137 results on '"Vornoli A"'
Search Results
2. Exploring occupational toxicant exposures in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: A prospective pilot study
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Tovoli, Francesco, Stefanini, Bernardo, Mandrioli, Daniele, Mattioli, Stefano, Vornoli, Andrea, Sgargi, Daria, Manservisi, Fabiana, Piscaglia, Fabio, Curti, Stefania, and Bolondi, Luigi
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- 2024
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3. Assessment of the Antioxidant and Hypolipidemic Properties of Salicornia europaea for the Prevention of TAFLD in Rats
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Aymen Souid, Lucia Giambastiani, Antonella Castagna, Marco Santin, Fabio Vivarelli, Donatella Canistro, Camilla Morosini, Moreno Paolini, Paola Franchi, Marco Lucarini, Andrea Raffaelli, Lucia Giorgetti, Annamaria Ranieri, Vincenzo Longo, Luisa Pozzo, and Andrea Vornoli
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Salicornia europaea ,antioxidants ,steatosis ,cytochrome P450 ,polyphenols ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Halophyte species represent valuable reservoirs of natural antioxidants, and, among these, Salicornia europaea stands out as a promising edible plant. In this study, young and old S. europaea leaves were compared for the content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity to assess changes in different growth phases; then, the potential protective effects against low-dose CCl4-induced toxicant-associated fatty liver disease (TAFLD) were investigated by administering an aqueous suspension of young leaves to rats daily for two weeks. Quantification of total and individual phenolic compounds and in vitro antioxidant activity assays (DPPH, FRAP, and ORAC) showed the highest values in young leaves compared to mature ones. Salicornia treatment mitigated CCl4-induced hepatic oxidative stress, reducing lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl levels, and preserving the decrease in glutathione levels. Electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy confirmed these results in the liver and evidenced free radicals increase prevention in the brain. Salicornia treatment also attenuated enzymatic disruptions in the liver’s drug metabolizing system and Nrf2-dependent antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, histopathological examination revealed reduced hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation. Overall, this study highlights Salicornia’s potential as a source of bioactive compounds with effective hepatoprotective properties capable to prevent TAFLD.
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- 2024
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4. Genetic profiling of rat gliomas and cardiac schwannomas from life-time radiofrequency radiation exposure study using a targeted next-generation sequencing gene panel.
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Ashley M Brooks, Andrea Vornoli, Ramesh C Kovi, Thai Vu T Ton, Miaofei Xu, Ahmed Mashal, Eva Tibaldi, Federica Gnudi, Jian-Liang Li, Robert C Sills, John R Bucher, Daniele Mandrioli, Fiorella Belpoggi, and Arun R Pandiri
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The cancer hazard associated with lifetime exposure to radiofrequency radiation (RFR) was examined in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats at the Ramazzini Institute (RI), Italy. There were increased incidences of gliomas and cardiac schwannomas. The translational relevance of these rare rat tumors for human disease is poorly understood. We examined the genetic alterations in RFR-derived rat tumors through molecular characterization of important cancer genes relevant for human gliomagenesis. A targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel was designed for rats based on the top 23 orthologous human glioma-related genes. Single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and small insertion and deletions (indels) were characterized in the rat gliomas and cardiac schwannomas. Translational relevance of these genetic alterations in rat tumors to human disease was determined through comparison with the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) database. These data suggest that rat gliomas resulting from life-time exposure to RFR histologically resemble low grade human gliomas but surprisingly no mutations were detected in rat gliomas that had homology to the human IDH1 p.R132 or IDH2 p.R172 suggesting that rat gliomas are primarily wild-type for IDH hotspot mutations implicated in human gliomas. The rat gliomas appear to share some genetic alterations with IDH1 wildtype human gliomas and rat cardiac schwannomas also harbor mutations in some of the queried cancer genes. These data demonstrate that targeted NGS panels based on tumor specific orthologous human cancer driver genes are an important tool to examine the translational relevance of rodent tumors resulting from chronic/life-time rodent bioassays.
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- 2024
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5. Assessment of the Antioxidant and Hypolipidemic Properties of Salicornia europaea for the Prevention of TAFLD in Rats
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Souid, Aymen, primary, Giambastiani, Lucia, additional, Castagna, Antonella, additional, Santin, Marco, additional, Vivarelli, Fabio, additional, Canistro, Donatella, additional, Morosini, Camilla, additional, Paolini, Moreno, additional, Franchi, Paola, additional, Lucarini, Marco, additional, Raffaelli, Andrea, additional, Giorgetti, Lucia, additional, Ranieri, Annamaria, additional, Longo, Vincenzo, additional, Pozzo, Luisa, additional, and Vornoli, Andrea, additional
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- 2024
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6. The hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect of Kavolì® aqueous extract, a mixture of Brassica oleracea leaves, in a rat model of NAFLD
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Vornoli, Andrea, Vizzarri, Francesco, Della Croce, Clara Maria, Grande, Teresa, Palazzo, Marisa, Árvay, Július, Pucci, Laura, Gabriele, Morena, Matteucci, Marco, Paolini, Moreno, Longo, Vincenzo, and Pozzo, Luisa
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- 2022
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7. Chlamydomonas agloeformis from the Ecuadorian Highlands: Nutrients and Bioactive Compounds Profiling and In Vitro Antioxidant Activity
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Teresa Grande, Andrea Vornoli, Valter Lubrano, Francesco Vizzarri, Andrea Raffaelli, Morena Gabriele, Jeniffer Novoa, Carla Sandoval, Vincenzo Longo, Maria Cristina Echeverria, and Luisa Pozzo
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green microalgae ,antioxidant ,Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HMEC-1) ,functional food ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
Green microalgae are single-celled eukaryotic organisms that, in recent years, are becoming increasingly important in the nutraceutical, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical fields because of their high content of bioactive compounds. In this study, a particular green microalga was isolated from freshwater highland lakes of Ecuador and morphologically and molecularly identified as Chlamydomonas agloeformis (ChA), and it was studied for nutritional and nutraceutical properties. The phenolic composition and the fatty acids profile of lyophilized cells were determined. The methanolic extract was analyzed for the phenolic compounds profile and the antioxidant capacity by means of in vitro tests. Finally, Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HMEC-1) were exploited to explore the capacity of ChA to reduce the endothelial damage induced by oxidized LDL-mediated oxidative stress. The extract showed a good antioxidant ability thanks to the high content in polyphenolic compounds. The observed decrease in HMEC-1 cells endothelial damage also was probably due to the antioxidant compounds present in the extract. Based on the outcomes of our in vitro assays, ChA demonstrated to be a promising source of bioactive compounds possessing exceptional antioxidant capacities which make it a prospective functional food.
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- 2023
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8. In Vitro Characterization of Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Antimutagenic Activities of the Green Microalga Ettlia pseudoalveolaris
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Andrea Vornoli, Teresa Grande, Valter Lubrano, Francesco Vizzarri, Chiara Gorelli, Andrea Raffaelli, Clara Maria Della Croce, Santiago Zarate Baca, Carla Sandoval, Vincenzo Longo, Luisa Pozzo, and Cristina Echeverria
- Subjects
functional food ,antioxidants ,nutrition ,green microalgae ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Recently, green microalgae have gained importance due to their nutritional and bioactive compounds, which makes them some of the most promising and innovative functional foods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical profile and the in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial and antimutagenic activity of an aqueous extract of the green microalga Ettlia pseudoalveolaris, obtained from the freshwater lakes of the Ecuadorian Highlands. Human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) were used to determine the ability of the microalga to reduce the endothelial damage caused by hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, the eukaryotic system Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used to evaluate the possible cytotoxic, mutagenic and antimutagenic effect of E. pseudoalveolaris. The extract showed a notable antioxidant capacity and a moderate antibacterial activity mostly due to the high content in polyphenolic compounds. It is likely that the antioxidant compounds present in the extract were also responsible for the observed reduction in endothelial damage of HMEC-1 cells. An antimutagenic effect through a direct antioxidant mechanism was also found. Based on the results of in vitro assays, E. pseudoalveolaris proved to be a good source of bioactive compounds and antioxidant, antibacterial and antimutagenic capacities making it a potential functional food.
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- 2023
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- View/download PDF
9. Identification of aspartame-induced haematopoietic and lymphoid tumours in rats after lifetime treatment
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Tibaldi, Eva, Gnudi, Federica, Panzacchi, Simona, Mandrioli, Daniele, Vornoli, Andrea, Manservigi, Marco, Sgargi, Daria, Falcioni, Laura, Bua, Luciano, and Belpoggi, Fiorella
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- 2020
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10. Genetic profiling of rat gliomas and cardiac schwannomas from life-time radiofrequency radiation exposure study using a targeted next-generation sequencing gene panel
- Author
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Brooks, Ashley M., primary, Vornoli, Andrea, additional, Kovi, Ramesh C., additional, Ton, Thai Vu T., additional, Xu, Miaofei, additional, Mashal, Ahmed, additional, Tibaldi, Eva, additional, Gnudi, Federica, additional, Li, Jian-Liang, additional, Sills, Robert C., additional, Bucher, John R., additional, Mandrioli, Daniele, additional, Belpoggi, Fiorella, additional, and Pandiri, Arun R., additional
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- 2024
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11. Probing the Alterations in Mice Cecal Content Due to High-Fat Diet Using Ftir Spectroscopy, Liquid Chromatography, and Chemometrics
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Trouki, Cheherazade, primary, Campanella, Beatrice, additional, Vornoli, Andrea, additional, Pozzo, Luisa, additional, Longo, Vincenzo, additional, and Bramanti, Emilia, additional
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- 2024
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12. Exploring occupational toxicant exposures in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: A prospective pilot study
- Author
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Tovoli, Francesco, primary, Stefanini, Bernardo, additional, Mandrioli, Daniele, additional, Mattioli, Stefano, additional, Vornoli, Andrea, additional, Sgargi, Daria, additional, Manservisi, Fabiana, additional, Piscaglia, Fabio, additional, Curti, Stefania, additional, and Bolondi, Luigi, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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13. The Global Glyphosate Study: experimental evidence on the most widely used herbicide worldwide
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Daniele Mandrioli, Simona Panzacchi, Eva Tibaldi, Federica Gnudi, Andrea Vornoli, Laura Falcioni, Luciano Bua, and Fiorella Belpoggi
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Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Published
- 2022
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14. Chlamydomonas agloeformis from the Ecuadorian Highlands: Nutrients and Bioactive Compounds Profiling and In Vitro Antioxidant Activity
- Author
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Grande, Teresa, primary, Vornoli, Andrea, additional, Lubrano, Valter, additional, Vizzarri, Francesco, additional, Raffaelli, Andrea, additional, Gabriele, Morena, additional, Novoa, Jeniffer, additional, Sandoval, Carla, additional, Longo, Vincenzo, additional, Echeverria, Maria Cristina, additional, and Pozzo, Luisa, additional
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- 2023
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15. Co-carcinogenic effects of vitamin E in prostate
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Fabio Vivarelli, Donatella Canistro, Silvia Cirillo, Alessio Papi, Enzo Spisni, Andrea Vornoli, Clara M. Della Croce, Vincenzo Longo, Paola Franchi, Sandra Filippi, Marco Lucarini, Cristina Zanzi, Francesca Rotondo, Antonello Lorenzini, Silvia Marchionni, and Moreno Paolini
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract A large number of basic researches and observational studies suggested the cancer preventive activity of vitamin E, but large-scale human intervention trials have yielded disappointing results and actually showed a higher incidence of prostate cancer although the mechanisms underlying the increased risk remain largely unknown. Here we show through in vitro and in vivo studies that vitamin E produces a marked inductive effect on carcinogen-bioactivating enzymes and a pro-oxidant status promoting both DNA damage and cell transformation frequency. First, we found that vitamin E in the human prostate epithelial RWPE-1 cell line has the remarkable ability to upregulate the expression of various phase-I activating cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, including activators of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), giving rise to supraphysiological levels of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, our rat model confirmed that vitamin E in the prostate has a powerful booster effect on CYP enzymes associated with the generation of oxidative stress, thereby favoring lipid-derived electrophile spread that covalently modifies proteins. We show that vitamin E not only causes DNA damage but also promotes cell transformation frequency induced by the PAH-prototype benzo[a]pyrene. Our findings might explain why dietary supplementation with vitamin E increases the prostate cancer risk among healthy men.
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- 2019
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16. Evaluation of Toxicant-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Liver Neoplastic Progress in Sprague-Dawley Rats Treated with Low Doses of Aflatoxin B1 Alone or in Combination with Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields
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Andrea Vornoli, Eva Tibaldi, Federica Gnudi, Daria Sgargi, Fabiana Manservisi, Fiorella Belpoggi, Francesco Tovoli, and Daniele Mandrioli
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toxicant associated fatty liver disease ,Aflatoxin b ,Sprague-Dawley rats ,hepatotoxicity ,liver ,Medicine - Abstract
The term toxicant-associated fatty liver disease (TAFLD) has been proposed to describe fatty liver diseases connected to toxicants other than alcohol. Aflatoxins are mycotoxins commonly found as contaminants in foods and feeds, which are known liver toxicants and potential candidates as potential causes of TAFLD. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was administered at low doses to Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, alone or in combination with S-50 Hz an extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELFEMF), to study the evolution of TAFLD, preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the liver and the potential enhancing effect of lifespan exposure to ELFEMF. Steatosis, inflammation and foci of different types were significantly increased in both aflatoxin-treated males and females, which is consistent with a pattern of TAFLD. A significant increase in adenomas, cystic dilation of biliary ducts, hepatocellular hyperplasia and hypertrophy and oval cell hyperplasia were also observed in treated females only. The administration of low doses of AFB1 caused TAFLD in SD rats, inducing liver lesions encompassing fatty infiltration, foci of different types and adenomas. Furthermore, the pattern of change observed in preneoplastic liver lesions often included liver steatosis and steatohepatitis (TASH). ELFEMF did not result in any enhancing or toxic effect in the liver of SD rats.
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- 2022
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17. Results of lifespan exposure to continuous and intermittent extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELFEMF) administered alone to Sprague Dawley rats
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Bua, L., Tibaldi, E., Falcioni, L., Lauriola, M., De Angelis, L., Gnudi, F., Manservigi, M., Manservisi, F., Manzoli, I., Menghetti, I., Montella, R., Panzacchi, S., Sgargi, D., Strollo, V., Vornoli, A., Mandrioli, D., and Belpoggi, F.
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- 2018
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18. Aflatoxin B1 DNA-Adducts in Hepatocellular Carcinoma from a Low Exposure Area
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Laura Gramantieri, Federica Gnudi, Francesco Vasuri, Daniele Mandrioli, Francesca Fornari, Francesco Tovoli, Fabrizia Suzzi, Andrea Vornoli, Antonia D’Errico, Fabio Piscaglia, and Catia Giovannini
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AFB1 ,HCC ,CD68 ,cholangiocarcinoma ,food control ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a class 1 carcinogen with an ascertained role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in high exposure areas. Instead, this study aimed to assay whether chronic/intermittent, low-dose AFB1 consumption might occur in low-exposure geographical areas, ultimately accumulating in the liver and possibly contributing to liver cancer. AFB1-DNA adducts were assayed by immunostaining in liver tissues from three Italian series of twenty cirrhosis without HCC, 131 HCC, and 45 cholangiocarcinoma, and in an AFB1-induced HCC rat model. CD68, TP53 immunostaining, and TP53 RFLP analysis of R249S transversion were used to characterize cell populations displaying AFB1-DNA adducts. Twenty-five HCCs displayed AFB1-adducts both in neoplastic hepatocytes and in cells infiltrating the tumor and non-tumor tissues. Nuclear immunostaining was observed in a few cases, while most cases showed cytoplasmic immunostaining, especially in CD68-positive tumor-infiltrating cells, suggestive for phagocytosis of dead hepatocytes. Similar patterns were observed in AFB1-induced rat HCC, though with higher intensity. Cholangiocarcinoma and cirrhosis without HCC did not displayAFB1-adducts, except for one case. Despite not providing a causal relationship with HCC, these findings still suggest paying attention to detection and control measures for aflatoxins to ensure food safety in low exposure areas.
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- 2022
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19. The Ramazzini Institute 13-week pilot study on glyphosate and Roundup administered at human-equivalent dose to Sprague Dawley rats: effects on the microbiome
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Qixing Mao, Fabiana Manservisi, Simona Panzacchi, Daniele Mandrioli, Ilaria Menghetti, Andrea Vornoli, Luciano Bua, Laura Falcioni, Corina Lesseur, Jia Chen, Fiorella Belpoggi, and Jianzhong Hu
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Roundup ,Glyphosate ,Gut microbiome ,Early developmental stage ,Industrial medicine. Industrial hygiene ,RC963-969 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are broad-spectrum herbicides that act on the shikimate pathway in bacteria, fungi, and plants. The possible effects of GBHs on human health are the subject of an intense public debate for both its potential carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects, including its effects on microbiome. The present pilot study examines whether exposure to GBHs at doses of glyphosate considered to be “safe” (the US Acceptable Daily Intake - ADI - of 1.75 mg/kg bw/day), starting from in utero, may modify the composition of gut microbiome in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Methods Glyphosate alone and Roundup, a commercial brand of GBHs, were administered in drinking water at doses comparable to the US glyphosate ADI (1.75 mg/kg bw/day) to F0 dams starting from the gestational day (GD) 6 up to postnatal day (PND) 125. Animal feces were collected at multiple time points from both F0 dams and F1 pups. The gut microbiota of 433 fecal samples were profiled at V3-V4 region of 16S ribosomal RNA gene and further taxonomically assigned and assessed for diversity analysis. We tested the effect of exposure on overall microbiome diversity using PERMANOVA and on individual taxa by LEfSe analysis. Results Microbiome profiling revealed that low-dose exposure to Roundup and glyphosate resulted in significant and distinctive changes in overall bacterial composition in F1 pups only. Specifically, at PND31, corresponding to pre-pubertal age in humans, relative abundance for Bacteriodetes (Prevotella) was increased while the Firmicutes (Lactobacillus) was reduced in both Roundup and glyphosate exposed F1 pups compared to controls. Conclusions This study provides initial evidence that exposures to commonly used GBHs, at doses considered safe, are capable of modifying the gut microbiota in early development, particularly before the onset of puberty. These findings warrant future studies on potential health effects of GBHs in early development such as childhood.
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- 2018
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20. In Vitro Characterization of Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Antimutagenic Activities of the Green Microalga Ettlia pseudoalveolaris
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Vornoli, Andrea, primary, Grande, Teresa, additional, Lubrano, Valter, additional, Vizzarri, Francesco, additional, Gorelli, Chiara, additional, Raffaelli, Andrea, additional, Croce, Clara Maria Della, additional, Baca, Santiago Zarate, additional, Sandoval, Carla, additional, Longo, Vincenzo, additional, Pozzo, Luisa, additional, and Echeverria, Cristina, additional
- Published
- 2023
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21. In Vitro Characterization of Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Antimutagenic Activities of the Green Microalga Ettlia pseudoalveolaris
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Echeverria, Andrea Vornoli, Teresa Grande, Valter Lubrano, Francesco Vizzarri, Chiara Gorelli, Andrea Raffaelli, Clara Maria Della Croce, Santiago Zarate Baca, Carla Sandoval, Vincenzo Longo, Luisa Pozzo, and Cristina
- Subjects
functional food ,antioxidants ,nutrition ,green microalgae - Abstract
Recently, green microalgae have gained importance due to their nutritional and bioactive compounds, which makes them some of the most promising and innovative functional foods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical profile and the in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial and antimutagenic activity of an aqueous extract of the green microalga Ettlia pseudoalveolaris, obtained from the freshwater lakes of the Ecuadorian Highlands. Human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) were used to determine the ability of the microalga to reduce the endothelial damage caused by hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, the eukaryotic system Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used to evaluate the possible cytotoxic, mutagenic and antimutagenic effect of E. pseudoalveolaris. The extract showed a notable antioxidant capacity and a moderate antibacterial activity mostly due to the high content in polyphenolic compounds. It is likely that the antioxidant compounds present in the extract were also responsible for the observed reduction in endothelial damage of HMEC-1 cells. An antimutagenic effect through a direct antioxidant mechanism was also found. Based on the results of in vitro assays, E. pseudoalveolaris proved to be a good source of bioactive compounds and antioxidant, antibacterial and antimutagenic capacities making it a potential functional food.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Effect of HFD/STZ on expression of genes involved in lipid, cholesterol and glucose metabolism in rats
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Pozzo, Luisa, Vornoli, Andrea, Coppola, Ilaria, Croce, Clara Maria Della, Giorgetti, Lucia, Gervasi, Pier Giovanni, and Longo, Vincenzo
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- 2016
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23. Harmful effects behind the daily supplementation of a fixed vegetarian blend in the rat model
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Bonamassa, Barbara, Canistro, Donatella, Sapone, Andrea, Vivarelli, Fabio, Vornoli, Andrea, Longo, Vincenzo, and Paolini, Moreno
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- 2016
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24. E-cigarettes induce toxicological effects that can raise the cancer risk
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Donatella Canistro, Fabio Vivarelli, Silvia Cirillo, Clara Babot Marquillas, Annamaria Buschini, Mirca Lazzaretti, Laura Marchi, Vladimiro Cardenia, Maria Teresa Rodriguez-Estrada, Maura Lodovici, Caterina Cipriani, Antonello Lorenzini, Eleonora Croco, Silvia Marchionni, Paola Franchi, Marco Lucarini, Vincenzo Longo, Clara Maria Della Croce, Andrea Vornoli, Annamaria Colacci, Monica Vaccari, Andrea Sapone, and Moreno Paolini
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) are devices designed to deliver nicotine in a vaping solution rather than smoke and without tobacco combustion. Perceived as a safer alternative to conventional cigarettes, e-cigs are aggressively marketed as lifestyle-choice consumables, thanks to few restrictions and a lack of regulatory guidelines. E-cigs have also gained popularity among never-smokers and teenagers, becoming an emergent public health issue. Despite the burgeoning worldwide consumption of e-cigs, their safety remains largely unproven and it is unknown whether these devices cause in vivo toxicological effects that could contribute to cancer. Here we demonstrate the co-mutagenic and cancer-initiating effects of e-cig vapour in a rat lung model. We found that e-cigs have a powerful booster effect on phase-I carcinogen-bioactivating enzymes, including activators of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and increase oxygen free radical production and DNA oxidation to 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine. Furthermore, we found that e-cigs damage DNA not only at chromosomal level in peripheral blood, such as strand breaks in leucocytes and micronuclei formation in reticulocytes, but also at gene level such as point mutations in urine. Our results demonstrate that exposure to e-cigs could endanger human health, particularly among younger more vulnerable consumers.
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- 2017
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25. Disruption of redox homeostasis and carcinogen metabolizing enzymes changes by administration of vitamin E to rats
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Vivarelli, Fabio, Canistro, Donatella, Franchi, Paola, Sapone, Andrea, Vornoli, Andrea, Della Croce, Clara, Longo, Vincenzo, Lucarini, Marco, and Paolini, Moreno
- Published
- 2016
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26. Co-carcinogenic effects of vitamin E in prostate
- Author
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Vivarelli, Fabio, Canistro, Donatella, Cirillo, Silvia, Papi, Alessio, Spisni, Enzo, Vornoli, Andrea, Croce, Clara M. Della, Longo, Vincenzo, Franchi, Paola, Filippi, Sandra, Lucarini, Marco, Zanzi, Cristina, Rotondo, Francesca, Lorenzini, Antonello, Marchionni, Silvia, and Paolini, Moreno
- Published
- 2019
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27. Brain and heart tumors in Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to mobile phone radio frequencies
- Author
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FIORELLA BELPOGGI and Andrea Vornoli
- Abstract
Final results regarding brain and heart tumors in Sprague-Dawley rats exposed from prenatal life until natural death to mobile phone radiofrequency field representative of a 1.8 GHz GSM base station environmental emission The Ramazzini Institute (RI) performed a life-span carcinogenic study on Sprague-Dawley rats to evaluate the carcinogenic effects of RFR in the situation of far field, reproducing the environmental exposure to RFR generated by 1.8 GHz GSM antenna of the radio base stations of mobile phone. Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed from prenatal life until natural death to a 1.8 GHz GSM far field of 0, 5, 25, 50 V/m with a whole-body exposure for 19 h/day. In 2018, we reported the final results regarding brain and heart tumors. A statistically significant increase in the incidence of heart Schwannomas was observed in treated male rats at the highest dose (50 V/m). Furthermore, an increase in the incidence of malignant glial tumors was observed in treated female rats at the highest dose (50 V/m), although not statistically significant. The RI findings are consistent with the NTP results on RFR exposure, as both reported an increase in the incidence of brain and heart tumors of the same histotype of those observed in some epidemiological studies on cell phone users. These studies provide sufficient evidence to call for the reevaluation of IARC conclusions regarding the carcinogenic potential of RFR in humans.
- Published
- 2022
28. Modulation of lipid homeostasis in response to continuous or intermittent high-fat diet in pigs
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E. Puccinelli, P.G. Gervasi, M.G. Trivella, A. Vornoli, F. Viglione, G. Pelosi, O. Parodi, T. Sampietro, and M. Puntoni
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high-fat diet ,pig ,lipoproteins ,atherosclerosis ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
A high-fat diet is known to induce atherosclerosis in animal models. Dietary factors and timing of atherogenic food delivery may affect plasma lipoprotein content composition and its potential atherogenic effect. Increasingly often, humans spend periods/days eating in a completely unregulated way, ingesting excessive amounts of food rich in oils and fats, alternating with periods/days when food intake is more or less correct. We investigate the effect on lipid homeostasis of a high-fat diet administered either continuously or intermittently. We investigated control pigs receiving standard diet (C, n=7), pigs receiving a high-fat diet every day for 10 weeks (CHF, n=5), and pigs receiving a high-fat diet every other week for 10 weeks (IHF, n=7). IHF animals were shown to have a different lipid profile compared with CHF animals, with a significant increase in high-density lipoproteins (HDL) levels with respect to C and CHF groups. CHF also showed significantly higher values of TC/HDL cholesterol compared with C and IHF. Hepatic expression analysis of genes involved in lipid homeostasis showed an increasing trend of nuclear receptor LXRα along with its target genes in the CHF group and in the IHF group, whereas SREBP2 and LDLr were significantly inhibited. A significant correlation was found between ABCA1 expression and circulating levels of HDL-C. Periodic withdrawals of a high-fat atherogenic diet compared with a regular administration results in a different adaptive response of lipoprotein metabolism, which leads to a significantly higher plasma level of HDL-C and lower TC/HDL-C.
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- 2015
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29. Drug metabolism enzymes in a steatotic model of rat treated with a high fat diet and a low dose of streptozotocin
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Vornoli, A., Pozzo, L., Della Croce, C.M., Gervasi, P.G., and Longo, V.
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- 2014
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30. The Ramazzini Institute 13-week pilot study on glyphosate and Roundup administered at human-equivalent dose to Sprague Dawley rats: effects on the microbiome
- Author
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Mao, Qixing, Manservisi, Fabiana, Panzacchi, Simona, Mandrioli, Daniele, Menghetti, Ilaria, Vornoli, Andrea, Bua, Luciano, Falcioni, Laura, Lesseur, Corina, Chen, Jia, Belpoggi, Fiorella, and Hu, Jianzhong
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Evaluation of Toxicant-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Liver Neoplastic Progress in Sprague-Dawley Rats Treated with Low Doses of Aflatoxin B1 Alone or in Combination with Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields
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Vornoli, Andrea, primary, Tibaldi, Eva, additional, Gnudi, Federica, additional, Sgargi, Daria, additional, Manservisi, Fabiana, additional, Belpoggi, Fiorella, additional, Tovoli, Francesco, additional, and Mandrioli, Daniele, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Aflatoxin B1 DNA-Adducts in Hepatocellular Carcinoma from a Low Exposure Area
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Gramantieri, Laura, primary, Gnudi, Federica, additional, Vasuri, Francesco, additional, Mandrioli, Daniele, additional, Fornari, Francesca, additional, Tovoli, Francesco, additional, Suzzi, Fabrizia, additional, Vornoli, Andrea, additional, D’Errico, Antonia, additional, Piscaglia, Fabio, additional, and Giovannini, Catia, additional
- Published
- 2022
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33. The Global Glyphosate Study: experimental evidence on the most widely used herbicide worldwide
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Mandrioli, Daniele, primary, Panzacchi, Simona, additional, Tibaldi, Eva, additional, Gnudi, Federica, additional, Vornoli, Andrea, additional, Falcioni, Laura, additional, Bua, Luciano, additional, and Belpoggi, Fiorella, additional
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- 2022
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34. The Ramazzini Institute studies on Glyphosate based herbicides: pilot phase results and state of the art of Global Glyphosate study
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Federica Gnudi, Fabiana Manservisi, Daniele Mandrioli, Eva Tibaldi, Melissa J. Perry, Laura Falcioni, Luciano Bua, Giovanni Dinelli, Jia Chen, Simona Panzacchi, Andrea Vornoli, Alberto Mantovani, Corina Lesseur, and Fiorella Belpoggi
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Pilot phase ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,Glyphosate ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Environmental science ,Glyphosate based herbicides ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,European union ,General Environmental Science ,media_common - Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Glyphosate (G) is set for re-approval in the European Union in late 2022 and the full risk posed by glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) is still unclear.The Ramazzini Institute (...
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- 2021
35. The hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect of Kavolì® aqueous extract, a mixture of Brassica oleracea leaves, in a rat model of NAFLD
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Andrea Vornoli, Francesco Vizzarri, Clara Maria Della Croce, Teresa Grande, Marisa Palazzo, Július Árvay, Laura Pucci, Morena Gabriele, Marco Matteucci, Moreno Paolini, Vincenzo Longo, and Luisa Pozzo
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents ,Polyphenols ,Water ,Brassica ,General Medicine ,Diet, High-Fat ,Toxicology ,Antioxidants ,Rats ,Oxidative Stress ,Liver ,Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ,Animals ,Food Science - Abstract
Herein we characterized the bioactive metabolites of the aqueous extract of Kavolì®, a commercial product composed of a mixture of Brassica oleracea leaves, and assessed its potential ameliorating effects in a rat model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Kavolì® extract showed high levels of bioactive compounds and strong in vitro antioxidant activities. Chlorogenic and neochlorogenic acids were identified as the most representative polyphenols. The administration of brassica extract to steatotic rats significantly ameliorated the levels of blood lipids and transaminases, and lipid content and inflammatory markers in liver. Oxidative stress parameters were significantly improved in both liver and brain of steatotic rats. Moreover, plasma and feces levels of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were bring back close to control values by Kavolì® treatment, in spite of high fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)-induced alterations. The efficacy of Kavolì® in treating hypercholesterolemia, reducing the level of inflammation and cardiovascular disease biomarkers, steatosis and oxidative stress parameters, as well as the ability in modulating SCFAs levels is probably related to the bioactive compounds of the water extract administered to the rat model of NAFLD. In particular, the ameliorating effects are largely attributable to the high content in polyphenols observed in our study.
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- 2022
36. Occupational exposure and risk of complications in MASLD patients:updates from a case:control study.
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Stefanini, B., Mandrioli, D., Vornoli, A., Salomone, A., Sgargi, D., Manservisi, F., Piscaglia, F., and Tovoli, F.
- Abstract
Pollutants are increasingly being evaluated as possible contributors to the progression of liver damage in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Recently, we published a case-control study showing that patients with MASLD-related advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD) and/or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were more likely to report workplace toxicant exposure compared to those with uncomplicated MASLD. Consequently, an extension of the accrual and a transition to a multicenter study were decided. To provide updated evidence following the first extension of the cohort from our original study, which aimed to assess the prevalence of self-reported occupational exposure to toxicants in patients with MASLD. After the extension, this hospital-based prospective pilot study include 224 patients with MASLD. Data on workplace toxicant exposure were collected systematically using a structured questionnaire. Subsequently, patients with ACLD and/or HCC (n = 65) were compared to controls (n = 159). Logistic regression analysis and propensity score models were used to investigate the associations between self-reported occupational exposure and ACLD and/or HCC. The updated data confirmed that patients with ACLD/HCC are more likely to report exposure to metals, halogenated refrigerants, paint/resins, and fuel emissions than the controls. Durations of 21-30 years and >30 years of occupational exposure to toxicants were also more frequently associated with ACLD/HCC, with odds ratios (ORs) of 2.42 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11-4.94, p = 0.020) and 4.21 (95% CI: 2.36-7.53, p < 0.001), respectively. These associations were confirmed after corrections for demographics and other confounders. The extension of our cohort confirms that patients with MASLD complications are more likely to report workplace toxicant exposure than controls. A transition to a multicenter effort is underway. If confirmed, our results may help in developing prevention policies to reduce the risk of life-threatening diseases among exposed populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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37. Effetti co-cancerogeni della vitamina E a livello prostatico
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Vivarelli F, Canistro D, Cirillo S, Papi A, Spisni E, Vornoli A, Della Croce MC, Franchi P, Lucarini M, Zanzi C, Rotondo F, Lorenzini A, Marchionni S, Paolini M., and Vivarelli F, Canistro D, Cirillo S, Papi A, Spisni E, Vornoli A, Della Croce MC, Franchi P, Lucarini M, Zanzi C, Rotondo F, Lorenzini A, Marchionni S, Paolini M.
- Subjects
Prostata ,co.cancerogenesi ,Vitamina E - Abstract
Numerosi studi sperimentali suggeriscono un ruolo chemiopreventivo della vitamina E (VE) nei confronti di numerose patologie tumorali incluso il cancro alla prostata (CA). Tuttavia, le evidenze epidemiologiche più recenti non confermano tale ipotesi, e lo studio clinico SELECT ha addirittura evidenziato un aumento dell’incidenza di CA alla prostata in pazienti sani al momento dell’arruolamento, ai quali era stata somministrata VE giornalmente alla dose di 400 UI/die. Essendo noto in letteratura come alcune isoforme del citocromo P450 (CYP) siano sovra espresse in lesioni prostatiche maligne, e che la VE, agisca come induttore del CYP in alcuni tessuti, abbiamo ipotizzato che l’aumento dell’incidenza di CA possa coinvolgere un meccanismo co-cancerogenico legato all’induzione CYP. L’esposizione a VE produce una marcata induzione del CYP in cellule epiteliali di prostata RWPE-1, incluse le isoforme responsabili dell’attivazione degli Idrocarburi Policiclici Aromatici (IPA), accompagnata da un significativo aumento delle specie reattive dell’ossigeno (ROS). Inoltre, il pathway pro-infiammatorio COX-2-dipendente risulta incrementato, caratteristica che si osserva in diverse forme tumorali incluso quelle che interessano la prostata. Il fenomeno è stato confermato nel modello animale; è stato osservato un aumento delle monoossigenasi e dell’espressione genica di alcune isoforme CYP a livello prostatico unito a una maggiore concentrazione di ROS, in linea con marcatori di danno ossidativo a livello proteico e lipidico, nella prostata di ratto. L’esposizione di cellule IMR90 a VE ha evidenziato un effetto genotossico riportando un’aumentata frequenza dei micronuclei (MN). Il potenziale co-cancerogeno di VE è stato poi confermato dallo studio della trasformazione cellulare mediate l’uso di cellule BALB/c 3T3. Cellule pre-incubate con VE e successivamente esposte a benzo[a]pirene mostrano un significativo incremento della frequenza di trasformazione rispetto a quello senza della vitamina. Il presente studio dimostra come la VE possa, in determinate condizioni, agire come co-cancerogeno tramite un meccanismo CYP-dipendente, causando danno al DNA e promovendo la trasformazione cellulare.
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- 2020
38. The Ramazzini Institute studies on Glyphosate based herbicides: pilot phase results and state of the art of Global Glyphosate study
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Belpoggi, Fiorella, primary, Panzacchi, Simona, additional, Tibaldi, Eva, additional, Gnudi, Federica, additional, Vornoli, Andrea, additional, Falcioni, Laura, additional, Bua, Luciano, additional, Manservisi, Fabiana, additional, Lesseur, Corina, additional, Mantovani, Alberto, additional, Dinelli, Giovanni, additional, Perry, Melissa, additional, Chen, Jia, additional, and Mandrioli, Daniele, additional
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- 2021
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39. Co-carcinogenic effects of vitamin E in prostate
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Alessio Papi, Antonello Lorenzini, Silvia Cirillo, Marco Lucarini, Silvia Marchionni, Sandra Filippi, Enzo Spisni, Andrea Vornoli, Vincenzo Longo, Clara Della Croce, Donatella Canistro, Paola Franchi, Francesca Rotondo, Cristina Zanzi, Moreno Paolini, Fabio Vivarelli, Vivarelli F., Canistro D., Cirillo S., Papi A., Spisni E., Vornoli A., Croce C.M.D., Longo V., Franchi P., Filippi S., Lucarini M., Zanzi C., Rotondo F., Lorenzini A., Marchionni S., and Paolini M.
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine.disease_cause ,carcinogenesis, prostate ,Mice ,Prostate cancer ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ,Prostate ,Vitamin E ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Chemistry ,3T3 Cells ,Up-Regulation ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Medicine ,DNA damage ,Science ,Article ,Cell Line ,03 medical and health sciences ,Benzo(a)pyrene ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective ,Carcinogen ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Cancer ,Cytochrome P450 ,Neoplasms, Experimental ,medicine.disease ,Rats ,Oxidative Stress ,030104 developmental biology ,Risk factors ,Dietary Supplements ,Carcinogens ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,Lipid Peroxidation ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Oxidative stress ,DNA Damage - Abstract
A large number of basic researches and observational studies suggested the cancer preventive activity of vitamin E, but large-scale human intervention trials have yielded disappointing results and actually showed a higher incidence of prostate cancer although the mechanisms underlying the increased risk remain largely unknown. Here we show through in vitro and in vivo studies that vitamin E produces a marked inductive effect on carcinogen-bioactivating enzymes and a pro-oxidant status promoting both DNA damage and cell transformation frequency. First, we found that vitamin E in the human prostate epithelial RWPE-1 cell line has the remarkable ability to upregulate the expression of various phase-I activating cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, including activators of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), giving rise to supraphysiological levels of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, our rat model confirmed that vitamin E in the prostate has a powerful booster effect on CYP enzymes associated with the generation of oxidative stress, thereby favoring lipid-derived electrophile spread that covalently modifies proteins. We show that vitamin E not only causes DNA damage but also promotes cell transformation frequency induced by the PAH-prototype benzo[a]pyrene. Our findings might explain why dietary supplementation with vitamin E increases the prostate cancer risk among healthy men.
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- 2019
40. Co-mutagenic and pro-oxidant effects of Vitamin E promotes DNA damage and cell transformation in prostate
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Fabio Vivarelli, Donatella Canistro, Silvia Cirillo, Alessio Papi, Enzo Spisni, Andrea Vornoli, Clara Maria Della Croce, Vincenzo Longo, Paola Franchi, Sandra Filippi, Marco Lucarini, Cristina Zanzi, Francesca Rotondo, Antonello Lorenzini, Silvia Marchionni, Moreno Paolini, and Fabio Vivarelli, Donatella Canistro, Silvia Cirillo, Alessio Papi, Enzo Spisni, Andrea Vornoli, Clara Maria Della Croce, Vincenzo Longo, Paola Franchi, Sandra Filippi, Marco Lucarini, Cristina Zanzi, Francesca Rotondo, Antonello Lorenzini, Silvia Marchionni, Moreno Paolini
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Co-mutagenesi ,Oxidative stress ,Prostate ,Vitamin E ,CYP450 - Abstract
Introduction The dietary supplements use has increased over the past years in the global landscape and vitamins are by far the products which record the greater appeal. Following the well-rooted idea that the vitamin E promotes health status, many of people assume it not to treat diagnosed deficiencies, but to prevent new occurrences of several diseases, including cancer. However, recent trials and meta-analysis showed no significant effects against cancer aetiology, whereas data from SELECT study reported an increased risk of prostate cancer among healthy men. To date, the mechanism underlying these observations is largely unknown. In this work, we show in in vitro and in vivo models, how vitamin E through co-mutagenic and pro-oxidant mechanisms promotes both DNA damage and cell transformation frequency. Materials and Methods In vitro models Human prostate cells RWPE-1 were exposed to α-tocopherol (100 μM) for 48 h. The gene expression of COX2, CYPA1, CYPA4, CYPB6, CYPC9, and CYP4F2 gene was studied. PGE2 were determinate by ELISA test. The measure of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was carried out by the use of the Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) radical-probe technique. Human fibroblasts IMR90 were exposed to α-tocopherol (100 μM) for 48 h then cells were fixed, stained with DAPI. Micronuclei were scored. IMR90 cultured as previously described were employed for the Immunofluorescence determination of 53BP1 and γH2AX foci. BALB/c 3T3 cells were treated with α-tocopherol (100 μM), after 48 h exposition the medium was removed and cells were incubated with benzo[a]pyrene with a final concentrations ranged from 1 µg/ml to 0.01 µg/ml. Cells were maintained in culture for 4 weeks with twice weekly medium changes, then fixed and stained. Positive transformation foci were counted. In vivo model Vitamin E was administered to Sprague-Dawley rats at doses of 100 or 200 mg/kg b.w. dose daily for 7 or 14 consecutive days. Controls received vehicle (corn oil). Prostate was resected and the CYP1A1 CYP1A2, CYP1B1 gene expression was studied along with the catalytic activity through specific probes. ROS yields was measured by EPR spectroscopy. Finally, the malonyldialdehyde (MDA) development, as a marker of lipid peroxidation as well as protein carbonylation were assessed. Results Here we show that in RWPE-1 cell line vitamin E produces an overexpression of various phase-I bioactivating cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms, including activators of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as CYPA1, CYPA4, CYPB6, CYPC9, and CYP4F2 coupled with a significant yield of radical oxygen species (ROS). These observations have been supported by an in vivo model; in vitamin E supplemented rats we reported a significant booster effect on CYP superfamily along with oxidative damage to lipids and proteins. Furthermore, we show that vitamin E causes DNA damage as exemplified through micronuclei and H2AX - 53BP1 foci based-assays. Finally, we find that the pre-exposure of BALB/c 3T3 cells with vitamin E significantly increase the transformation frequency of the PAH-prototype benzo[a]pyrene. Discussion and Conclusions Taken together, these results can contribute to explain the increased cancer risk found in the SELECT trial. Our data support the hypothesis that vitamin E could act as a co-mutagenic/co-carcinogenic agent increasing the bioactivation of chemicals joint with its pro-oxidant activity resulting in higher risk of cancer through DNA insults and epigenetic alterations. Our study point out one more time the potentially harmful effects of recommending supplementations with micronutrient as a chemopreventive strategy on a large scale.
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- 2019
41. Abstract PO-084: Genetic profiling of rat gliomas and cardiac schwannomas from cell phone radiofrequency radiation exposure using a targeted next-generation sequencing gene panel
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Kovi, Ramesh C., primary, Vornoli, Andrea, additional, Brooks, Ashley, additional, Ton, Thai Vu T., additional, Xu, Miaofei, additional, Tibaldi, Eva, additional, Gnudi, Federica, additional, Li, Jian-Liang, additional, Sills, Robert C., additional, Bucher, John R., additional, Belpoggi, Fiorella, additional, and Pandiri, Arun R., additional
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- 2021
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42. Identification of aspartame-induced haematopoietic and lymphoid tumours in rats after lifetime treatment
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Laura Falcioni, Luciano Bua, Fiorella Belpoggi, Federica Gnudi, Daria Sgargi, Marco Manservigi, Andrea Vornoli, Simona Panzacchi, Daniele Mandrioli, and Eva Tibaldi
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Histology ,Lymphoma ,CD3 ,CD33 ,Lymphoid hyperplasia ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neoplasms ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Aspartame ,CD20 ,Lung ,Hyperplasia ,Leukemia ,biology ,business.industry ,CD68 ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Rats ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Lymphatic system ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,biology.protein ,Immunohistochemistry ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Lymphomas and leukaemias involving the lung have in some cases been hard to distinguish from respiratory tract infection in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats from long-term bioassays. In order to differentiate between tumours and immune cell infiltrates, updated pathological criteria and nomenclature were used and immunohistochemistry (IHC) was applied to haematopoietic and lymphoid tissue tumours (HLTs) in the original prenatal long-term Aspartame (APM) study performed by the Ramazzini Institute (RI). All 78 cases of HLTs from treated and control groups were re-examined based on light microscopic morphological characteristics and subjected to a panel of IHC markers including Ki67, CD3, PAX5, CD20, CD68, TdT, CD45, CD14 and CD33. The analysis confirmed the diagnoses of HLTs in 72 cases, identified 3 cases of preneoplastic lesions (lymphoid hyperplasia), and categorized 3 cases as inflammatory lesions. A statistically significant increase in total HLTs (p = 0.006), total lymphomas (p = 0.032) and total leukaemias (p = 0.031) in treated female rats was confirmed (high dose vs control), and a statistically significant linear trend for each HLT type was also observed. After the HLT cases re-evaluation, the results obtained are consistent with those reported in the previous RI publication and reinforce the hypothesis that APM has a leukaemogenic and lymphomatogenic effect.
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- 2020
43. Report of final results regarding brain and heart tumors in Sprague-Dawley rats exposed from prenatal life until natural death to mobile phone radiofrequency field representative of a 1.8 GHz GSM base station environmental emission
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Ilaria Menghetti, Marco Manservigi, Fabiana Manservisi, Laura Falcioni, Simona Panzacchi, Michelina Lauriola, Federica Gnudi, Daria Sgargi, R. Montella, L. De Angelis, Andrea Vornoli, Daniele Mandrioli, Eva Tibaldi, Luciano Bua, Fiorella Belpoggi, V. Strollo, and I. Manzoli
- Subjects
business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Physiology ,Environmental exposure ,010501 environmental sciences ,Hyperplasia ,medicine.disease ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Natural death ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Radiofrequency field ,Sprague dawley rats ,Medicine ,Heart tumors ,business ,Carcinogen ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Background In 2011, IARC classified radiofrequency radiation (RFR) as possible human carcinogen (Group 2B). According to IARC, animals studies, as well as epidemiological ones, showed limited evidence of carcinogenicity. In 2016, the NTP published the first results of its long-term bioassays on near field RFR, reporting increased incidence of malignant glial tumors of the brain and heart Schwannoma in rats exposed to GSM – and CDMA – modulated cell phone RFR. The tumors observed in the NTP study are of the type similar to the ones observed in some epidemiological studies of cell phone users. Objectives The Ramazzini Institute (RI) performed a life-span carcinogenic study on Sprague-Dawley rats to evaluate the carcinogenic effects of RFR in the situation of far field, reproducing the environmental exposure to RFR generated by 1.8 GHz GSM antenna of the radio base stations of mobile phone. This is the largest long-term study ever performed in rats on the health effects of RFR, including 2448 animals. In this article, we reported the final results regarding brain and heart tumors. Methods Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed from prenatal life until natural death to a 1.8 GHz GSM far field of 0, 5, 25, 50 V/m with a whole-body exposure for 19 h/day. Results A statistically significant increase in the incidence of heart Schwannomas was observed in treated male rats at the highest dose (50 V/m). Furthermore, an increase in the incidence of heart Schwann cells hyperplasia was observed in treated male and female rats at the highest dose (50 V/m), although this was not statistically significant. An increase in the incidence of malignant glial tumors was observed in treated female rats at the highest dose (50 V/m), although not statistically significant. Conclusions The RI findings on far field exposure to RFR are consistent with and reinforce the results of the NTP study on near field exposure, as both reported an increase in the incidence of tumors of the brain and heart in RFR-exposed Sprague-Dawley rats. These tumors are of the same histotype of those observed in some epidemiological studies on cell phone users. These experimental studies provide sufficient evidence to call for the re-evaluation of IARC conclusions regarding the carcinogenic potential of RFR in humans.
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- 2018
44. Wild Italian
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Luisa, Pozzo, Rossella, Russo, Stefania, Frassinetti, Francesco, Vizzarri, Július, Árvay, Andrea, Vornoli, Donato, Casamassima, Marisa, Palazzo, Clara Maria Della, Croce, and Vincenzo, Longo
- Subjects
antioxidant ,wild Italian Prunus spinosa L. fruit ,antimicrobial ,phenolic compounds ,blackthorn ,Article - Abstract
Polyphenol-rich foods could have a pivotal function in the prevention of oxidative stress-based pathologies and antibacterial action. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial activity, as well as the in vitro and In Vivo antioxidant capacities of wild Prunus spinosa L. fruit (PSF) from the southeast regions of Italy. The total phenolic content (TPC) was quantified, and the single polyphenols were analyzed by HPLC-DAD, showing high rutin and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid levels, followed by gallic and trans-sinapic acids. PSF extract demonstrated antimicrobial activity against some potentially pathogenic Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Besides, we investigated the cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) and the hemolysis inhibition of PSF extract on human erythrocytes, evidencing both a good antioxidant power and a marked hemolysis inhibition. Furthermore, an In Vivo experiment with oxidative stress-induced rats treated with a high-fat diet (HFD) and a low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) demonstrated that PSF has a dose-dependent antioxidant capacity both in liver and in brain. In conclusion, the wild Italian Prunus spinosa L. fruit could be considered a potentially useful material for both nutraceutical and food industries because of its antioxidant and antimicrobial effects.
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- 2019
45. Wild Italian Prunus spinosa L. Fruit Exerts In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity and Protects Against In Vitro and In Vivo Oxidative Stress
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Pozzo, Luisa, primary, Russo, Rossella, additional, Frassinetti, Stefania, additional, Vizzarri, Francesco, additional, Árvay, Július, additional, Vornoli, Andrea, additional, Casamassima, Donato, additional, Palazzo, Marisa, additional, Della Croce, Clara Maria, additional, and Longo, Vincenzo, additional
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- 2019
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46. The Contribution of In Vivo Mammalian Studies to the Knowledge of Adverse Effects of Radiofrequency Radiation on Human Health
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Laura Falcioni, Daniele Mandrioli, Fiorella Belpoggi, Andrea Vornoli, and Luciano Bua
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radiofrequency radiation ,Carcinogenicity Tests ,Radio Waves ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,lcsh:Medicine ,in vivo experimental studies ,Review ,010501 environmental sciences ,Bioinformatics ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,Human health ,0302 clinical medicine ,In vivo ,Toxicity Tests ,medicine ,carcinogenicity ,Animals ,Humans ,Adverse effect ,Carcinogen ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Radiofrequency radiation ,business.industry ,Reproduction ,lcsh:R ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Cancer ,Radiation Exposure ,medicine.disease ,Experimental research ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Reproductive toxicity ,business ,reproductive/developmental toxicity - Abstract
The proliferation of cellular antennas and other radiofrequency radiation (RFR) generating devices of the last decades has led to more and more concerns about the potential health effects from RFR exposure. Since the 2011 classification as a possible carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), more experimental studies have been published that support a causal association between RFR exposure and health hazards. As regard cancer risk, two long-term experimental studies have been recently published by the US National Toxicology Program (NTP) and the Italian Ramazzini Institute (RI). Despite important experimental differences, both studies found statistically significant increases in the development of the same type of very rare glial malignant tumors. In addition to carcinogenicity, reproductive organs might be particularly exposed, as well as sensitive to RFR. In this work, we reviewed the currently available evidence from in vivo studies on carcinogenicity and reproductive toxicity studies in order to summarize the contribution of experimental research to the prevention of the adverse effects of RFR on human health.
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- 2019
47. Abstract PO-084: Genetic profiling of rat gliomas and cardiac schwannomas from cell phone radiofrequency radiation exposure using a targeted next-generation sequencing gene panel
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Jian-Liang Li, Eva Tibaldi, Ramesh C. Kovi, Ashley Brooks, Miaofei Xu, Andrea Vornoli, Robert C. Sills, Fiorella Belpoggi, John R. Bucher, Federica Gnudi, Thai Vu T. Ton, and Arun R. Pandiri
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,education.field_of_study ,IDH1 ,business.industry ,Population ,Cancer ,PDGFRA ,medicine.disease ,IDH2 ,nervous system diseases ,Oncology ,CDKN2A ,Glioma ,Cancer research ,Medicine ,business ,education ,neoplasms ,ATRX - Abstract
The cancer hazard associated with exposure to cell phone radiofrequency radiation (RFR) was examined using lifetime exposure in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats at the Ramazzini Institute (RI), Italy. There were increased incidences of gliomas in the brain and schwannomas in the heart. In order to understand the translational relevance of these rat tumors for human disease, we examined the top 23 orthologous cancer genes mutated in human gliomas using a custom built a next-generation sequencing gene panel for rats based on Illumina’s TruSeq Custom Amplicon Technology. SD rat tissues (gliomas =15; cardiac schwannomas=9, interim (1 year) sacrificed non-tumor brain tissues from RFR exposed rats =30, control brain and heart control tissues from lifetime exposure=10 each, and age-matched control brain tissues from interim sacrificed rats=10) from the RI-RFR cancer bioassay were examined in this study. The deepSNV R-package with various filtering criteria and the read depth of >1000x were used to identify single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) in the rat gliomas and schwannomas. At 5% allelic frequency, there were an average of 43 SNVs per rat glioma and point mutations were detected in 9 genes (Arid1a, Cic, Tert promoter, Tp53, Atrx, Nf1, Pdgfra, Pi3kr1, and Setd2) in at least 3 or more rat gliomas based on population frequency. Five genes (Nf1, Tert promoter, Setd2, Arid1a, and Pdgfra) harbored SNVs in interim sacrificed brain tissues that were also present in RFR-exposed gliomas from lifetime exposure. Interestingly, no mutations were detected in hotspot regions of Idh1, Idh2, Egfr or Braf. In contrast to most human gliomas which harbor mutations in IDH1 and IDH2 genes, the rat gliomas seem to be Idh1 wild type with mutations in the other glioma-related genes. Primary cardiac tumors are extremely rare in humans. With this targeted NGS panel (at allelic frequency of 2.5%), there were an average of 146 SNVs per rat cardiac schwannoma and unique point mutations were detected in Cic, Egfr, Arid1a, Nf1, Setd2, Cdkn2a, Erbb2, Atrx, Pdgfra, and Notch1 in 3 or more cardiac schwannomas. A subset of the SNVs (Arid1a, Tp53, and Nf1) in rat gliomas was confirmed in human gliomas in the COSMIC database supporting the translational relevance of the rat gliomas for human disease. In addition, several SNVs from rat gliomas and cardiac schwannomas were found in various human cancers including carcinomas, hematopoietic neoplasms, melanomas and neuroendocrine tumors. In conclusion, the rat gliomas appear to share genetic alterations with a subtype of IDH1 wildtype human gliomas and rat primary cardiac schwannomas also harbor mutations in some of the queried cancer genes. Citation Format: Ramesh C. Kovi, Andrea Vornoli, Ashley Brooks, Thai Vu T. Ton, Miaofei Xu, Eva Tibaldi, Federica Gnudi, Jian-Liang Li, Robert C. Sills, John R. Bucher, Fiorella Belpoggi, Arun R. Pandiri. Genetic profiling of rat gliomas and cardiac schwannomas from cell phone radiofrequency radiation exposure using a targeted next-generation sequencing gene panel [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Radiation Science and Medicine; 2021 Mar 2-3. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(8_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-084.
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- 2021
48. A transcriptomic analysis of turmeric: Curcumin represses the expression of cholesterol biosynthetic genes and synergizes with simvastatin
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Alan Roter, Victoria Antonetti, Fiorella Belpoggi, Ilaria Menghetti, Hsan-au Wu, Michael J. Balick, Andrea Vornoli, Stephen Redenti, Fabiana Manservisi, Linda Saxe Einbond, Einbond L.S., Manservisi F., Wu H.-A., Balick M., Antonetti V., Vornoli A., Menghetti I., Belpoggi F., Redenti S., and Roter A.
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Simvastatin ,Curcumin ,Context (language use) ,Pharmacology ,Plant Roots ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Curcuma ,Zingiberaceae ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Anticholesteremic Agent ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Curcuma longa ,biology ,Cholesterol ,Animal ,Anticholesteremic Agents ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Turmeric ,Plant Root ,Drug Synergism ,Plant Preparation ,biology.organism_classification ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Toxicity ,Plant Preparations ,Toxicogenomics ,Transcriptome ,medicine.drug ,Human - Abstract
The spice turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) has a long history of use as an anti-inflammatory agent. The active component curcumin induces a variety of diverse biological effects and forms a series of degradation and metabolic products in vivo. Our hypothesis is that the field of toxicogenomics provides tools that can be used to characterize the mode of action and toxicity of turmeric components and to predict turmeric-drug interactions. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated for 4 days with turmeric root containing about 3% curcumin (comparable to what people consume in the fresh or dried root) or a fraction of turmeric enriched for curcumin (∼74%) and liver tissue collected for gene expression analysis. Two doses of each agent were added to the diet, corresponding to 540 and 2700 mg/kg body weight/day of turmeric. The transcriptomic effects of turmeric on rat liver tissue were examined using 3 programs, ToxFx Analysis Suite, in the context of a large drug database, Ingenuity Pathway and NextBio analyses. ToxFx analysis indicates that turmeric containing about 3% or 74% curcumin represses the expression of cholesterol biosynthetic genes. The dose of 400 mg/kg b.w./day curcumin induced the Drug Signature associated with hepatic inflammatory infiltrate. Ingenuity analysis confirmed that all 4 turmeric treatments had a significant effect on cholesterol biosynthesis, specifically the Cholesterol biosynthesis superpathway and Cholesterol biosynthesis 1 and 2. Among the top 10 up or downregulated genes, all 4 treatments downregulated PDK4; while 3 treatments downregulated ANGPTL4 or FASN. These findings suggest curcumin may enhance the anticancer effects of certain classes of statins, which we confirmed with biological assays. Given this enhancement, lower levels of statins may be required, and even be desirable. Our findings also warn of possible safety issues, such as potential inflammatory liver effects, for patients who ingest a combination of certain classes of statins and curcumin. Transcriptomic analysis suggests that turmeric is worthwhile to study to prevent and treat cancer and lipid disorders. Our approach lays new groundwork for studies of the mode of action and safety of herbal medicines and can also be used to develop a methodology to standardize herbal medicines.
- Published
- 2017
49. E-cigarettes induce toxicological effects that can raise the cancer risk
- Author
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Clara Della Croce, Maura Lodovici, Fabio Vivarelli, Antonello Lorenzini, Silvia Cirillo, Maria Teresa Rodriguez-Estrada, Andrea Vornoli, Vladimiro Cardenia, Laura Marchi, Annamaria Colacci, Mirca Lazzaretti, Silvia Marchionni, Clara Babot Marquillas, Eleonora Croco, Paola Franchi, Monica Vaccari, Caterina Cipriani, Andrea Sapone, Moreno Paolini, Marco Lucarini, Vincenzo Longo, Donatella Canistro, Annamaria Buschini, Canistro, Donatella, Vivarelli, Fabio, Cirillo, Silvia, Babot Marquillas, Clara, Buschini, Annamaria, Lazzaretti, Mirca, Marchi, Laura, Cardenia, Vladimiro, Rodriguez-Estrada, Maria Teresa, Lodovici, Maura, Cipriani, Caterina, Lorenzini, Antonello, Croco, Eleonora, Marchionni, Silvia, Franchi, Paola, Lucarini, Marco, Longo, Vincenzo, Della Croce, Clara Maria, Vornoli, Andrea, Colacci, Annamaria, Vaccari, Monica, Sapone, Andrea, and Paolini, Moreno
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,co-cancerogenesis ,Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ,Antioxidants ,Nicotine ,Toxicology ,0302 clinical medicine ,E-cigarette ,in vivo ,lung ,phase I induction ,DNA damage ,micronuclei ,mutagenesis ,Risk Factors ,Neoplasms ,Medicine ,Multidisciplinary ,co-cancerogenesi ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Risk assessment ,Oxidation-Reduction ,medicine.drug ,Science ,Risk Assessment ,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Environmental health ,Animals ,Smoke ,Volatile Organic Compounds ,business.industry ,Cancer ,DNA oxidation ,medicine.disease ,Peripheral blood ,Rats ,030104 developmental biology ,E cigarette ,business ,Cancer risk ,Reactive Oxygen Species - Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) are devices designed to deliver nicotine in a vaping solution rather than smoke and without tobacco combustion. Perceived as a safer alternative to conventional cigarettes, e-cigs are aggressively marketed as lifestyle-choice consumables, thanks to few restrictions and a lack of regulatory guidelines. E-cigs have also gained popularity among never-smokers and teenagers, becoming an emergent public health issue. Despite the burgeoning worldwide consumption of e-cigs, their safety remains largely unproven and it is unknown whether these devices cause in vivo toxicological effects that could contribute to cancer. Here we demonstrate the co-mutagenic and cancer-initiating effects of e-cig vapour in a rat lung model. We found that e-cigs have a powerful booster effect on phase-I carcinogen-bioactivating enzymes, including activators of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and increase oxygen free radical production and DNA oxidation to 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine. Furthermore, we found that e-cigs damage DNA not only at chromosomal level in peripheral blood, such as strand breaks in leucocytes and micronuclei formation in reticulocytes, but also at gene level such as point mutations in urine. Our results demonstrate that exposure to e-cigs could endanger human health, particularly among younger more vulnerable consumers.
- Published
- 2017
50. Wild Italian Prunus spinosa L. Fruit Exerts In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity and Protects Against In Vitro and In Vivo Oxidative Stress
- Author
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Rossella Russo, Clara Della Croce, Július Árvay, Andrea Vornoli, Francesco Vizzarri, Vincenzo Longo, Luisa Pozzo, Donato Vito Casamassima, Marisa Palazzo, and Stefania Frassinetti
- Subjects
antioxidant ,Health (social science) ,Antioxidant ,medicine.medical_treatment ,phenolic compounds ,Plant Science ,medicine.disease_cause ,Health Professions (miscellaneous) ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Rutin ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Nutraceutical ,In vivo ,medicine ,Food science ,wild Italian Prunus spinosa L. fruit ,blackthorn ,030304 developmental biology ,2. Zero hunger ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Chemistry ,Antimicrobial ,biology.organism_classification ,Polyphenol ,Prunus spinosa ,antimicrobial ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Oxidative stress ,Food Science - Abstract
Polyphenol-rich foods could have a pivotal function in the prevention of oxidative stress-based pathologies and antibacterial action. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial activity, as well as the in vitro and In Vivo antioxidant capacities of wild Prunus spinosa L. fruit (PSF) from the southeast regions of Italy. The total phenolic content (TPC) was quantified, and the single polyphenols were analyzed by HPLC-DAD, showing high rutin and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid levels, followed by gallic and trans-sinapic acids. PSF extract demonstrated antimicrobial activity against some potentially pathogenic Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Besides, we investigated the cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) and the hemolysis inhibition of PSF extract on human erythrocytes, evidencing both a good antioxidant power and a marked hemolysis inhibition. Furthermore, an In Vivo experiment with oxidative stress-induced rats treated with a high-fat diet (HFD) and a low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) demonstrated that PSF has a dose-dependent antioxidant capacity both in liver and in brain. In conclusion, the wild Italian Prunus spinosa L. fruit could be considered a potentially useful material for both nutraceutical and food industries because of its antioxidant and antimicrobial effects.
- Published
- 2019
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