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Introduction: Ever since the first successful in vitro conception was made, the selection of the most competent embryos for transfer was the primary focus of research in this domain. The main cause of implantation failure and pregnancy loss is the presence of aneuploidy. It has been proposed that the performance of the in vitro fertilization (IVF) can be improved by selection and transfer of the embryo without chromosomopathy. This method is known as Preimplantation Genetic Screening (PGS). Aim: The aim of our study was to determine the clinical significance of the array comparative genomic hibridization (array CGH) within the PGS and the possibility of routine application of PGS to determine the existence of aneuploidy within the embryos obtained in IVF procedure. Material and methods: We performed partly both retrospective and prospective study on 25 patients who underwent an IVF with PGS in the Clinic for Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, from March 2015 to February 2016. Embryo biopsy was done first, and then the samples were sent to the Institute for Health Protection of Children and Youth of Vojvodina, where array CGH method was performed. Results: From 109 analyzed samples, 63 were successfully amplified, while 46 were not. From those successfully amplified, 26.98% (17/63) were euploid and 73.02% (46/63) aneuploid. The percentage of aneuploidy was highest in patients in the age group 31-36 years (50%; 23/46). Patients with tubal infertility had the highest rate of aneuploidy (36.9%; 17/46). Conclusion: In our study, aneuploidies were present in a high proportion in patients with tubal sterility and in patients in the age group 31-36 years, which significantly reduces the chance of a successful IVF procedure. Routine screening of embryos for aneuploidies in an IVF procedure would significantly reduce emotional, financial and time losses.

Introduction. Numerical aberrations (whole chromosomal aneuploidy) have been considered one of the most important factors leading to implantation failure and early miscarriages in patients undergoing assisted reproductive procedures. Embryo selection is mainly based on morphological assessment; however, embryos produced from aneuploid gametes cannot be distinguished from euploid based on morphological characteristics. Detection of aneuploidy in human embryos. Thanks to the introduction of molecular- genetic screening of embryos, it is possible to identify aneuploid embryos via preimplantation genetic screening/diagnosis and thus select the best embryos based on their ploidy. Array comparative genomic hybridization is a molecular technique which allows ploidy analysis of the entire genome amplification from a single cell, within 24 hours after polar body, blastomere or trophectoderm cell biopsy. Trophectoderm cell biopsy is considered the most reliable screening approach given the lower mosaicism appearance at the blastocyst stage. Conclusion. This paper points to the importance and necessity of molecular analysis in embryo selection. Further investigations and improvements are required, because this technology has only recently become available in clinical practice in the in vitro fertilization procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction. Progress in the field of cancer treatment has led to increased survival rate of cancer patients. Chemotherapy and surgical treatment may be the consequence of decreased fertility in both genders. Fertility Preservation. Some of the prominent techniques for fertility preservation, cryopreservation of gametes and embryos, are efficient and safe techniques in clinical practice, while cryopreservation of gonadal tissue and cells is considered experimental, and it is not used in everyday practice yet. Conclusion. Timely and complete information about the effects of cancer treatment on fertility, as well as information about the potential techniques for fertility preservation, should be available to all patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]