18 results on '"W. Tristram Arscott"'
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2. sTable 1, sTable 2, sTable 3, sFigure 1, sFigure 2, sFigure 3, sFigure 4 from The Safety of Bridging Radiation with Anti-BCMA CAR T-Cell Therapy for Multiple Myeloma
- Author
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Ima Paydar, Michael C. Milone, Carl H. June, Bruce L. Levine, Edward A. Stadtmauer, John P. Plastaras, Joshua A. Jones, Amit Maity, W. Tristram Arscott, Russell Maxwell, J. Joseph Melenhorst, Alfred L. Garfall, Megan M. Davis, Simon F. Lacey, Adam D. Cohen, and Shwetha H. Manjunath
- Abstract
sTable 1 shows radiation characteristics of Group A, B, and C. sTable 2 shows characteristics of CART-BCMA cells during manufacturing and at peak expansion in vivo in Group A, B, and C. sTable 3 shows details of radiation received after CART-BCMA therapy. sFigure 1 shows soluble BCMA serum levels before cyclophosphamide lymphodepletion on Day -3. sFigure 2 shows that prior radiation exposure is not associated with the level of CART-BCMA cells in vivo at peak expansion. sFigure 3 shows radiation was not associated with the level of persistent CART-BCMA cells in peripheral blood at Day 28. sFigure 4 shows level of CART-BCMA cells at peak expansion and Day 28 correlated with clinical response, and within responders, receipt of prior radiation was not associated with differences in CART=BCMA levels.
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- 2023
3. Data from The Safety of Bridging Radiation with Anti-BCMA CAR T-Cell Therapy for Multiple Myeloma
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Ima Paydar, Michael C. Milone, Carl H. June, Bruce L. Levine, Edward A. Stadtmauer, John P. Plastaras, Joshua A. Jones, Amit Maity, W. Tristram Arscott, Russell Maxwell, J. Joseph Melenhorst, Alfred L. Garfall, Megan M. Davis, Simon F. Lacey, Adam D. Cohen, and Shwetha H. Manjunath
- Abstract
Purpose:B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells (CART-BCMA) are a promising treatment for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (r/rMM). We evaluated the safety and feasibility of bridging radiation (RT) in subjects treated on a phase I trial of CART-BCMA.Experimental Design:Twenty-five r/rMM subjects were treated in three cohorts with two doses of CART-BCMA cells ± cyclophosphamide. We retrospectively analyzed toxicity, response, and CART manufacturing data based on RT receipt.Results:Thirteen subjects received no RT 18–35). Group C had qualitatively lower rates of grade 4 (G4) hematologic toxicities (25%) versus A (61.5%) and B (62.5%). G3–4 neurotoxicity occurred in 7.7%, 25%, and 25% in Group A, B, and C, respectively. G3–4 cytokine release syndrome was observed in 38.5%, 25%, and 25% in Group A, B, and C, respectively. Partial response or better was observed in 54%, 38%, and 50% of Group A, B, and C, respectively. RT administered P = 0.002) and P = 0.069) before apheresis was associated with lower in vitro proliferation during manufacturing; however, in vivo CART-BCMA expansion appeared similar across groups.Conclusions:Bridging-RT appeared safe and feasible with CART-BCMA therapy in our r/rMM patients, though larger future studies are needed to draw definitive conclusions.
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- 2023
4. Human EGFR-2, EGFR and HDAC triple-inhibitor CUDC-101 enhances radiosensitivity of GBM cells
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Cody D Schlaff, W Tristram Arscott, Ira Gordon, Kevin A Camphausen, and Anita Tandle
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glioblastoma multiforme ,radiosensitization ,hdac ,multi-target therapy ,her2 ,egfr ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 - Abstract
Radiotherapy remains the standard treatment for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) following surgical resection. Given the aberrant expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which may play a role in therapeutic resistance to receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and the emerging use of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors as radiosensitizers, we defined the effects of CUDC-101, a triple inhibitor of HER2, EGFR and HDAC on the radiosensitivity of GBM cells. Clonogenic survival was used to determine the in vitro radiosensitizing potential of CUDC-101 on GBM, breast cancer, and normal fibroblast cell lines. Inhibitory activity was defined using immunoblots and DNA double strand breaks were evaluated using yH2AX foci. Effects of CUDC-101 on cell cycle and radiation-induced cell kill were determined using flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy. CUDC-101 inhibited HER2, EGFR and HDAC and enhanced in vitro radiosensitivity of both GBM and breast cancer cell lines, with no effect on normal fibroblasts. Retention of yH2AX foci was increased by CUDC-101 alone and in combination with irradiation for 24 h. Treatment with CUDC-101 increased the number of cells in G2 and M phase, with only increase in M phase statistically significant. An increase in mitotic catastrophe was seen in a time-dependent fashion with combination treatment. The results indicate the tumor specific CUDC-101 enhanced radiosensitization in GBM, and suggest that the effect involves inhibition of DNA repair.
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- 2015
- Full Text
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5. Evaluating the Impact of Secure Mobile Messaging on Communication and Cancer Care Team Satisfaction in a Large Radiation Oncology Clinic
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Joshua Jones, Dennis Kuska, James M Metz, Kathleen Gray, Robert A. Lustig, Suneel Nagda, W. Tristram Arscott, and Michelle Alonso-Basanta
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Male ,Text Messaging ,Oncology (nursing) ,business.industry ,Communication ,Health Policy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,MEDLINE ,Cancer ,Personal Satisfaction ,medicine.disease ,Patient safety ,Oncology ,Radiation oncology ,Radiation Oncology ,medicine ,Humans ,Female ,National database ,Quality (business) ,Medical emergency ,business ,media_common - Abstract
PURPOSE: Communication is crucial in any clinical environment for efficient delivery of care and ensuring patient safety. A 2016 National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators questionnaire indicated poor physician-nurse satisfaction with communication in our department. We addressed gaps in our communication procedures by implementing a communication policy with a secure mobile messaging platform, and we surveyed care team members to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation. METHODS: We designed a policy around best communication practices and implemented a secure mobile messaging platform, Cureatr, which enables closed-loop, two-way communication that is compliant with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. Pre- and postimplementation surveys evaluated self-reported impression of efficiency, timeliness, effectiveness, and overall quality of communication, which were scored on a 5-point Likert scale. The number of messages sent was evaluated as a measure of uptake in use, and patient navigation data were queried to measure changes in clinic workflow. RESULTS: After implementation of Cureatr and a communication policy, survey responses demonstrated a clear improvement in staff satisfaction with the efficiency, timeliness, effectiveness, and overall quality of communication. The number of messages sent reflected a progressive increase in use of Cureatr; however, a consistent improvement in clinical workflow as measured by a decrease in patient in-room time was not appreciated. CONCLUSION: Implementing a secure messaging application with a communication policy improved cancer care team satisfaction with communication on all levels. Additional work is needed to evaluate the impact of secure messaging on clinical workflows, patient satisfaction, and staff well-being.
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- 2019
6. Stereotactic body proton therapy for liver tumors: Dosimetric advantages and their radiobiological and clinical implications
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Reid F. Thompson, Brendan Burgdorf, W. Tristram Arscott, Lingshu Yin, Edgar Ben-Josef, and Maura Kirk
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lcsh:Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ,Radiation ,Right inferior ,Tumor size ,business.industry ,lcsh:R895-920 ,NTCP ,Proton SBRT ,lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,Tumor control ,lcsh:RC254-282 ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Target dose ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Maximum diameter ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Liver SBRT ,Medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Original Research Article ,business ,Nuclear medicine ,Proton therapy ,Stereotactic body radiotherapy - Abstract
Background and Purpose: Photon Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) for primary and metastatic tumors of the liver is challenging for larger lesions. An in silico comparison of paired SBRT and Stereotactic Body Proton Therapy (SBPT) plans was performed to understand the potential advantages of SBPT as a function of tumor size and location. Methods and materials: Theoretical tumor volumes with maximum diameter of 1–10 cm were contoured in the dome, right inferior, left medial, and central locations. SBRT and SBPT plans were generated to deliver 50 Gy in 5 fractions, max dose
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- 2018
7. The Safety of Bridging Radiation with Anti-BCMA CAR T-Cell Therapy for Multiple Myeloma
- Author
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Edward A. Stadtmauer, S.H. Manjunath, John P. Plastaras, Adam D. Cohen, Bruce L. Levine, Alfred L. Garfall, Michael C. Milone, Carl H. June, Ima Paydar, Simon F. Lacey, Joshua Jones, W. Tristram Arscott, Amit Maity, R.J.L. Maxwell, J. Joseph Melenhorst, and Megan M. Davis
- Subjects
Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Future studies ,Cyclophosphamide ,Immunotherapy, Adoptive ,Article ,Antigen ,immune system diseases ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,B-Cell Maturation Antigen ,Multiple myeloma ,Retrospective Studies ,Receptors, Chimeric Antigen ,business.industry ,Refractory Multiple Myeloma ,medicine.disease ,Chimeric antigen receptor ,Toxicity ,CAR T-cell therapy ,business ,Multiple Myeloma ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Purpose: B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells (CART-BCMA) are a promising treatment for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (r/rMM). We evaluated the safety and feasibility of bridging radiation (RT) in subjects treated on a phase I trial of CART-BCMA. Experimental Design: Twenty-five r/rMM subjects were treated in three cohorts with two doses of CART-BCMA cells ± cyclophosphamide. We retrospectively analyzed toxicity, response, and CART manufacturing data based on RT receipt. Results: Thirteen subjects received no RT Conclusions: Bridging-RT appeared safe and feasible with CART-BCMA therapy in our r/rMM patients, though larger future studies are needed to draw definitive conclusions.
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- 2021
8. Bridging Radiation Therapy Before Commercial Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy for Relapsed or Refractory Aggressive B-Cell Lymphoma
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Elise A. Chong, Emily J. Anstadt, Stephen J. Schuster, Daniel J. Landsburg, Sunita D. Nasta, Jakub Svoboda, John P. Plastaras, Christopher M. Wright, W. Tristram Arscott, Ying Xiao, Jonathan Baron, Meredith I. LaRose, Stefan K. Barta, David Miller, James N. Gerson, Ima Paydar, C.Z. Uche, Michael J. LaRiviere, Amit Maity, and Andrew R. Barsky
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Cart ,Adult ,Male ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Gastroenterology ,Immunotherapy, Adoptive ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Recurrence ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Treatment Failure ,B-cell lymphoma ,Retrospective Studies ,Radiation ,Receptors, Chimeric Antigen ,business.industry ,Neurotoxicity ,Odds ratio ,Leukapheresis ,medicine.disease ,Combined Modality Therapy ,Lymphoma ,Radiation therapy ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy ,Female ,Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ,business - Abstract
Purpose CD19-targeting chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CART) therapy has emerged as a promising treatment for relapsed/refractory aggressive B-cell lymphoma (r/rABL), culminating in 2 US Food and Drug Administration–approved therapies: tisagenlecleucel (tisa-cel) and axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel). Following leukapheresis and in preparation for CART infusion, contemporary bridging and lymphodepletion regimens rely mostly on cytotoxic chemotherapy. Here, in a cohort of patients treated with commercial tisa-cel and axi-cel, we show that bridging-RT may offer a supplemental approach. Methods and Materials Thirty-one patients receiving commercial tisa-cel (n = 13) or axi-cel (n = 18) between August 2018 and February 2019 for r/rABL were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were categorized into 2 groups: (1) bridging-RT within 30 days of CART infusion or (2) nonbridging-RT (NBRT), in which patients received either remote RT greater than 30 days before CART infusion or no prior RT. Results Five patients received bridging-RT within 30 days of CART infusion. Median bridging-RT dose was 37.5 Gy and was completed a median of 13 days before infusion. No grade 3 (G3) or higher RT-toxicities occurred. No patients in the bridging-RT group experienced G3 or higher CART-related toxicities (CRS or neurotoxicity), and 23% (n = 6) and 15% (n = 4) experienced G3-5 CRS and G3-5 neurotoxicity in the NBRT group, respectively. Overall treatment response in the bridging-RT and NBRT groups was 80% and 64%, respectively. The axi-cel CART product was associated with CRS (odds ratio [OR] = 26.67, P = .001) and CRS correlated with neurotoxicity (OR = 12.22, P = .028). There was a trend toward an association for CRS with metabolic tumor volume (OR = 1.06/mL, P = .141) and TLG (OR = 1.01/mL x standard uptake value, P = .099). Conclusions Bridging-RT before commercial CART does not appear to increase the risk for CART-related toxicities or negatively affect outcomes in r/rABL patients. No G3 or higher RT-toxicities occurred in this series. Pretreatment metabolic tumor burden may be associated with CART-associated CRS; however, larger patient numbers are required to elucidate significant associations. Future work to prospectively assess the value of bridging-RT is warranted.
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- 2020
9. Tolerability of sequential immune therapy and palliative radiotherapy to the cervical and thoracic spine
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W. Tristram Arscott, Pallavi Kumar, Abigail Doucette, John P. Plastaras, Joshua Jones, and Amit Maity
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Ipilimumab ,Pembrolizumab ,medicine.disease ,Radiation therapy ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Tolerability ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Toxicity ,medicine ,Vomiting ,Radiology ,Nivolumab ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Esophagitis ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Use of immune therapy in metastatic cancers is rapidly expanding; however, its combination with commonly prescribed palliative radiation fields and doses is not well studied. To investigate this, we evaluated the toxicity of combined immune therapy and palliative cervical or thoracic spine radiotherapy. Patients receiving cervical or thoracic spine radiation were evaluated based on administration of immune therapy within 30 days of radiation, use of 3D conformal or simpler techniques, and minimum 1 follow-up from end of treatment. Thirty patients were evaluable. Median survival following radiotherapy was 87 days. Pembrolizumab was most commonly combined with radiation (11 patients), then nivolumab (10), ipilimumab (3), and atezoliumab (2). Four patients (13.3%) had grade 3 toxicity requiring hospitalization (vomiting, esophagitis) and 12 patients (40%) had grade 2 toxicity (esophagitis, dysphagia). Ten patients (33.3%) had no toxicity. Three of the 4 patients with grade 3 toxicity received concurrent ipilimumab and nivolumab. Median dose was 30 Gy (range, 20–39) and fractions were 10 (range, 5–15). There was a trend toward increased grade 2+ toxicity with greater number of vertebral levels irradiated, 5.7 ± 3.4, vs. 4.0 ± 1.6 for none/grade 1 (P = .086). Seven of 7 patients exposed to ipilimumab developed grade 2+ toxicity vs 39% in the remaining patients (P = .007 for interaction). Radiation dose, fractionation, and timing of immune therapy were not significant contributors. Combined immune therapy and radiotherapy for palliation of spine metastases suggests increased toxicity when a greater number of vertebral bodies are irradiated, or when combined immune therapy agents are utilized.
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- 2018
10. Acute neurologic toxicity of palliative radiotherapy for brain metastases in patients receiving immune checkpoint blockade
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John P. Plastaras, Joshua Jones, W. Tristram Arscott, Simeng Zhu, Amit Maity, and Michelle Alonso-Basanta
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Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Performance status ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Ipilimumab ,Original Articles ,medicine.disease ,Acute toxicity ,Radiosurgery ,Radiation therapy ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Internal medicine ,Toxicity ,medicine ,Nivolumab ,business ,Lung cancer ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background The interaction between immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and radiation (RT) for brain metastases has not been well understood. Given that acute neurotoxicity from this combination is not well characterized, we reviewed patients receiving ICB and RT for brain metastases. Methods Patients treated with ICB and cranial RT from 2010 through 2017 were reviewed. ICB and RT must have been administered within 30 days of each other. Treatment parameters, performance status, symptoms prior to treatment, and toxicity were extracted from the electronic medical record. Survival was calculated from the end of RT to last follow-up or death. Results Seventy-eight patients were included. Median follow-up was 177 days (range, 12-1603). Median age was 64 years old (range, 29-98) and 47 (63%) were male. The main tumor types were melanoma (n = 47) and nonsmall-cell lung cancer (n = 19). Fifty-seven patients were treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and 21 with whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT). Most patients received single-agent ICB, though 4 patients received nivolumab and ipilimumab. Forty-one (53%) patients reported no neurologic toxicity. Grade 2 or greater neurologic toxicities were reported in 12 (21%) and 8 (38%) patients in the SRS and WBRT groups, respectively. WBRT was associated with a greater risk of any neurotoxicity, though there was no correlation between ICB agent and toxicity. Sequencing of ICB and RT (ie, Conclusions ICB during SRS or WBRT does not appear to worsen acute neurotoxicity compared to historical controls of RT alone.
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- 2018
11. Toxicity of sequential immune therapy and radiation for cervical and thoracic spine metastases
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W. Tristram Arscott, John P. Plastaras, Pallavi Kumar, Joshua Jones, Amit Maity, and Abigail Doucette
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Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Thoracic spine ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,Immune therapy ,Oncology ,Toxicity ,medicine ,Palliative radiation ,Effective treatment ,Radiology ,business ,Spinal metastases - Abstract
130 Background: Palliative radiation is an effective treatment modality for spinal metastases. Expanding use of immune therapy in metastatic cancer raises concern that side effects from treatment may be exaggerated, particularly to sensitive organs such as the esophagus. This retrospective review evaluates the toxicity of combined radiation and immune therapy in patients with cervical or thoracic spine metastases. Methods: Patients receiving radiation for cervical or thoracic spine metastases from 2012-2017 were selected based on (1) concurrent use of immune therapy and radiation (within 7 days) OR radiation within 30 days following immune therapy, (2) 3D conformal or simpler treatment technique, and (3) minimum 30 days follow up from end of treatment. Patient demographics, radiation treatment parameters, immune therapy agent(s), and maximum toxicity were extracted from the medical record. Isoeffective dose was calculated using the EQD2 model, assuming α/β of 3. Statistical analyses included t tests. Results: Twenty-two patients were identified. Pembrolizumab was most commonly combined with radiation (8 patients), followed by nivolumab (7), ipilimumab (3), and atezoliumab (2). Two patients received both nivolumab and ipilimumab. Three patients (14%) had grade 3 toxicity requiring hospitalization (vomiting, esophagitis), 8 patients (36%) had grade 2 toxicity (esophagitis, dysphagia), 3 patients (14%) had grade 1 toxicity (hoarseness, dysphagia), 8 patients (36%) had no toxicity. Two patients (67%) with grade 3 toxicity received concurrent nivolumab and ipilimumab. Median dose was 3600 cGy (EQD2) in 10 fractions. There was a trend to greater toxicity with increased number of vertebral levels treated (mean 3.4, 4.6, 5.625 and 6.3 for toxicity grade 0, 1, 2 and 3, respectively; p= 0.053). Dose, fractionation, and immune therapy agent were not found to be significant contributors. Conclusions: In this small cohort, combined immune therapy and radiation for palliation of cervical or thoracic spine metastases suggests increased toxicity when greater number of vertebral bodies are irradiated or when combined immune therapy agents are utilized. Further investigation with a larger cohort is warranted.
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- 2017
12. Obstructive voiding symptoms following stereotactic body radiation therapy for prostate cancer
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Nathan Wilson, Siyuan Lei, Thomas M. Yung, Sean P. Collins, Anatoly Dritschilo, W. Tristram Arscott, Brian T. Collins, John H. Lynch, Leonard N. Chen, Keith J. Kowalczyk, Rudy A. Moures, Aditi Bhagat, Simeng Suy, and Joy S. Kim
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Male ,medicine.medical_treatment ,CyberKnife ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Prostate cancer ,0302 clinical medicine ,Quality of life ,Prostate ,Prevalence ,Aged, 80 and over ,SBRT ,IPSS ,Radiotherapy Dosage ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,3. Good health ,Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Retention ,Oncology ,Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,medicine.symptom ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Urinary system ,Urology ,Radiosurgery ,Catheterization ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cyberknife ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Aged ,Neoplasm Staging ,Urinary retention ,business.industry ,Research ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Urinary Retention ,medicine.disease ,Radiation therapy ,TURP ,District of Columbia ,Quality of Life ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Background Obstructive voiding symptoms (OVS) are common following prostate cancer treatment with radiation therapy. The risk of urinary retention (UR) following hypofractionated radiotherapy has yet to be fully elucidated. This study sought to evaluate OVS and UR requiring catheterization following SBRT for prostate cancer. Methods Patients treated with SBRT for localized prostate cancer from February 2008 to July 2011 at Georgetown University were included in this study. Treatment was delivered using the CyberKnife® with doses of 35 Gy-36.25 Gy in 5 fractions. UR was prospectively scored using the CTCAE v.3. Patient-reported OVS were assessed using the IPSS-obstructive subdomain at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months. Associated bother was evaluated via the EPIC-26. Results 269 patients at a median age of 69 years received SBRT with a median follow-up of 3 years. The mean prostate volume was 39 cc. Prior to treatment, 50.6% of patients reported moderate to severe lower urinary track symptoms per the IPSS and 6.7% felt that weak urine stream and/or incomplete emptying were a moderate to big problem. The 2-year actuarial incidence rates of acute and late UR ≥ grade 2 were 39.5% and 41.4%. Alpha-antagonist utilization rose at one month (58%) and 18 months (48%) post-treatment. However, Grade 3 UR was low with only 4 men (1.5%) requiring catheterization and/or TURP. A mean baseline IPSS-obstructive score of 3.6 significantly increased to 5.0 at 1 month (p < 0.0001); however, it returned to baseline in 92.6% within a median time of 3 months. Late increases in OVS were common, but transient. Only 7.1% of patients felt that weak urine stream and/or incomplete emptying was a moderate to big problem at two years post-SBRT (p = 0.6854). Conclusions SBRT treatment caused an acute increase in OVS which peaked within the first month post-treatment, though acute UR requiring catheterization was rare. OVS returned to baseline in > 90% of patients within a median time of three months. Transient Late increases in OVS were common. However, less than 10% of patients felt that OVS were a moderate to big problem at two years post-SBRT.
- Published
- 2014
13. Exosome characterization from ascitic fluid holds promise for identifying markers of colorectal cancer
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W Tristram, Arscott and Kevin A, Camphausen
- Published
- 2012
14. Analysis of urinary exosomes to identify new markers of non-small-cell lung cancer
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W Tristram, Arscott and Kevin A, Camphausen
- Published
- 2012
15. EGFR isoforms in exosomes as a novel method for biomarker discovery in pancreatic cancer
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W Tristram, Arscott and Kevin A, Camphausen
- Published
- 2011
16. Interferon β-1b directly modulates human neural stem/progenitor cell fate
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Yang Mao-Draayer, John Soltys, Julia Knight, and W. Tristram Arscott
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Central nervous system ,Endogeny ,Biology ,Neural Stem Cells ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Progenitor cell ,Remyelination ,Molecular Biology ,Cells, Cultured ,Cell Proliferation ,Neurons ,General Neuroscience ,Multiple sclerosis ,Cell Differentiation ,Interferon-beta ,medicine.disease ,Neural stem cell ,Recombinant Proteins ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Mechanism of action ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,Signal transduction ,Neuroscience ,Chickens ,Developmental Biology ,Interferon beta-1b ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Interferon beta (IFN-β) is a mainline treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS); however its exact mechanism of action is not completely understood. IFN-β is known as an immunomodulator; although recent evidence suggests that IFN-β may also act directly on neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs) in the central nervous system (CNS). NPCs can differentiate into all neural lineage cells, which could contribute to the remyelination and repair of MS lesions. Understanding how IFN-β influences NPC physiology is critical to develop more specific therapies that can better assist this repair process. In this study, we investigated the effects of IFN β-1b (Betaseron®) on human NPCs in vitro (hNPCs). Our data demonstrate a dose-dependent response of hNPCs to IFN β-1b treatment via sustained proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, we offer insight into the signaling pathways involved in these mechanisms. Overall, this study shows a direct effect of IFN β-1b on hNPCs and highlights the need to further understand how current MS treatments can modulate endogenous NPC populations within the CNS.
- Published
- 2011
17. SloR modulation of the Streptococcus mutans acid tolerance response involves the GcrR response regulator as an essential intermediary
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Lathan W. McCall, Steven D. Goodman, Daniel W. Dunning, William F. Powell, Cheryl J. McClurg, Erin M. McConocha, Grace A. Spatafora, and W. Tristram Arscott
- Subjects
DNA, Bacterial ,Mutant ,Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay ,Biology ,Microbiology ,Streptococcus mutans ,Bacterial Proteins ,INDEL Mutation ,Transcription (biology) ,Gene Order ,Humans ,Gene ,Manganese ,Microbial Viability ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Biofilm ,Tooth surface ,Promoter ,biology.organism_classification ,Response regulator ,Acids ,Protein Binding ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
Streptococcus mutans, the primary causative agent of human dental caries, grows as a biofilm on the tooth surface, where it metabolizes dietary carbohydrates and generates acid byproducts that demineralize tooth enamel. A drop in plaque pH stimulates an adaptive acid-tolerance response (ATR) in this oral pathogen that allows it to survive acid challenge at pHs as low as 3.0. In the present study, we describe the growth of an S. mutans mutant, GMS901, that harbours an insertion–deletion mutation in gcrR, a gene that encodes a transcriptional regulatory protein. The mutant is acid-sensitive and significantly compromised in its ATR relative to the UA159 wild-type progenitor strain. Consistent with these findings are the results of real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) experiments that support the GcrR-regulated expression of known ATR genes, including atpA/E and ffh. Although we observed gcrR transcription that was not responsive to acidic pH, we did note a significant increase in gcrR expression when S. mutans cells were grown in a manganese-restricted medium. Interestingly, the results of gel mobility shift assays indicate that the S. mutans SloR metalloregulatory protein is a potential regulator of gcrR by virtue of its manganese-dependent binding to the gcrR promoter region, and expression studies support the hypothesis that sloR transcription is responsive to manganese deprivation and acidic pH. Taking these results together, we propose that SloR–Mn modulates S. mutans gcrR expression as part of a general stress response, and that GcrR acts downstream of SloR to control the ATR.
- Published
- 2008
18. Urinary obstruction following stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for clinically localized prostate cancer
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W. Tristram Arscott, John H. Lynch, Siyuan Lei, Brian T. Collins, Nathan Wilson, Sean P. Collins, Aditi Bhagat, Thomas M. Yung, Leonard N. Chen, Joy Kim, Anatoly Dritschilo, and Simeng Suy
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Every Six Months ,Stereotactic body radiation therapy ,Urinary retention ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Urology ,medicine.disease ,Radiation therapy ,Prostate cancer ,Urinary obstruction ,Oncology ,Cyberknife ,medicine ,International Prostate Symptom Score ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
196 Background: Obstructive urinary symptoms are common following prostate cancer treatment with radiation therapy. Given the higher dose of radiation per fraction using stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) there is concern that post-SBRT obstructive urinary symptoms would be more severe. This study sought to evaluate obstructive urinary symptoms and urinary retention requiring catheterization following SBRT for prostate cancer. Methods: Patients treated with SBRT monotherapy for localized prostate cancer from August 2007 to July 2011 at Georgetown University Hospital with a minimum of two years of follow-up were included in this study. Treatment was delivered using the CyberKnife with doses of 35 Gy to 36.25 Gy in five fractions. Urinary retention was recorded and scored using the CTCAE v.4. Patient-reported urinary symptoms were assessed using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) before treatment and at months 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 and every six months thereafter. Results: Two hundred sixty nine patients at a median age of 69 received SBRT with a median follow-up of three years. Prior to treatment, 32.1% of patients utilized alpha-antagonists and 17.8% were dissatisfied with their urinary function. The two-year actuarial incidence rates of acute and late urinary retention greater than or equal to grade 2 were 39.5% and 41.4%. Alpha-antagonist utilization rose at one month (57.9%) and 18 months (48.0%) post-treatment. However, grade 3 urinary retention was low with four men (1.5%) requiring catheterization and/or transurethral resection of the prostate. A mean baseline IPSS obstructive symptom score of 3.6 significantly increased to 5.0 at one month (p < 0.0001), however returned to baseline at three months (p = 0.74). Late IPSS increases were common, but transient. The IPSS obstructive symptom score returned to baseline in 79.6% of patients by six months and 92.6% by two years. Dissatisfaction with urinary function declined to 14% by two years post treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Treatment of prostate cancer with SBRT resulted in an acute increase in obstructive urinary symptoms, which peaked at one month post-treatment. However, the risk of acute urinary retention requiring catheterization was low. Obstructive urinary symptoms returned to baseline in the majority of patients by six months and in more than 90% by two years.
- Published
- 2014
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