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1. From integrability to chaos: the quantum-classical correspondence in a triple well bosonic model

Author

Castro, Erick R., W., Karin Wittmann, Chávez-Carlos, Jorge, Roditi, Itzhak, Foerster, Angela, and Hirsch, Jorge G.

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics, Nonlinear Sciences - Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems, Physics - Classical Physics
Abstract

In this work, we investigate the semiclassical limit of a simple bosonic quantum many-body system exhibiting both integrable and chaotic behavior. A classical Hamiltonian is derived using coherent states. The transition from regularity to chaos in classical dynamics is visualized through Poincar\'e sections. Classical trajectories in phase space closely resemble the projections of the Husimi functions of eigenstates with similar energy, even in chaotic cases. It is demonstrated that this correlation is more evident when projecting the eigenstates onto the Fock states. The analysis is carried out at a critical energy where the eigenstates are maximally delocalized in the Fock basis. Despite the imperfect delocalization, its influence is present in the classical and quantum properties under investigation. The study systematically establishes quantum-classical correspondence for a bosonic many-body system with more than two wells, even within the chaotic region., Comment: 14 pages, 19 figures

Published
2023
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2. Controlling entanglement in a triple-well system of dipolar atoms

Author

W, Karin Wittmann, Ymai, Leandro H., Barros, Bruno H. C., Links, Jon, and Foerster, Angela

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Quantum Physics
Abstract

We study the dynamics of entanglement and atomic populations of ultracold dipolar bosons in an aligned three-well potential described by an extended Bose-Hubbard model. We focus on a sufficiently strong interacting regime where the couplings are tuned to obtain an integrable system, in which the time evolution exhibits a resonant behavior that can be exactly predicted. Within this framework, we propose a protocol that includes an integrability breaking step by tilting the edge wells for a short time through an external field, allowing the production of quantum states with a controllable degree of entanglement. We analyze this protocol for different initial states and show the formation of highly entangled states as well as NOON-like states. These results offer valuable insights into how entanglement can be controlled in ultracold atom systems that may be useful for the proposals of new quantum devices., Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures

Published
2023

3. Interacting bosons in a triple well: Preface of many-body quantum chaos

Author

W., Karin Wittmann, Castro, E. R., Foerster, Angela, and Santos, Lea F.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Quantum Physics
Abstract

Systems of interacting bosons in triple-well potentials are of significant theoretical and experimental interest. They are explored in contexts that range from quantum phase transitions and quantum dynamics to semiclassical analysis. Here, we systematically investigate the onset of quantum chaos in a triple-well model that moves away from integrability as its potential gets tilted. Even in its deepest chaotic regime, the system presents features reminiscent of integrability. Our studies are based on level spacing distribution and spectral form factor, structure of the eigenstates, diagonal and off-diagonal elements of observables in relationship to the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis. With only three sites, the system's eigenstates are at the brink of becoming fully chaotic and thus show distributions other than Gaussian, which resonates with the results for the observables., Comment: 15 pages, 16 figures

Published
2021
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4. Entangled states of dipolar bosons generated in a triple-well potential

Author

Tonel, Arlei P., Ymai, Leandro H., W., Karin Wittmann, Foerster, Angela, and Links, Jon

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, Quantum Physics
Abstract

We study the generation of entangled states using a device constructed from dipolar bosons confined to a triple-well potential. Dipolar bosons possess controllable, long-range interactions. This property permits specific choices to be made for the coupling parameters, such that the system is integrable. Integrability assists in the analysis of the system via an effective Hamiltonian constructed through a conserved operator. Through computations of fidelity we establish that this approach, to study the time-evolution of the entanglement for a class of non-entangled initial states, yields accurate approximations given by analytic formulae., Comment: Submission to SciPost, 17 pages, 12 figures, 1 Table. Changes made in this version respond to referee comments

Published
2019
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9. Mitochondrial DNA replication is initiated at blastocyst formation in equine embryos

Author

LS Voortplanting Inwendige Ziekten, LS Klinische Reproductie, dES/dFAH FR, Hendriks, W Karin, Colleoni, Silvia, Galli, Cesare, Paris, Damien B B P, Colenbrander, Ben, Stout, Tom A E, LS Voortplanting Inwendige Ziekten, LS Klinische Reproductie, dES/dFAH FR, Hendriks, W Karin, Colleoni, Silvia, Galli, Cesare, Paris, Damien B B P, Colenbrander, Ben, and Stout, Tom A E

Published
2019

11. AKI - Clinical

Author

E. Gok Oguz, R. Olmaz, K. Turgutalp, N. Muslu, M. A. Sungur, A. Kiykim, W. Van Biesen, J. Vanmassenhove, G. Glorieux, R. Vanholder, S. Chew, K. Forster, T. Kaufeld, J. Kielstein, T. Schilling, A. Haverich, H. Haller, B. Schmidt, P. Hu, X. Liang, Y. Chen, R. LI, F. Jiang, Z. LI, W. Shi, C. C. W. Lim, C. M. L. Chia, A. K. Tan, C. S. Tan, R. Ng, S. Subramani, A. Perez de Jose, C. Bernis Carro, R. Madero Jarabo, J. Bustamante, J. A. Sanchez Tomero, W. Chung, H. Ro, J. H. Chang, H. H. Lee, J. Y. Jung, L. Fazzari, A. Giuliani, J. Scrivano, L. Pettorini, U. Benedetto, R. Luciani, A. Roscitano, A. Napoletano, D. Coclite, E. Cordova, G. Punzo, R. Sinatra, P. Mene, N. Pirozzi, L. Shavit, R. Manilov, N. Algur, Y. Wiener-Well, I. Slotki, C. Pipili, C. S. Vrettou, K. Avrami, F. Economidou, K. Glynos, S. Ioannidou, V. Markaki, E. Douka, S. Nanas, A. De Pascalis, P. Cofano, S. Proia, A. Valletta, O. Vitale, F. Russo, E. Buongiorno, V. Filiopoulos, D. Biblaki, D. Lazarou, D. Chrysis, M. Fatourou, S. Lafoyianni, D. Vlassopoulos, O. Zakiyanov, V. Kriha, J. Vachek, J. Svarcova, T. Zima, V. Tesar, M. Kalousova, M. Kaushik, C. Ronco, D. Cruz, L. Zhang, W. Zhang, N. Chen, A. A. Ejaz, G. Kambhampati, N. Ejaz, B. Dass, V. Lapsia, A. A. Arif, A. Asmar, M. Shimada, M. Alsabbagh, R. Aiyer, R. Johnson, T.-H. Chen, C.-H. Chang, M.-Y. Chang, Y.-C. Tian, C.-C. Hung, J.-T. Fang, C.-W. Yang, Y.-C. Chen, V. Cantaluppi, A. D. Quercia, F. Figliolini, S. Giacalone, A. Pacitti, M. Gai, C. Guarena, G. Leonardi, L. Biancone, G. Camussi, G. P. Segoloni, M. De Cal, P. Lentini, A. Clementi, G. M. Virzi, E. Scalzotto, A. Lacquaniti, V. Donato, M. R. Fazio, S. Lucisano, V. Cernaro, R. Lupica, M. Buemi, I. Helvaci, E. Anik, M. Wani, D. I. Wani, D. M. A. Bhat, D. K. Banday, D. M. S. Najar, D. A. R. Reshi, D. N. A. Palla, P. Iglesias, T. Olea, C. Vega-Cabrera, M. Heras, M. A. Bajo, G. Del Peso, M. J. Arias, R. Selgas, J. J. Diez, E. Daher, P. L. Costa, E. N. S. Pereira, R. D. P. Santos, K. L. Abreu, G. Silva Junior, E. D. B. Pereira, M. Raimundo, S. Crichton, Y. Syed, J. Martin, C. Whiteley, D. Bennett, M. Ostermann, A. Gjyzari, N. Thereska, A. Koroshi, M. Barbullushi, S. Kodra, A. Idrizi, A. Strakosha, E. Petrela, J. Lemmich Smith, A. Klimenko, E. Tuykhmenev, S. Villevalde, Z. Kobalava, S. Avdoshina, E. Tyukhmenev, M. Efremovtseva, H. Hayashi, S. Suzuki, K. Kataoka, Y. Kondoh, H. Taniguchi, D. Sugiyama, K. Nishimura, W. Sato, S. Maruyama, S. Matsuo, Y. Yuzawa, D. Geraldine, F. Muriel, H. Alexandre, R. Eric, P. Fu, M. Pozzato, F. Ferrari, P. Cecere, P. Mesiano, A. Vallero, S. Livigni, F. Quarello, L. Hudier, O. Decaux, A. Haddj-Elmrabet, L. Mandart, M. Lino-Daniel, F. Bridoux, E. Renaudineau, T. Sawadogo, P. Le Pogamp, C. Vigneau, D. Famee, H. M. Koo, H. J. Oh, S. H. Han, K. H. Choi, S.-W. Kang, M. Mehdi, M. Nicolas, C. Mariat, P. Shah, V. B. Kute, A. Vanikar, M. Gumber, H. Patel, H. Trivedi, C. Manetos, S. Poulaki, E.-S. Tripodaki, A. Papastylianou, C. Routsi, K. Uchida, U. Kensuke, K. Yamagata, C. Saitou, M. Okada, G. Chita, M. Davies, Y. Veriawa, S. Naicker, P. Mukhopadhyay, D. Mukherjee, R. Mishra, M. Kar, D. Zickler, H. Wesselmann, R. Schindler, E. Gutierrez, J. Egido, A. Rubio-Navarro, I. Buendia, L. M. Blanco-Colio, O. Toldos, F. Manzarbeitia, A. De Lorenzo, R. Sanchez, M. Praga, J. A. Moreno, M. Y. Kim, N. R. Kang, H. R. Jang, J. E. Lee, W. Huh, Y.-G. Kim, D. J. Kim, S.-C. Hong, J.-S. Kim, H. Y. Oh, T. Okamoto, K. Kamata, S. Naito, H. Tazaki, S. Kan, L.-G. Anne-Kathrin, K. Matthias, T. Speer, L. Andreas, G. Heinrich, V. Thomas, A. Poppleton, F. Danilo, C.-F. Lai, V.-C. Wu, C.-C. Shiao, T.-M. Huang, K.-D. Wu, M. Bedford, C. Farmer, J. Irving, P. Stevens, F. Patera, F. Mattozzi, S. Battistoni, R. M. Fagugli, M. Y. Park, S. J. Choi, J. G. Kim, S. D. Hwang, H. Xie, H. Chen, S. Xu, Q. He, J. Liu, W. Hu, Z. Liu, M. Dalboni, R. Blaya, B. M. Quinto, R. Narciso, M. Oliveira, J. Monte, M. Durao, M. Cendoroglo, M. Batista, A. L. Hanemann, A. Liborio, A. Martins, M. C. C. Pinheiro, G. Meneses, R. De Paula Pessoa, M. Sousa, F. S. M. Bezerra, P. L. M. M. Albuquerque, J. B. Lima, C. B. Lima, M. D. S. B. Veras, T. Nemoto Matsui, C. Totoli, M. C. Cruz Andreoli, M. P. Vilela Coelho, N. K. Guimaraes de Souza, A. L. Ammirati, F. De Carvalho Barreto, B.-H. Ferraz Neto, B. Fortunato Cardoso Dos Santos, A. Abraham, G. Abraham, M. Mathew, P. M. A. Duarte, F. B. Duarte, E. M. Barros, F. Q. S. Castro, H. Palomba, I. Castro, S. R. Sousa, A. N. Jesus, T. Romano, E. Burdmann, L. Yu, S. H. Kwon, J. Y. You, Y. K. Hyun, S. A. Woo, J. S. Jeon, H. J. Noh, D. C. Han, L. Tozija, Z. Petronievic, G. Selim, I. Nikolov, O. Stojceva-Taneva, K. Cakalaroski, A. Lukasz, J. Beneke, J. Menne, M. Schiffer, N. Polanco, E. Hernandez, V. Gutierrez Millet, E. Gonzalez Monte, E. Morales, L. Francisco Javier, G.-F. Nuria, M.-G. Jose Maria, M. Bes Rastrollo, A. Angioi, M. Conti, R. Cao, A. Atzeni, G. Pili, V. Matta, E. Murgia, P. Melis, V. Binda, A. Pani, F. Thome, F. Leusin, E. Barros, C. Morsch, A. Balbinotto, C. Pilla, V. Premru, J. Buturovic-Ponikvar, R. Ponikvar, A. Marn-Pernat, B. Knap, J. Kovac, J. Gubensek, B. Kersnic, L. Krnjak, M. Prezelj, J. Granatova, M. Havrda, Z. Hruskova, K. Kratka, O. Remes, M. Mokrejsova, M. Bolkova, V. Lanska, I. Rychlik, M. D. Uniacke, R. J. Lewis, S. Harris, P. Roderick, N. Martin, K. Ulrich, B. Jan, B. Jorn, B. Reinhard, K. Jan, H. Hermann, F. Meyer Tobias, R. Leyla, M. W. Schmidt Bernhard, S. Harald, S. Jurgen, K. Tanja, S. Mario, E. Sang Hi, M. Claus, V. Frank, S. Aleksej, S. Sengul, S. Robert, W. Karin, G. Feikah, F. Menne Tobias, N. Meyer Tobias, G. Beutel, S. Fleig, J. Steinhoff, T. Meyer, C. Hafer, J. Bramstedt, V. Busch, M. Vischedyk, U. Kuhlmann, W. Ries, S. Mitzner, S. Mees, S. Stracke, J. Nurnberger, P. Gerke, M. Wiesner, B. Sucke, M. Abu-Tair, A. Kribben, N. Klause, F. Merkel, S. Schnatter, E. Dorresteijn, O. Samuelsson, R. Brunkhorst, G. Stec-Hus Registry, A. Reising, F.-C. Bange, M. Hiss, F. Vetter, S. M. Bode-Boger, J. Martens-Lobenhoffer, B. M. W. Schmidt, J. T. Kielstein, H. S. Shin, Y. S. Jung, and H. Rim

Subjects
Transplantation, Nephrology
Published
2012

12. Maternal age and in vitro culture affect mitochondrial number and function in equine oocytes and embryos

Author

Hendriks, W Karin, Colleoni, Silvia, Galli, Cesare, Paris, Damien B B P, Colenbrander, Ben, Roelen, Bernard A J, Stout, Tom A E, LS Klinische Reproductie, LS Voortplanting Inwendige Ziekten, Sub Celbiologisch lab., ES/FAH BRC, Fertility & Reproduction, LS Klinische Reproductie, LS Voortplanting Inwendige Ziekten, Sub Celbiologisch lab., ES/FAH BRC, Fertility & Reproduction, Hendriks, W.K., Colleoni, S., Galli, C., Paris, D.B.B.P., Colenbrander, B., Roelen, B.A.J., and Stout, T.A.E.

Subjects
Mitochondrial DNA, Embryonic Development, Reproductive technology, Biology, Mitochondrion, DNA, Mitochondrial, Oogenesis, Embryo Culture Techniques, Andrology, Endocrinology, Pregnancy, Genetics, Animals, Horses, Molecular Biology, equine oocyte, Maternal age, equine embryo, Embryo culture, Embryo, TFAM, mitochondrial, equines, In Vitro Oocyte Maturation Techniques, Mitochondria, in vitro colture, In vitro maturation, Reproductive Medicine, embryonic structures, Oocytes, Female, Animal Science and Zoology, Developmental Biology, Biotechnology
Abstract

Advanced maternal age and in vitro embryo production (IVP) predispose to pregnancy loss in horses. We investigated whether mare age and IVP were associated with alterations in mitochondrial (mt) DNA copy number or function that could compromise oocyte and embryo development. Effects of mare age (

Published
2015

13. Mitochondrial DNA replication is initiated at blastocyst formation in equine embryos.

Author

Colenbrander, Ben, Hendriks, W. Karin, Stout, Tom A. E., Colleoni, Silvia, Galli, Cesare, and Paris, Damien B. B. P.

Subjects
*HORSES, *MITOCHONDRIAL DNA, *BLASTOCYST, *EMBRYOLOGY, *OVUM, *GENE expression
Abstract

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection is the technique of choice for equine IVF and, in a research setting, 18–36% of injected oocytes develop to blastocysts. However, blastocyst development in clinical programs is lower, presumably due to a combination of variable oocyte quality (e.g. from old mares), suboptimal culture conditions and marginal fertility of some stallions. Furthermore, mitochondrial constitution appears to be critical to developmental competence, and both maternal aging and in vitro embryo production (IVEP) negatively affect mitochondrial number and function in murine and bovine embryos. The present study examined the onset of mitochondrial (mt) DNA replication in equine embryos and investigated whether IVEP affects the timing of this important event, or the expression of genes required for mtDNA replication (i.e. mitochondrial transcription factor (TFAM), mtDNA polymerase γ subunit B (mtPOLB) and single-stranded DNA binding protein (SSB)). We also investigated whether developmental arrest was associated with low mtDNA copy number. mtDNA copy number increased (P < 0.01) between the early and expanded blastocyst stages both in vivo and in vitro , whereas the mtDNA : total DNA ratio was higher in in vitro -produced embryos (P = 0.041). Mitochondrial replication was preceded by an increase in TFAM but, unexpectedly, not mtPOLB or SSB expression. There was no association between embryonic arrest and lower mtDNA copy numbers. Mitochondria are vital for generating the energy an early embryo requires. In horse embryos, the number of mitochondria only increases when the embryo starts to expand and undergo cell differentiation; surprisingly, a low mitochondrial number before this time is not associated with embryo death. Understanding exactly when, and in which cells, mitochondrial replication starts may yield novel markers for a 'healthy' embryo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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14. Maternal age and in vitro culture affect mitochondrial number and function in equine oocytes and embryos

Author

LS Klinische Reproductie, LS Voortplanting Inwendige Ziekten, Sub Celbiologisch lab., ES/FAH BRC, Fertility & Reproduction, Hendriks, W Karin, Colleoni, Silvia, Galli, Cesare, Paris, Damien B B P, Colenbrander, Ben, Roelen, Bernard A J, Stout, Tom A E, LS Klinische Reproductie, LS Voortplanting Inwendige Ziekten, Sub Celbiologisch lab., ES/FAH BRC, Fertility & Reproduction, Hendriks, W Karin, Colleoni, Silvia, Galli, Cesare, Paris, Damien B B P, Colenbrander, Ben, Roelen, Bernard A J, and Stout, Tom A E

Published
2015

18. The rapid separation of trace metals from neutron-activated saline matrices by chelation on a poly-5-vinyl-8-hydroxyquinoline column

Author

James L. Fasching, Rudolph W. Karin, and John A. Buono

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Chemistry, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Salt (chemistry), Vanadium, 8-Hydroxyquinoline, Manganese, Biochemistry, Copper, Analytical Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Yield (chemistry), Environmental Chemistry, Chelation, Neutron activation analysis, Spectroscopy, Nuclear chemistry
Abstract

Instrumental neutron activation analysis of biological and environmental samples suffers from interferences caused by high salt concentrations. Poly-5-vinyl-8-hydroxy-quinoline coated on controlled pore diameter glass beads is suggested as a chelating column for the rapid removal of aluminum, vanadium, copper and manganese from neutron-activated sea-water samples. Separation from bulk elements is satisfactory at flow rates of 20 ml min−1. With addition of carriers and with chemical yield determinations, relative standard deviations of 2–10% can be achieved for spike concentrations of 0.1 μg Mn ml−1, 0.3 μg V ml−1, 20 μg Al ml−1 and 1.0 μg Cu ml−1.

Published
1975

19. Removal of trace elemental impurities from polyethylene by nitric acid

Author

John A. Buono, James L. Fasching, and Rudolph W. Karin

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound, Metal contamination, chemistry, Nitric acid, Impurity, Radiochemistry, Leaching (metallurgy), Polyethylene, Elemental impurities, Analytical Chemistry, Nuclear chemistry
Abstract

An evaluation of two cleaning procedures indicates that metal contamination is leached out of polyethylene apparatus in three days. The thirteen trace elements evaluated are Al, Na, V, Cu, Cl, Br, Sb, Au, Cr, Mn, Co, Sc, and La. (auth)

Published
1975

22. Effect-based evaluation of water quality in a system of indirect reuse of wastewater for drinking water production.

Author

Kim F, Pablo GF, Lubertus B, Lutz A, Karin W, Félix H, Agneta O, and Johan L

Subjects
Animals, Wastewater, Water Quality, NF-E2-Related Factor 2, Disinfection, Receptors, Estrogen, Mammals, Drinking Water analysis, Water Pollutants, Chemical analysis, Water Purification
Abstract

Indirect potable reuse of wastewater is a practice that is gaining attention, aiming to increase freshwater supplies to meet water scarcity. However, reusing effluent wastewater for drinking water production comes with a paired risk of adverse health effects, due to the potential presence of pathogenic microorganisms and hazardous micropollutants. Disinfection is an established method to reduce microbial hazards in drinking water, but it has been associated with formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs). In this study, we performed an effect-based assessment of chemical hazards in a system wherein a full-scale trial of disinfection by chlorination, of the treated wastewater was performed prior discharge to the reciepient river. The presence of bioactive pollutants was assessed along the entire treatment system, starting from incoming wastewater to finished drinking water at seven sites in and around the Llobregat River in Barcelona, Spain. Samples were collected in two campaigns, with and without applied chlorination treatment (13 mg Cl 2 /L) to the effluent wastewater. The water samples were analysed for cell viability, oxidative stress response (Nrf2 activity), estrogenicity, androgenicity, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activity and activation of NFĸB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) signaling using stably transfected mammalian cell lines. Nrf2 activity, estrogen receptor activation and AhR activation was detected in all investigated samples. Overall, removal efficiencies were high in both wastewater treatment and drinking water treatment samples for most of the studied endpoints. No increase in oxidative stress (Nrf2 activity) could be attributed to the additional chlorination treatment of the effluent wastewater. However, we found an increase in AhR activity and a reduction of ER agonistic activity after chlorination treatment of effluent wastewater. The bioactivity detected in finished drinking water was considerably lower compared to what was found in effluent wastewater. We could thus conclude that indirect reuse of treated wastewater for drinking water production can be possible without compromising drinking water quality. This study contributed important knowledge in efforts to increase the reuse of treated wastewater as a source for drinking water production., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest J.L. and A.O. are the founders and owners of BioCell Analytica Uppsala AB, a company providing effect-based testing services to the water sector. All other authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2023
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23. Maternal age and in vitro culture affect mitochondrial number and function in equine oocytes and embryos.

Author

Hendriks WK, Colleoni S, Galli C, Paris DB, Colenbrander B, Roelen BA, and Stout TA

Subjects
Animals, Embryo Culture Techniques, Female, Horses, Pregnancy, DNA, Mitochondrial, Embryonic Development physiology, In Vitro Oocyte Maturation Techniques veterinary, Maternal Age, Mitochondria metabolism, Oocytes metabolism
Abstract

Advanced maternal age and in vitro embryo production (IVP) predispose to pregnancy loss in horses. We investigated whether mare age and IVP were associated with alterations in mitochondrial (mt) DNA copy number or function that could compromise oocyte and embryo development. Effects of mare age (<12 vs ≥12 years) on mtDNA copy number, ATP content and expression of genes involved in mitochondrial replication (mitochondrial transcription factor (TFAM), mtDNA polymerase γ subunit B (mtPOLB) and mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB)), energy production (ATP synthase-coupling factor 6, mitochondrial-like (ATP-synth&#95;F6)) and oxygen free radical scavenging (glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3)) were investigated in oocytes before and after in vitro maturation (IVM), and in early embryos. Expression of TFAM, mtPOLB and ATP-synth-F6 declined after IVM (P<0.05). However, maternal age did not affect oocyte ATP content or expression of genes involved in mitochondrial replication or function. Day 7 embryos from mares ≥12 years had fewer mtDNA copies (P=0.01) and lower mtDNA:total DNA ratios (P<0.01) than embryos from younger mares, indicating an effect not simply due to lower cell number. Day 8 IVP embryos had similar mtDNA copy numbers to Day 7 in vivo embryos, but higher mtPOLB (P=0.013) and a tendency to reduced GPX3 expression (P=0.09). The lower mtDNA number in embryos from older mares may compromise development, but could be an effect rather than cause of developmental retardation. The general down-regulation of genes involved in mitochondrial replication and function after IVM may compromise resulting embryos.

Published
2015
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