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The objective of the research was to find out the effect of Curcumma, Zn-proteinate, and Cu-proteinate supplementation on subclinical mastitis status in term of 4% FCM milk production. The research was conducted using 24 heads of lactating dairy cows in Randomized Block Design with six treatments, and four groups of milk production as replication i.e. I= >14 kg/day ; II= 12-13.99 kg/day ; III= 10-11.99 kg/day; IV=

The objective of this study was to examine the size (weight, length, and width) of Maleo egg in Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park.Physical characteristics that measure are : egg weight, egg shell, egg index , yolk, and albumen. Physical characteristics measured were: egg weight, egg shell thickness, egg index, yolk, and albumen. Two fresh eggs were weighed to the electric ohause balance with 400 g the scale 0.01. Two fresh egg were weighed with an electric balance. Length and width off egg were measured by used vernier caliper, egg shell thickness by tripod micrometer, yolk color by yolk color fan. Length and width of egg used were measured by Vernier caliper, and egg shell thickness by a tripod micrometer, yolk color by yolk color fan. Physical characteristic have been identified eggs weight, egg width, egg length, egg index, albumen width, albumen length, albumen index, yolk width, yolk length, yolk index, weight albumen, weight yolk, egg shell thickness, and shell weight increased by 223.70 g, 104.00 mm, 56.68 mm, 56.41, 113.8 mm, 86.72 mm, 6.07%, 85.30 mm, 69.90 mm, 31.54%, 47.51 g, 110.80 g, 0.02 inch, 19.55 g, respectively. The result of analysis indicated that maleo eggs have completed amino acids and fatty acids, that is essensial amino acids, non essensial amino acids, saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids. Physical characteristic egg that comprised of egg weight, egg width, egg length, egg index, albumen width, albumen length, albumen index, yolk width, yolk length, yolk index, albumen weight, yolk weight, egg shell thickness, and shell weight were 223.70 g, 104.00 mm, 56.68 mm, 56.41, 113.8 mm, 86.72 mm, 6,07%, 85.30 mm, 69.90 mm, 31.54%, 47.51 g, 110.80 g, 0:02-inch, 19:55 g, respectively. Maleo egg contained complete amino acids and fatty acids, including essential amino acids, non essential amino acids, saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids. (Animal Production 12(1): 34-38 (2010)Key Words: Maleo bird, maleo egg, physical characteristics, chemical characteristics

An experiment was conducted to study injection of pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) as superovulation agent in gilts to improve thyroid hormone and blood metabolites concentraton. In this experiment, 48 gilts were assigned into four groups of twelve gilts injected with PMSG dan hCG dose levels of 0, 600, 1200 and 1800 IU/gilt. Injections were conducted three days before estrus. During gestation, gilts were placed in colony pigpen. On days 15, 35, and 70 of gestation blood collected to determine triiodothyronine, tetraiodothyronine, tryglicerides, glucose, protein and bood nitrogen urea concentration. The resuts showed that superovulation dose levels of 600 to 1200 IU/gilt increased concentration of thyroid hormone (triiodothyronine and tetraiodothyronine/thyroxin) and blood metabolite (triglycerides, glucose, and protein), but decreased blood urea nitrogen in gestation ages 15, 35, and 70 days. It is concluded that superovulation with dose of 600 to 1200 IU can improve of gilts metabolite hormone and blood metabolites. (Animal Production 11(2): 88-95 (2009)Key Words: gilts, superovulation, metabolite hormone, blood metabolites

Marek’s disease virus (MDV) is one of oncogenic herpesvirus. It causes immunosupresion and cancer in chicken. Several plants produce bioactive compounds which are very useful for treatment of many disease, especially hiperproliveration and virus infection. This study was aimed to find out mechanism of immuno-modulatory capacity in layer commercial chicken administered orally with extract of tea parasite (Scurrula oortiana) in dose of 10 mg/kg BW through drinking water, then the chicken were infected by intraperitoneal oncogenic MDV in dose of 1,0 x103 TCID50. The study used 60 layer commercial day old chicks (DOC) divided into four group treatments. The treatments were group A (administered S. oortiana extract and without MDV infection), B (neither S. oortiana nor MDV infection), C (administered S. oortiana extract and with MDV infection), and D (without administered S. oortiana extract, but with MDV infection). Results showed that MDV oncogenic caused immunosupresion at a day post infection (p.i) and recovery to be normal based on relative weight of bursa Fabricius and thymus at 40 days p.i. The extract of S. oortiana had a capability as an immunomodulator indicated by the increase of relative weight of bursa Fabricius and thymus at day 20 days p.i. (Animal Production 9(2): 172-177 (2007) Key Words: Marek’s disease virus (MDV), Scurrula oortiana, immuno-modulator

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of katuk leave meal on sexual maturity in Japanese quail. Three hundred female Japanese quails, with 4 weeks age, were assigned into a completely randomized design with 4 treatments i.e., R1 (diet with neither katuk leave meal nor cholesterin), R2 (diet without katuk leave meal + 0.10% cholesterin), R3 (diet with 15% katuk leave meal without cholesterin), and R4 (diet with 15% katuk leave meal + 0.10% cholesterin). The parameters measured were estradiol hormone in plasma, and age maturity (five percent henday production). Estradiol hormone was measured with Radioimmunoassay. The data were collected and analyzed by using completely randomized design. The results showed that the addition of 15% katuk leave meal in the diet significantly decreased the estrogen concentration (P

Maternal serum of thirty nine ewes were used to study hematological and antibody responses of chicken injected with antigen protein of specific LDH obtained from sheep with different littersizes (prolific type). The prolific type of ewes was determined base on littersize (LS), which were low ( 1 ≤ LS ≤ 1.5), medium ( 1.5 < LS ≤ 2.0), and high (LS > 2.0). There were ten ewes carrying specific LDH protein. The number of animals of low, medium, and high prolific-type ewes was 3, 5, and 2 heads, respectively. The serum was used to produce antigen and injected to chicken to promote antibody production of anti LDH. The results of research showed that different prolific-type has no significant (P>0.05) effects on hematological and antibody titer of chicken. However, hematological status of chicken injected with specific LDH antigen was significantly (P

Abstract. Superovulation is one of a reproductive technology to improve livestock productivity. The research was conducted to optimize the superovulation technology by combining it with administration of temulawak extract plus during pregnancy. Sixteen ewes were injected prostaglandin hormone at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight intramuscularly twice, with eleven days interval, to synchronize estrous cycle. On the eleventh day, superovulation was induced by injection of pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin hormone at a dose of 200 IU/ewe intramuscularly. The ewes showing the estrous signs were mated naturally. Temulawak extract plus was administered weekly during pregnancy with a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight. Parameters measured in this study were lambs birth weight and preweaning growth. Superovulation increased average litter size. The result showed that, regardless of litter size, superovulation increased lambs birth weight by 15% as compared to controls and temulawak extract plus groups. Superovulation before mating and temulawak extract plus administration during pregnancy improved lambs growth in the first month and the third month postpartum. Superovulation prior to mating increased lambs birth weight and improved lambs growth performance before weaning. Keywords: superovulation, temulawak extract plus, lambs growth performance, ewes Abstrak. Superovulasi merupakan salah satu teknologi reproduksi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas ternak. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengoptimalkan teknologi superovulasi dengan menggabungkan pemberian ekstrak temulawak plus selama kebuntingan. Enam belas domba disuntik hormon prostaglandin dengan dosis 10 mg/kg bobot badan secara intramuskular sebanyak dua kali, dengan selang waktu sebelas hari, untuk menyesuaikan siklus estrus. Pada hari ke sebelas, superovulasi diinduksi dengan injeksi pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin hormon dengan dosis 200 IU/domba secara intramuskuler. Domba yang menunjukkan tanda-tanda estrus kemudian dikawinkan secara alami. Ekstrak temulawak plus diberikan setiap minggu selama kebuntingan dengan dosis 1 mg/kg bobot badan. Parameter yang diukur dalam penelitian ini adalah bobot lahir anak domba dan pertumbuhan prasapih. Superovulasi meningkatkan rata-rata litter size. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, terlepas dari litter size, superovulasi meningkatkan bobot lahir anak domba sebesar 15% dibandingkan dengan kelompok ekstrak temulawak plus. Superovulasi sebelum kawin dan pemberian ekstrak temulawak plus selama kebuntingan meningkatkan pertumbuhan anak domba di bulan pertama dan bulan ketiga paska melahirkan. Superovulasi sebelum perkawinan meningkatan berat lahir anak domba dan meningkatan performa pertumbuhan anak domba sebelum penyapihan. Kata kunci: superovulasi, temulawak ekstrak plus, kinerja pertumbuhan anak domba, domba Andriyanto et al/Animal Production 14(3):167-172, September 2012

Abstract. Previous studies reported that the improvement of endogenous estrogen and progesterone secretions during gestation improved fetal prenatal growth, birth weight, mammary gland growth and development, milk production, litter size, pre- and post-weaning growths. An experiment was conducted to apply the improvement of endogenous secretion of pregnant hormones during pregnancy to increase goat productivity. Thirty-six female ettawah-cross does were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 (control: 18 does) included does without improvement of endogenous secretion of pregnant hormones and Group 2 (treatment: 18 does) included does with improvement of endogenous secretion of pregnant hormones using follicle stimulating hormones to stimulate super ovulation. The application of this technology increased total offspring born (control: 25 offspring; treatment: 42 offspring), average litter size (control: 1.88; treatment: 2.33), offspring birth weight (control: 2.85±0.50 kg; treatment: 3.82±0.40 kg), and does milk production (control: 1.36±0.34 L/does/day; treatment: 2.10±0.21 L/does/day). Offspring born to does with improved endogenous secretion of pregnant hormones had better weaning weight (control: 11.17±1.99 kg/offspring; treatment: 14.5±1.11 kg/offspring). At weaning period, does with improved endogenous secretion of pregnant hormones produced offspring with total weaning weight twice as heavy as control does (control: 189.9 kg; treatment: 403.6 kg). By a simple calculation of economic analysis, this technology application could increase gross revenue per does until weaning by Rp. 432.888,89. It was concluded that this technology is economically feasible to be applied in small-scale farm. Key Words: follicle stimulating hormone, pregnant hormones, endogenous secretion, super ovulation, ettawah-cross does

Bali cattle have a distinct coloration that indicates the sexual dimorphism of adult cattle. However, coat color deviations are found in bulls due to either genetic impurity or inbreeding. Furthermore, information is needed to determine whether there is a relationship between coat color and cattle performance. This study aimed to evaluate the potential association between coat color deviation and the growth traits of male Bali cattle. A total of 99 adult male Bali cattle from Livestock Breeding and Forage Centre (BPTU) Denpasar, Bali, were used in this study to assess the possible association between coat color and growth capacity. Animals were grouped according to color patterns into full black (FBL), faded black (FDB), black sorel (BSR), and sorel (SRL). Periodically, growth traits of body weight (BW), wither height (WH), body length (BL), and chest circumference (CC) were measured at birth, weaning, and 365 and 730 days of age. The repeated measurement Anova analysis was used to evaluate the relation between coat color and growth traits over time. This study showed no correlation for both traits in calves due to the absence of color deviation in age. However, it turned out to be a significantly positive correlation (p

Sixty gilts with average body weight of 107.80 + 5.10 kg were used in an experiment to study the use of PMSG and hCG as superovulation agent to increase piglet production. In this experiment 60 gilts were assigned into a completely randomized design with 4 treatments of superovulation with dose level 0, 600, 1200 and 1800 IU/gilt. Injections were conducted 3 days before estrus. During gestation, gilts were placed in single pigpen, and maintained to term. The parameters were birth weight, preweaning growth and mortality. The results showed that superovulation dose levels of 600 and 1200 IU/gilt increased the piglet birth weight, litter size, preweaning growth and piglet production at 90 days. It is concluded that superovulation with dose levels of 600 to 1200 IU can improve productivity. (Animal Production 8(1): 8-15 (2006) Key Words : Superovulation, gilts, piglet production

Thirty six Etawah-grade does (BW ranged from 20.4 to 44.2 kg and age ranged from 2.5 to 7 years) were used to study the effects of superovulation prior to mating and zinc supplementation on milk yields. The experimental does were assigned into a randomized block design with a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. The first factor was PMSG (pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin) injection with 2 levels (0 IU/kg BW [nonsuperovulation–NSO] and 15 IU/kg BW [Superovulation–SO]). The second factor was zinc concentration in the diet with 3 levels (40 mg/kg DM [Z-40], 60 mg/kg DM [Z-60], and 80 mg/kg DM [Z-80]). Intravaginal sponge (60 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate) was applied for 14 days to synchronize estrus cycle. Twenty four hours prior to sponge removal, PMSG was injected to stimulate superovulation. After sponge removal, 5 experimental does were mixed with 1 buck for natural mating. During pregnancy the experimental does were fed and raised in individual stables. Udder volume was measured every other week from weeks 12 to 21 of pregnancy. During lactation (one week to 5 months post partum) kids were separated from the does, and milk was harvested by hand milking. Milk samples were taken every other week for determination of milk quality. The results indicated that superovulation increased udder differential growth by 80% (822.85 vs 1481.25 cm3/head), milk yield by 32% (567.14 vs 746.52 g/head/day). Zinc concentration increased udder differential growth and milk yield. Milk productions for does receiving 40, 60 and 80 mg/kg DM were 565.68, 737.88 and 666.92 g/day, respectively.It was concluded that superovulation and zinc supplementation increased milk yield in Etawah Grade does. (Animal Production 6(2): 86-94 (2004) Key Words: Superovulation, Zinc, Milk Yield, Etawah-Grade

Injection of female mammalian animals with gonadotropin prior to mating using superovulation dose increases estradiol 17beta (E2) synthesis and secretion and improves the growth and development of the uterus to support prenatal growth with the side effect of increasing litter size. This experiment was designed to study the effects of low doses of PMSG injection in heifers on the growth of granulose cells (GC) of pre-ovulatory follicles, E2 synthesis, and uterine glands growth and development. Nine Ongole-grade heifers were divided into three groups of doses of PMSG injection, i.e., 0 IU/kg BW, 0.5 IU/kg BW, and 1.0 IU/kg BW. The injection of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) was conducted at the early stage of the second follicle wave. Blood samples were collected at estrus (day 0) to measure plasma E2 concentrations. The ovary and uterus were collected for histological observation after slaughtering the animal. The results showed that non-superovulation doses of PMSG injections at the second follicle wave significantly increased the growth of GC that eventually produced a significantly higher plasma E2 concentration by 39.47% and 113.57%, in heifers receiving 0.5 IU/kg BW and 1.0 IU/kg BW (p

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of mineral soap, organic mineral and roasted soybean supplementations to improve productivity in ruminant animals. Thirty two Garut Sheep (initial body weight 22.38 ± 3.56 kg) were assigned into a randomized block design with eight treatments. Body weight was used as a block (4 blocks). Eight rations evaluated in this trial were FO: basal diet + fish oil, CO: basal diet + corn oil, CaFO: basal diet + calcium soap of fish oil, CaCO: basal diet + calcium soap of corn oil, ZnFO: basal diet + zinc soap of fish oil, ZnCO: basal diet + zinc soap of corn oil, RS: basal diet + roasted soybeans, MM: basal diet + mineral mix. The experimental diets were fed for 8 weeks. The result of the experiment showed that calcium soap improved animal growth better than did zinc soap. Daily gains of sheep fed FO (99 g/d), CaFO (114 g/d), CaCO (103 g/d), RS (105 g/d), and MM (103 g/d), diets were higher (P

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Copyright of Indonesian Journal of Animal & Veterinary Sciences / Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner is the property of Indonesian Center for Animal Science Research & Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Indonesian Journal of Animal & Veterinary Sciences / Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner is the property of Indonesian Center for Animal Science Research & Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Indonesian Journal of Animal & Veterinary Sciences / Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner is the property of Indonesian Center for Animal Science Research & Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Infrared thermography (IRT) is an alternative solution that can be applied to replace invasive methods currently used in the monitoring of goats' physiological and hematological parameters. This study was done to compare and correlate the physiological and hematological conditions of young Sapera dairy goats and their correlations with results obtained by IRT. Four young Sapera dairy goats (weight of 26-28 kg) were kept in the individual rearing cage. Skin surface temperature (TS), rectal temperature (TR), body temperature (TB), heartbeat (HR), respiration rate (RR), and IRT at eyes, mouth, nose, legs, left body, right body, vagina, and vulva were monitored from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. in 2 h intervals. Blood samplings were done at the beginning and the end of the obsevation time. Results showed that IRTs at several body parts were positively correlated with physiological parameters, except for heartbeat. Negatively correlation was observed in hematological parameters. The highest correlation (r = +0.85) was observed in the correlation between the results of the left rear leg IRT on TB. It was concluded that IRT can be applied to examine goats' physiological conditions especially body temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heat shock protein plays an essential role in thermoregulatory during heat stress responses. This study aims to determine the association of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) -69T>G in the promoter region of the heat shock protein 70 member 1A (HSPA1A) gene on heat tolerance in Bali cattle. One hundred and sixteen heads of Bali cattle were collected from different locations such as Pangyangan, Bali Island; Serading, Sumbawa Island; and Sembalun, Lombok Island. The SNP was analyzed by genotyping using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), which used BstUI enzyme restriction. Physiological responses including respiration rate (Rr), rectal temperature (Tr), heart rate (Hr), heat tolerance coefficient (HTC), and blood glucose level (Glu) were measured. Association analysis was conducted using a general linear model by setting genotype, altitude, and sex as factors. The SNP -69T>G variant of HSPA1A gene found in this study were wild type (TT) with 144 bp & 498 bp; GG with 144, 236, & 262 bp; and TG with 144, 236, 262, & 498 bp. Bali cattle with the GG genotype had lower (pG HSPA1A was associated with the physiological performances of Bali cattle. SNP -69T>G of HSPA1A could be utilized for candidate marker-assisted selection of Bali cattle to improve the performance of heat tolerance.

The study was conducted to evaluate the duration of road transportation during 4, 8 and 12 hours on body weight loss, hematological and biochemical responses of sheep. Twenty-four male Javanese thin tailed sheep were separated into transported group (T4, T8 and T12) and non-transported group (NT4, NT8 and NT12). Transportation (T) groups were transported for 4, 8 and 12 h in the same open pick up with 0.28 m2/head of loading density. Body weight, haematological and biochemical blood profiles were determined. The results showed that increasing of transportation duration significantly increased (P

The study examined the effectiveness of ethyl-acetate fraction of Pelawan extract on the activities of superoxide dismutases in physiological repairing of uterus in postpartum rat based on SOD activity, MDA concentration, and Cu, Zn SOD expressions. The experiment was arranged with a factorial, completely randomized design. Seventy-two female rats were divided into 4 groups, namely, control 1 (P01= 9), control 2 (P02= 9), giving birth once (P1= 27), and giving birth twice (P2= 27). The experimental rats were given treatments orally with 4 doses, namely 0 mg/kg BW, 50 mg/kg BW, 100 mg/kg BW, and 150 mg/kg BW. Observation data were taken on days 0, 3, and 5 after parturition. Variables measured were SOD activity, MDA levels, and the number of cells in the uterine tissue expressing Cu, Zn SOD. The results of studies on the condition of P01, P02, P1, and P2 showed significant changes in Cu, Zn SOD expressions. The low of SOD and MDA activities were found at doses of 100 mg and 150 mg. The high number of cells expressing Cu, Zn SOD in the epithelium cells and gland cells were found at a dose of 100 mg. Antioxidant plant extracts and their dosages determine the activities of SOD, MDA, and Cu, Zn SOD expressions in the uterus that will affect the process of repairing and involution of uterine tissue. Allegedly, the bioactive compounds extracted at certain doses effectively affect the physiological repair of cells in the uterine tissue of postpartum mothers.

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of curcumin supplementation inexpose monochromatic light on serum lipid concentrations of sexually mature female magelang duck. One hundred and ninety two female magelang ducks were assigned into a completely randomized design with a 4×4 factorial arrangement and each experimental unit was repeated 3 times, each with 4 female magelang ducks. The first factor was dose of curcumin supplementation consisted of 4 levels i.e., 0, 9, 18, and 36 mg/duck/day. The second factor was the color of monochromatic light consisted of 4 levels i.e., white, red, green, and blue colors. The data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA. The result showed that serum concentrations of triglyceride, cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were lower (P

The liver of female poultry has a vital role as an organ for biosynthesis of the yolk precursor and has a greater chance of experiencing cellular damages. This experiment was designed to study the uses of curcumin and monochromatic light in suppressing liver destruction during the period of yolk biosynthesis in Magelang ducks. One hundred and ninety two female Magelang ducks were assigned into a completely randomized design with a 4x4 factorial arrangement. The first factor was dose of curcumin supplementation consisted of 4 levels i.e., 0, 9, 18, and 36 mg. The second factor was the color of monochromatic light consisted of 4 levels i.e., white, red, green, and blue. The results showed that hydropic and fat degenerations in the livers of Magelang ducks entering laying phase were still in a normal range. There was an interaction effect between curcumin and monochromatic light on the serum SGPT/GOT and liver MDA concentrations (P

This experiment was conducted to determine the role of turmeric powder in lipid metabolism andits influence on the quality of the first quail’s egg. Sixty female quails were assigned into a completelyrandomized design with four treatments (levels of turmeric powder i.e., 0; 13.5; 27; and 54mg/quail/day) and each treatment used 15 quails. The treatment was conducted for 60 days. Parametersmeasured were proximate analysis and the quality of the first layed eggs. At the end of the experiment,serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, abdominal and pectoral fat weights, and feedconsumption were measured. Chemical analysis showed that turmeric powder contained 7.97%curcumin. Supplementation of turmeric powder lowered serum cholesterol and triglycerideconcentrations, egg fat and protein contents, haugh unit and yolk index, but did not affect feed intake,abdominal and pectoral fat weights, egg weight, eggshell weight, eggshell thickness, and egg shellindex. However, quails supplemented with turmeric powder showed a variation in egg laying delayranging from 1 to 16 days. Quails supplemented with 54 mg/d turmeric powder had the highest follicleshierarchy. It was concluded that supplementation of turmeric powder with the level of 54 mg/quail/daydecreased lipid content of the egg and improved the other egg quality parameters.

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan di Jakarta dan Bogor dari bulan Januari hingga Pebruari 2012.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan suhu kritis (suhu dan kelembaban udara) pada sapi dara peranakan Fries Holland berdasarkan indikator respon fisiologis.Pakan diberikan dua kali setiap hari dengan rumput dan konsentrat.Enam ekor sapi dara yang digunakan dalam penelitiannya.Parameter respon fisiologis yang diamati meliputi suhu kulit, suhu rektal, dan suhu tubuh selama 14 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan suhu kritis pada sapi dara yang dihitung dengan program Artificial Neural Network (ANN) di dareah Jakarta dan Bogor. Berdasarkan indikator respon fisiologis untuk menentukan suhu kritis dengan program ANN yang paling sensitif melalui suhu rektal dan suhu kulit baik di Jakarta maupun Bogor Kata kunci: suhu kritis, sapi dara, indikator respon fisiologis

Cholesterol is known to play an important role in nutrition of crustacean and function as a precursor for steroids synthesis, while neurohormone of serotonin could induce ovarian maturation in crustacean. Ovarian development of adult females Scylla serrata was induced by adding cholesterol in the diet and serotonin injection. This research was designed to study the effectiveness of cholesterol supplementation and serotonin injection in ovarian development. Broodstocks were stocked in nine experimental units in three fiber tanks. The fiber tank was equipped with sands substrate and flow through seawater system. The experimental crabs were assigned into a completely randomized design with a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement. The first factor was cholesterol supplementation in the diet with 3 levels (0, 0,5 and 1,0%). The second factor was serotonin injection with 3 levels (0, 5 and 10 μg/g BW). Samples of broodstock were taken every four days to evaluate the stages of ovarian maturity and parameters were used to evaluate the ovarian maturation stage are gonad index (GI) and oocyte diameter, concentration of estradiol 17β, yolk protein concentrations, and fecundity. Results showed that female crabs supplemented with 0,5% cholesterol and a combination of cholesterol 0,5% supplementation and injection serotonin with a dose of 10 μg/g BW had better reproduction development. It is concluded that ovarian development of Scylla serrata could be improved by cholesterol supplementation and serotonin injection. Key words: Cholesterol, serotonin, ovarian development, Scylla serrata ABSTRAK Kolesterol diketahui merupakan nutrien spesifik yang berperan dalam sisntesis hormon steroid dan mengontrol reproduksi, sementara serotonin merupakan salah satu neurohormon yang dilaporkan dapat merangsang pematangan ovari dan pemijahan pada krustase. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat pemberian kolesterol yang optimal dalam pakan buatan, serta dosis penyuntikan serotonin yang efektif untuk mempercepat proses perkembangan dan pematangan ovarium induk kepiting bakau Scylla serrata. Pemeliharaan induk dilakukan dengan menggunakan tiga buah bak fiber. Bak pemeliharaan dilengkapi dengan substrat pasir dan sistim air laut mengalir. Eksperimen menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial, dengan 9 satuan percobaan. Faktor pertama, suplemen kolesterol didalam pakan dengan 3 tingkat dosis (0; 0,5; dan 1%) dan faktor kedua, injeksi serotonin dengan 3 tingkat dosis (0, 5, dan 10 μg/g bobot tubuh). Pengamatan terhadap tingkat kematangan ovari dilakukan setiap 4 hari sekali. Paramater pengambilan sampel meliputi tingkat kematangan ovari, indeks gonad dan diameter oosit, konsentrasi estradiol 17β, konsentrasi protein yolk, dan fekunditas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa induk kepiting yang disuplementasi dengan dosis kolesterol 0,5% dan induk kepiting yang mendapat perlakuan kombinasi, suplementasi kolesterol 0,5% dan injeksi serotonin dosis 10 μg/g bobot tubuh dapat menghasilkan perkembangan ovari yang terbaik. Jadi kolesterol dan serotonin dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan perkembangan ovari. Kata-kata kunci: Kolesterol, serotonin, perkembangan ovari, Scylla serrata

The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of dietary vitamin E and n-3 fatty acids on the gonad maturation, egg and larva quality of Nile tilapia. Fish were treated by various combinations of dietary dosage of vitamin E (50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg feed) and fish oil (10, 20, 30, and 40 g/kg feed). Three hundreds and twenty pairs of broodstock fish (female at stage of maturity II) were selected and used for this experiment. Fish were fed on the experimental diets three times a day at satiation. The tested of parameters such as gonad somatic index, egg diameter, fecundity, number of spawned fish, hatching rate, and survival rate. Results of the experiment indicated that supplementation of vitamin E and fish oil stimulated gonad development and increased fecundity, hatching rate and survival rate of Nile tilapia larva. Combination of vitamin E 150 mg/kg feed and fish oil 30 g/kg feed significantly improved egg and larva quality of Nile tilapia. Thus, combination of vitamin E in 150 mg/kg diet with fish oil in dose 30 g/kg diet give the best reproduction performance. Keywords: Nile tilapia, fish oil, vitamin E, reproduction performance ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan kadar kombinasi vitamin E dan asam lemak esensial n-3 untuk pematangan gonad, kualitas telur dan larva ikan nila. Adapun dosis dari masing-masing perlakuan terdiri dari 4 taraf. Untuk vitamin E yaitu: 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg, dan 200 mg/kg pakan sedangkan minyak ikan yaitu: 10 g/kg, 20 g/kg, 30 g/kg dan 40 g/kg pakan. Ikan uji yang digunakan sebanyak 320 ekor induk betina dan 320 ekor induk jantan dan diseleksi. Setiap hari ikan diberi pakan uji 2 kali sehari (pagi dan sore) secara at satiation. Selama periode pemeliharaan parameter yang diamati meliputi: indeks gonad somatik, diameter telur, fekunditas, jumlah induk yang memijah, derajat tetas telur, dan ketahanan hidup larva. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pakan dengan kombinasi dosis vitamin E 150 mg/kg dan minyak ikan 30 g/kg memberi respons terhadap perkembangan gonad, fekunditas, derajat tetas telur dan ketahanan hidup larva ikan nila. Kombinasi vitamin E 150 mg/kg dan minyak ikan 30 g/kg pakan memberi pengaruh signifikan dalam meningkatkan kualitas telur dan larva ikan nila. Dengan demikian, kombinasi vitamin E 150 mg/kg dan minyak ikan 30 g/kg pakan adalah memberi hasil terbaik pada performa reproduksi. Kata kunci: ikan nila, minyak ikan, vitamin E, performa reproduksi

Abstrak dalam bentuk hard copy

Abstract dalam bentuk hard copy

Abstract dalam bentuk hard copy

The article reports data on the chemical and pharmacological characteristics of Moringa oleifera simplicia and ethanol extract consisting of water content, acid-insoluble ash content, microbial contamination, heavy metal contamination, phytochemical analysis, TLC analysis, chemical profiling using LC-MS/MS, and the antioxidant activity. The M. oleifera leaves simplicia meet quality standards, except for ash content that exceeds the specified standards. Qualitative phytochemistry indicates that the ethanol extract of M. oleifera leaves contains flavonoids, tannins, and steroids. In total of 39 phytoconstituents were tentatively identified; the top 10 active compounds with the highest relative abundance percentage (%) are 4-undecylbenzenesulfonic acid (4,83), apigetrin (3,34), quercetin-3β-D-glucoside (3,28), D-(-)-quinic acid (1,69), corchorifatty acid F (1,52), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (1,47), isopropylmalic acid (1,17), 13( S )-HOTrE (1,08), astragalin (0,99), and D-(+)-phenyllactic acid (0,70). The ethanol extract of M. oleifera leaves contained a total phenolic content 7728,02 mg/kg, total flavonoids as quercetin content 1,19%, and antioxidant activity IC 50 1422,45 mg/kg., (© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Introduction: Curcuma longa is a well-known medicinal plant with various health benefits. This study was designed to evaluate the administration of Indonesian C. longa maceration for its effect on promoting growth and development of the ovary and uterus before mating in female albino rats., Material and Methods: A total of 15 female Sprague Dawley rats in their dioestrous phase were assigned into three different groups: the Control group (mineral water); the Cur-Low group (mineral water with 1% C. longa maceration) and the Cur-High group (mineral water with 5% C. longa maceration). The treatments were given for 20 days. Serum concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone, oestradiol and progesterone were determined. After the sacrifice of the rats, ovary and uterine relative weight, uterine cornua diameter and length, uterine gland diameter (by histology), the number of primary, secondary, tertiary, and Graafian follicles, the number of corpora lutea and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in the ovary were measured. Uterine vascularisation was also evaluated., Results: Administration of C. longa maceration significantly improved the relative weights of the uterus and ovary; uterine cornua diameter, length and vascularisation; uterine gland diameter; and expression of VEGF in the ovary. It also increased the number of tertiary follicles and corpora lutea, albeit not significantly. Follicle-stimulating hormone serum concentrations were lower in the administered rats., Conclusion: Oestradiol and progesterone levels rose with C. longa maceration treatment. The maceration improved the reproductive organs of unmated rats and had potential to optimise the uterine environment for supporting pregnancy in order to produce high-quality offspring., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interests Statement: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this article., (© 2024 Andriyanto Andriyanto et al., published by Sciendo.)

Background and Aim: Global warming challenges cattle productivity and welfare since it affects heat stress and scarce feed. The heat-shock protein 70 ( HSP70 ) gene is essential in cytoprotection against stressors, protecting cells from dysregulated gene expression and apoptosis. This study aimed to identify significant genetic markers of the HSP70.1 gene that can be leveraged genetically to enhance thermotolerance and production in Bali cattle further., Materials and Methods: Animals were sampled from three different rearing systems. In this study, 83 healthy adult male Bali cattle without abnormalities were utilized. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) diversity associated with the physiological and physical traits of Bali cattle was assessed using SNPStat online software. Gene expression for putative SNPs and their genotypic groups was further evaluated., Results: There were 15 polymorphic SNPs (c.-185G>A, c.-69T>G, c.10G>C, c.19A>G, c.45C>T, c.101INS, c.115T>C, c.130T>C, c.136G>T, c.159G>C, c.164G>T, c.234G>A, c.303G>A, c.333C>A, and c.456C>T) identified, of which 12 were associated with the assessed trait. Nine SNPs were associated with physiological traits, while eight were with physical traits. The c.136G>T as a novel, high minor allele frequency, and associative SNP was selected for HSP70 gene expression. Individuals with the TT genotype have a trim physique, susceptible physiology, and high HSP70 mRNA expression. On the other hand, the GG genotype was significantly associated with larger physique, lower physiology, and low HSP70 mRNA expression. The higher expression may indicate that HSP70.1 is involved in mitigating the deleterious effects of stress. As a result, the animal experienced negative energy balance, decreasing body size., Conclusion: Single-nucleotide polymorphism c.136G>T is a candidate biomarker for heat resistance traits in Bali cattle., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright: © Suhendro, et al.)