the outcome-oriented education/model emphasizes the improvement of students’ comprehensive ability in oral expression, literature reading, writing, and academic communication.

Objective To construct a regulatory network of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)-related competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) in low folate combined with methotrexate (MTX) induced neural tube defects (NTDs) mouse model, and to explore the potential lncRNAs regulation in low folate-induced NTDs. Methods Forty SPF-grade 7~8-week-old healthy female C57BL/6J mice (body weight 18~22 g) and 20 healthy male C57BL/6J mice (20~22 g) were selected to this experiment. After a folate deficiency induced fetal mouse NTD model was successfully established, the embryonic brain tissues were extracted for total RNA and RNA high-throughput sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed. The results of RNA-seq were used to carry out co-expression network construction, GO function enrichment of mRNA in co-expression network and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, construction of lncRNA-related ceRNA regulation network and other bioinformatics analysis. And the relative expression of lncRNA Xist, Sema4f and Padi2 in the fetal mouse and cell samples was verified by qPCR. Results A total of 47 differential lncRNAs (Log2FC >0.585 or Log2FC < -0.585, FDR < 0.05) were detected by RNA-seq, of which 38 were up-regulated and 9 were down-regulated. The co-expression network between lncRNA and mRNA was constructed. The results of KEGG/GO analysis on mRNAs in the co-expression network indicated that tube development (P < 0.001), collagen metabolic process (P=0.002), system development (P=0.002) and other significant enrichments were highly relevant to NTDs. Besides, KEGG pathway analysis displayed that the PI3K-Akt pathway was closely related to NTDs; lncRNA Xist, LOC102633899, 1700086L19Rik and other targeting differential genes Sema4f, Padi2, Lin28a were found in the lncRNA-related ceRNA network. qPCR confirmed that the above results in the fetal mice and cell samples under folic acid deficiency, with consistent corresponding sequences, and obviously down-regulated (P < 0.05). Conclusion In folic acid deficiency-induced mouse NTD model, lncRNA Xist, and its targeting genes Sema4f and Padi2 are obviously down-regulated.

Objective To investigate the correlation between miR-21 and peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in elderly dialysis patients. Methods Twenty-eight elderly maintenance hemodialysis patients were enrolled as the observation group from the Department of Geriatrics of Beijing Friendship Hospital from January 2020 to January 2021. Forty-seven elderly healthy check-up people were included in the control group. The percentage of T lymphocyte subsets and the expression levels of miR-21, miR-23a, miR-150, miR-100; miR-128 and miR-211 were examined in control group and observation group. The percentage of CD4+ and Treg cells and the expression levels of miR-21 were detected before and after dialysis. Results The levels of systolic blood pressure, urea nitrogen, neutrophile percentage and interleukin-6 in patients with the observation group were significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.001). The levels of estimated glomerular filtration rate, hemoglobin, glutamic-pyruvate transaminase, albumin were significantly lower in the observation group(P＜0.001), and the percentages of CD4+ and Treg cells were significantly increased(P＜0.001). The relative expression of miR-21-5p was increased in the observation group(P＜0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the relative expression of miR-21 was positively correlated with the ratio of Treg cells in the observation group before and after dialysis (P＜0.05). Conclusions There are micro-inflammation in elderly patients undergoing dialysis and the expression level of miR-21 in serum is positively correlated with the ratio of Treg cells before and after dialysis.

Objective To summarize the clinical and genetic features of children with autosomal dominant and recessive hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (HIES). Methods HIES patients were studied at the dermatology department of Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University were collected, from January 2013 to December 2021, diagnosed by both clinical manifestation and genetic assessment. The general data were summarized, the clinical and genetic characteristics were analyzed, and the similarities and differences between autosomal dominant HIES (AD-HIES) and autosomal recessive HIES (AR-HIES) were compared. Results A total of 7 children with HIES were studied, including 3 cases of AD-HIES and 4 cases of AR-HIES. There were 4 males and 3 females. All children had recurrent eczema-like lesions, recurrent skin and pulmonary infections, and elevated serum IgE and eosinophil levels. The differences between AD-HIES and AR-HIES mainly include: the main cutaneous infection in 3 children with AD-HIES were bacterial infections (such as abscess and impetigo), while in 4 children with AR-HIES, cutaneous infections were mostly severe viral infection (such as verruca vulgaris and molluscum contagiosum). There were pulmonary parenchymal changes (such as pneumatoceles, cyst and atelectasis) in 3 children with AD-HIES, whilst there were no similar changes in the lungs of 4 children with AR-HIES; 75% of children with AR-HIES had allergic diseases (including asthma and food allergy), while there were no reports of allergic diseases in children with AD-HIES. As for manifestations outside of immune system, AD-HIES was more likely to appear facial dysmorphism(such a broad nasal bridge and a high-arched palate). Furthermore, the incidence of tumor in AR-HIES was higher than that in AD-HIES. AD-HIES was mainly caused by the mutation of STAT3 gene, and AR-HIES was mainly caused by the mutation of DOCK8 gene. We reported two new mutation sites of DOCK8 gene c.1798-2A > T and c.874G > A in two cases, respectively. Conclusions For children with clinical manifestations of recurrent eczema-like lesions, repeated infection and significant increase in serum IgE levels, HIES should be suspected, and genetic screening should be carried out to make definite diagnosis and classification, to achieve better long-term management and improve prognosis.

Based on Geely JLE-4G18TDB 1.8T gasoline engine stand and optical 3D profile measuring instrument, this paper explores the rapid carbon accumulation process and characterization about carbon deposition of nozzle in a direct injection gasoline engines. By using aging accelerators, cycle conditions and long-term fuel pulse width correction coefficient, rapid carbon accumulation close to actual road conditions is achieved. The carbon accumulation situation of the nozzle was mastered in the state of the engine without stopping, and the carbon accumulation characteristics of the nozzle were characterized by optical means. The volume data, three-dimensional image and carbon volume distribution map of the injector before and after carbon deposition were obtained under the condition that the carbon in the surface area of the injector was not destroyed, which played an important role in the evaluation of the gasoline purifier and purifier synergist.

The Euro 7 emission standards for light-duty vehicles released at the end of 2022 have for the first time restricted the emission of non exhaust particulate matter from vehicles, which has attracted widespread attention from brake and tire manufacturers and vehicle manufacturers. Prior to this, there were few reports on the testing methods for brake wear particulate matter emissions in China, and most of them focused on studying the emission characteristics and composition of brake wear particulate matter emissions. This article reviews the testing methods for particulate matter emissions from light-duty vehicle braking wear at home and abroad, including methods based on inertia dyno bench, operating loss sealed chamber, actual road and pin-on-disc tribometer.

Abstract Objective To investigate the clinical effect of concentrated growth factors (CGF) combined with deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) on Alveolar ridge preservation during implantology. Methods A total of 38 patients were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups, with 19 cases in each group. The extraction sockets were filled with DBBM with or without CGF. Visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score was recorded within1 week and Landry wound healing index (LWHI) was recorded at 1, 2 and 3 weeks after operation. CBCT was taken preoperatively and 3 and 6 months postoperatively to measure and compare the changes of vertical height, width and gray value of alveolar bone at extraction site. The changes of alveolar bone contour were observed clinically and compared between the two groups. Results The VAS score of CGF group was lower than control group on the 1st and 3rd day after operation (P 0.05). 94.7% cases in CGF group did not undergo bone grafting, which was significantly higher than control group (78.9%). Conclusions The use of CGF combined with DBBM can help to reduce postoperative pain at the early stage of healing, form sufficient keratinized gingival tissue, effectively maintain the height and width of alveolar bone in the three-dimensional direction and provide good conditions for implant repair in the future.

The intrusion of foreign object on the railway tracks directly affects the safe operation of the trains. Due to the complex railway tracks environment, the existing research on foreign object detection based on image processing has problems such as weak anti-noise, poor real-time performance, and low accuracy. A real-time detection and tracking method for foreign bodies invading railway tracks based on Hidden Markov Model (HMM) Kalman Filter is put forward in this paper. Firstly, the Gaussian Mixture Model is used to extract the feature vector of the object in multiple images and generate a feature sequence. Secondly, the feature sequence of the detected object is processed by the Hidden Markov Model, and the movement railway tracks of the foreign object is predicted. Finally, the prediction result is compared with the actual results. The Kalman filter is updated according to the comparison results, and the foreign objects invading the railway tracks are finally detected and tracked. The simulation results show that the method can detect accurately and quickly and track foreign objects invading the railway tracks. Compared with the existing foreign object detection results achieved by the application of neural networks and Gaussian Mixture Models, the processing and results of the algorithm have strong anti-noise performance and real-time performance. It has high definition and an accuracy rate of 98.73%, which can further ensure the safety of train operation.

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has been developed rapidly in recent years and has been widely used in many fields. Although MALDI MSI can obtain multiple imaging data of different compounds in one experiment, the imaging analysis of small molecules with low abundance, low ionization efficiency, and matrix interference is still very challenging. In order to improve the signal response of target molecules in MALDI MSI, it is necessary to apply the on tissue derivatization to MALDI MSI. In recent years, the combination of derivatization and mass spectrometry imaging has shown excellent results for the analysis of target molecules containing reactive groups such as carboxyl, amino, and aldehyde groups. This review aims to introduce the application of on tissue derivatization on MALDI MSI, including developed derivatization reagents and pretreatment methods for derivatization, the selection of matrix and the reagent coating device. Finally, the perspectives for derivatization in mass spectrometry imaging are outlooked.

Ectrodactyly–ectodermal dysplasia–cleft (EEC) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, and orofacial clefting. Reduced penetrance is manifested in these core features and additional under-recognized features, especially in prenatal cases. Here, we present a fetus with EEC syndrome at 22 weeks gestation, in which the cleft lip and palate and the right polycystic kidney are shown by prenatal ultrasound. A de novo missense mutation of R304W in the TP63 gene is confirmed by whole-exome sequencing associated with EEC syndrome. We further investigate the reported TP63-related prenatal cases and provide a more complete picture of the prenatal phenotypic spectrum about EEC. It illustrates the potential severity of genitourinary anomalies in TP63-related disorders and highlights the need to counsel for the possibility of EEC syndrome, given the occurrence of genitourinary anomalies with orofacial cleft or limb deformities.

Nitrile rubber(NBR)-based composites modified with three kinds of imidazolium-based ionic liquids were prepared by mechanical mixing method. Curing characteristics, dynamic mechanical properties, physical and mechanical properties and friction performance of composites under the water lubricating were studied. The tribological properties of the materials were compared with the test of friction coefficient, surface morphology and wear volume. The mechanism of three kinds of imidazolium-based ionic liquids was explored．The results showed that three kinds of imidazolium-based ionic liquids had a positive effect on the cross-linking density and physical and mechanical properties of NBR. The volume change rate of NBR with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate[(BMim)PF6] declined apparently in deionized water. Three kinds of imidazolium-based ionic liquids reduced the linear velocity of NBR to mixed lubrication state from 0.180 m/s to 0.045 m/s. The linear velocity of NBR with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide[(BMim)Br] and [(BMim)PF6] was 1.800 m/s to the elastohydrodynamic lubrication. The improvement effect of three kinds of imidazolium-based ionic liquids on friction coefficient was especially remarkable in the boundary lubrication stage and mixed lubrication stage. [(BMim)Br] and [(BMim)PF6] had better effect on improving dynamic friction. The static friction coefficient and volume wear of NBR with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [(BMim)BF4] and [(BMim)PF6] had more significant improvement.

The collisionless plasmas in space and astrophysical environments are intrinsically multiscale in nature, behaving as conducting fluids at macroscales and kinetically at microscales comparable to ion and/or electron gyroradii. A fundamental question in understanding the plasma dynamics is how energy is transported and dissipated across scales. Here, we present spacecraft measurements in the terrestrial foreshock, a region upstream of the bow shock where the solar wind population coexists with the reflected ions. In this region, the fluid-scale, ultralow-frequency waves resonate with the reflected ions to modify the velocity distributions, which in turn cause the growth of the ion-scale, magnetosonic-whistler waves. The latter waves then resonate with the electrons, and the accelerated electrons contribute to the excitation of electron-scale, high-frequency whistler waves. These observations demonstrate that the chain of wave-particle resonances is an efficient mechanism for cross-scale energy transfer, which could redistribute the kinetic energy and accelerate the particles upstream of the shocks.

Abstract The occurrence of gastrointestinal metastasis from lung carcinoma is rare. Compared with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), small cell lung cancer more commonly results in this sort of metastasis. Here, we report an unusual case of NSCLC initially without evidence of distant metastasis that developed into gastric metastasis five months after the initial diagnosis, despite the primary lung cancer having a partial response to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Serial radiological examinations and endoscopic biopsies of the gastric tumor confirmed that it was a metastatic carcinoma originating from the lung. The patient received a total gastrectomy for gastric metastasis due to repeated gastrointestinal bleeding.

Liver injury and disease caused by alcohol is a common complication to human health worldwide. Chamazulene is a natural proazulene with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of chamazulene against ethanol-induced liver injury in rat models. Adult Wistar rats were orally treated with 50% v/v ethanol (8–12 mL/kg body weight [b.w.]) for 6 weeks to induce alcoholic liver injury. Chamazulene was administered orally to rats 1 h prior to ethanol administration at the doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg b.w. for 6 weeks. Silymarin, a commercial drug for hepatoprotection, was orally administered (50 mg/kg b.w.) for the positive control group. Chamazulene significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and malondialdehyde, whereas the levels of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase) and reduced glutathione were significantly restored (p < 0.05) in contrast to the ethanol model group. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6) were suppressed by chamazulene (p < 0.05) with relevance to ethanol-induced liver injury. Histopathological alterations were convincing in the chamazulene-treated groups, which showed protective effects against alcoholic liver injury. Chamazulene has a significant hepatoprotective effect against ethanol-induced liver injury through alleviation of oxidative stress and prevention of inflammation.

Shandong art is deeply influenced by Confucianism. As a big province of culture and drama, it has given birth to various kinds of operas and has strong local characteristics. Among various kinds of operas, dulcimer plays an important role as an accompaniment instrument, and is the primary instrument for many kinds of operas. Lv opera and Wuyin opera are two of the most important operas in Shandong, so this paper summarizes the characteristics and causes of the dulcimer accompaniment in Shandong local operas by analyzing the characteristics of the dulcimer accompaniment in Lv opera and Wuyin opera. Finally, some suggestions are put forward to protect and develop Shandong traditional opera.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of apheresis platelet (PLT) donation by individuals aged between 55 and 60 years. Methods A total of 45 apheresis PLT donors were recruited from Chongqing Blood Station from January 1, 2013 to May 31, 2019. They were divided into group A (aged from 18 to 30 years), group B (31 to 54 years), and group C (55 to 60 years), with 15 donors in each group. Routine blood indexes before donation, donor reaction, quality of apheresis PLT, corrected count increment (CCI), and hemostatic effect after transfusion were observed and analyzed. Results No donor reactions occurred in all the donors. Routine blood test before donation showed that the mean platelet volume (MPV) was increased as the age got older, and there was statistical difference between group A and group C (7.77±0.61 vs 8.71±1.21 fl, P < 0.05), but no significant differences were seen in other indicators. All the apheresis PLT from 3 aged groups met the current quality requirements of whole blood and blood components in China, and no difference was observed in the requirements. After PLT transfusion, all the recipients obtained significant the increment of PLT count (P < 0.01). The CCI showed significant difference between group C and group A (P < 0.05). Conclusion It is safe to donate apheresis PLTs for donors aged 55-60 regularly, and the apheresis PLT meet the current quality requirements of whole blood and blood components in our country. The apheresis PLTs could help the recipients improve their hemostatic effect after transfusion.

Fast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been attracting more and more research interests in recent years. With the emergence of big data and development of advanced deep learning algorithms, neural network has become a common and effective tool for image reconstruction in fast MRI. One main challenge to the deep learning-based methods for fast MRI reconstruction is the trade-off between the network performance and the network capacity. Few previous studies have used the deep learning-based methods in parallel imaging. In this work, a deep recursive cascaded convolutional network (DRCCN) architecture was designed for parallel MRI, with reduced number of network parameters while maintaining a satisfactory performance. The experimental results demonstrated that, compared to the classical methods, image reconstruction with the well-trained DRCCN networks were more accurate and less time consuming.

SUMMARY: Despite extensive studies on cultivated rice, the population structure and genetic diversity of the indica photoperiod- and thermo-sensitive genic male sterility (P/TGMS) lines in China remains unclear. Using 48 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, we genotyped a panel of 208 indica P/TGMS lines and confirmed three subgroups, named indica-I, indica-II and indica-III, in indica P/TGMS lines. Further diversity analysis indicated indica-II had the highest genetic diversity. The genetic differentiation between indica-II and indica-III was demonstrated as the largest among the three subgroups. Moreover, indica/japonica component identification was detected that five P/TGMS lines possess indica components less than 0.900. These results improve our knowledge on the genetic background for P/TGMS lines in China and will be beneficial for hybrid rice breeding programs.