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Objective During pipe jacking construction, aging sewage pipes within the construction area are prone to rupture, leading to sewage infiltration into the thixotropic slurry along the soil body, thus impacting the performance of the thixotropic slurry to some extent. In order to ensure the construction safety, it is necessary to study the change law of performance indicator after sewage infiltration of the thixotropic slurry. Method Using the No. 1 entrance and exit project of Baohua Street Station on Jinan Rail Transit Line 2 as a case study, combined with the construction conditions of the sewage pipe rupture due to the jacking pipe underpass at the entrance and exit of the station, the change law of the thixotropic slurry performance indicators after sewage infiltration is studied, and the sewage infiltration impact on the drag reduction effect of thixotropic slurry is analyzed by drag reduction test. Result & Conclusion After sewage infiltration, the performance of the thixotropic slurry deteriorates, with a reduction in slurry funnel viscosity and a significant increase in water separation rate and water loss. The positive charges of inorganic salts in the sewage and the negative charges of the slurry soil particles attract each other, causing the slurry Zeta potential dropping from a stable 31.0 mV to below 20.0 mV. Sewage infiltration results in a noticeable increase in the mass fraction of large-size soil particles, and aggregation and precipitation of the slurry, this is the reason for the significant increase in slurry water separation rate. Sewage infiltration also leads to the decrease in the slurry drag reduction effect, with an increase in the friction factor and pipe jacking thrust.

Diamond is considered a promising detector in radiobiological studies. However, the difference in densities between diamond and tissue imply that their energy deposition spectra are not identical, even for diamond and tissues of the same size. The energy deposition spectrum in diamond was converted to match a tissue sample of the same size. A method based on a mathematical model of energy deposition distribution and the Fourier transform was proposed. The results indicate that the spectra converted from diamond to tissue align closely with those of the tissue. Nevertheless, the applicability of this method is constrained by the mathematical model of energy deposition distribution. Thus, developing a mathematical model that describes the energy deposition spectrum under various conditions can enhance the applicability of this conversion method.

Rainfall and sea surface temperature grid data, as well as rainfall data from coastal stations in China, were used to obtain the spatiotemporal response characteristics of summer rainfall along the Chinese coast to ENSO and analyzed interdecadal changes in summer rainfall. The results show that: (1) Summer rainfall along the coast of China was significantly affected by ENSO and can be divided into three regions, with Lianyungang and Yunao as the boundaries. The Niño3.4 index was negatively correlated with summer rainfall along the Bohai and Yellow Sea coasts, positively correlated with that of the East China Sea coast, and not significantly correlated with that of the South China Sea coast. (2) On an interdecadal timescale, the relationship between summer rainfall along the coast of China and the Niño3.4 index was unstable. The negative correlation between summer rainfall along the Bohai and Yellow Sea coasts and the Niño3.4 index was significant before and after 1980 and 2010, respectively. The positive correlation along the East China Sea coast became insignificant after the 1980s, whereas the correlation along the South China Sea coast remained insignificant. (3) On the interdecadal timescale, the summer Niño3.4 index, winter Arctic Oscillation (AO) index in the previous year, and spring Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) index in current year were significantly negatively correlated with summer interdecadal rainfall along the Bohai and Yellow Sea coasts and positively correlated with summer interdecadal rainfall along the East China Sea coast. Summer interdecadal rainfall along the coast of the South China Sea was significantly negatively correlated with the spring Arctic Sea ice index in the current year. Regarding the Niño3.4 index, the high sea surface temperature in the Central and Eastern Pacific triggered a negative Pacific-Japan-type interconnection wave train in the 500 hPa geopotential height field, resulting in a decrease in interdecadal rainfall along the Bohai and Yellow Sea coast and an increase in interdecadal rainfall along the East China Sea coast. When the winter AO in the last year and spring AAO in the current year were in a positive phase, the abnormal anticyclone in the southern part of Baikal Lake at 850 hPa wind field guided the airflow in the mid to high latitudes southward, causing a weakening of the East Asian summer monsoon and a decrease in interdecadal summer rainfall along the Bohai and Yellow Sea. In addition, the strong, westward position of the subtropical high pressure in the northwest Pacific increases the upward movement, increasing interdecadal summer rainfall along the East China Sea coast. The interdecadal variation of spring Arctic Sea ice stimulates the opposite atmospheric circulation pattern that induced interdecadal variation of summer rainfall along the South China Sea coast in the 850 hPa wind and 500 hPa geopotential height fields.

Vibration analysis identifies emerging vibration problems before they become unmanageable and cause unforeseen delays. This can be accomplished by monitoring engine vibration continuously or at specific intervals. Unbalance is a common vibration issue caused by the center of mass shifting from the center of rotation, leading to misalignment and excessive vibration between shafts. To prevent this, manual monitoring is required, but it is time-consuming. Therefore, intelligent system monitoring is necessary to save time. Using a large amount of vibration, spectrum, and phase data as input, this project aims to develop a diagnostic application for motor problems based on vibration signals. Fuzzy logic is implemented in MATLAB software to process a considerable amount of input data for all vibrations, spectrums, and phases using the fuzzy logic method. A vibration meter is used to collect vibration data from the demonstration machine. All input data will be processed by the fuzzy system based on predefined fuzzy rules that must provide accurate results for the actual operating conditions of the demonstration machine. Conducting experiments will help the intelligent system correctly detect damage from misalignment and imbalance. The intelligent fuzzy logic system can accurately diagnose damage caused by misalignment and unbalance on the demonstration machine.

In order to study the corrosion resistance of three different superhydrophobic coatings (MZS-1, MZS-2 and ZnO@ZIF-8) on AZ91D magnesium alloy surface in 5% (mass fraction) NaCl solution. The microstructure, wettability and corrosion resistance of the superhydrophobic composite coating were tested and characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope, static contact angle tester, electrochemical workstation and salt spray tester, respectively. The results show that the corrosion of the superhydrophobic coatings does not occur until 192 h after salt spray treatment among the three types of superhydrophobic coatings, and the corrosion of the MZS-1 superhydrophobic coating is the most serious. The surface pitting of the MZS-2 superhydrophobic coating doesn't occur until 240 h later, and the contact angle is still high after salt spray treatment, so the corrosion resistance of the MZS-2 composite coating is the best.The polarization curve tests indicate that the corrosion current density of three superhydrophobic coatings are still one order of magnitude lower than that of the metal matrix after salt spray treatment for 240 h, showing excellent corrosion resistance. The superhydrophobic coating can effectively increase the corrosion resistance of metal materials.It can effectively prevent the infiltration of corrosive ions and provide long-term protection for the matrix because of its water repellency.

Background: Secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5) is a novel adipokine that has been found to be closely associated with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. We investigated serum SFRP5 levels during the acute phase and their predictive value for the prognosis of acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: In total, 152 AAD patients and 164 controls were enrolled in this study. Serum SFRP5 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). AAD patients were divided into high-SFRP5 and low-SFRP5 groups based on the optimal cutoff value and followed up for prognosis. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality, and the secondary endpoint focused on AAD-related events (including AAD-related mortality and unplanned reoperations). Results: Serum SFRP5 levels were significantly higher in AAD patients than in non-AAD controls, regardless of whether they had Stanford type A or B AD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed an independent association between SFRP5 and the presence of AAD (adjusted OR 1.267, 95 % CI 1.152–1.394; p

ObjectiveA TaqMan-based real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （PCR） method was established to detect Clostridium perfringens （C. perfringens） in tap water samples.MethodsThe highly conserved plc gene located in the pseudonucleus of the bacterium was amplified and specific primers and TaqMan probes were designed. After optimization， a TaqMan-based real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR detection method was established. Combined with the filter membrane method， simulated polluted water samples of standard strains containing plc genes were treated， and the established method was tested.ResultsThe established TaqMan-based method for detecting C. perfringens showed high specificity. Ct >40 were found in 13 foodborne pathogens， 3 Clostridium difficile and 1 Clostridium putrefaciens strain. The detection limit of this method was 1×10 copies/μL， showing high sensitivity. The minimum detection limit for the simulated polluted water sample was 1.0×102 CFU/mL. This method was also used to detect 4 simulated water contamination samples and 90 imported water samples. The results showed that C. perfringens could be detected in 2 simulated 1.0×102 CFU/mL-contaminated water samples， while not in 2 simulated 1.0×10 CFU/mL-contaminated and imported water samples.ConclusionThe TaqMan real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method established in this study for the detection of C. perfringens has good specificity， high sensitivity， and practical value for detecting C. perfringens in water samples.

Efficient trivalent actinides/lanthanides(Am3+/Ln3+) separation is one of the key components of advanced nuclear fuel cycle. Owing to their similar chemical behavior in condensed phase, it remains a challenge to adopt traditional liquid-liquid extraction techniques. The strategy of separating Am by oxidizing Am(Ⅲ) to its penta- and hexa-valent states has the benefit of high efficiency and large space of improvement and is attracting growing attention. The obstacle to adopt this strategy is the high oxidation potential, which impedes the efficient conversion of Am(Ⅲ) to Am(Ⅴ,Ⅵ) under mild conditions, and the low stability of high oxidation states of Am. This poses two questions to solve: (1) how to minimize the oxidation potential of Am? (2) how to stabilize Am in its high oxidation state? In this work, we surveyed the advances in the chemical and electrochemical oxidation of Am towards its separation from lanthanides. In its chemical oxidation, copper(Ⅲ) periodate was identified as a superior oxidants over bismuthate and persulfate in view of its high oxidizing power and high yield of Am(Ⅴ,Ⅵ). In its electrochemical oxidation, functionalization of electrode by appropriate ligands can significantly decrease the oxidation potential of Am and increase the overpotential of water, which circumvents the side reactions, e.g. oxidation of water. These results provide insights for the design and optimization of novel protocols for Am/Ln separation, and calls for improved understanding of the underlying mechanisms to stimulate extensive advances of efficient Am/Ln separation.

This study addresses quality control challenges in municipal road and bridge construction by introducing an intelligent monitoring approach. Utilizing three-dimensional laser scanning, we monitor roadbed settlement and deformation accurately. Compaction quality is assessed through vibration acceleration metrics from milling operations, applying a compaction monitoring value. Furthermore, a combination of regression models and stochastic processes in a Kriging function model evaluates the reliability of detecting bridge steel corrosion. In J city’s political road bridge analysis, we observed a differential settlement with the least affected areas showing subsidence within 250mm. In contrast, the most impacted point, B1, recorded a settlement of 2597mm in December. Compaction quality monitoring revealed that control error margins for E and CV indicators lie between −2.65% to 2.35% and −2.7% to 2.6%, respectively, demonstrating a narrower error range for E compared to CV.

The construction of smart classroom is an important symbol of the reform of education informatization, and its application can strengthen and enhance the construction of professional disciplines. The construction of a smart teaching model is done in collaboration with art parametric design and aesthetic assessment of art design works in this paper. The visual salient network at the pixel level of the art design is calculated by segmenting salient objects using the original BASNet model. The diffusion equation is used to calculate the visual position probability map, the probability of the corresponding position is calculated based on the layout of the visual elements, and the optimal layout of the visual elements is generated by the candidate region generation algorithm. By creating an aesthetic evaluation module, the image’s global aesthetic information is modeled, and a mapping relationship is established between the learning image and the aesthetic rating. Finally, an empirical analysis of the smart teaching mode is conducted to investigate the impact of this teaching method on students’ learning efficiency and creative ability. The results show that the comprehensive rating of 100 artworks created under the wisdom teaching mode is 3.09, which is greater than 3. The model is found to be significantly helpful for college art majors, as indicated. College art design teachers can use the research in this paper to develop more effective individualized teaching programs through effective strategic guidance.

To ensure stable tension of the yarn during winding, reduce yarn breakage rate, and improve the quality of yarn, to address issues such as speed and torque fluctuations in the speed control of permanent magnet synchronous motor-driven winding systems, we employed the grey wolf optimizer (GWO) algorithm and proposed an improved self-disturbance control strategy. This strategy combines an enhanced gain-adjustable expanded state observer with an improved approaching rate sliding mode control. Firstly, sliding mode control was introduced on the basis of traditional active disturbance rejection rejection control, which effectively reduced the peak value problem and improved system robustness. Secondly, the approaching rate was improved to increase the sliding mode convergence speed. In addition, the GWO algorithm was employed to adjust the initial parameters of the sliding mode control and effectively reduce oscillation problems. Simulations were conducted to compare the performance of the self-tuning algorithm, sliding mode self-tuning algorithm, and sliding mode self-tuning algorithm optimized by the GWO algorithm. Compared with the traditional active disturbance rejection control, the permanent magnet synchronous motor under the control of the sliding mode active disturbance rejection algorithm based on GWO algorithm shortens the time for the motor speed to stabilize from 180 ms to 40 ms after driving the winding system to adjust the speed and the instantaneous average torque increment is reduced from 105 mN·m to 70 mN·m, a decrease of 33.33%. The results demonstrate that the proposed active disturbance rejection control strategy based on the GWO algorithm can enhance the speed regulation performance of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, effectively reduce speed and torque fluctuations during the control process, improve yarn quality, and reduce yarn breakage rate.

Traditional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control algorithms easily fall into local optima in local shaded environments, and the speed of intelligent optimization algorithms is slow. A composite IP&O-SSA based on adaptive perturbation observation (IP&O) and improved sparrow search algorithm (SSA) was proposed. This algorithm adds Tent sequence initialization to SSA and Levy flight strategy to early warning personnel, and further adaptive and filtering processing was performed on P&O. The algorithm adopts a double-layer control structure, which first searches globally near the maximum power point through the improved SSA, and then slowly searches to track the maximum power point through the improved IP&O. By simulating three scenarios in Simulink:standard environment, local shading, and sudden environmental changes, the simulation results show that in the standard environment, the algorithm first tracks the maximum power point, and the convergence time is shortened by 3 ms and 16 ms compared to the improved perturbation observation(P&O) and SSA, with a tracking efficiency of 99.99%, and under local shading conditions, only the P&O method falls into local optima and cannot effectively track the maximum power point of the system. Compared with the improved SSA, the average convergence time of the algorithm in this paper is shortened by 8 ms, and the tracking efficiency is as high as 99.68%, which is 0.09% higher. It is verified that the algorithm is applicable to most daily application scenarios, providing a theoretical control algorithm basis for improving the power generation efficiency of Photovoltaic system, and reducing unnecessary power loss for the subsequent grid connection of Photovoltaic system.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical application efficacy of hydroxybutyl chitosan as indocyanine green drug carrier in thoracoscopic pulmonary nodule localization. MethodsThe clinical data of 40 patients received preoperative thoracoscopic pulmonary nodule localization in Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital from January 2022 to October 2022 was retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 20 cases using hydroxybutyl chitosan drug loaded indocyanine green localization were selected as group A, while 20 cases using indocyanine green localization alone were selected as group B. The localization success rate, localization time, surgical resection time, and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. ResultsAll 20 nodules in group A were successfully localized, 2 nodules in group B failed to localize due to pleural contamination, resulting in a longer surgical resection time in group B compared to group A ［（42.30±23.75）min vs（21.25±4.39）min, t=3.898, P＜0.05］. There was no statistically significant difference in localization time, chest pain score, and incidence of complications （pulmonary hemorrhage, pneumothorax） between two groups （P＞0.05）. There was no occurrence of hemothorax or hemoptysis in both groups. ConclusionCompared with indocyanine green alone, hydroxybutyl chitosan drug loaded indocyanine green has a higher success rate and shorter surgical resection time in pulmonary nodule localization prior to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, with good safety.

The B4C-NbB2 composite ceramics were prepared by reactive spark plasma sintering(SPS) at 2000 ℃/50 MPa using NbC and amorphous B powders as raw materials. The effects of the partial replacement of NbC with 0.1 mole fraction of TiC or ZrC on the phase composition, relative density, microstructure, and mechanical properties of prepared ceramics were investigated. The results show that TiB2, ZrB2 formed during the reactive sintering process can be dissolved with NbB2 to form Nb0.9Ti0.1B2, Nb0.9Zr0.1B2 phases respectively. The formation of these solid solutions greatly improves the densification and mechanical properties of the composite ceramics with refined microstructure. The solution of ZrB2 has a better effect than that of TiB2. The relative density, 3-point bending strength, Vickers hardness and fracture toughness of the prepared B4C-Nb0.9Zr0.1B2 composite ceramics reach 99.5%, 676 MPa, 31.0 GPa and 5.5 MPa·m1/2, respectively. The improved mechanical properties are attributed to the relative density enhancement, solid solution strengthening and microstructure refinement caused by the formation of solid solution.

The effects of UV irradiation on the chemical structure, thermal stability, surface morphology, and mechanical properties of aramid fibers were systematically studied. Changes in the chemical structure and thermal stability of the aramid fibers were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray wide-angle diffractometry (XRD) were employed to observe the surface morphology and crystal structure transformation of the aramid fibers before and after UV irradiation, respectively. Finally, the mechanical properties of the fibers were characterized using a monofilament strength testing machine. The FTIR results showed that the aramid fiber surfaces were photodegraded after UV irradiation, and new oxygen-containing functional groups appeared. The SEM and AFM results revealed that the surfaces became rough and gullied after ultraviolet irradiation. XRD results showed that UV irradiation had little effect on the crystal structure of the aramid fibers. Finally, the tensile properties indicated that the tensile strength decreased with increasing irradiation time. Based on these results, the surface chemical activity and roughness of the aramid fibers were increased after UV irradiation, which improved the interface adhesion between the aramid fibers and composite matrix while enhancing the interface force. Thus, solving the bottleneck problem of high-performance fibers, which are difficult to weave and exhibit poor composite strengths, is important. This study provides a reference for further expanding the application of aramid fibers in the field of composite materials. These applications include high-protective clothing and protective upperwear, which require enhanced interface adhesion.

After core meltdown of the sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR), the jet of molten corium interacts with liquid sodium, which is called molten fuel-coolant interaction (MFCI). The molten corium is fragmented and solidified. The formed debris is then relocated on the core catcher or in the lower head to form debris bed. The morphological structure of the debris bed has an important influence on the cooling characteristics. However, due to the opacity of liquid sodium, it is difficult to investigate the relocation behavior of melt debris flow through experiments. In this paper, a CFD-DEM coupling model was established to simulate the relocation behavior of melt debris flow. The model was validated by experimental data. Then, the relocation behavior of UO2 melt debris was simulated, and the effect of debris diameter was studied. The liquid sodium has an effect of stiction on the front of debris flow, forming a mushroom like shape which becomes smaller as the diameter of the debris increases. The liquid sodium near the central axis is most obviously affected by the debris flow, and the velocity of the liquid sodium reaches the maximum value at the upper position of the debris catcher. As the debris diameter increases, the velocity gradient and peak velocity of the liquid sodium decrease, and the vortices formed in the vicinity of debris catcher intensify, contributing to the diffusion of momentum and energy. For different debris diameters, after the debris flows are immersed into liquid sodium, the front motions tend to converge. Then, the debris flow reaches the catcher with a nearly uniform velocity. The projection curve of the top surface of the debris bed satisfies the sine function. The accumulation angle of the debris bed with debris diameter of 1.5 mm is smaller than that of 2.0 mm and 2.5 mm. Thus the porosity of the debris bed is reduced, which is less conducive to the cooling by natural circulation. The debris temperature varies little in the argon atmosphere, while drops sharply at the moment of immersion into liquid sodium. With the increase of debris diameter, the cooling effect of the liquid sodium on the debris flow is enhanced, and the average temperature drop rate of the debris flow decreases due to reduced release rate. This study can provide a guidance for the research on the cooling characteristics of core debris bed, and has a reference value for the design and arrangement of core catcher and the formulation of other mitigation measures of severe accident in SFR.

Large size nickel-based single crystal twin turbine guide vanes（TGVs）were prepared by grain continuator（GC）technology. Directional solidification was performed in a high-rate-solidification（HRS）Bridgman vacuum furnace. Then, the macro-etching test was carried out to reveal the single crystal integrality of TGVs. Scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, electron backscatter diffraction（EBSD）technology, and high temperature stress rupture experiment were applied to evaluate the actual properties of TGVs. Simultaneously, the professional finite element modeling（FEM）ProCAST software was used to simulate the directional solidification process of single crystal TGVs. The experimental results show that the formation of stray grain（SG）defect can be avoided effectively, and integrity large size single crystal twin TGVs can be prepared successfully by adopting GC technology. However, the low angle grain boundaries（LABs）defects are formed inevitably, and the boundaries angle between primary crystal and GC crystal in Vane 1 are 1.5° and 2.7° respectively. Despite the mechanical performance at high temperature degrades slightly（stress rupture life loss less than 15%, and elongation loss less than 7%）, the service performance of TGVs is still satisfied perfectly. According to the solidification process results of the large size twin TGVs simulated by ProCAST software, it is found that the initial solidification path of TGVs is optimized, meanwhile, and the undercooling condition at the leading edge of TGVs is improved by adding the GC structure. In addition, the nucleation probability of SG defect is reduced significantly, and the formation of SG defects is avoided effectively.

Aimed at the problem of severed heads caused by the large fluctuation of yarn tension in the winding process of the spinning machine, the spindle speed control method of GPC-PID optimized by particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm was proposed. First, the generalized predictive control PID (GPC-PID) algorithm was introduced to control the spindle speed, and the PID parameters were adjusted in real time to control the spinning speed. Then, PSO algorithm was introduced to improve the prediction accuracy of GPC-PID. Finally, through simulation experiments, the conventional GPC-PID control was compared with the GPC-PID control optimized by PSO algorithm. The results show that under the control of GPC-PID algorithm optimized by PSO algorithm, the speediness and stability of the system are improved, the spindle speed and torque are effectively controlled, the yarn tension fluctuation is small, and the breakage rate in the spinning process is reduced, which proves the superiority of particle swarm optimization GPC-PID control algorithm.

External dump is the inevitable outcome of surface mining. Because of the special landform, some open-pit coal mines in the middle and west of China build their dump sites on the loess base with gully development, forming the loess gully base dump with weak basement and extremely complex morphology. Its stability will become an important factor affecting the safe and efficient production of opencast coal mine. As a result, to study in Loess Gully basal dump deformation destruction of spatial evolution, in Heidaigou dump as an engineering background, based on discontinuous structural plane theory and strength reduction theory, considering the gnawing and climbing effect of undulating structural plane, the failure mechanism of loess gully basement dump was analyzed. Using FLAC3D numerical simulation method, the spatial evolution process of the deformation and failure of the dump was studied, the landslide mode and landslide area of the loess gully basement dump were determined by analyzing the maximum displacement cloud map of each section and the position of the deformation zone during critical instability. The results show that the loess gully basement can be regarded as an undulation and unfilled structural plane, and the gnawing and climbing effect will be formed under the loading and shear of the dump, that is, the irregular surface landslide of the raised shear part will occur in the dump. T Under the dual influence of the dumping load and the morphology of the gully base, the upper rock mass of the slope deforms first, and then the middle and lower rock mass deforms under the extrusion. The deformation zones located on both sides of the north-south central axis extend to the Northern Slope bottom, forming a quasi-ellipsoid deformation zone, and finally evolves into a push landslide. The research results can provide technical reference for landslide warning and slope treatment of Heidaigou dump, and provide reference for slope stability study of similar dump.

At present, in chip design companies, sample verification is carried out for mass production chips. Most of the traditional sample verification methods design corresponding test equipment based on the characteristics of the chip, and then test the chip samples one by one through the test fixture. Different chips will design different test equipment. In this paper, an adaptive and synchronous test sample verification platform scheme is proposed, which can not only test multiple chips at the same time, but also test chips with different interfaces. It can not only test the reliability experiment, but also test other functions, which greatly saves the maintenance cost of test equipment and improves the test efficiency.

Macrobrachium nipponense is a major farmed species freshwater shrimp in China and its genetic diversity is of high value in aquaculture. The construction of the Three Gorges Project has slowed down the water velocity in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) and made the water more clear, which is more favourable for the survival and reproduction of M. nipponense. However, there are lack of studies on the genetic diversity of M. nipponense populations in the TGR. In this study, mitochondrial COI gene sequences were used as molecular marker to analyze the genetic diversity, genetic differentiation and historical demography of eight M. nipponense populations in the TGR. The results showed that the M. nipponense populations in TGR have high genetic diversity. There was some genetic differentiation between the four populations in lower reaches of the TGR and four populations in the upper reaches of the TGR. We also found that there was a significant correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance among the M. nipponense populations in the TGR. The M. nipponense population in the TGR has experienced population reduction in the recent year, which might be related to the ice age movement in the Little Ice Age and human activities. This study provides a theoretical basis for the rational development and protection of M. nipponense resources in the TGR.

This study introduces a sophisticated intrusion detection system (IDS) that has been specifically developed for internet of things (IoT) networks. By utilizing the capabilities of long short-term memory (LSTM), a deep learning model renowned for its proficiency in modeling sequential data, our intrusion detection system (IDS) effectively discerns between regular network traffic and potential malicious attacks. In order to tackle the issue of imbalanced data, which is a prevalent concern in the development of intrusion detection systems (IDSs), we have integrated the synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE) into our approach. This incorporation allows our model to accurately identify infrequent incursion patterns. The rebalancing of the dataset is accomplished by SMOTE through the generation of synthetic samples belonging to the minority class. Various strategies, such as the utilization of generative adversarial networks (GANs), have been put forth in order to tackle the issue of data imbalance. However, SMOTE (synthetic minority over-sampling technique) presents some distinct advantages when applied to intrusion detection. The SMOTE is characterized by its simplicity and proven efficacy across diverse areas, including in intrusion detection. The implementation of this approach is straightforward and does not necessitate intricate adversarial training techniques such as generative adversarial networks (GANs). The interpretability of SMOTE lies in its ability to generate synthetic samples that are aligned with the properties of the original data, rendering it well suited for security applications that prioritize transparency. The utilization of SMOTE has been widely embraced in the field of intrusion detection research, demonstrating its effectiveness in augmenting the detection capacities of intrusion detection systems (IDSs) in internet of things (IoT) networks and reducing the consequences of class imbalance. This study conducted a thorough assessment of three commonly utilized public datasets, namely, CICIDS2017, NSL-KDD, and UNSW-NB15. The findings indicate that our LSTM-based intrusion detection system (IDS), in conjunction with the implementation of SMOTE to address data imbalance, outperforms existing methodologies in accurately detecting network intrusions. The findings of this study provide significant contributions to the domain of internet of things (IoT) security, presenting a proactive and adaptable approach to safeguarding against advanced cyberattacks. Through the utilization of LSTM-based deep learning techniques and the mitigation of data imbalance using SMOTE, our AI-driven intrusion detection system (IDS) enhances the security of internet of things (IoT) networks, hence facilitating the wider implementation of IoT technologies across many industries.

Proof of stake consensus algorithm(PoS) has the advantage of not requiring arithmetic power.However,the higher the equity of the node,the higher the probability of obtaining the bookkeeping rights,resulting in a very deterministic bookkeeping node and makes it easy for the rich to get richer.Once the node with the highest equity fails to book the block properly,the rest of the nodes still have to compete for the bookkeeping rights again.The probability of system stagnation increases dramatically at this point.To address these two shortcomings,a consensus optimization algorithm for proof of importance based on dynamic grouping(DPoI) is proposed.The algorithm introduces an importance assessment scheme,which calculates the importance score iValue of nodes in each round based on node activity,transaction share,time to find random numbers and reputation.Then,the nodes with similar iValue are dynamically grouped using Fibonacci series.Within the group,the DPoS voting strategy ranking is borrowed to act as an alternative node,thus forming a disaster recovery scheme to effectively avoid system stagnation.Finally,a binary exponential backoff algorithm is designed to quickly remove malicious nodes from the system,thus effectively enhancing the security and stability of the blockchain system.Experimental results show that the speed of DPoI block-out is about 6 times faster than PoI,which significantly improves the block-out speed.When the percentage of malicious nodes reaches 70%,the binaryexponential backoff algorithm can still effectively reject malicious nodes,and the reliability of the system is fully guaranteed.

Objective To investigate the effect of overexpression of murine double minute 2 (Mdm2) on the sensitivity to crizotinib in the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line H3122. Methods H3122 cells with Mdm2 overexpression were established by transfection of plasmid encoding Mdm2, and the H3122 cells transfected with empty vector (EV) served as control cells. After the Mdm2 overexpression cells and control cells were treated with different concentrations of crizotinib, an ALK inhibitor, MTT assay, colony formation assay and TUNEL assay were applied to evaluate the sensitivity to crizotinib. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of ALK, its downstream proteins and biomarkers in epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). Results Compared with the control cells, the H3122 cells with Mdm2 overexpression were resistant to crizotinib treatment, and were tolerant to crizotinib-induced apoptosis. Biochemical analysis of signaling transduction suggested that overexpression of Mdm2 failed to restore the phosphorylation of ALK and downstream molecules. Overexpression of Mdm2 also resulted in EMT and acquisition of mesenchymal phenotype in H3122 cells. Conclusion Overexpression of Mdm2 leads to resistance to crizotinib in H3122 cells probably through the induction of EMT process.

Abstract Background Classical swine fever (CSF) is a severe disease of pigs that results in huge economic losses worldwide and is caused by classical swine fever virus (CSFV). CSFV nonstructural protein 4 A (NS4A) plays a crucial role in infectious CSFV particle formation. However, the function of NS4A during CSFV infection is not well understood. Results In this study, we used RNA-seq to investigate the functional role of CSFV NS4A in PK-15 cells. A total of 3893 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in PK-15 cells expressing NS4A compared to cells expressing the empty vector (NC). Twelve DEGs were selected and further verified by RT‒qPCR. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that these DEGs were associated with multiple biological functions, including cell adhesion, apoptosis, host defence response, the inflammatory response, the immune response, and autophagy. Interestingly, some genes associated with host immune defence and inflammatory response were downregulated, and some genes associated with host apoptosis and autophagy were upregulated. Conclusion CSFV NS4A inhibits the innate immune response, and suppresses the expression of important genes associated with defence response to viruses and inflammatory response, and regulates cell adhesion, apoptosis and autophagy.

Objective The aim of the present study was to detect the association between platelet glycoprotein-specific autoantibodies and the patient response to short-term high-dose dexamethasone (HD-DXM) + prednisone maintenance treatment. Methods The data from 112 adult patients newly diagnosed with ITP who were administered first-line HD-DXM + prednisone maintenance therapy between January 2016 and January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 72 patients positive for platelet glycoprotein-specific antibodies were enrolled in the antibody-positive group, and 40 patients not positive for platelet glycoprotein-specific antibodies were enrolled in the antibody-negative group. In the antibody-positive group, six platelet glycoprotein-specific antibody types were found: 41.67% of the patients were anti-GP IIb/IIIa-positive only, 5.56% were anti-GP Ib/IX-positive only, 5.56% were anti-P-selectin-positive only, 19.44% were anti-GP IIb/IIIa- and anti-GP Ib/IX-positive, 16.67% were anti-GP Ib/IX- and P-selectin-positive and 11.11% were positive for all three antibodies. There was no significant difference in the overall response rate between the antibody-positive group and the antibody-negative group (94.44 versus 80.00%, p = .221). However, the CR rate was significantly higher in the antibody-positive group than in the antibody-negative group (69.44% versus 40.00%, p = .032). The logistic regression analysis revealed that platelet glycoprotein-specific antibody positivity and age were two factors that could affect patient response. Conclusions The present study discovered that adult patients newly diagnosed with ITP who had positive platelet glycoprotein-specific antibody test results were likely to achieve a better response after treatment with HD-DXM + prednisone maintenance.

The distributed alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM) is one of the most widely used methods for solving large-scale machine learning applications.However,most distributed ADMM algorithms are based on full model updates.With the increasing of system scale and data volume,the communication cost has become the bottleneck for the distributed ADMM when big data are involved.In order to reduce the communication cost in a distributed environment,a general form consensus asynchronous distributed alternating direction method of multipliers(GFC-ADADMM) is proposed in this paper.First,in the GFC-ADADMM,the associated model parameters rather than full model parameters are transmitted among nodes to reduce the transmission load,and the associated model parameters are filtered according to the characteristics of high-dimensional sparse data sets to further reduce the transmission load.Second,the GFC-ADMM is implemented by an asynchronous allreduce framework,which combines the advantage of the asynchronous communication protocol and the allreduce communication mode.Third,combining the advantages of the stale synchronous parallel(SSP) computing model,allreduce communication model,and hybrid programming model,the asynchronous allreduce framework and MPI/OpenMP hybrid programming model are adopted to implement the GFC-ADADMM,which improves calculation efficiency and communication efficiency of the algorithm.Finally,the sparse logistic regression problem is solved by the GFC-ADADMM.Evaluation with large-scale datasets shows that compared with state-of-the-art asynchronous distributed ADMM algorithms,the GFC-ADADMM can reduce the total running time by 15%-63%,and has higher accuracy in convergence.

Passive indoor human localization is the basis for implementing ubiquitous wireless sensing systems.However,commercial WiFi signals are easily affected by the surrounding environment in our life,which makes it difficult for existing WiFi-based indoor localization works to accurately separate the dynamic human components from the complex received signals.To address this problem,this paper proposes the WiPasLoc,a passive indoor human localization system,which achieves high accuracy indoor localization by using the channel state information(CSI) extracted from commercial WiFi devices.Firstly,the Doppler frequency shift(DFS) estimation is carried out in combination with the signal quality of the CSI subcarriers.Then,the target person signal component is precisely separated from the channel state information by using a double-window-based angle of arrival(AoA) estimation method.Finally,combined with the initial position information of the personnel,accurate passive indoor human localization is achieved by the proposed trajectory fitting algorithm.Experimental results show that the median error of WiPasLoc for indoor personnel trajectory positioning is 80cm,which is 25.9% higher than the existing typical Widar2.0 positioning accuracy.

Abstract The vulnerability of the current network has become an urgent problem to be solved. The focus of network protection should be shifted from traditional network protection to the direction of effective recovery even after being attacked and damaged, and then, the concept of resilience came into being. This paper selects physical explosion attacks to establish damaged network. An improved system resilience recovery strategy is established which considers task importance and time efficiency. Aiming at the initial population is too random, easy to mature and with poor solution, this paper improves genetic algorithm by new greedy model in population initialization and head-to-head mutation operator. Simulation shows that the improved genetic algorithm is better and more stable, the improved quotient model is more effective in system resilience recovery measured by index-E proposed in this paper.

To predict rectal and bladder radiation doses during volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for cervical cancer, a relevant model was established to guide clinical practice. Forty-four cases of cervical cancer treated using VMAT radiotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. The positional relationships of the anatomical spaces between the cervical cancer target volume and the organs at risk (bladder and rectum) were evaluated. Volume and spatial location characteristics of the target volume for the bladder and rectum were inserted as input data in a dose-volume histogram and Python toolkit for statistical analysis. The output data were the bladder and rectal V40 and D33. A mathematical model was developed to predict the bladder and rectal doses. When the actual and predicted values were compared, they were quite similar for both the bladder and rectal doses. The relative error ranges of rectal V40 and D33 were between 1.40% and 6.89%, and between 2.12% and 6.81%, respectively. Likewise, the relative error ranges of bladder V40 and D33 were between 2.47% and 6.67%, and between 0.38% and 4.28%, respectively. There were no significant differences between the actual and predicted values (p>0.05). This model can effectively predict the bladder and rectal doses needed during intensity-modulated radiotherapy for cervical cancer and could serve as a guide for radiotherapy clinical practice.

Heart failure is the end of many kinds of cardiovascular diseases, which seriously affects human's health and brings heavy economic burden to the society. The integrated traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine treatment for heart failure has been proved to be effective. In recent years, the understanding of the pathogenesis of heart failure from the respect of Chinese medicine has continued to be innovated, and "Du" plays an evil role in the progression of heart failure. Inflammation and oxidative stress turn into the focus of the researches on the accumulated physiological mechanisms of heart failure. In this paper, we reviewed the theoretical origins of "Du" in Chinese medicine, summarized the understanding of "Du" in heart failure by different schools of Chinese medicine, introduced the progress of research on inflammation, immunity and oxidative stress in the development of heart failure, and analyzed the mechanism of Chinese medicine in treating heart failure by regulating inflammation, immunity and anti-oxidative stress. We hope to provide some new clues and references for the further researches on the integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine in heart failure.

Objective To explore the feasibility of repeated use of the same mold in the brachytherapy of cervical cancer by comparing the dosimetry of the 3D-printed vaginal applicator in the pre-plan and actual treatment plan in the brachytherapy of cervical cancer. Methods A total of 10 patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma who received radical radiotherapy in our hospital from November 2019 to July 2020 were reruited in this study. All patients received concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy combined with 3D printed applicator assisted brachytherapy. Dosimetric parameters, including CT scan frequency, high risk clinical target area (HR-CTV) volume and D90 dose, conformity index (CI), Dose (D2cc, the absorbed dose received by 2 cm3 of OARs) variation in organs at risk (OARs), and short-term efficacy and 2-year survival outcome of local control rates (LCR), disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared the parameters of 3D printed mold pre-planning and multiple actual treatment plans. Paired samples t test was used to compare the parameters of pre-planning and actual treatment plans. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was applied to analyze the survival outcomes of the patients. Results Ten 3D printing applicators were designed, and a total of 84 CT scans and 47 practical treatments were completed. Only the target volume and CI of the first actual treatment plan were similar to those of the pre-plan, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The more times of close treatment, the smaller HR-CTV volume was and the better CI of target area was. Both HR-CTV D90 dose and the OARs dose met clinical requirement. During the median follow-up of 23.5 months, the 2-year LCR, DFS and OS were 100%, 90% and 80%, respectively. Conclusion The 3D-printed vaginal applicator can be used repeatedly for brachytherapy of the same cervical cancer patient, but the needle depth needs to be adjusted by CT positioning.

Neuroinflammation mediated by microglia is an important pathophysiological mechanism in neurodegenerative diseases. However, there is a lack of effective drugs to treat neuroinflammation. N-acetyldopamine dimer (NADD) is a natural compound from the traditional Chinese medicine Isaria cicada. In our previous study, we found that NADD can attenuate DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by suppressing the NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Does NADD inhibit neuroinflammation, and what is the target of NADD? To answer this question, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglia was used as a cell model to investigate the effect of NADD on neuroinflammation. Nitric oxide (NO) detection, reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results show that NADD attenuates inflammatory signals and proinflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglia, including NO, ROS, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Western blot analysis show that NADD inhibits the protein levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3), ASC and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase (Caspase)-1, indicating that NADD may inhibit neuroinflammation through the TLR4/NF-κB and NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathways. In addition, surface plasmon resonance assays and molecular docking demonstrate that NADD binds with TLR4 directly. Our study reveals a new role of NADD in inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB and NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathways, and shows that TLR4-MD2 is the direct target of NADD, which may provide a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of neuroinflammation.

Suzuki cross-coupling reaction was employed to easily obtain a triazine-based porous organic polymer (2,4,6-tris(5-bromothiophene-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine [TBrTh]–1,3,5-benzene-triyltriboronic acid pinacol ester [BTBPE]–covalent triazine framework [CTF]) containing thiophene units. The chemical structure of TBrTh–BTBPE–CTF was revealed by solid-state 13C NMR, Fourier-transform infrared, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. TBrTh–BTBPE–CTF with an amorphous structure exhibited excellent thermal stability and intrinsic porosity (373 m2·g−1 of Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area). Consequently, temozolomide (TMZ) was used as an oral alkylating agent in melanoma treatment to explore the drug loading and releasing behavior of TBrTh–BTBPE–CTF as a result of the low cytotoxicity of thiophene-based polymers. The successful loading of TMZ within the polymeric structure was suggested by thermogravimetric analysis and N2 sorption isotherms. The release experiments were performed in phosphate-buffered saline at pH values of 5.5 and 7.4, exhibiting good controlled-release properties. These results suggest that the current porous organic polymer is expected to be a drug carrier for the delivery and release of TMZ.

Since the construction and production of soft rock open-pit mines in Xilin Gol League and Hulunbuir League of Inner Mongolia, tens of thick loess-based waste dumps have been formed. Its mechanical properties determine the poor bearing capacity of the loess foundation, which is very unfavorable to the stability of the dump and leads to the increasingly serious problem of slope stability control. In view of the actual conditions of Shengli east No.2 open-pit coal mine, combined with the distribution characteristics of the dump base load, the calculation method of the soft basement base bearing capacity was proposed by improving the traditional construction base bearing capacity algorithm, and the ultimate pile height of the south dump was discussed from the angle of the base bearing capacity. Based on the principle of landslide back analysis, the shear strength parameters of basement soil are determined. By analyzing slope stability, the spatial parameters of slope are proposed. The results show that the ultimate height of the dump is not limited by the traditional foundation bearing capacity because of the triangular lateral load and the small slope angle of the dump. When the north slope height of the south dump of Shengli east No.2 open-pit coal mine is 80 m and 120 m, the corresponding stable slope angle is 15° and 14°, and the corresponding flat plate width is 53 m and 60 m, respectively.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis(LCH)and Langerhans cell sarcoma(LCS)are characterized by clone proliferation of Langerhans-type cells, which may occur concurrently or sequentially with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and other Lymphoid neoplasms. A 15-year old female patient diagnosed with T-ALL developed LCH involving multiple systems during maintenance chemotherapy of T-AL. After treated with chemotherapy with improved result, the patient showed progression of the illness and refractory to the second-line treatment. We found c.G35A (p.G12D)mutation in the KRAS gene and used the targeted drug Trametinib for treatment. The treatment proved effective, leading to partial remission within a week. Three months after Trametinib treatment, the patient developed new lymphadenopathy. Biopsy revealed the existence of LCS. The disease progressed quickly, and the patient died 7 days after diagnosis of LCS. The case of patients with T-ALL then developing LCH and LCS sequentially is extraordinarily rare. The causes of the case is unclear and may be related to cell transdifferentiation, clonal evolution, and chemotherapy. Targeted drugs can contain this disease for a short time.

With large-scale wind turbines connected to the power system, the power grid strength becomes weak, leading to unstability problem of wind turbines in DC voltage control timescale. The stability limit of double-fed induction generator (DFIG) system connected to weak AC grid is studied in this paper. Firstly, the relationship between the active power and terminal voltage of DFIG injected into the power grid and the current of the dq axes of the rotor as well as the physical constraints of the stability limit are studied, and the sensitivity is analyzed. The sensitivity of active power to rotor d-axis current is summarized. Then, a small-signal model of DFIG connected to weak grid is built. Through the eigenvalue analysis, the influence of the dynamic behavior of the control loop of DFIG on its stability limit is studied. The results show that the stability limit can be increased by decreasing the bandwidth of the phase locked loop (PLL) or increasing the bandwidth of the terminal voltage control loop with equal damping in the normal operating range, when the dynamic process of all control loops is considered. Without considering the dynamic reactive power support, the power angle of DFIG is limited to about 50and#176;. Considering the dynamic process of all control loops, the limit of the power angle of DFIG is about 60and#176;.

Frequent injections at high concentrations are often required for many therapeutic proteins due to their short in vivo half-life, which usually leads to unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes, adverse side effects, high cost, and poor patient compliance. Herein we report a supramolecular strategy, self-assembling and pH regulated fusion protein to extend the in vivo half-life and tumor targeting ability of a therapeutically important protein trichosanthin (TCS). TCS was genetically fused to the N-terminus of a self-assembling protein, Sup35p prion domain (Sup35), to form a fusion protein of TCS-Sup35 that self-assembled into uniform spherical TCS-Sup35 nanoparticles (TCS-Sup35 NP) rather than classic nanofibrils. Importantly, due to the pH response ability, TCS-Sup35 NP well retained the bioactivity of TCS and possessed a 21.5-fold longer in vivo half-life than native TCS in a mouse model. As a result, in a tumor-bearing mouse model, TCS-Sup35 NP exhibited significantly improved tumor accumulation and antitumor activity without detectable systemic toxicity as compared with native TCS. These findings suggest that self-assembling and pH responding protein fusion may provide a new, simple, general, and effective solution to remarkably improve the pharmacological performance of therapeutic proteins with short circulation half-lives.

A method for separation and determination of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxaline added in aromatic rice by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was established. The anhydrous ether was extracted(Soxhlet) after drying，purified by anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated with nitrogen blowing，and the anhydrous ethanol was dissolved. The extract was separated by an HP-INNOWAX column and then detected by a mass spectrometer，and quantified by an external standard method. The method had a good linear relationship (R=0.9994) in the range of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxaline concentration of 0.5~10.0 mg/L. The RSD of the method was 4.77%. The recovery rate of addition was within 81.00%~93.70%，and the detection limit (RSN=3) of the method was 0.05 mg/L. Results showed that the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method is suitable for rapid qualitative analysis and identification of aromatic rice.

Cerebrovascular bypass has been developed for more than 50 years. With various surgical methods and complex classification, cerebrovascular bypass has become an indispensable treatment in the field of cerebral vascular disease, especially ischemic cerebral vascular disease and intracranial complex aneurysms. In order to provide some guidance for related clinical work, this article intends to review the classification and clinical application of cerebrovascular bypass.

Objective To analyze the relationship between the preoperative relative blood glucose ratio and the safety of cerebrovascular bypass of ischemic moyamoya disease (MMD) patients. Methods A total of 178 patients with ischemic MMD who were hospitalized in Department of Neurosurgery of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from December 2016 to December 2019. A total of 186 cases underwent superficial temporal artery⁃middle cerebral artery (STA⁃MCA) bypass. The fasting blood glucose and glycated albumin of all patients at admission were recorded to calculate the relative blood glucose ratio. After STA⁃MCA bypass, the incidence of postoperative complications was counted. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors of postoperative complications of ischemic MMD. Results 186 cases were divided into 4 groups based on relative blood glucose ratio, Q1＜0.404, Q2 0.404-, Q3 0.456-, Q4≥0.534. The proportion of right surgery side in Q1 group was higher than that in Q3 group (χ2=4.762, P=0.029) and Q4 group (χ2=22.087, P=0.000), while the proportion of right surgery side in Q2 group (χ2=16.331, P=0.000) and Q3 group (χ2=7.355, P=0.007) was higher than that in Q4 group. The incidence of mild complications in Q1 group (χ2=6.389, P=0.011) and Q2 group (χ2=4.040, P=0.044) was higher than that in Q4 group. The incidence of postoperative complications was 28.49% (53/186), of which 8.60% (16/186) were severe type and 19.89% (37/186) were mild type, including transient neurological dysfunction 97.30% (36/37), subdural hemorrhage 2.70% (1/37). Logistic regression analysis showed that the relative blood glucose ratio increased (OR=1.484, 95%CI: 1.071-2.058; P=0.018), hypertension (OR=3.696, 95%CI: 1.805-7.569; P=0.000), operative interval＜2 months (OR=2.186, 95%CI: 1.041-4.590; P=0.039) was risk factors for postoperative complications. Conclusions In order to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications in patients with ischemic MMD, the operation interval after infarction can be extended to 2 months, and the preoperative relative blood glucose ratio should be closely monitored and the perioperative blood pressure should be controlled.

Flexible debris flow barriers are important engineering measures to prevent debris flow disasters. The existing prevention structures are mainly in the form of closed barriers, which are prone to blockage with poor regulation abilities. Therefore, we proposed open flexible debris flow barriers to overcome the above shortcomings. Based on theoretical analyses and physical model tests, the research on the regulation performance of the open flexible debris flow barriers was carried out, and the theoretical formulas for the velocity attenuation rate, run-up height, and blocking rate of debris flows were deduced. The results show that compared with the closed flexible debris flow barriers, the improved structure has a good self-cleaning effect and can effectively control the peak velocity of debris flows. The calculation results through the derived non-dimensional theoretical formulas are in good agreement with the physical test results. The velocity attenuation rate, run-up height, and blocking rate of debris flows are mainly controlled by the relative open height, dimensionless flow depth, relative density of debris flows, and the Froude number. The velocity attenuation rate and blocking rate are negatively correlated with the relative open height, and positively correlated with the relative density of debris flows. The run-up height is negatively correlated with both the relative open height and the relative density. The above research can provide theoretical and technical support for the application of open flexible barriers in debris flow prevention and control projects.

Objective To investigate the role of microfilament depolymerization in osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) promoted by low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS). Methods Mouse BMSCs were randomly divided into 4 groups: blank control group, LIPUS group, LIPUS+DMSO group and LIPUS+cytochalasin D (CytoD) group. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of each group was detected by ALP staining. The expression and cellular localization of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) were observed by immunofluorescence staining. Western blotting was performed to determine the protein changes of osteogenic differentiation-related genes, type I collagen (collagen 1), osteopontin (OPN) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), as well as the contents of filamentous actin (F-actin) and globular actin (G-actin) in the cells. The changes of cell morphology and microfilament cytoskeleton structure were observed with confocal laser scanning microscopy. Results As compared with the blank control group, LIPUS irradiation significantly enhanced the activity of ALP and upregulated the protein expression of osteogenic related genes Collagen1 (P < 0.01), OPN (P < 0.05) and RUNX2 (P < 0.01), with about a 1.5-fold increase in RUNX2 level (P < 0.01). Immunofluorescence staining showed that RUNX2 expression was obviously increased in the nucleus after LIPUS irradiation, and the cells shrank slightly with punctate distribution of G-actin in the cytoplasm. Western blotting revealed that the ratio of F-actin/G-actin was remarkably lower in the LIPUS group than the control group (P < 0.05). In addition, in comparison with the LIPUS+DMSO group, the LIPUS+CytoD group had greatly promoted the depolymerization of intracellular microfilaments, reduced ratio of F-actin/G-actin (P < 0.05), enhanced activity of ALP (P < 0.05), upregulated expression of RUNX2 in the nucleus (P < 0.05), and improved expression levels of the osteogenic related genes (P < 0.05). Conclusion LIPUS promotes the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, which may be related to LIPUS facilitating the depolymerization of microfilaments.

Bactrian camels have specific mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) throughout the large intestine, with species-unique cystic Peyer’s patches (PPS) as the main type of tissue. However, detailed information about the molecular characteristics of PPS remains unclear. This study applied a transcriptomic analysis, untargeted metabolomics, and 16S rDNA sequencing to compare the significant differences between PPS and the adjacent normal intestine tissues (NPPS) during the healthy stage of three young Bactrian camels. The results showed that samples from PPS could be easily differentiated from the NPPS samples based on gene expression profile, metabolites, and microbial composition, separately indicated using dimension reduction methods. A total of 7,568 up-regulated and 1,266 down-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected, and an enrichment analysis found 994 DEGs that participated in immune-related functions, and a co-occurance network analysis identified nine hub genes (BTK, P2RX7, Pax5, DSG1, PTPN2, DOCK11, TBX21, IL10, and HLA-DOB) during multiple immunologic processes. Further, PPS and NPPS both had a similar pattern of most compounds among all profiles of metabolites, and only 113 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were identified, with 101 of these being down-regulated. Deoxycholic acid (DCA; VIP = 37.96, log2FC = −2.97, P = 0), cholic acid (CA; VIP = 13.10, log2FC = −2.10, P = 0.01), and lithocholic acid (LCA; VIP = 12.94, log2FC = −1.63, P = 0.01) were the highest contributors to the significant dissimilarities between groups. PPS had significantly lower species richness (Chao1), while Firmicutes (35.92% ± 19.39%), Bacteroidetes (31.73% ± 6.24%), and Proteobacteria (13.96% ± 16.21%) were the main phyla across all samples. The LEfSe analysis showed that Lysinibacillus, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Candidatus_Stoquefichus, Mailhella, Alistipes, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG_005 were biomarkers of the NPPS group, while Escherichia_Shigella, Synergistes, Pyramidobacter, Odoribacter, Methanobrevibacter, Cloacibacillus, Fusobacterium, and Parabacteroides were significantly higher in the PPS group. In the Procrustes analysis, the transcriptome changes between groups showed no significant correlations with metabolites or microbial communities, whereas the alteration of metabolites significantly correlated with the alteration of the microbial community. In the co-occurrence network, seven DEMs (M403T65-neg, M329T119-neg, M309T38-neg, M277T42-2-neg, M473T27-neg, M747T38-1-pos, and M482t187-pos) and 14 genera (e.g., Akkermansia, Candidatus-Stoquefichus, Caproiciproducens, and Erysipelatoclostridium) clustered much more tightly, suggesting dense interactions. The results of this study provide new insights into the understanding of the immune microenvironment of the cystic PPS in the cecum of Bactrian camels.

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the feasibility and clinical efficacy of modified single incision robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Methods: From November 2020 to August 2021, 203 cases of modified single incision (without special channel devices) robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy through extraperitoneal approach were reviewed. The average age of the patients was 69 (53–89) years, and the median prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level was 10.89 (2.89, 56.44) ng/ml; Gleason score was 7.0 (6.0–9.0), including 30 cases (14.8%), 108 cases (53.2%) and 65 cases (32.0%) with scores ≤ 6, 7 and ​≥ 8 respectively; prostate volume was 59.0 (24.0–200.0) ml. Body mass index (BMI) ​≤ ​25 and ​> 25 ​kg/m2 were 125 cases (61.6%) and 78 cases (38.4%) respectively. Clinical stage was < cT3a in 191 cases, cT3a in 12 cases; 35 cases had a history of abdominal surgery. All operations were performed by the same surgeon in the center. The operation related indexes, postoperative recovery, pathology and follow-up results were observed. Results: 203 operations were successfully performed as planned. The average operation time was 55.07 (37–129) min; the intraoperative blood loss was 68.3 (40–228) ml; the average time of postoperative exhaust was 1.3 (0.5–3.0) days; the average retention time of urinary catheter was 7.2 (6–14) days; the average hospitalization time was 7.5 (6–15) days. Postoperative sepsis occurred in one case. The postoperative Gleason scores ≤ 6, 7 and ​≥ 8 were 42 cases (20.7%), 132 cases (65.0%) and 29 cases (14.3%). The postoperative pathological stage was < pT3a in 172 cases (84.7%) and ≥ pT3a in 31 cases (15.3%); 38 cases (18.7%) had positive margin after operation. 154 patients (75.9%) were satisfied with urinary control immediately after removing the urinary catheter, and 173 patients (85.2%) were satisfied with the recovery of urinary control within one month after operation (defined as the use of urinary pad ≤ 1 piece in 24 ​h). PSA < 0.2 ​μg/ml at six weeks after operation was in 170 patients (83.7%). The average incision length was 5.91 (5.0–6.8) cm. Conclusion: The modified single incision robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy through extraperitoneal approach is safe and feasible. The clinical effect is satisfactory, and the modified method is not limited by specific special channel devices, so it is easy to be applied in clinical practice.

There are many types of organic pollutants in water, which exert great threat to human health. Developing highly efficient and precise quantification method for their detections is very important. The acrylamide, bentazone, 2,4-D, dimethoate, picric acid, benzidine, pentachlorophenol, carbofuran, carbaryl, atrazine, demeton, malathion, parathion and chlorpyrifos are 14 types of important organic pollutants, which are highly harmful to human body and thereby are included in important-quality-control indicators of current standard regulations, such as Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838—2002), Standards for Drinking Water Quality (GB5749—2006) and Quality Standard for Ground Water (GB/T14848—2017) in China. According to the specified examination methods of these standards, they commonly need enrichment of large volume of water samples before the further analysis. However, there are many drawbacks for such pretreatment: 1) The process is lengthy. 2) It can exhaust large amounts of reagents. 3) Sometimes it can produce false positive results. 4) What is even worse is being harmful for the experimenter′s health. Liquid chromatography-tandem-mass spectrometry is a qualitative and quantitative analysis method with high sensitivity, good selectivity and fast analysis speed, which is becoming more and more popular for the determination of trace level of organic pollutants. The direct injection method based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been applied in some organic pollutants examinations. However, there are still no reports on simultaneous determination of these 14 organic pollutants using direct injection method. In this study, a method of direct injection-ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was developed for simultaneously determination of these 14 organic pollutants. Additionally, the dynamic multiple reaction monitoring (DMRM) mode was applied in UPLC-MS/MS, which could dynamically allocate the retention time window of each target compound, significantly adjust the loading cycle time of multiple compounds and improve the analysis efficiency. Specifically, the water samples were filtered through 0.22 μm of microfiltration membrane and gradient eluted with ammonium acetate and acetonitrile. The flow rate was 0.3 mL/min and the column temperature was 40 ℃. The samples were detected by DMRM mode using positive and negative electrospray ionization (ESI±), and the 14 isotope internal standards were used for quantification by internal standard method. The calibration curves of the organic pollutants showed good linearity with the correlation coefficients (R2) over 0.999 0. The limit of detection was 0.01-0.05 μg/L, and the limit of quantitative was 0.05-0.10 μg/L. The average recoveries at three spiked levels were 77.9%-114% in different environmental water samples, and the RSD ranged from 0.2% to 14.1% (n=6). This method is simple, rapid, and high sensitivity, which is suitable for detection of 14 organic pollutants in the surface, underground and drinking water.