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This research aimed to determine students' opinions on technology-supported drama activities applied in teaching the subject of the central nervous system in the biology course. The research used a case study design, a qualitative research method. The study was conducted with 25 students studying biology at a state university. An appropriate sampling method was used to determine the study group. Within the scope of the research, a semi-structured interview form was used to determine students' opinions about technology-supported drama method applications. This form allowed students to express their experiences in depth. The research results indicated that the students had a generally positive perspective on the technology-supported drama method used in the biology course. Since technology-supported creative drama activities provide students with a learning environment that they enjoy, this method can be recommended to increase students' interest in lessons and ensure permanent learning of content.

Abstract Background We aimed to compare results of clinical presentation of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), and the surgical approach during partial or complete lock-down periods (LP), and non-COVID periods in a tertiary ophthalmology clinic. Methods The medical data of the patients who were diagnosed with RRD in a tertiary hospital. The demographic data of patients, the duration from the beginning of the visual symptoms to hospital admission, the status of lens, the anatomical quadrant of retinal break, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at presentation, the type of intraocular tamponade, and final BCVA were recorded. The exclusion criteria were RD other than rhegmatogenous (tractional or exudative), and incomplete follow-up until 2nd-year. Results The study included 20 eyes of 20 RRD cases in partial LP, 20 eyes of 20 RRD cases in complete LP, and 23 eyes of 23 RRD cases in non-COVID period. The ratio of perfluoropropane (C3F8) gas to silicone oil which was applied as intraocular tamponade at the end of the surgery for RRD was 15/8 in non-COVID period, 11/9 in partial LP, and 11/9 in complete LP (p = 0.730). In final visit at postoperative 2nd-year, the BCVA was logMAR 0.613 ± 0.425 in non-COVID period, logMAR 0.668 ± 0.348 in partial LP, and logMAR 0.730 ± 0.368 in complete LP (p = 0.612). In both inferior and superior quadrant RD, there was significant difference between baseline and final BCVA after surgery. (Baseline and final BCVA in inferior RD: logMAR 1.71 ± 0.40, and logMAR 0.950 ± 0.30 (p = 0.011) and, in superior RD: logMAR 1.35 ± 0.59, and logMAR 0.505 ± 0.321 (p = 0.0001), respectively.) Conclusions As a result, it seems that both partial and complete LP did not modify the typology of RRD surgeries. Trial registration Retrospectively registered. The study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, and it was approved by the local ethical committee (2023-088).

This study has been conducted to analyse the mediating role of jealousy in the relationship between social interest and partner violence in romantic relationships. The research group consisted of 402 emerging adults who were reached by convenient sampling method, who had a romantic relationship and who were students of a state university in Turkey. The data were collected with "Multi-dimensional Jealousy Scale, Intimate Partner Violence Attitude Scale- Revised form and Adlerian Social Interest Scale- Romantic Relationship Form. Mediation analysis showed that jealousy had a mediating role in the relationship between social interest and partner violence. Positive correlation was found between jealousy and partner violence, while social interest and jealousy and partner violence were found to be negatively correlated. As a result of Multivariate Hotelling T2, the main effect of gender on social interest, partner violence and jealousy in romantic relationships scores were found to be significant. Men were found to have significantly higher jealousy and partner violence levels and lower social interest levels than women.

It is said that working on forgiveness in psychological counseling will significantly benefit the individual, taking into account the good consequences of forgiving on the individual. This study aimed to develop a measurement tool for determining self-efficacy to work on forgiveness in counseling (SSWOFIC). The most commonly regarded forgiveness process model, Enright's Forgiveness Process Model, served as the foundation for the creation of this measurement tool. 285 counselors provided information for the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and 258 counselors provided information for the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). For the content validity of the scale, eight specialists were contacted. EFA revealed a single factor structure with 41 items that accounted for 61.7% of the overall variation. It was found that all of the SSWOFIC's items were discriminative and had a high level of factor loading value in the pertinent factor. To ascertain if the structure identified by EFA was confirmed or not, CFA was carried out. The one-factor structure was confirmed, as evidenced by the resulting model's fit indices. The computed Cronbach's Alpha and McDonald's Omega reliability coefficients were 0.99, and the Split-Half method's results for the Guttman and Spearman-Brown coefficients were 0.96. The SSWOFIC results demonstrated the validity and reliability of the scale, which consists of a single component and 41 items. The established scale will make it possible to conduct studies to ascertain the level of self-efficacy of psychological counselors with regard to this matter and to examine this feature in terms of other variables.

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) based anger management psychoeducation program on the anger management skills of high school students. While the independent variable of the study is the anger management psychoeducation program based on CBT, the dependent variable is the trait anger level, anger inside, anger outside, and anger control scores determined by the Trait Anger-Anger Expression Style Scale of the adolescents. The sample of the study consists of 10th and 11th grade volunteer students studying at Ahlat Selçuklu Anatolian High School. In this study, which consists of experimental and control groups an experimental design was used; pre-test, post-test, and follow-up tests were applied. Among the volunteer students, 10 participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group and 10 participants to the control group. While the program developed by the researcher was applied to the experimental group for seven weeks, no application was made to the control group. While collecting the data of the study, the "Trait Anger-Anger Style Scale" was used. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the pretest and posttest scores of the experimental and control groups, and Wilcoxon Singed to compare the pretest and posttest, the posttest and follow-up test of the experimental group, and the pretest and posttest of the control group, and the posttest and follow-up test. Ranks test was used. Analysis of the research was carried out using the IBM SPSS 22.0 package program. As a result of the study, it was observed that there was a significant difference in the levels of trait anger, anger inside, anger outside, anger control levels of the participants in the experimental group, which are sub-dimensions of STAS. In the control group, there was no significant difference in any of the sub-dimensions. It can be said that the developed program has a positive effect. The findings were examined within the scope of the literature and it is thought that it will contribute to the literature by presenting practical suggestions in the study.

The impact of Candida sp. in the development of oral cancer remains uncertain and requires sensitive analytical approaches for clarification. Given the invasive capabilities of these microorganisms in penetrating and invading host tissues through hyphal invasion, this study sought to detect the presence of five Candida sp. in oral biopsy tissue samples from non-smoker patients. Samples were obtained from patients at varying stages of oral carcinogenesis, including dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, OSCC, and histologically benign lesions, and analyzed using Real-Time PCR. Oral tissue samples from 80 patients (46 males and 34 females) were included. Significantly higher C. albicans presence was detected in the mild/moderate dysplasia group compared to the healthy (p = 0.001), carcinoma in situ (p = 0.031) and OSCC groups (p = 0.000). Similarly, C. tropicalis carriage was higher in tissues with mild/moderate dysplasia compared to healthy (p = 0.004) and carcinoma in situ (p = 0.019). Our results showed a significant increase in the presence of C. albicans and C. tropicalis within the mild/moderate dysplasia group compared to other cohorts. Coexistence of these two microorganisms was observed, suggesting a potential transition from a commensal state to an opportunistic pathogen, which could be particularly linked to the onset of oral neoplasia.

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of immunonutritional markers, specifically the hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score and the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), in predicting late-onset fetal growth restriction (LO-FGR) during the first trimester. Materials and methods This retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care center between October 2022 and August 2023. The study included a total of 213 singleton pregnancies, with 99 women in the LO-FGR group and 114 in the healthy control group, matched by maternal age and gestational age at delivery. All blood samples were collected between 11 and 14 weeks of gestation (during the first-trimester screening test). We analyzed first-trimester laboratory parameters, specifically focusing on hemoglobin levels, white blood cells (WBCs), lymphocytes, platelets, and albumin levels. Afterwards, we calculated the HALP score and PNI, and then compared the values of both groups. Results Both HALP score (3.58 ± 1.31 vs. 4.19 ± 1.8, p = 0.012) and PNI (36.75 ± 2.9 vs. 39.37 ± 3.96, p

Aim: Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a common inhalation poisoning in emergency department (ED) admissions. In this study, we aimed to determine the negligible biochemical and electrocardiogram (ECG) pathological findings of this group of patients with CO poisoning and asymptomatic clinical cases with a CO level below 15% at first admission who are frequently discharged from the ED. Materials and Methods: A total of 68 patients who were exposed to CO poisoning who did not have any clinical complaints or symptoms at the first examination and whose carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) level was between 5% and 15% were included in the study. The group with a COHb level of 5-10% was considered to have a very low level, whereas the group with a COHb level of 10-15% was considered to have a low level. Among the laboratory findings at the time of admission, the COHb level measured at the time of admission to the ED, troponin a cardiac marker, potential of hydrogen and lactate measurements, and white blood cell (WBC) and neutrophil levels were recorded. ECG data were recorded. Results: With regard to COHb levels of low-dose and very low-dose CO poisoning, ECG parameters showed a significant difference, but not in heart rate (p=0.001) between the groups. Regression analysis was performed between ECG heart rate and COHb level, and the linear regression equation was found to be y=2.38x+58.32 (r2=0.68). Conclusion: It should be kept in mind that patients may sometimes present with low COHb levels at ED presentation. If patients have available ECGs, they should definitely be compared with their previous ECGs, and blood parameters, especially lactate, troponin, WBC, and neutrophil levels, should be evaluated. It should not be forgotten that tissue and organ damage can occur with low-dose poisoning.

The purpose of this study is to examine the link among social justice leadership, school climate, cultural capital and academic aspiration in Turkish high schools. The study also aims at analysing the contextual influence of gender and family income on academic aspiration. The participants of the study include a total of 22.802 students from 210 schools located in twelve different regions of Turkey. The findings of the study reveal that social justice leadership, school climate and cultural capital predict academic aspiration at a statistically significant level. The results also suggest that the interaction between cultural capital and gender has a significant impact on academic aspiration, while the interaction between school climate and family income has a significant impact on academic aspiration. Based on the results, the researchers present some suggestions for further studies.

Background and Aims: This study examined the link between perceived family burden among parents of children with moderate and severe disabilities and their psychological health, and the potential moderating roles of resilience and social support. Methods: 256 parents completed an online questionnaire including Demographic Information Form, Family Burden Assessment Scale, General Health Questionnaire, Brief Resilience Scale, and Revised Parental Social Support Scale. Results: Results revealed negative associations between resilience, social support, and depression-anxiety symptoms. Both resilience and social support played moderating roles in the association between family burden and psychological health. Social support buffered the negative association between family burden and psychological health, alongside psychological resilience. Discussion and Conclusion: The study highlights the negative effects of family burden on the psychological health of parents of children with disabilities, but also suggests that resilience and social support can mitigate these effects. Therefore, interventions should consider these factors to enhance the psychological well-being of parents.

Gaming is a natural process for the child, and with the play therapy technique used in this process, opportunities are offered to the child to express their problems and emotions by playing. Play therapy is used in many studies with children. The number of studies conducted on the effectiveness of play therapy in Turkey is increasing with each passing day. In this study, experimental graduate studies related to the play therapy education program from the past to the present (1987-2020) were examined and the results were brought together. A total number of 38 master's and 8 doctoral studies were reached in the YÖK (Council of Higher Education) thesis center related to the subject, but only 7 studies in accordance with the inclusion criteria were analyzed with meta-analysis method. While examining the postgraduate studies, care was taken toward the existence of an experimental and control group in which play therapy was applied. The studies in which play therapy was applied to the experimental group but not the control group were included in this study. In order to calculate the effect sizes, average (X), standard deviation (SS) and sample size (N) values from master's theses were processed in the Excel program. Later, CMA (Comprehensive Meta Analysis) statistical program was used for the analysis required for the study, "Hedges's g" was used to calculate the effect size and the Excel program was used for the collection-processing of the data. As a result of the research, it was found that the effect size of play therapy on children's behaviors has an excellent effect size. It was concluded that 5 of the studies included in the study were excellently effective, 1 was moderately effective, and 1 was broadly effective. These limited studies provide information that play therapy has a positive effect on children.

IntroductionSingle-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) and flow cytometry studies in skin are methodologically complex and costly, limiting their accessibility to researchers worldwide. Ideally, RNA and protein-based analyses should be performed on the same lesion to obtain more comprehensive data. However, current protocols generally focus on either scRNAseq or flow cytometry of healthy skin.MethodsWe present a novel label-free sample multiplexing strategy, building on the souporcell algorithm, which enables scRNAseq analysis of paired blood and skin samples. Additionally, we provide detailed instructions for simultaneous flow cytometry analysis from the same sample, with necessary adaptations for both healthy and inflamed skin specimens.ResultsThis tissue multiplexing strategy mitigates technical batch effects and reduces costs by 2-4 times compared to existing protocols. We also demonstrate the effects of varying enzymatic incubation durations (1, 3, and 16 hours, with and without enzyme P) on flow cytometry outcomes. Comprehensive explanations of bioinformatic demultiplexing steps and a detailed step-by-step protocol of the entire experimental procedure are included.DiscussionThe protocol outlined in this article will make scRNAseq and flow cytometry analysis of skin samples more accessible to researchers, especially those new to these techniques.