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1. Results from One Thousand Days of Real-Time, Directional Solar-Neutrino Data

Author: K. S. Hirata, K. Inoue, T. Kajita, T. Kifune, K. Kihara, M. Nakahata, K. Nakamura, S. Ohara, N. Sato, Y. Suzuki, Y. Totsuka, Y. Yaginuma, M. Mori, Y. Oyama, A. Suzuki, K. Takahashi, M. Yamada, M. Koshiba, T. Suda, T. Tajima, K. Miyano, H. Miyata, H. Takei, Y. Fukuda, E. Kodera, Y. Nagashima, M. Takita, K. Kaneyuki, T. Tanimori, E. W. Bcicr, L. R. Feldscher, E. D. Frank, W. Frati, S. B. Kim, A. K. Mann, F. M. Newcomer, R. Van Berg, and W. Zhang
Published: 2018
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2. Neutral current and day night measurements from the pure D2O phase of SNO

Author: B. C. Robertson, J. R. Leslie, M. Dunford, Eric B. Norman, J. B. Wilhelmy, T. Kutter, J. Manor, J. Farine, S. D. Biller, C. W. Nally, T. V. Bullard, A. S. Hamer, D. R. Grant, Guthrie Miller, S. J. Brice, James R. Wilson, E. W. Beier, P. J. Harvey, J. Cameron, C. E. Okada, J. F. Wilkerson, E. D. Hallman, X. Chen, W. J. Heintzelman, S. R. Elliott, R. G. Stokstad, David A. Sinclair, J. A. Formaggio, P. Jagam, Reda Tafirout, Christopher C. M. Kyba, M. W. Smith, C. J. Virtue, Ilan Levine, H. B. Mak, R. G. Van de Water, N. Starinsky, G. Doucas, P. Skensved, G. T. Ewan, K. K. Schaffer, G. A. Cox, K. Kazkaz, M. M. Fowler, F. Dalnoki-Veress, M. G. Bowler, C. K. Hargrove, K. Graham, S. M. Oser, P. T. Keener, S. S.E. Rosendahl, S. Majerus, John L. Orrell, Hal Evans, W. Frati, S. Luoma, B. T. Cleveland, W. B. Handler, D. L. Wark, K. T. Lesko, N. Tagg, E. D. Earle, N. Gagnon, Y.D. Chan, K. M. Heeger, A. Hime, Mark Guy Boulay, X. Dai, J. J. Simpson, R. L. Hahn, R. Hazama, Minfang Yeh, J. A. Dunmore, N. A. Jelley, K. Frame, A. L. Hallin, M. Howe, J. M. Wouters, Peter Wittich, A. B. McDonald, N. McCauley, A. D. Marino, R. Van Berg, H. Fergani, M. L. Chen, I. Lawson, A. J. Noble, Jochen Klein, V. L. Rusu, J. Maneira, A. W. P. Poon, F. A. Duncan, R. G. H. Robertson, M. R. Dragowsky, T. Spreitzer, T.J. Bowles, G. McGregor, Chris Waltham, L. C. Stonehill, R. L. Helmer, M. H. Schwendener, J. Law, C. J. Sims, J. Heise, C. A. Duba, N. West, and P. J. Doe
Subjects: Physics, Elastic scattering, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, Solar neutrino, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Massless particle, Nuclear physics, Neutrino detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, Charged current, Lepton
Abstract: The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory is a 1000 T D 2 O Cerenkov detector that is sensitive to 8 B solar neutrinos. The energy, radius, and direction with respect to the sun is measured for each neutrino event; these distributions are used to separately determine the rates of the charged current, neutral current and electron scattering reactions of neutrinos on deuterium. Assuming an undistorted 8 B spectrum, the ν e component of the 8 B solar flux is φ e = 1.76 +0.05 −0.05 (stat.) +0.09 −0.09 (syst.) × 10 6 cm −2 s −1 based on events with a measured kinetic enegy above 5 MeV. The non- ν e component is φ μτ = 3.41 +0.45 −0.45 (stat.) +0.48 −0.45 (syst.) × 10 6 cm −2 s −1 , 5.3 σ greater than zero, providing strong evidence for solar ν e flavor transformation. The total flux measured with the NC reaction is φ NC = 5.09 +0.044 −0.43 (stat.) +0.46 −0.43 (syst.) × 10 6 cm −2 s −1 , consistent with solar models. The night minus day rate is 14.0% ± 6.3% +1.5 −1.4 % of the average rate. If the total flux of active neutrinos is additionally constrained to have no asymmetry, the ν e asymmetry is found to be 7.0% ± 4.9% +1.3 −1.2 %. A global solar neutrino analysis is terms of matter-enhanced oscillations of two active flavors strongly favors the Large Mixing Angle (LMA) solution.
Published: 2016
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3. Constraints on nucleon decay via invisible modes from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: X. Chen, H. Wan Chan Tseung, H. Labranche, D. L. Wark, F. Dalnoki-Veress, A. D. Marino, B. C. Robertson, N. McCauley, R. L. Helmer, G. Doucas, R. Van Berg, R. G. H. Robertson, J. B. Wilhelmy, T. Kutter, M. G. Bowler, I. Levine, M. L. Chen, Monica Dunford, S. S.E. Rosendahl, Chris Waltham, C. J. Virtue, S. J. Brice, A. W. P. Poon, J. A. Dunmore, R. L. Hahn, R. W. Ollerhead, C. W. Nally, G. McGregor, P. Jagam, K.K.S. Miknaitis, J. M. Wouters, S. Majerus, P. Skensved, X. Dai, J. F. Wilkerson, R. G. Van de Water, Joshua R. Klein, N. Gagnon, Reda Tafirout, N. Starinsky, Darren Grant, Alain Bellerive, R. S. Dosanjh, R. Lange, Mark Neubauer, W. Frati, S. N. Ahmed, R. Hazama, E. D. Earle, E. Rollin, W. B. Handler, H. B. Mak, T. J. Bowles, Andrew Hime, J. R. Wilson, Guthrie Miller, M. W.E. Smith, F. A. Duncan, M. A. Howe, A. B. McDonald, Christopher C. M. Kyba, R. MacLellan, M. A. Thomson, J. Heise, S. D. Biller, J. R. Leslie, B. A. Moffat, Bernie G. Nickel, J. Boger, F. Fleurot, M. H. Schwendener, B. T. Cleveland, Malcolm M. Fowler, N. S. Oblath, A. E. Anthony, N. West, A. V. Krumins, C. A. Duba, S. Luoma, Joseph A. Formaggio, C. Ouellet, Minfang Yeh, C. E. Okada, P. J. Harvey, W. J. Heintzelman, S. R. Elliott, O. Simard, David A. Sinclair, G. T. Ewan, I. T. Lawson, G. Tešić, A. L. Hallin, C. Mifflin, S. J. M. Peeters, N. A. Jelley, M. Thorman, D. Waller, V. L. Rusu, J. C. Hall, J. Law, M. R. Dragowsky, G. A. Cox, K. T. Lesko, L. C. Stonehill, J. Farine, C. J. Sims, C. K. Hargrove, A. J. Noble, T. V. Bullard, R. J. Hemingway, Kai Zuber, H. Fergani, J. Maneira, M. Kos, A. S. Hamer, Hal Evans, E. W. Beier, S. McGee, R. G. Stokstad, B. L. Wall, Peter Wittich, Eric B. Norman, E. D. Hallman, P. J. Doe, Y. Takeuchi, J. J. Simpson, Yuen-Dat Chan, K. Graham, S. M. Oser, M.G. Boulay, B. G. Fulsom, K. Frame, K. M. Heeger, and John L. Orrell
Subjects: Physics, Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, Particle physics, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Theory, Gamma ray, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Elementary particle, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, Baryon, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Particle decay, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Data from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory have been used to constrain the lifetime for nucleon decay to ``invisible'' modes, such as n -> 3 nu. The analysis was based on a search for gamma-rays from the de-excitation of the residual nucleus that would result from the disappearance of either a proton or neutron from O16. A limit of tau_inv > 2 x 10^{29} years is obtained at 90% confidence for either neutron or proton decay modes. This is about an order of magnitude more stringent than previous constraints on invisible proton decay modes and 400 times more stringent than similar neutron modes., Update includes missing efficiency factor (limits change by factor of 2) Submitted to Physical Review Letters
Published: 2016
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4. Extracting nuclear transparency from p,2p-A and e,e′p-A cross sections

Author: W. Frati, Niels R. Walet, and Sherman Frankel
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Correlation function (statistical mechanics), Particle physics, Eikonal equation, Nuclear transparency, Nuclear Theory, Monte Carlo method, Nuclear structure, Type (model theory), Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Glauber
Abstract: We study nuclear structure effects on the transparency in high transverse momentum $(p,2p)$ and $(e,e'p)$ reactions. We show that in the DWIA-eikonal approximation, even when correlations are included, one can get a factorized expression for the transparency. This depends only on the average nucleon density $\rho(r)$ and a correlation function. We develop a technique to include correlations in a Monte-Carlo Glauber type calculation. We compare calculations of $T$ using the eikonal formalism and a continuous density, with a Monte Carlo method based on discrete nucleons.
Published: 1994
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5. Atmospheric ratio in the multi-GeV energy range

Author: H. Miyata, J. Suzuki, Y. Takeuchi, Kazumasa Miyano, Masaki Mori, K. Nakamura, Y. Nagashima, Akito Sakai, Atsumu Suzuki, E. W. Beier, Masato Shiozawa, Soo-Bong Kim, S. Kasuga, Y. Fukuda, A. T. Suzuki, K. S. Hirata, Toru Tanimori, T. Hara, K. Kaneyuki, E. D. Frank, M. Koga, Takaaki Kajita, M. Koshiba, R. Van Berg, H. Okazawa, T. Ishizuka, Weiya Zhang, S. Joukou, Shigeki Tasaka, Takanori Ishida, Kunio Inoue, K. Kihara, T. Kumita, H. Takei, Yasunari Suzuki, F. M. Newcomer, K. Nishijima, M. Takita, T. Hayakawa, Y. Totsuka, K. Nishikawa, A. Yoshimoto, Yuichi Oyama, Kunio Matsumoto, A.K. Mann, W. Frati, M. Yamada, T. Kajimura, T. Suda, Masayuki Nakahata, Y. Hayato, Yusuke Koshio, and N. Kishi
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: Data from the Kamiokande detector were used to study the atmospheric (v μ + v μ ) (v e + v e ) ratio in the multi-GeV energy range. The observed ratio of μ-like to e-like events relative to the calculated ratio, ( μ /e) data /( μ /e) MC = 0.57 -0.07 +0.08 ± 0.07, suggests that the atmospheric (v μ + v μ ) (v e + v e ) ratio is smaller than expected for these neutrino energies. Also studied was the zenith-angle dependence of the above ratio. Results of an analysis of neutrino oscillations are presented.
Published: 1994
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6. Atmospheric neutrino data and neutrino oscillations

Author: Todor Stanev, W. Frati, Thomas K. Gaisser, and A.K. Mann
Subjects: Physics, Massless particle, Nuclear physics, Muon, Pion, Meson, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Cosmic ray, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Lepton
Abstract: Several calculations of the upward throughgoing and stopping muon fluxes produced by atmospheric, or cosmic ray, neutrinos interacting in the material surrounding underground detectors are compared and the uncertainties in the calculations estimated. We evaluate the implications for neutrino oscillations of the measured and calculated upward muon fluxes in relation to the neutrino oscillation interpretation of the atmospheric neutrino-induced interactions totally contained within the underground detectors. It appears that the region of the [Delta][ital m][sup 2], sin[sup 2]2[theta] parameter space excluded by previous analyses of the upward throughgoing muons has been overestimated, and that a more likely representation is consistent with the contained event result. In contrast, the region delineated by comparison of the observed and calculated stopping fractions is less ambiguous and comparable in quality with that obtained from the totally contained event samples.
Published: 1993
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7. A limit on massive neutrino dark matter from Kamiokande

Author: Hiroshi Yokoyama, M. Koshiba, T. Suda, Kyoshi Nishijima, Y. Oyama, K. Nakamura, E. W. Beier, Y. Nagashima, Y. Totsuka, K. Kihara, K. S. Hirata, Takanori Ishida, Weiya Zhang, H. Takei, Yasunari Suzuki, Nobuaki Sato, Takaaki Kajita, Mihoko M. Nojiri, W. Frati, Y. Fukuda, Miho Yamada, Soo-Bong Kim, A. Sakai, Masaki Mori, Kazumasa Miyano, E. D. Frank, R. Van Berg, H. Miyata, E. Kodera, Y. Takeuchi, Ken Ichi Hikasa, Masayuki Nakahata, A. Suzuki, F. M. Newcomer, T. Kajimura, A.K. Mann, K. Inoue, K. Takahashi, Toru Tanimori, K. Kaneyuki, and M. Takita
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Large Underground Xenon experiment, Solar neutrino, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Solar neutrino problem, Neutrino detector, Warm dark matter, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Light dark matter
Abstract: We have searched for possible high-energy neutrino signals expected from massive neutrino dark matter captured by the earth and the sun, by making use of upward-going muon samples collected in the seven years of operation of the Kamiokande detector. No excess of events was found from the earth or the sun, thus giving an excluded mass range of Dirac-(Majorana-) type neutrinos, 6 (24) ⩽ m ν ⩽ several hundred GeV, as the dark matter which consitutes the halo of the galaxy. The upper bounds extend to a mass range never before analyzed in previous indirect searches.
Published: 1992
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8. Survey of atmospheric neutrino data and implications for neutrino mass and mixing

Author: Kasuke Takahashi, Miho Yamada, Toru Tanimori, E. D. Frank, Kazumasa Miyano, Weiya Zhang, A. Suzuki, M. Takita, R. Van Berg, K. Kaneyuki, Y. Takeuchi, W. Frati, M. Koshiba, Nobuaki Sato, Hiroshi Yokoyama, K. Nakamura, Y. Yaginuma, Takaaki Kajita, E. W. Beier, Y. Fukuda, S. Ohara, A. Sakai, T. Kajimura, Masayuki Nakahata, T. Suda, Masaki Mori, H. Miyata, H. Takei, Yasunari Suzuki, K. S. Hirata, Soo-Bong Kim, Yuichi Oyama, E. Kodera, Y. Totsuka, K. Kihara, F. M. Newcomer, K. Inoue, A.K. Mann, Y. Nagashima, Kyoshi Nishijima, Takanori Ishida, and T. Tajima
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar neutrino, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Solar neutrino problem, Nuclear physics, Neutrino detector, Measurements of neutrino speed, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Neutrino astronomy, Neutrino oscillation, Lepton
Abstract: A detailed comparison is made of the atmospheric neutrino results obtained by the Frejus, IMB-3, and Kamiokande detectors. The implications of these results for vacuum neutrino oscillations are presented, and juxtaposed with the results for matter neutrino oscillations from the solar neutrino data.
Published: 1992
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9. Observation of a small atmospheric vμ/ve ratio in Kamiokande

Author: K. Nakamura, E. W. Beier, K. S. Hirata, Nobuaki Sato, Takaaki Kajita, E. D. Frank, Y. Takeuchi, Weiya Zhang, M. Koshiba, Hiroshi Yokoyama, Masayuki Nakahata, H. Takei, Yasunari Suzuki, F. M. Newcomer, A. Suzuki, Kunio Inoue, T. Suda, Kasuke Takahashi, Kyoshi Nishijima, Toru Tanimori, Y. Fukuda, Kazumasa Miyano, T. Tajima, A.K. Mann, A. Sakai, Soo-Bong Kim, Y. Yaginuma, H. Miyata, K. Kaneyuki, Y. Totsuka, K. Kihara, Y. Nagashima, Masaki Mori, Takanori Ishida, S. Ohara, M. Takita, E. Kodera, Yuichi Oyama, T. Kajimura, Miho Yamada, R. Van Berg, and W. Frati
Subjects: Physics, Particle scattering, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Elementary particle, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Neutrino, Atmospheric neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Flux ratio, Charged current
Abstract: Results are presented of the observation of atmospheric neutrino interactions in the Kamiokande detector in an exposure of 4.92 kt yr. The observed ratio of single ring μ-events to e-events ( μ e ) data ( μ e ) MC = 0.60 +007 −0.06 ( stat. ) ± 0.05 ( syst. ) suggests that the atmospheric vμ/ve ratio is smaller than expected. The implications of these results for neutrino oscillations are discussed.
Published: 1992
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10. Search for neutralino dark matter in Kamiokande

Author: Kazumasa Miyano, K. Nakamura, Yuichi Oyama, Y. Totsuka, E. W. Beier, K. S. Hirata, K. Kahara, Weiya Zhang, H. Miyata, M. Koshiba, R. Van Berg, Toru Tanimori, A. Suzuki, K. Kaneyuki, Mihoko M. Nojiri, Soo-Bong Kim, E. Kodera, W. Frati, Nobuaki Sato, Takaaki Kajita, H. Takei, Yasunari Suzuki, F. M. Newcomer, Kyoshi Nishijima, Miho Yamada, Kasuke Takahashi, Y. Fukuda, M. Takita, T. Tajima, Takanori Ishida, Y. Yaginuma, Y. Nagashima, Masaki Mori, A.K. Mann, E. D. Frank, K. Inoue, Masayuki Nakahata, and T. Suda
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Dark matter, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Supersymmetry, Astrophysics, Lightest Supersymmetric Particle, Neutralino, Warm dark matter, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Light dark matter, Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model
Abstract: A search has been made for upward-going muons in the Kamiokande detector as a possible signal from neutralino dark matter captured in the earth. We found the upward-going muon flux from the earth is consistent with that produced by the atmospheric neutrinos. Assuming the galactic halo contains neutralino dark matter, this result provides limits on the neutralino mass in the region 30–80 GeV and gives stringent constraints on the allowed regions of the parameter space in the framework of the minimal supersymmetric standard model.
Published: 1991
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11. Real-time, directional measurement ofB8solar neutrinos in the Kamiokande II detector

Author: M. Takita, W. Frati, K. Nishijima, Kunio Inoue, F.M. Newcomer, Toru Tanimori, L. R. Feldscher, K. S. Hirata, M. Koshiba, E. Kodera, K. Kaneyuki, K. Nakamura, Y. Yaginuma, Takanori Ishida, Kazumasa Miyano, S. B. Kim, S. Ohara, Y. Nagashima, E. W. Beier, Y. Oyama, Y. Fukuda, Weiya Zhang, A.K. Mann, A. Suzuki, T. Tajima, R. Van Berg, K. Takahashi, Miho Yamada, Masayuki Nakahata, T. Suda, K. Kihara, Y. Totsuka, Masaki Mori, E. D. Frank, H. Takei, Yasunari Suzuki, H. Miyata, Nobuaki Sato, and Takaaki Kajita
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Standard solar model, Particle physics, Electron energy, Scattering, Solar neutrino, Product (mathematics), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Electron, Neutrino, Recoil electron
Abstract: The method of $^{8}\mathrm{B}$ solar-neutrino measurement by means of the reaction ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{e}e\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{e}e$ in the Kamiokande II detector is described in detail. A data sample of 1040 live detector days in the time period January 1987 through April 1990 yields a clear directional correlation of the solar-neutrino-induced electron events with respect to the Sun and a measurement of the differential electron energy distribution. The measured flux of $^{8}\mathrm{B}$ solar neutrinos from the subsamples of 450 days at electron energy threshold ${E}_{e}\ensuremath{\ge}9.3$ MeV, and 590 days at ${E}_{e}\ensuremath{\ge}7.5$ MeV relative to calculations of the $^{8}\mathrm{B}$ flux based on the standard solar model are 0.46\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05(stat)\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.06(syst) times the prediction of Bahcall and Ulrich, and 0.70\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.08(stat)\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.09(syst) times the prediction of Turck-Chi\`eze et al. The shape of the recoil electron energy distribution is consistent with that expected from the product of the known shape of the neutrino flux from $^{8}\mathrm{B}$ $\ensuremath{\beta}$ decay and the cross section for ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{e}e\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{e}e$ scattering. Within the statistical error, there is no evidence in the solar-neutrino signal for a significant time variation.
Published: 1991
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12. The Kamiokande Solar Neutrino Experiment

Author: K. S. Hirata, T. Kajita, T. Kifune, K. Kihara, M. Nakahata, K. Nakamura, S. Ohara, N. Sato, Y. Suzuki, Y. Totsuka, Y. Yaginuma, M. Mori, Y. Oyama, A. Suzuki, K. Takahashi, H. Takei, T. Tanimori, M. Koshiba, T. Suda, T. Tajima, K. Miyano, H. Miyata, M. Yamada, Y. Fukuda, K. Kaneyuki, Y. Nagashima, M. Takita, E. W. Beier, L. R. Feldscher, E. D. Frank, W. Frati, S.B. Kim, A. K. Mann, F.M. Newcomer, R Van Berg, and W. Zhang
Abstract: The observation of 8B solar Neutrinos in the Kamiokande-II detector is presented. Based on 450 days of data in the time period of January 1987 through May 1988, the measured flux obtained with Ee ≥ 9.3 MeV was 0.46 ± 0.13 (stat) ± 0.08 (sys) of the value predicted by the standard solar model. The detector and analysis methods were improved since June 1988 and the background level has been decreased by a factor of about three since then.
Published: 1990
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13. Determination of theνeand totalB8solar neutrino fluxes using the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory Phase I data set

Author: M. Huang, R. U. Haq, C. B. Krauss, N. S. Oblath, Malcolm M. Fowler, J. Wendland, F. A. Duncan, J. A. Dunmore, H. Fergani, N.W. Tanner, K. Kazkaz, W. B. Handler, R. J. Ford, G. Jonkmans, A. P. Ferraris, J. X. Wang, S. J. M. Peeters, B. Aharmim, M. W.E. Smith, A. S. Hamer, Y. I. Tserkovnyak, J. F. Wilkerson, K. McFarlane, T. J. Walker, R. MacLellan, G. McGregor, G. Prior, M. Bercovitch, J. A. Formaggio, Reda Tafirout, Darren Grant, Benjamin Monreal, C. Jillings, C. A. Duba, B. Jamieson, N. West, Q. R. Ahmad, N. Tagg, E. D. Earle, B. L. Wall, F. Dalnoki-Veress, V. L. Rusu, G. Milton, W. F. Davidson, W. J. Heintzelman, J. Boger, H. W. Lee, P. T. Trent, R. G. Stokstad, C. J. Virtue, R. L. Hahn, H. Mes, Salvador Gil, J. A. Secrest, J. C. Barton, I. T. Lawson, H. S. Ng, T. Tsui, R. J. Boardman, L. C. Stonehill, P. Jagam, J. G. Hykaway, G. A. Cox, J. D. Anglin, Minfang Yeh, K. T. Lesko, M. C.P. Isaac, M. DiMarco, L. L. Kormos, Steven Elliott, F. M. Newcomer, S. D. Reitzner, S. N. Ahmed, Keith Rielage, T. J. Bowles, Monica Dunford, J. Maneira, A. Krüger, R. G. Van de Water, Peter Wittich, J. T.M. Goon, A. W. P. Poon, T. V. Bullard, B. C. Robertson, M. Moorhead, J. Cameron, J. C. Loach, N. A. Jelley, M. Thorman, H. M. O'Keeffe, G. Doucas, Yuen-Dat Chan, R. W. Ollerhead, M. Kos, X. Chen, J. Lyon, J. B. Wilhelmy, K. Graham, S. M. Oser, E. D. Hallman, T. Kutter, R. Meijer Drees, A. Schülke, A. L. Hallin, C. Mifflin, H. Wan Chan Tseung, G. T. Ewan, J. H.M. Cowan, R. K. Taplin, E. W. Beier, John L. Orrell, R. S. Storey, S. D. Biller, H. Labranche, Bernie G. Nickel, M.G. Boulay, D. L. Wark, J. Bigu, B. Morrissette, S. J. Brice, C. Kraus, I. Levine, A. Goldschmidt, P. J. Harvey, N. Tolich, S. S.E. Rosendahl, J. R. Leslie, B. A. Moffat, P. M. Thornewell, A. D. Marino, J. M. Wouters, Hal Evans, M. Lay, Reyco Henning, Y. Takeuchi, C. K. Hargrove, K. K.S. Miknaitis, M. R. Dragowsky, E. Guillian, T. C. Andersen, P. T. Keener, H. B. Mak, A. B. McDonald, H. Seifert, Christopher C. M. Kyba, N. Gagnon, J. J. Simpson, Klaus Kirch, E. Saettler, C. E. Okada, J. D. Hepburn, E. D. Frank, Herbert H. Chen, N. Starinsky, P. J. Doe, M. H. Schwendener, E. Bonvin, David A. Sinclair, S. McGee, J. Heise, F. Fleurot, S. Luoma, R. J. Komar, R. C. Allen, H. Heron, A. Roberge, P. Skensved, H. Deng, D. S. McDonald, D. F. Cowen, J. Law, V. M. Novikov, C. J. Sims, J. V. Germani, I. Blevis, M. Omori, J. Hewett, Andrew Hime, Kai Zuber, C. D. Tunnell, X. Dai, R. Lange, Mark Neubauer, M. G. Bowler, M. C. Browne, R. L. Helmer, M. Shatkay, C. Howard, C. W. Nally, J. Farine, Alan R. Smith, A. J. Noble, T.H. Burritt, G. Bühler, R. A. Black, J. K. Rowley, Joshua R. Klein, R. A. Ott, W. Locke, B. T. Cleveland, W. Frati, J. R. Wilson, A. B. Knox, Bhaskar Sur, Richard T. Kouzes, M. Bergevin, N. McCauley, C. A. Currat, R. Van Berg, K. Frame, E. B. Norman, K. M. Heeger, A. Wright, R. D. Martin, R. G. H. Robertson, T. D. Steiger, Chris Waltham, M. L. Chen, A. A. Hamian, Ryuta Hazama, M. L. Miller, S. Majerus, and M. A. Howe
Subjects: Physics, Elastic scattering, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, Particle physics, Neutral current, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Solar neutrino, media_common.quotation_subject, Cosmic ray, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Charged current, media_common
Abstract: This article provides the complete description of resultsfrom the Phase I data set of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO). ThePhase I data set is based on a 0.65 kt-year exposure of heavy water tothe solar 8B neutrino flux. Included here are details of the SNO physicsand detector model, evaluations of systematic uncertainties, andestimates of backgrounds. Also discussed are SNO's approach tostatistical extraction of the signals from the three neutrino reactions(charged current, neutral current, and elastic scattering) and theresults of a search for a day-night asymmetry in the ?e flux. Under theassumption that the 8B spectrum is undistorted, the measurements fromthis phase yield a solar ?e flux of ?(?e) =1.76+0.05?0.05(stat.)+0.09?0.09 (syst.) x 106 cm?2 s?1, and a non-?ecomponent ?(? mu) = 3.41+0.45?0.45(stat.)+0.48?0.45 (syst.) x 106 cm?2s?1. The sum of these components provides a total flux in excellentagreement with the predictions of Standard Solar Models. The day-nightasymmetry in the ?e flux is found to be Ae = 7.0 +- 4.9 (stat.)+1.3?1.2percent (sys.), when the asymmetry in the total flux is constrained to bezero.
Published: 2007
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14. Electron energy spectra, fluxes, and day-night asymmetries of8B solar neutrinos from measurements with NaCl dissolved in the heavy-water detector at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: B. Aharmim, S. N. Ahmed, A. E. Anthony, E. W. Beier, A. Bellerive, M. Bergevin, S. D. Biller, J. Boger, M. G. Boulay, M. G. Bowler, T. V. Bullard, Y. D. Chan, M. Chen, X. Chen, B. T. Cleveland, G. A. Cox, C. A. Currat, X. Dai, F. Dalnoki-Veress, H. Deng, P. J. Doe, R. S. Dosanjh, G. Doucas, C. A. Duba, F. A. Duncan, M. Dunford, J. A. Dunmore, E. D. Earle, S. R. Elliott, H. C. Evans, G. T. Ewan, J. Farine, H. Fergani, F. Fleurot, J. A. Formaggio, K. Frame, W. Frati, B. G. Fulsom, N. Gagnon, K. Graham, D. R. Grant, R. L. Hahn, J. C. Hall, A. L. Hallin, E. D. Hallman, W. B. Handler, C. K. Hargrove, P. J. Harvey, R. Hazama, K. M. Heeger, L. Heelan, W. J. Heintzelman, J. Heise, R. L. Helmer, R. J. Hemingway, A. Hime, C. Howard, M. A. Howe, M. Huang, P. Jagam, N. A. Jelley, J. R. Klein, L. L. Kormos, M. S. Kos, A. Krüger, C. Kraus, C. B. Krauss, A. V. Krumins, T. Kutter, C. C. M. Kyba, H. Labranche, R. Lange, J. Law, I. T. Lawson, K. T. Lesko, J. R. Leslie, I. Levine, J. C. Loach, S. Luoma, R. MacLellan, S. Majerus, H. B. Mak, J. Maneira, A. D. Marino, N. McCauley, A. B. McDonald, S. McGee, G. McGregor, C. Mifflin, K. K. S. Miknaitis, B. A. Moffat, C. W. Nally, M. S. Neubauer, B. G. Nickel, A. J. Noble, E. B. Norman, N. S. Oblath, C. E. Okada, R. W. Ollerhead, J. L. Orrell, S. M. Oser, C. Ouellet, S. J. M. Peeters, A. W. P. Poon, K. Rielage, B. C. Robertson, R. G. H. Robertson, E. Rollin, S. S. E. Rosendahl, V. L. Rusu, M. H. Schwendener, S. R. Seibert, O. Simard, J. J. Simpson, C. J. Sims, D. Sinclair, P. Skensved, M. W. E. Smith, N. Starinsky, R. G. Stokstad, L. C. Stonehill, R. Tafirout, Y. Takeuchi, G. Tešić, M. Thomson, M. Thorman, T. Tsui, R. Van Berg, R. G. Van de Water, C. J. Virtue, B. L. Wall, D. Waller, C. E. Waltham, H. Wan Chan Tseung, D. L. Wark, J. Wendland, N. West, J. F. Wilkerson, J. R. Wilson, P. Wittich, J. M. Wouters, A. Wright, M. Yeh, and K. Zuber
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Solar neutrino, Isotopes of boron, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Atomic physics, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Lepton
Abstract: Results are reported from the complete salt phase of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory experiment in which NaCl was dissolved in the {sup 2}H{sub 2}O (''D{sub 2}O'') target. The addition of salt enhanced the signal from neutron capture as compared to the pure D{sub 2}O detector. By making a statistical separation of charged-current events from other types based on event-isotropy criteria, the effective electron recoil energy spectrum has been extracted. In units of 10{sup 6}cm{sup -2}s{sup -1}, the total flux of active-flavor neutrinos from {sup 8}B decay in the Sun is found to be 4.94{sub -0.21}{sup +0.21}(stat){sub -0.34}{sup +0.38}(syst) and the integral flux of electron neutrinos for an undistorted {sup 8}B spectrum is 1.68{sub -0.06}{sup +0.06}(stat){sub -0.09}{sup +0.08}(syst); the signal from ({nu}{sub x},e) elastic scattering is equivalent to an electron-neutrino flux of 2.35{sub -0.22}{sup +0.22}(stat){sub -0.15}{sup +0.15}(syst). These results are consistent with those expected for neutrino oscillations with the so-called large mixing angle parameters and also with an undistorted spectrum. A search for matter-enhancement effects in the Earth through a possible day-night asymmetry in the charged-current integral rate is consistent with no asymmetry. Including results from other experiments, the best-fit values for two-neutrino mixing parameters are {delta}m{sup 2}=(8.0{sub -0.4}{sup +0.6})x10{sup -5}more » eV{sup 2} and {theta}=33.9{sub -2.2}{sup +2.4} degrees.« less
Published: 2005
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15. Search for periodicities in theB8solar neutrino flux measured by the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: B. Aharmim, S. N. Ahmed, A. E. Anthony, E. W. Beier, A. Bellerive, M. Bergevin, S. D. Biller, M. G. Boulay, M. G. Bowler, Y. D. Chan, M. Chen, X. Chen, B. T. Cleveland, T. Costin, G. A. Cox, C. A. Currat, X. Dai, H. Deng, J. Detwiler, P. J. Doe, R. S. Dosanjh, G. Doucas, C. A. Duba, F. A. Duncan, M. Dunford, J. A. Dunmore, E. D. Earle, S. R. Elliott, H. C. Evans, G. T. Ewan, J. Farine, H. Fergani, F. Fleurot, J. A. Formaggio, W. Frati, B. G. Fulsom, N. Gagnon, J. TM. Goon, K. Graham, R. L. Hahn, A. L. Hallin, E. D. Hallman, W. B. Handler, C. K. Hargrove, P. J. Harvey, R. Hazama, K. M. Heeger, L. Heelan, W. J. Heintzelman, J. Heise, R. L. Helmer, R. J. Hemingway, A. Hime, M. A. Howe, M. Huang, E. Inrig, P. Jagam, N. A. Jelley, J. R. Klein, L. L. Kormos, M. S. Kos, A. Krüger, C. Kraus, C. B. Krauss, A. V. Krumins, T. Kutter, C. C. M. Kyba, H. Labranche, R. Lange, J. Law, I. T. Lawson, K. T. Lesko, J. R. Leslie, I. Levine, J. C. Loach, S. Luoma, R. MacLellan, S. Majerus, J. Maneira, A. D. Marino, N. McCauley, A. B. McDonald, S. McGee, C. Mifflin, K. K. S. Miknaitis, B. G. Nickel, A. J. Noble, E. B. Norman, N. S. Oblath, C. E. Okada, H. M. O’Keeffe, R. W. Ollerhead, G. D. Orebi Gann, J. L. Orrell, S. M. Oser, T. Ouvarova, S. J. M. Peeters, A. W. P. Poon, C. S. J. Pun, K. Rielage, B. C. Robertson, R. G. H. Robertson, E. Rollin, S. S. E. Rosendahl, M. H. Schwendener, S. R. Seibert, O. Simard, J. J. Simpson, C. J. Sims, D. Sinclair, L. Sinclair, P. Skensved, M. W. E. Smith, R. G. Stokstad, L. C. Stonehill, R. Tafirout, Y. Takeuchi, G. Tešić, M. Thomson, K. V. Tsang, T. Tsui, R. Van Berg, C. J. Virtue, B. L. Wall, D. Waller, C. E. Waltham, H. Wan Chan Tseung, D. L. Wark, J. Wendland, N. West, J. F. Wilkerson, J. R. Wilson, J. M. Wouters, M. Yeh, and K. Zuber
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar neutrino, Flux, Astrophysics, Solar neutrino problem, 01 natural sciences, Radiation flux, Neutrino detector, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Lepton
Abstract: A search has been made for sinusoidal periodic variations in the 8B solar neutrino flux using data collected by the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory over a 4-year time interval. The variation at a period of 1 yr is consistent with modulation of the 8B neutrino flux by the Earth's orbital eccentricity. No significant sinusoidal periodicities are found with periods between 1 d and 10 years with either an unbinned maximum likelihood analysis or a Lomb-Scargle periodogram analysis. The data are inconsistent with the hypothesis that the results of the recent analysis by Sturrock et al., based on elastic scattering events in Super-Kamiokande, can be attributed to a 7% sinusoidal modulation of the total 8B neutrino flux.
Published: 2005
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16. Electron antineutrino search at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: S. M. Oser, S. J. M. Peeters, R. W. Ollerhead, V. L. Rusu, B. A. Moffat, Xiaobo Chen, M.G. Boulay, R. L. Helmer, J. A. Dunmore, K.K.S. Miknaitis, Monica Dunford, A. W. P. Poon, S. D. Biller, J. Boger, C. E. Okada, G. Doucas, David A. Sinclair, T. V. Bullard, P. Skensved, J. F. Wilkerson, L. C. Stonehill, N. McCauley, A. L. Hallin, C. Mifflin, Reda Tafirout, R. Van Berg, Darren Grant, P. J. Harvey, S. J. Brice, B. G. Fulsom, C. B. Krauss, N. S. Oblath, M. L. Chen, M. A. Howe, E. D. Hallman, H. Fergani, S. N. Ahmed, G. McGregor, S. S.E. Rosendahl, M. A. Thomson, J. Heise, M. R. Dragowsky, T. J. Bowles, P. J. Doe, R. G. Stokstad, C. K. Hargrove, F. Fleurot, S. Luoma, Malcolm M. Fowler, X. Dai, G. Tešić, I. Levine, S. Majerus, Keith Rielage, A. B. McDonald, Christopher C. M. Kyba, P. Jagam, C. J. Virtue, Joshua R. Klein, R. Lange, Mark Neubauer, B. G. Nickel, A. Krüger, R. G. Van de Water, N. Starinsky, Hal Evans, W. Frati, D. Waller, H. B. Mak, M. S. Kos, A. S. Hamer, W. B. Handler, R. MacLellan, R. L. Hahn, Guthrie Miller, Y. Takeuchi, O. Simard, E. D. Earle, Peter Wittich, B. Aharmim, M. W.E. Smith, F. A. Duncan, S. McGee, B. L. Wall, T. Tsui, J. M. Wouters, J. J. Simpson, C. Ouellet, Eric B. Norman, J. R. Leslie, C. A. Duba, B. C. Robertson, B. T. Cleveland, I. T. Lawson, L. L. Kormos, S. R. Elliott, J. B. Wilhelmy, T. Kutter, G. T. Ewan, G. A. Cox, R. J. Hemingway, N. Gagnon, R. Hazama, C. W. Nally, E. W. Beier, R. S. Dosanjh, E. Rollin, N. West, A. V. Krumins, W. J. Heintzelman, K. T. Lesko, H. Wan Chan Tseung, J. Maneira, H. Labranche, Alain Bellerive, D. L. Wark, Chris Waltham, F. Dalnoki-Veress, A. D. Marino, R. G. H. Robertson, Joseph A. Formaggio, J. Farine, Minfang Yeh, A. J. Noble, J. R. Wilson, N. A. Jelley, Andrew Hime, M. H. Schwendener, J. Law, C. J. Sims, John L. Orrell, Kai Zuber, K. Frame, K. M. Heeger, Yuen-Dat Chan, and K. Graham
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Nuclear Experiment, Lepton, Bar (unit)
Abstract: Upper limits on the \nuebar flux at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory have been set based on the \nuebar charged-current reaction on deuterium. The reaction produces a positron and two neutrons in coincidence. This distinctive signature allows a search with very low background for \nuebar's from the Sun and other potential sources. Both differential and integral limits on the \nuebar flux have been placed in the energy range from 4 -- 14.8 MeV. For an energy-independent ��_e --> \nuebar conversion mechanism, the integral limit on the flux of solar \nuebar's in the energy range from 4 -- 14.8 MeV is found to be ��_\nuebar, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Published: 2004

17. Measurement of day and night neutrino energy spectra at SNO and constraints on neutrino mixing parameters

Author: J. C. Barton, R. L. Helmer, Monica Dunford, A. W. P. Poon, M. Bercovitch, M. Lay, H. Fergani, J. J. Simpson, P. J. Doe, C. J. Virtue, J. A. Dunmore, R. W. Ollerhead, H. Heron, R. U. Haq, J. Lyon, E. D. Earle, B. A. Moffat, I. Levine, T. J. Radcliffe, G. T. Ewan, W. Locke, J. R. Leslie, B. C. Robertson, A. P. Ferraris, J. X. Wang, V. L. Rusu, K. K. Schaffer, S. D. Biller, A. S. Hamer, B. T. Cleveland, T. Kutter, R. Meijer Drees, N. Tagg, F. A. Duncan, R. J. Ford, P. J. Harvey, N. McCauley, M. C.P. Isaac, M. H. Schwendener, N. Gagnon, Xin Chen, E. Bonvin, R. Hazama, E. D. Hallman, A. J. Noble, R. Van Berg, H. S. Ng, P. M. Thornewell, T. D. Steiger, W. J. Heintzelman, M. L. Chen, A. Roberge, K. McFarlane, P. T. Trent, A. A. Hamian, D. F. Cowen, J. Law, C. J. Sims, Joshua R. Klein, J. V. Germani, D. L. Wark, R. G. Van de Water, N. Starinsky, K. T. Lesko, W. Frati, Q. R. Ahmad, Bhaskar Sur, F. Dalnoki-Veress, T. V. Bullard, P. T. Keener, H. B. Mak, A. D. Marino, I. T. Lawson, Richard T. Kouzes, Anett Schulke, J. Bigu, R. J. Boardman, G. A. Cox, E. W. Beier, M. G. Bowler, J. Heise, C. K. Hargrove, G. McGregor, S. Luoma, J. Boger, Y. I. Tserkovnyak, R. G. Stokstad, N.W. Tanner, D. S. McDonald, A. B. McDonald, M. Shatkay, L. C. Stonehill, J. K. Rowley, M. O'Neill, S. S.E. Rosendahl, G. G. Miller, H. W. Lee, V. M. Novikov, C. W. Nally, Christopher C. M. Kyba, Alan R. Smith, M. Moorhead, G. Jonkmans, E. Saettler, S. Majerus, J. Cameron, H. Seifert, Herbert H. Chen, G. Bühler, J. M. Wouters, E. T.H. Clifford, P. Jagam, C. E. Okada, J. D. Hepburn, M. A. Howe, David A. Sinclair, Yuen-Dat Chan, K. Graham, J. Hewett, S. M. Oser, A. L. Hallin, Andrew Hime, J. Manor, C. Mifflin, J. H.M. Cowan, J. Maneira, I. Blevis, R. L. Hahn, Salvador Gil, G. Doucas, M. Omori, M.G. Boulay, C. Jillings, J. F. Wilkerson, Eric B. Norman, J. R. Wilson, K. Frame, Reda Tafirout, Darren Grant, A. B. Knox, C. A. Duba, K. M. Heeger, Hal Evans, John L. Orrell, W. F. Davidson, J. Farine, R. A. Black, W. B. Handler, Joseph A. Formaggio, Minfang Yeh, N. A. Jelley, N. West, M. Thorman, M. W.E. Smith, M. M. Fowler, M. C. Browne, Steven Elliott, T. C. Andersen, E.D. Frank, R. S. Storey, J. G. Hykawy, R. J. Komar, R. C. Allen, P. Skensved, R. K. Taplin, T. J. Bowles, X. Dai, Mark Neubauer, Chris Waltham, G. Milton, R. G. H. Robertson, T. Spreitzer, F.M. Newcomer, J. D. Anglin, S. J. Brice, Peter Wittich, J. B. Wilhelmy, M. R. Dragowsky, K. Kazkaz, Delon, Viviane, Développement et Communication Chimique chez les Insectes ( DCCI ), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar neutrino, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Flux, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear astrophysics, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Nuclear Experiment, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Charged current, Physics, Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, 13. Climate action, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Neutrino
Abstract: The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) has measured day and night solar neutrino energy spectra and rates. For charged current events, assuming an undistorted $^8$B spectrum, the night minus day rate is $14.0% \pm 6.3% ^{+1.5}_{-1.4}%$ of the average rate. If the total flux of active neutrinos is additionally constrained to have no asymmetry, the $\nu_e$ asymmetry is found to be $7.0% \pm 4.9% ^{+1.3}_{-1.2}%$. A global solar neutrino analysis in terms of matter-enhanced oscillations of two active flavors strongly favors the Large Mixing Angle (LMA) solution., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures; very minor revisions, accepted by Physical Review Letters
Published: 2002

18. Direct evidence for neutrino flavor transformation from neutral-current interactions in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: D. S. McDonald, E. D. Earle, J. A. Dunmore, R. U. Haq, Christopher C. M. Kyba, M. C.P. Isaac, V. M. Novikov, T. J. Bowles, G. Jonkmans, E. Saettler, H. Fergani, J. R. Wilson, G. Doucas, E. D. Hallman, M. H. Schwendener, E. Bonvin, R. Hazama, Herbert H. Chen, A. B. Knox, N. McCauley, P. J. Doe, J. Law, P. Jagam, N. W. Tanner, C. J. Sims, J. V. Germani, A. Roberge, H. Heron, A. L. Hallin, R. Van Berg, C. Mifflin, J. B. Wilhelmy, P. T. Trent, H. W. Lee, Joseph A. Formaggio, M. R. Dragowsky, M. M. Fowler, S. D. Biller, J. Hewett, T. V. Bullard, Andrew Hime, T. D. Steiger, R. K. Taplin, M. C. Browne, Minfang Yeh, M. L. Chen, R. L. Hahn, Salvador Gil, K. Kazkaz, A. A. Hamian, J. Farine, G. T. Ewan, K. K. Schaffer, N. A. Jelley, N. West, E. W. Beier, Hal Evans, S. S.E. Rosendahl, E. T.H. Clifford, F.M. Newcomer, M. Lay, R. A. Black, F. A. Duncan, J. D. Anglin, P. J. Harvey, Yuen-Dat Chan, S. J. Brice, K. Graham, D. F. Cowen, C. E. Okada, J. D. Hepburn, R. G. H. Robertson, T. C. Andersen, Steven Elliott, J. J. Simpson, Peter Wittich, David A. Sinclair, E.D. Frank, A. S. Hamer, S. M. Oser, R. G. Stokstad, L. C. Stonehill, J. Maneira, R. G. Van de Water, I. Levine, N. Starinsky, P. M. Thornewell, T. J. Radcliffe, K. Frame, S. Majerus, J. H.M. Cowan, T. Spreitzer, D. L. Wark, J. Cameron, W. J. Heintzelman, Chris Waltham, C. J. Virtue, M. O'Neill, M. Moorhead, R. J. Komar, R. C. Allen, K. T. Lesko, M.G. Boulay, Joshua R. Klein, K. McFarlane, N. Gagnon, K. M. Heeger, I. T. Lawson, W. Frati, John L. Orrell, J. M. Wouters, Bhaskar Sur, B. C. Robertson, F. Dalnoki-Veress, H. B. Mak, Richard T. Kouzes, Q. R. Ahmad, A. P. Ferraris, R. J. Boardman, A. D. Marino, Anett Schulke, J. Bigu, M. Bercovitch, J. X. Wang, P. T. Keener, T. Kutter, R. Meijer Drees, G. A. Cox, V. L. Rusu, A. B. McDonald, R. S. Storey, G. McGregor, M. A. Howe, R. W. Ollerhead, A. J. Noble, H. Seifert, J. Manor, Y. I. Tserkovnyak, J. Lyon, Eric B. Norman, J. Heise, C. K. Hargrove, S. Luoma, M. Thorman, N. Tagg, J. F. Wilkerson, Reda Tafirout, Darren Grant, B. A. Moffat, J. G. Hykawy, W. F. Davidson, J. C. Barton, R. L. Helmer, I. Blevis, M. Omori, Monica Dunford, A. W. P. Poon, R. J. Ford, Xin Chen, P. Skensved, G. Milton, X. Dai, H. S. Ng, Mark Neubauer, M. G. Bowler, W. Locke, J. R. Leslie, J. Boger, B. T. Cleveland, W. B. Handler, M. Shatkay, M. W.E. Smith, Alan R. Smith, C. W. Nally, G. Bühler, C. Jillings, J. K. Rowley, C. A. Duba, G. G. Miller, Développement et Communication Chimique chez les Insectes ( DCCI ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, and Delon, Viviane
Subjects: Particle physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrino, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Tau neutrino, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Solar neutrino problem, Neutrino detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Neutrino, Lepton
Abstract: Observations of neutral current neutrino interactions on deuterium in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory are reported. Using the neutral current, elastic scattering, and charged current reactions and assuming the standard 8B shape, the electron-neutrino component of the 8B solar flux is 1.76 +/-0.05(stat.)+/-0.09(syst.) x10^6/(cm^2 s), for a kinetic energy threshold of 5 MeV. The non-electron neutrino component is 3.41+/-0.45(stat.)+0.48,-0.45(syst.) x10^6/(cm^2 s), 5.3 standard deviations greater than zero, providing strong evidence for solar electron neutrino flavor transformation. The total flux measured with the NC reaction is 5.09 +0.44,-0.43(stat.)+0.46,-0.43(syst.)x10^6/(cm^2 s), consistent with solar models., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, correction to author list and minor typographical corrections to references
Published: 2002

19. Direct Evidence for Neutrino Flavor Transformation from Neutral-Current Interactions in SNO

Author: T. V. Bullard, M. H. Schwendener, B. C. Robertson, E. W. Beier, H. Fergani, G. Doucas, J. M. Wouters, H. W. Lee, J. Law, H. S. Ng, D. L. Wark, P. J. Doe, A. R. Smith, K. McFarlane, J. B. Wilhelmy, T. Kutter, Guthrie Miller, J.D. Anglin, A. S. Hamer, Q. R. Ahmad, C. J. Sims, J. V. Germani, M. Moorhead, R. Meijer Drees, J. Cameron, A. B. McDonald, H. Heron, F. Dalnoki-Veress, Min Chen, A. D. Marino, Christopher C. M. Kyba, John Heise, R. U. Haq, N. McCauley, K. Kazkaz, T. J. Radcliffe, R. G. H. Robertson, M. R. Dragowsky, E. Saettler, R. J. Boardman, T. Spreitzer, G. A. Cox, Andrew Hime, W. B. Handler, J.L. Hewett, Herbert H. Chen, Jochen Klein, Ilan Levine, C. J. Virtue, M. W.E. Smith, I. Lawson, N. Tagg, Anett Schulke, S. J. Brice, J. Bigu, Chris Waltham, A. J. Noble, Y. I. Tserkovnyak, R. L. Hahn, Salvador Gil, G. McGregor, J. G. Hykawy, Yuen-Dat Chan, A. P. Ferraris, J. X. Wang, E. D. Earle, A. L. Hallin, C. Mifflin, B. T. Cleveland, X. Chen, N.W. Tanner, K. Graham, L. C. Stonehill, S. M. Oser, J. Farine, Minfang Yeh, G. Jonkmans, N. West, V. L. Rusu, P. Skensved, M. Lay, R. K. Taplin, F. A. Duncan, J. H.M. Cowan, M. G. Boulay, W. J. Heintzelman, J. C. Barton, N. A. Jelley, M. Thorman, R. A. Black, M. O'Neill, J. J. Simpson, P. T. Keener, R. J. Ford, D. F. Cowen, Monica Dunford, J. Maneira, F. M. Newcomer, A. W. P. Poon, G. Bühler, J. A. Dunmore, A. Knox, P. T. Trent, R. W. Ollerhead, Peter Wittich, J. Lyon, M. C.P. Isaac, R. G. Stokstad, N. Gagnon, K. Frame, J. K. Rowley, B. A. Moffat, K. M. Heeger, I. Blevis, R. S. Storey, John L. Orrell, M. Omori, Joseph A. Formaggio, E. Bonvin, E. D. Hallman, R. Van Berg, W. Locke, A. Roberge, E. T.H. Clifford, J. Boger, T. J. Bowles, C. E. Okada, J. D. Hepburn, S. R. Elliott, David A. Sinclair, G. T. Ewan, T. D. Steiger, K. K. Schaffer, James R. Wilson, T. C. Andersen, A. A. Hamian, E.D. Frank, C. K. Hargrove, D. S. McDonald, X. Dai, V. M. Novikov, R. J. Komar, R. C. Allen, W. Frati, Bhaskar Sur, Mark Neubauer, Richard T. Kouzes, S. S.E. Rosendahl, Hal Evans, M. G. Bowler, M. C. Browne, Ryuta Hazama, R. L. Helmer, M. Bercovitch, S. Majerus, M. Shatkay, C. W. Nally, C. Jillings, C. A. Duba, H. B. Mak, W.F. Davidson, S. D. Biller, J. F. Wilkerson, Reda Tafirout, P. J. Harvey, Darren Grant, P. M. Thornewell, G. Milton, M. A. Howe, J. Manor, Malcolm M. Fowler, Eric B. Norman, H. Seifert, J. R. Leslie, P. Jagam, R. G. Van de Water, N. Starinsky, S. Luoma, and K. T. Lesko
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, Neutral current, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrino, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Solar neutrino problem, Nuclear physics, Neutrino detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, Neutrino oscillation, Charged current
Abstract: The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) is a 1,000 tonne heavy water Cerenkov‐based neutrino detector situated 2,000 meters underground in INCO’s Creighton Mine near Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. For the neutrinos from 8B decay in the Sun SNO observes the Charged Current neutrino reaction sensitive only to electron neutrinos and others (Neutral Current and Elastic Scattering) sensitive to all active neutrino types and thereby can search for direct evidence of neutrino flavor change. Using these reactions and assuming the standard 8B shape, the ve component of the 8B solar flux is φe = 1.76−0.05+0.05(stat.)−0.09+0.09 (syst.) × 106 cm−2s−1 for a kinetic energy threshold of 5 MeV. The non‐ve component is φμτ = 3.41−0.45+0.45(stat.)−0.45+0.48 (syst.) × 106 cm−2s−1, 5.3σ greater than zero, providing strong evidence for solar ve flavor transformation. The total flux measured with the NC reaction is φNC = 5.09−0.43+0.44(stat.)−0.43+0.46 (syst.) × 106 cm−2s−1, consistent with solar models. For charged current events, ...
Published: 2002
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20. TheJ/Ψ absorption cross section in nuclei and color screening

Author: W. Frati and Sherman Frankel
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Cross section (physics), High energy, Photon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Hadron, Absorption cross section, Observable, Open charm, Nucleon, Engineering (miscellaneous)
Abstract: Data on 120 GeV photoproduction ofJ/Ψ's in nuclear targets are re-examined to extract the absorption cross section forJ/Ψ's in high energy collisions with nucleons. We find σa=6.6±2.2 mb in contrast with an earlier estimate of 1–2 mb. Comparison of low and high energy data on photon producedJ/Ψ's thus no longer show possible evidence for observable effects of color screening. Examination of representative data on the Feynmanx distributions ofJ/Ψ production by hadrons demonstrates how to extract both the total inelasticJ/Ψ-nucleon cross section and the partial cross section into open charm. We find that the data is inconsistent with any significant contribution from color screening.
Published: 1993
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21. Measurement of CC interactions produced by ${}^8$B solar neutrinos at SNO

Author: H. W. Lee, H. Mes, D. S. McDonald, John Heise, Ilan Levine, J. A. Dunmore, V. M. Novikov, R. U. Haq, Yuen-Dat Chan, J. F. Wilkerson, M. Moorhead, H. S. Ng, J. Cameron, Y. I. Tserkovnyak, Reda Tafirout, A. L. Hallin, E. T.H. Clifford, J. Boger, C. Mifflin, B. T. Cleveland, E. Bonvin, K. McFarlane, Darren Grant, N. Tagg, Christopher C. M. Kyba, C. E. Okada, J. D. Hepburn, S. M. Oser, David A. Sinclair, Hans C. Evans, T. V. Bullard, E. D. Earle, M. C.P. Isaac, R. W. Ollerhead, X. Chen, G. Milton, A. Roberge, N.W. Tanner, J. Lyon, Guthrie Miller, P. Skensved, H. B. Mak, I. Blevis, J. D. Anglin, E. D. Hallman, T. C. Andersen, E. W. Beier, J. H.M. Cowan, R. G. Stokstad, John L. Orrell, Q. R. Ahmad, F. M. Newcomer, C. J. Virtue, E. Saettler, E.D. Frank, Art Mc Donald, W.F. Davidson, Peter Wittich, P. J. Doe, P. Jagam, S. R. Elliott, M. Omori, Herbert H. Chen, G. T. Ewan, K. K. Schaffer, H. Heron, H. Fergani, J. Karn, Y. Dai, R. J. Ford, Klaus Kirch, D. L. Wark, B. A. Moffat, N. Starinsky, R. Heaton, F. A. Duncan, N. McCauley, C. K. Hargrove, J. C. Barton, B. C. Robertson, M. R. Dragowsky, R. K. Taplin, D. F. Cowen, M. G. Boulay, R. L. Hahn, Salvador Gil, F. Dalnoki-Veress, P. T. Trent, A. Goldschmidt, R. S. Storey, G. Doucas, A. S. Hamer, A. D. Marino, A. Knox, N. West, J. R. Leslie, S. D. Biller, R. J. Komar, R. C. Allen, M. W.E. Smith, M. Bercovitch, M. C. Chon, M. O'Neill, M. A. Howe, J. B. Wilhelmy, T. Kutter, R. Meijer Drees, Min Chen, P. J. Harvey, M. Lay, J. Bigu, S. J. Brice, G. McGregor, P. M. Thornewell, W. J. Heintzelman, R. J. Boardman, Richard George Van de Water, G. A. Cox, I. Lawson, T. J. Radcliffe, K. Frame, A. J. Noble, A. W. P. Poon, Malcolm M. Fowler, P. T. Keener, K. T. Lesko, J. J. Simpson, T. J. Bowles, K. M. Heeger, Eric B. Norman, G. Jonkmans, J. M. Wouters, H. Seifert, S. Luoma, A. Schuelke, Minfang Yeh, A. B. McDonald, N. A. Jelley, M. Thorman, A. P. Ferraris, J. X. Wang, V. L. Rusu, K. Cameron, J. G. Hykawy, J. Hewett, Andrew Hime, M. H. Schwendener, W. McLatchie, M. M. Lowry, J. Law, Jochen Klein, J. V. Germani, J. Farine, M. G. Bowler, M. C. Browne, T.H. Burritt, R. A. Black, G. Bühler, A. R. Smith, R. L. Helmer, W. Locke, J. K. Rowley, M. Shatkay, R. Van Berg, C. W. Nally, T. D. Steiger, A. A. Hamian, C. Jillings, Ryuta Hazama, Chris Waltham, S. Majerus, C. A. Duba, R. G. H. Robertson, W. Frati, Bhaskar Sur, Richard T. Kouzes, James R. Wilson, X. Dai, and Mark Neubauer
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Angular distribution, Solar neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Charged current
Published: 2001
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22. The 16N Calibration Source for the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: M.R. Dragowsky, A. Hamer, Y.D. Chan, R. Deal, E.D. Earle, W. Frati, E. Gaudette, A. Hallin, C. Hearns, J. Hewett, G. Jonkmans, Y. Kajiyama, A.B. McDonald, B.A. Moffat, E.B. Norman, B. Sur, and N. Tagg
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrino, Radioactive source, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Scintillator, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Nuclear physics, Neutron generator, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron source, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation
Abstract: A calibration source using gamma-rays from 16N (t_1/2 = 7.13 s) beta-decay has been developed for the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) for the purpose of energy and other calibrations. The 16N is produced via the (n,p) reaction on 16O in the form of CO2 gas using 14-MeV neutrons from a commercially available Deuterium-Tritium (DT) generator. The 16N is produced in a shielding pit in a utility room near the SNO cavity and transferred to the water volumes (D2O or H2O) in a CO2 gas stream via small diameter capillary tubing. The bulk of the activity decays in a decay/trigger chamber designed to block the energetic beta-particles yet permit the primary branch 6.13 MeV gamma-rays to exit. Detection of the coincident beta-particles with plastic scintillator lining the walls of the decay chamber volume provides a tag for the SNO electronics. This paper gives details of the production, transfer, and triggering systems for this source along with a discussion of the source gamma-ray output and performance., Accepted for publication in NIM-A. 25 total pages, including 10 figures and 1 Table
Published: 2001

23. Measurement of the Rate ofνe+d→p+p+e−Interactions Produced byB8Solar Neutrinos at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: G. Jonkmans, Y. Dai, J. M. Wouters, A. Goldschmidt, M. G. Bowler, J. Boger, M. Shatkay, John L. Orrell, R. G. Stokstad, C. W. Nally, P. Skensved, M. M. Fowler, J. C. Barton, X. Dai, M. C. Browne, Mark Neubauer, C. Jillings, C. A. Duba, B. C. Robertson, R. L. Helmer, Yuen-Dat Chan, P. Jagam, N. W. Tanner, A. L. Hallin, Chris Waltham, C. Mifflin, Steven Elliott, T. Kutter, J. B. Wilhelmy, H. W. Lee, R. Meijer Drees, R. K. Taplin, M. R. Dragowsky, S. M. Oser, K. Frame, R. U. Haq, N. McCauley, C. K. Hargrove, F.M. Newcomer, R. G. H. Robertson, J. D. Anglin, S. J. Brice, J. H.M. Cowan, C. J. Virtue, M. Moorhead, Peter Wittich, I. Blevis, T. C. Andersen, R. Heaton, S. Luoma, K. M. Heeger, F. A. Duncan, A. Schuelke, R. J. Ford, J. Cameron, M. Omori, R. S. Storey, M. A. Howe, Xin Chen, E.D. Frank, K. McFarlane, Minfang Yeh, N. A. Jelley, N. West, M. W.E. Smith, Q. R. Ahmad, Klaus Kirch, R. Van Berg, M. H. Schwendener, P. T. Trent, J. F. Wilkerson, Reda Tafirout, Mark Guy Boulay, Darren Grant, W. McLatchie, G. Milton, W. F. Davidson, J. Heise, J. G. Hykawy, H. Mes, E. T.H. Clifford, N. Tagg, H. S. Ng, J. Law, J. V. Germani, M. O'Neill, R. G. Van de Water, T. D. Steiger, N. Starinsky, R. J. Bardman, R. J. Komar, R. C. Allen, M. L. Chen, M. C. Chon, H. Seifert, J. Hewett, A. A. Hamian, Andrew Hime, J. Karn, I. T. Lawson, C. E. Okada, J. D. Hepburn, T. J. Bowles, W. Locke, J. R. Leslie, Eric B. Norman, David A. Sinclair, B. T. Cleveland, J. Bigu, G. McGregor, G. A. Cox, R. L. Hahn, Salvador Gil, K. Cameron, Alan R. Smith, J. R. Wilson, M. M. Lowry, H. Fergani, T.H. Burritt, J. A. Dunmore, G. Bühler, S. Majerus, S. D. Biller, Hal Evans, Joshua R. Klein, M. Lay, A. B. Knox, P. J. Harvey, D. S. McDonald, W. Frati, Bhaskar Sur, J. K. Rowley, A. S. Hamer, H. B. Mak, P. M. Thornewell, Richard T. Kouzes, J. J. Simpson, G. Doucas, V. M. Novikov, Y. I. Tserkovnyak, G. G. Miller, W. J. Heintzelman, E. D. Earle, P. T. Keener, K. T. Lesko, M. Thorman, J. Farine, M. C.P. Isaac, G. T. Ewan, K. K. Schaffer, R. A. Black, E. D. Hallman, E. Bonvin, A. B. McDonald, Christopher C. M. Kyba, R. Hazama, P. J. Doe, D. L. Wark, T. V. Bullard, A. Roberge, H. Heron, E. Saettler, E. W. Beier, F. Dalnoki-Veress, A. D. Marino, Herbert H. Chen, M. Bercovitch, D. F. Cowen, A. J. Noble, I. Levine, T. J. Radcliffe, A. W. P. Poon, A. P. Ferraris, J. X. Wang, V. L. Rusu, R. W. Ollerhead, J. Lyon, and B. A. Moffat
Subjects: Nuclear reaction, Physics, Particle physics, Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Solar neutrino, General Physics and Astronomy, Flux, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Nuclear physics, Massless particle, 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Charged current, Lepton
Abstract: Solar neutrinos from the decay of 8B have been detected at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) via the charged current (CC) reaction on deuterium and by the elastic scattering (ES) of electrons. The CC reaction is sensitive exclusively to νe, while the ES reaction also has a small sensitivity to νμ and ντ. The flux of νe from 8B decay measured by the CC reaction rate is φCC(ν e )=[1.75±0.07(stat.) −0.11 +0.12 (syst.)×0.05(theor.)]×106cm−2s−1. Assuming no flavor transformation, the flux inferred from the ES reaction rate is φES(ν x )=[2.39±0.34(stat.) −0.14 +0.16 (syst.)]×106cm−2s−1. Comparison of φCC(νe) to the Super-Kamiokande collaboration’s precision value of φES(νx) yields a 3.3σ difference, assuming the systematic uncertainties are normally distributed, providing evidence that there is a nonelectron flavor active neutrino component in the solar flux. The total flux of active 8B neutrinos is thus determined to be (5.44±0.99)×106 cm−2 s−1, in close agreement with the predictions of solar models.
Published: 2001
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24. j_psi Suppression and the Quark-Gluon Plasma

Author: W. Frati and Sherman Frankel
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Energy loss, Proton, Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, Deconfinement, Nuclear physics, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), symbols.namesake, Quark–gluon plasma, symbols, Feynman diagram, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation)
Abstract: All measured Feynman x_f distributions of the ratio, R, of j_psi production in nuclei relative to production on protons fall off with x_f. They show [2] that absorption of charmonium cannot be the only source of j_psi suppression and that energy loss of the constituents of the incident proton prior to the j_psi production, because of the exponential sqrt(s) dependence of the charmonium cross section, should not be neglected. Including the effects of initial state energy loss we find that the latest measured Pb-Pb j_psi cross sections do not provide any evidence for deconfinement., Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures, additional material, accepted by Physics Letters
Published: 1997
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25. Nuclear transparency in quasifree electron scattering

Author: Niels R. Walet, W. Frati, and Sherman Frankel
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Nuclear transparency, Momentum transfer, Atomic number, Neutron density, Nuclear theory, Glauber, Electron scattering, Prime (order theory)
Abstract: Recently measured [ital Q][sup 2] and [ital A] dependences of nuclear transparency ([ital T]) in [ital e],[ital e][sup [prime]][ital p] interactions are in agreement with theoretical predictions based on a Glauber theory which incorporates the internucleon spatial correlations.
Published: 1995

26. A dependence of hadron production in inelastic muon scattering and dimuon production by protons

Author: W. Frati and S Frankel
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Proton, Scattering, Computer Science::Information Retrieval, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, Inelastic scattering, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, symbols.namesake, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Pair production, symbols, Feynman diagram, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Atomic number, Nuclear Experiment, Particle Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: The A dependence of the production of hadrons in inelastic muon scattering and of the production of dimuons in high $Q^2$ proton interactions are simply related. Feynman x distributions and z scaling distributions in nuclei are compared with energy loss models. Suggestions for new data analyses are presented., 14pp +13 figures, UPR report 607T (available from ftp://dept.physics.upenn.edu/muhad )
Published: 1993

27. Search for neutrino-induced low-energy-electron-event clusters in Kamiokande-II

Author: Kazumasa Miyano, Nobuaki Sato, Y. Oyama, Weiya Zhang, S. Ohara, Y. Fukuda, T. Kajita, Tsuyoshi Ishida, A.K. Mann, A. Suzuki, T. Tajima, Toru Tanimori, W. Frati, Y. Yaginuma, F. M. Newcomer, K. Nakamura, K. Kaneyuki, Miho Yamada, Teruhiro Suda, Y. Totsuka, Y. Nagashima, K. S. Hirata, Masayuki Nakahata, E. Kodera, R. Van Berg, H. Takei, Soo-Bong Kim, K. Inoue, E. D. Frank, K. Kihara, Masaki Mori, E. W. Beier, Kasuke Takahashi, H. Miyata, and M. Takita
Subjects: Massless particle, Physics, Supernova, Particle physics, Muon, Neutrino detector, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar neutrino, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Elementary particle, Neutrino, Lepton
Abstract: Following earlier searches by the Kamiokande-II Collaboration for neutrino-induced events of special interest, a further intensive search has been made for electron events in the energy interval 6\ensuremath{\le}${\mathit{E}}_{\mathit{e}}$\ensuremath{\le}30 MeV, which are clustered in time. No time cluster which might be interpreted as a neutrino burst was found in 2.8 yr of data apart from the burst from SN 1987A. An unusual group of events, not the result of a neutrino interaction in the detector, but clustered in time and space within the detector was observed; information concerning it is presented here.
Published: 1992

28. Mass limits for dark-matter particles derived from high-energy neutrinos from the Sun

Author: Atsumu Suzuki, R. Van Berg, K. Kaneyuki, Y. Totsuka, Kazumasa Miyano, K. S. Hirata, Yoshihiko Nagashima, Kasuke Takahashi, K. Kihara, L. R. Feldscher, T. Tanimori, Y. Yaginuma, T. Tajima, M. Koshiba, W. Frati, Nobuaki Sato, T. Kajita, K. Nakamura, E. D. Frank, M. Takita, H. Takei, Yasunari Suzuki, Masayuki Nakahata, Yuichi Oyama, Tadashi Kifune, A.K. Mann, E. W. Beier, S. Ohara, H. Miyata, F. M. Newcomer, Soo-Bong Kim, Y. Fukuda, Masaki Mori, Weiya Zhang, Teruhiro Suda, and Mitsunori Yamada
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Annihilation, Computer Science::Information Retrieval, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar neutrino, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Center (category theory), Elementary particle, Fermion, Nuclear physics, Massless particle, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, Lepton
Abstract: High-energy neutrinos could be emitted from the center of the Sun as annihilation products of heavy galactic dark-matter particles. We analyze neutrino events observed by the Kamiokande detector to search for such neutrinos. The observed upper limits on solar high-energy neutrinos from these data set limits on the mass and density of certain galactic dark matter. The particles analyzed are heavy Dirac neutrinos ({nu}{sub {ital D}}), heavy Majorana neutrinos ({nu}{sub {ital M}}), Higgsinos ({ital {tilde h}}), neutrinos ({tilde {nu}}) with three flavors, and photinos ({tilde {gamma}}) as the lightest supersymmetric particles. Excluded mass regions are obtained for each dark-matter candidate: 3 GeV{lt}{ital m}{sub {nu}{ital D}}{lt}100 GeV, 3 GeV{lt}{ital m}{sub n{tilde u}}{ital e}{lt}90 GeV, 3 GeV{lt}{ital m}{sub n}{tilde u}{mu}{lt}90 GeV, and 4 GeV{lt}{ital m}{sub n}{tilde u}{tau}{lt}90 GeV. No limits are obtained on the masses of {nu}{sub {ital M}}, {ital {tilde h}}, and {tilde {gamma}} yet.
Published: 1991

29. Measurements of the charge ratio and polarization of 1.2-TeV/c cosmic-ray muons with the Kamiokande II detector

Author: Kasuke Takahashi, Y. Fukuda, Nobuaki Sato, Atsumu Suzuki, Toru Tanimori, K. Kaneyuki, M. Takita, H. Takei, Yasunari Suzuki, R. Van Berg, T. Kajita, Y. Yaginuma, K. Nakamura, Teruhiro Suda, Y. Totsuka, K. S. Hirata, A.K. Mann, Miho Yamada, Masayuki Nakahata, Yoshihiko Nagashima, Kazumasa Miyano, F. M. Newcomer, H. Miyata, Soo-Bong Kim, Yuichi Oyama, W. Frati, Weiya Zhang, T. Tajima, Tadashi Kifune, M. Koshiba, S. Ohara, E. W. Beier, Masaki Mori, E. D. Frank, and K. Kihara
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Cherenkov detector, Charge density, Elementary particle, Cosmic ray, Fermion, Particle detector, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Lepton
Abstract: We measured the charge ratio and the polarization of the high-energy cosmic-ray muons arriving with zenith angles from 0\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} to 90\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} in the large underground water Cherenkov detector, Kamiokande II. The charge ratio [$R(\frac{{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}}{{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}})$] and the polarization (${P}_{0}$) are found to be 1.37\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.06(stat)\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.01(syst) and 0.26\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04(stat)\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05(syst), respectively, at the sea-level momentum of 1.2 TeV/c. This result for the charge ratio is in good agreement with those previously obtained in experiments using magnetic spectrometers at sea level and underground. This is the first measurement of the polarization of the cosmicray muons in the TeV region.
Published: 1991

30. Search for fractionally charged particles in Kamiokande II

Author: Kazumasa Miyano, Atsumu Suzuki, Toru Tanimori, Y. Totsuka, W. Frati, Nobuaki Sato, Takaaki Kajita, K. Kihara, K. S. Hirata, S. Ohara, K. Kaneyuki, T. Suda, Soo-Bong Kim, Y. Yaginuma, H. Takei, R. Van Berg, Yasunari Suzuki, K. Nakamura, E. W. Beier, A.K. Mann, Masaki Mori, Y. Fukuda, M. Koshiba, Yuichi Oyama, T. Tajima, Y. Nagashima, H. Miyata, E. D. Frank, Miho Yamada, Kasuke Takahashi, M. Takita, Masayuki Nakahata, F. M. Newcomer, and W. Zhang
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Analytical chemistry, Elementary particle, Charged particle, Bar (unit), Positive evidence
Abstract: A search has been made for fractionally charged particles with {vert bar}{ital Q}{vert bar}=1/3 and {vert bar}{ital Q}{vert bar}=2/3 which might have passed through the Kamiokande II detector. No positive evidence for such particles is observed in 1009 days of observation. The 90%-C.L. upper limits obtained on the fluxes of fractionally charged particles are 2.1{times}10{sup {minus}15} cm{sup {minus}2} s{sup {minus}1} sr{sup {minus}1} for {vert bar}{ital Q}{vert bar}=1/3 and 2.3{times}10{sup {minus}15} cm{sup {minus}2} s{sup {minus}1} sr{sup {minus}1} for {vert bar}{ital Q}{vert bar}=2/3, improving the existing limits by two orders of magnitude.
Published: 1991

31. Search for day-night and semiannual variations in the solar neutrino flux observed in the Kamiokande-II detector

Author: Atsumu Suzuki, Toru Tanimori, Y. Totsuka, K. Kaneyuki, S. Ohara, Miho Yamada, Weiya Zhang, M. Takita, Masayuki Nakahata, K. Inoue, Kasuke Takahashi, T. Tajima, T. Suda, K. Nakamura, H. Takei, Yuichi Oyama, Yasunari Suzuki, Y. Fukuda, A.K. Mann, F. M. Newcomer, Soo-Bong Kim, E. W. Beier, K. S. Hirata, K. Kihara, Y. Nagashima, M. Koshiba, Nobuaki Sato, Takaaki Kajita, L. R. Feldscher, E. D. Frank, H. Miyata, E. Kodera, Y. Yaginuma, Masaki Mori, K. Nishijima, R. Van Berg, W. Frati, and Kazumasa Miyano
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Massless particle, Physics, Solar neutrino, General Physics and Astronomy, Flux, Elementary particle, Astrophysics, Fermion, Isotopes of boron, Neutrino, Lepton
Abstract: Searches for possible day-night and semiannual variations of the {sup 8}B solar neutrino flux are reported based on 1040 days of Kamiokande-II data. Within statistical error, no such short-time variations were observed. The limit on the day-night difference sets a constraint on neutrino-oscillation parameters. A region defined by sin{sup 2}2{theta}{gt}0.02 and 2{times}10{sup {minus}6}{approx lt}{Delta}{ital m}{sup 2}{approx lt}10{sup {minus}5} eV{sup 2} is excluded at 90% C.L. without any assumption on the absolute value of the expected solar neutrino flux.
Published: 1991

32. Constraints on neutrino-oscillation parameters from the Kamiokande-II solar-neutrino data

Author: Kazumasa Miyano, Atsumu Suzuki, L. R. Feldscher, Toru Tanimori, T. Tajima, Y. Nagashima, Y. Fukuda, A.K. Mann, Y. Totsuka, K. Nakamura, E. Kodera, E. W. Beier, K. S. Hirata, Weiya Zhang, Nobuaki Sato, Masayuki Nakahata, Takaaki Kajita, T. Suda, K. Inoue, Tadashi Kifune, R. Van Berg, Soo-Bong Kim, M. Koshiba, S. Ohara, Masaki Mori, H. Takei, E. D. Frank, Yasunari Suzuki, Y. Yaginuma, K. Takahashi, Yuichi Oyama, W. Frati, F. M. Newcomer, K. Kaneyuki, Miho Yamada, M. Takita, K. Kihara, and H. Miyata
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Massless particle, Physics, Particle physics, Solar neutrino, Isotopes of chlorine, General Physics and Astronomy, Elementary particle, Fermion, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Lepton
Abstract: An analysis of the Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein effect using 1040 days of Kamiokande-II data is reported, which provides constraints on neutrino-oscillation parameters. The measured recoil-electron energy spectrum alone leads to the conclusion that the adiabatic region, 7.2{times}10{sup {minus}4}{lt}sin{sup 2}2{theta}{lt}6.3{times}10{sup {minus}3}, {Delta}{ital m}{sup 2}{similar to}1.3{times}10{sup {minus}4} (eV){sup 2}, is disfavored at the 90% confidence level.
Published: 1990

33. Results from one thousand days of real-time, directional solar-neutrino data

Author: R. Van Berg, Yuichi Oyama, Y. Fukuda, Atsumu Suzuki, M. Koshiba, K. Kihara, Masayuki Nakahata, Kazumasa Miyano, Toru Tanimori, T. Suda, T. Tajima, Miho Yamada, Nobuaki Sato, H. Takei, Yasunari Suzuki, K. Kaneyuki, H. Miyata, Takaaki Kajita, W. Frati, Tadashi Kifune, Y. Yaginuma, F. M. Newcomer, Masaki Mori, Soo-Bong Kim, M. Takita, K. Nakamura, E. W. Beier, Weiya Zhang, K. S. Hirata, Y. Totsuka, K. Takahashi, A.K. Mann, K. Inoue, Y. Nagashima, S. Ohara, L. R. Feldscher, E. Kodera, and E. D. Frank
Subjects: Physics, Standard solar model, Particle physics, Solar neutrino, General Physics and Astronomy, Elementary particle, Isotopes of boron, Nuclear physics, Massless particle, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Production (computer science), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Neutrino, Lepton
Abstract: A data sample of 1040 days from the Kamiokande II detector, consisting of subsamples of 450 days at electron-energy threshold ${\mathit{E}}_{\mathit{e}}$\ensuremath{\ge}9.3 MeV and 590 days at ${\mathit{E}}_{\mathit{e}}$\ensuremath{\ge}7.5 MeV, yields a clear directional correlation of the solar-neutrino-induced electron events with respect to the Sun and a measurement of the differential electron-energy distribution. These provide unequivocal evidence for the production of $^{8}\mathrm{B}$ by fusion in the Sun. The measured flux of $^{8}\mathrm{B}$ solar neutrinos from the two subsamples relative to a prediction of the standard solar model is 0.46\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05(stat)\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.06(syst). The total data sample is tested for short-term time variation; within the statistical error, no significant variation is observed.
Published: 1990

34. The Kamiokande Solar Neutrino Experiment

Author: K. Kaneyuki, Masaki Mori, E. D. Frank, Y. Yaginuma, T. Suda, Atsumu Suzuki, T. Kajita, Toru Tanimori, Y. Totsuka, M. Koshiba, Mitsunori Yamada, W. Frati, Y. Nagashima, K. Nakamura, E. W. Beier, Soo-Bong Kim, K. S. Hirata, Masayuki Nakahata, R. Van Berg, F. M. Newcomer, Nobuaki Sato, H. Miyata, Y. Fukuda, K. Kihara, Kasuke Takahashi, Tadashi Kifune, T. Tajima, S. Ohara, L. R. Feldscher, Kazumasa Miyano, Yuichi Oyama, H. Takei, Yasunari Suzuki, Weiya Zhang, A.K. Mann, and M. Takita
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Standard solar model, Particle physics, Solar neutrino, Detector, Flux, Solar neutrino problem, Neutrino oscillation, Analysis method, Background level
Abstract: The observation of 8B solar Neutrinos in the Kamiokande-II detector is presented. Based on 450 days of data in the time period of January 1987 through May 1988, the measured flux obtained with Ee ≥ 9.3 MeV was 0.46 ± 0.13 (stat) ± 0.08 (sys) of the value predicted by the standard solar model. The detector and analysis methods were improved since June 1988 and the background level has been decreased by a factor of about three since then.
Published: 1990
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35. Search for low-energy neutrinos from galactic gamma-ray sources

Author: T. Hayakawa, Weiya Zhang, Kyoshi Nishijima, Shigeki Tasaka, Y. Fukuda, M. Takita, Toru Tanimori, Y. Oyama, F. M. Newcomer, Y. Takeuchi, R. Van Berg, Kazumasa Miyano, S. B. Kim, Masato Shiozawa, Y. Nagashima, M. Koshiba, K. Kaneyuki, A. Yoshimoto, A.K. Mann, Masayuki Nakahata, T. Hara, Miho Yamada, T. Suda, J. Suzuki, A. Suzuki, K. Nishikawa, K. Nakamura, W. Frati, T. Kajimura, E. W. Beier, Yusuke Koshio, A. Sakai, Y. Totsuka, E. D. Frank, K. Kihara, H. Miyata, H. Takei, Masaki Mori, Yasunari Suzuki, M. Koga, A.T. Suzuki, Takaaki Kajita, N. Kishi, Tsuyoshi Ishida, K. S. Hirata, and Kunio Inoue
Subjects: Physics, Low energy, Space and Planetary Science, Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Neutrino
Published: 1994
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36. Erratum: Real-time, directional measurement ofB8solar neutrinos in the Kamiokande II detector

Author: Kasuke Takahashi, Y. Takeuchi, T. Kajita, K. Nakamura, Y. Totsuka, Masayuki Nakahata, F. M. Newcomer, Weiya Zhang, Yuichi Oyama, S. Ohara, Soo-Bong Kim, K. Nishijima, H. Takei, Yasunari Suzuki, Atsumu Suzuki, Masaki Mori, E. D. Frank, H. Miyata, Toru Tanimori, L. R. Feldscher, A.K. Mann, E. W. Beier, E. Kodera, Teruhiro Suda, Y. Yaginuma, K. Kaneyuki, Yoshihiko Nagashima, R. Van Berg, Y. Fukuda, W. Frati, M. Koshiba, T. Tajima, Kunio Inoue, Miho Yamada, K. S. Hirata, Nobuaki Sato, Tsuyoshi Ishida, Hiroshi Yokoyama, M. Takita, K. Kihara, and Kazumasa Miyano
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Solar neutrino, Detector
Published: 1992
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37. Search for neutrino events in the KAMIOKANDE II detector in correlation with the solar flare activity in 1989 March

Author: M. Takita, T. Kajita, K. Kihara, Kazumasa Miyano, M. Koshiba, Weiya Zhang, E. W. Beier, L. R. Feldscher, F. M. Newcomer, H. Miyata, Yuichi Oyama, Yoshihiko Nagashima, Teruhiro Suda, K. Nakamura, W. Frati, Kasuke Takahashi, Masaki Mori, Atsumu Suzuki, Tadashi Kifune, Toru Tanimori, Masayuki Nakahata, R. Van Berg, Soo-Bong Kim, Y. Totsuka, K. S. Hirata, T. Tajima, Y. Yaginuma, E. D. Frank, Nobuaki Sato, K. Kaneyuki, Y. Fukuda, Miho Yamada, A.K. Mann, S. Ohara, H. Takei, and Yasunari Suzuki
Subjects: Physics, Solar flare, Particle emission, Space and Planetary Science, Solar neutrino, Correlation analysis, Detector, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Neutrino, Solar physics
Published: 1990
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38. 180° production of protons in high-energy p, d, and α reactions in nuclei

Author: H. Brody, K.O.H. Ziock, C. F. Perdrisat, Sherman Frankel, D. Yang, W. Frati, and J.C. Comiso
Subjects: Elastic scattering, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, High energy, Nuclear Theory, Structure function, Tantalum, chemistry.chemical_element, Nuclear physics, chemistry, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Lithium, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Scaling
Abstract: Measurement of the differential cross sections for the 180° production of protons from 6 Li, C, and Ta by protons (600 MeV), duetrons (361 MeV), and α-particles (726 MeV) have been carried out. The results are shown to be in accord with “quasi-two body scaling”. The data follow a structure function distribution G(k)≈ e − k k 0 up to internal nucleon momenta, k = 1.3 GeV/ c . The measurements in 6 Li extend the validity of this functional form up to values of k close to the elastic scattering limit.
Published: 1977
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39. STATUS OF THE SEARCH FOR v?eSIGNALS OF EXTRATERRESTRIAL ORIGIN

Author: Ervin J. Fenyves, W. Frati, K. Lande, J. Supplee, C. K. Lee, and G. Bozoki
Subjects: Physics, Photomultiplier, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Neuroscience, Detector, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Signal, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Particle detector, Positron, History and Philosophy of Science, Neutrino detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract: Two underground detectors placed at widely separated stations are used to simultaneously search for anti ..nu../sub e/ burst signals. Possible signal candidates are correlated by their relative arrival times at the two stations. Detection is indicatd by the interaction anti ..nu../sub e/ + p ..-->.. n + e/sup +/ and the subsequent Cherenkov radiation emitted by the positron in a large detector filled with water. 12 references. (BJG)
Published: 1975
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40. Backward production of protons in nuclear reactions with 400 GeV protons

Author: W. Frati, N. A. Nikiforov, Yu.D. Bayukov, S. Frankel, C. F. Perdrisat, V. I. Tchistilin, Y. M. Zaitsev, G. A. Leksin, M. Gazzaly, and V. I. Efremenko
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Baryon, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Angular distribution, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Elementary particle, Fermion, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon
Abstract: The measurement of invariant cross sections for the production of protons by 400 GeV protons from a variety of nuclear targets is described. Results are given for Li6, Be, C, A1, Cu, and Ta at 70°, 90°, 118°, 137° and 160° for detected protons from 0.4 to 1.4 GeV/c. Some angular distributions are given over a wider selection of angles. Comparisons are made with observed experimental results at other energies. NUCLEAR REACTIONS Inclusive cross section, 400 GeV, Li6, Be, C, A1, Cu, and Ta.
Published: 1979
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41. Bose-Einstein correlations in αα, pp and interactions

Author: L. H. Olsen, A. Markou, H. J. Hilke, David Ja Cockerill, J. van der Lans, R. Batley, R. Møller, Odette Benary, I. Dahl-Jensen, Howard Gordon, M. Sullivan, G. Kesseler, P. Cecil, S. Almehed, W. M. Evans, A. Kalinovsky, T. Killian, P. Frandsen, P. Dam, S. Dagan, W. R. Molzon, M. Winik, K. Kulka, R. H. Schindler, Göran Jarlskog, W. J. Willis, E. Vella, C.W. Fabjan, G. Damgaard, Michael Albrow, Ulrich Goerlach, B. Lörstad, Ulf Mjörnmark, Volker D. Burkert, N. A. McCubbin, H. Brody, Yona Oren, C. L. Woody, J. Lindsay, J. R. Carter, Vincent Hedberg, T. Ludlam, E. Rosso, W. Frati, J. W. Hiddleston, A. Rudge, W. A. Zajc, S. U. Chung, D. Lissauer, Anders Nilsson, P. Jeffreys, W. Cleland, Sherman Frankel, B. W. Heck, Horst Breuker, Borge Svane Nielsen, J.G. Williamson, K. H. Hansen, R. Kroeger, W. Witzeling, M. D. Gibson, Torsten Paul Ake Åkesson, L. Rosselet, A. A. Carter, S. Eidelman, E. Dahl-Jensen, O. Botner, H. Bøggild, J. E. Hooper, and G. Thorstenson
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, chemistry.chemical_element, Bose–Einstein correlations, High multiplicity, Central region, Nuclear physics, Particle type, Pion, chemistry, Rapidity, Multiplicity (chemistry), Helium
Abstract: Bose-Einstein correlations between pions produced in the central region of rapidity in αα, pp and p p interactions have been studied at the ISR. The parameters r and τ c -often interpreted as the radius and depth of the π-emitting region - are found to be independent of incident particle type but to depend on the mean charged multiplicity. In high multiplicity events, the pions appear to originate from a larger space-time region.
Published: 1983
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42. Hadron and hadron-pair production at large transverse momentum in and pp interactions at the ISR

Author: G. Kesseler, Yona Oren, O. Botner, Borge Svane Nielsen, P. W. Jeffreys, W. Witzeling, C.W. Fabjan, A. Hallgren, H. Brody, L. Rosselet, J. v. d. Lans, David Ja Cockerill, W. M. Evans, W. J. Willis, I. Stumer, S. Dagan, Michael Albrow, B. Lörstad, P. Frandsen, R. Møller, E. Rosso, T. W. Ludlam, R. H. Schindler, B. Schistad, Göran Jarlskog, A. Di Ciaccio, K. Kulka, E. Vella, T. P. A. Åkesson, T. Jensen, A. A. Carter, T. Killian, H. Bøggild, I. Dahl-Jensen, W. R. Molzon, A. Rudge, A. Markou, M. Winik, E. Dahl-Jensen, K. H. Hansen, Anders Nilsson, B. W. Heck, Ulf Mjörnmark, L. H. Olsen, Howard Gordon, Ulrich Goerlach, W. Frati, Richard Batley, J. E. Hooper, Odette Benary, N. A. McCubbin, D. Lissauer, Sherman Frankel, J. R. Carter, P. Cecil, C. L. Woody, S. Almehed, G. Damgaard, V. Burkert, and H. J. Hilke
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Particle physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, Elementary particle, Spectral line, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, Pair production, Effective mass (solid-state physics), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We have measured the production of one and two large transverse momentum hadrons in pp and pp interactions in the range 2 < pT < 6 GeV/c for the central rapidity region |y| < 0.9 at s = 63 and 31 GeV. No statistically significant difference between pp and pp collisions is observed. The results are in accordance with lowest order QCS perturbative calculations and rule out a large contribution of Constituent Interchange Model (CIM), di-quark of quark-fusion subprocesses in this kinematic range.
Published: 1983
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43. Search for massive long-lived particles in aluminum targets irradiated by 300- and 400-GeV protons

Author: F. A. Nezrick, S. Frankel, W. Yang, L.K. Resvanis, and W. Frati
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Range (particle radiation), chemistry, Aluminium, chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, Elementary particle, Irradiation, Atomic physics, Radiation, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract: A directional gas Cherenkov counter, which employed six phototubes to sample Cherenkov light from single particles having a gamma greater than ~10 was used to achieve accidental rates of less than one per day if operated near targets with surface radiation levels of as high as 10/sup +3/ r/hr. The cosmic ray background measured by the apparatus was reduced to less than one per day by mounting our directional Cherenkov counter above the irradiated targets and facing toward the earth. Two searches of a few days duration, after bombardments at energies of 300 and 400 GeV with >10/sup 16/ protons at NAL, were made in four inch thick targets of aluminum, mounted just down stream from another aluminum target. No long-lived particles were observed with cross sections for production and capture of approximately less than a micro-micro barn in a lifetime range of a few to a few thousand hours. (auth) from the decay of a long-lived intermediate state. (auth)
Published: 1974
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44. 'Subthreshold' production of antiprotons and kaons inp-nucleus collisions

Author: W. Frati and S. Frankel
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, Proton, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Elementary particle, Threshold energy, Baryon, Nuclear physics, Antiproton, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon
Abstract: We show that the high momentum scaling function for nucleons in nuclei, G(k)=exp(−kk0), determined from the study of the production of protons in p-nucleus collisions in kinematic regions forbidden in free p−p interactions, also accounts for the production of antiprotons in p-nucleus collisions at energies below the free proton threshold. A simple scaling method as well as detailed Monte Carlo calculations are employed and estimates of K production at "subthreshold" energies are given. NUCLEAR STRUCTURE k0 parameter in structure function G(k)=exp(−kk0) evaluated from p+A→p¯+X; verification of QTBS from antiproton production; predictions of K production "below threshold."
Published: 1977
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45. Analyzing Power in Inclusive Proton-Nucleus Cross Sections

Author: M. Gazzaly, W. Frati, Gerald W Hoffmann, Sherman Frankel, R. M. Woloshyn, and O. B. van Dyck
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear reaction, Proton, Hydrogen, Scattering, Nuclear Theory, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Power (physics), Nuclear physics, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, medicine, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleus
Abstract: This paper reports measurements of the analyzing power, A/sub y/, in the production of both ''backward'' protons and forward (quasifree scattering) protons in the reaction p + A ..-->.. p + X, using 800-MeV polarized protons. For the backward protons the measurements show large negative A-dependent values of A/sub y/ at low momenta, changing to large positive values at high momenta; in the quasielastic region, A/sub y/ is large and positive, is smaller than A/sub y/ measured in hydrogen, and decreases with increasing A.
Published: 1978
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46. Further evidence for jet production from the charged particles produced in pp collisions at triggered on large transverse energy

Author: David Ja Cockerill, L. Rosselet, J. E. Hooper, R. Møller, G. Kesseler, W. J. Willis, H. Brody, Michael Albrow, H. J. Hilke, T. W. Ludlam, Howard Gordon, S. Dagan, R. H. Schindler, T. P. A. Åkesson, T. Jensen, Göran Jarlskog, B. Schistad, J. v. d. Lans, W. Witzeling, A. Hallgren, Richard Batley, W. Frati, N. A. McCubbin, A. Di Ciaccio, D. Lissauer, W. M. Evans, I. Stumer, C. L. Woody, E. Dahl-Jensen, K. H. Hansen, P. W. Jeffreys, B. Lörstad, T. Killian, H. Bøggild, Sherman Frankel, P. Frandsen, W. R. Molzon, M. Winik, L. H. Olsen, E. Vella, I. Dahl-Jensen, Ulf Mjörnmark, V. Burkert, S. Almehed, Anders Nilsson, G. Damgaard, E. Rosso, O. Botner, Borge Svane Nielsen, Yona Oren, B. W. Heck, Odette Benary, and C.W. Fabjan
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Jet (fluid), Large Hadron Collider, Spectrometer, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Scattering, Monte Carlo method, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, Momentum, Transverse plane, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The detailed shape of events triggered by a 1.7 sr hadron calorimeter is studied using charged track information in the Axial Field Spectrometer at the CERN ISR. With increasing transverse energy (ET) a large fraction of the events are seen to have a limited transverse momentum relative to the trigger direction. A comparison of the circularity of the events with a prediction of a QCD-motivated Monte Carlo model shows that at high ET the events originate predominantly from two-constituent scattering.
Published: 1982
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47. Backward production of pions and kaons in the interaction of 400 GeV protons with nuclei

Author: V. I. Efremenko, V. I. Tchistilin, N. A. Nikiforov, Yu.D. Bayukov, C. F. Perdrisat, Y. M. Zaitsev, G. A. Leksin, M. Gazzaly, W. Frati, and Sherman Frankel
Subjects: Baryon, Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Antiparticle, Pion, Meson, Hadron, Elementary particle, Production (computer science)
Abstract: Measurements of the invariant cross sections for the reaction $p(400 \mathrm{GeV})+(^{6}\mathrm{Li}, \mathrm{B}\mathrm{e},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{C},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{A}\mathrm{l},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{u},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{a})\ensuremath{\rightarrow}({\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}, {K}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}})+X$ at laboratory angles from 70\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} to 160\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} are reported. Upper limits for $\overline{p}$ production are given. Comparisons of the data are made using several scaling variables.NUCLEAR REACTIONS Inclusive cross section; 400 GeV incident protons; $^{6}\mathrm{Li}$, Be, C, Al, Cu, Ta targets; production of $\ensuremath{\pi}$, $K$, and $\overline{p}$; lab angles 70\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} to 160\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}.
Published: 1980
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48. High-pT direct photon production at 11° in pp collisions at

Author: David Ja Cockerill, C. L. Woody, L. Rosselet, R. Møller, S. Almehed, J. A. Thompson, E. Vella, Ulf Mjörnmark, L. H. Olsen, G. Damgaard, J. E. Hooper, Odette Benary, H. Brody, O. Botner, A. Di Ciaccio, M. Sullivan, E. Rosso, B. Schistad, B. W. Heck, Borge Svane Nielsen, Henry Lubatti, C. W. Fabian, J. v. d. Lans, T. Killian, H. Bøggild, T. P. A. Åkesson, K. H. Hansen, W. R. Molzon, Yona Oren, W. M. Evans, M. Harris, I. Mannelli, M. Winik, I. Stumer, P. Frandsen, S. Dagan, H. J. Hilke, W. J. Willis, R. Kroeger, Michael Albrow, A. Markou, T. W. Ludlam, N. A. McCubbin, P. W. Jeffreys, D. Lissauer, V. Burkert, Sherman Frankel, T. Jensen, F. Meyer, G. Pierazzini, E. Dahl-Jensen, Aniello Nappi, Anders Nilsson, Ulrich Goerlach, I. Dahl-Jensen, Richard Batley, W. Frati, R. H. Schindler, Göran Jarlskog, Howard Gordon, W. E. Cleland, G. Kesseler, W. Witzeling, A. Hallgren, R. Carossi, and B. Lörstad
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Quark, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Range (particle radiation), Photon, Large Hadron Collider, Intersecting Storage Rings, Bremsstrahlung, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The production of direct photons has been measured relative to π 0 's in the rapidity range 2.00 y s = 63 GeV at the CERN Intersecting Storage Rings. The γ/π 0 ratio increases from ⪅2% at p T = 1.5 GeV/ c to ∼8% at p T = 4.25 GeV/ c , similar to the value observed near 90°. The results indicate no strong enhancement of single-photon production due to quark bremsstrahlung in this kinematic region.
Published: 1983
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49. Nuclear stopping power

Author: W. Frati and Sherman Frankel
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Energy loss, Proton, Nuclear Theory, Nuclear matter, Hadronization, Nuclear physics, Excited state, Stopping power (particle radiation), Rapidity, Invariant mass, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Using the present knowledge of p-p data and its representation by the ISAJET minimum-bias-event structure, we calculate the invariant mass and the energy loss of an excited proton traversing nuclear matter and, from this, its rapidity loss, both before and after hadronization. We find the difference between the leading proton rapidity loss in pPb interactions and that in p-p interactions, integrated over all p t , to be 0.29.
Published: 1987
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50. Search for Quark Deconfinement: Strangeness Production inpp,dd,pα, andααCollisions atsNN=31.5 and 44GeV

Author: T. Åkesson, M. G. Albrow, S. Almehed, O. Benary, H. Bøggild, O. Botner, H. Breuker, H. Brody, V. Burkert, B. Callen, A. A. Carter, J. R. Carter, P. Cecil, Y. Choi, W. E. Cleland, P. Dam, S. Dagan, E. Dahl-Jensen, I. Dahl-Jensen, G. Damgaard, W. M. Evans, C. W. Fabjan, P. Frandsen, S. Frankel, W. Frati, H. Gordon, U. Goerlach, K. H. Hansen, V. Hedberg, J. E. Hooper, G. Jarlskog, G. Kessler, T. Killian, R. Kroeger, K. Kulka, J. v. d. Lans, D. Lissauer, B. Lörstad, T. Ludlam, N. A. McCubbin, R. Møller, M. Molzon, B. S. Nielsen, L. H. Olsen, Y. Oren, E. Rosso, A. Rudge, H. Specht, I. Stumer, J. A. Thompson, G. Thorstensen, E. Vella, J. W. Williamson, W. J. Willis, W. Witzeling, C. Woody, and W. A. Zajc
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Quark, Physics, Particle physics, Meson, General Physics and Astronomy, Strangeness production, Production (computer science), Multiplicity (mathematics), Rapidity, Nuclear Experiment, Deconfinement
Abstract: Relative yields of $\ensuremath{\varphi}$ and charged $K$ mesons are measured as functions of charged multiplicity in the central rapidity region for $\mathrm{pp}$, $\mathrm{dd}$, $p\ensuremath{\alpha}$, and $\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{\alpha}$ collisions at $\sqrt{{s}_{\mathrm{NN}}}=3.15 \mathrm{and} 44$ GeV. No anomalous strange-particle production is observed in $\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{\alpha}$ reactions relative to $\mathrm{pp}$ even at large multiplicities corresponding to events comprising less than 3.6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$ of the inclusive cross section.
Published: 1985
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