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This monograph represents the results of research of the scientific and pedagogical staff of the Department of Finance, Accounting and Economic Security of Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University on the research topic “Problems of financial support of economic and social sphere” (state registration number 0116U000117). This monograph is considered: the problems and prospects of the organization of accounting of settlements with economic entities in the modern conditions, current problems and innovative methods to optimize cost accounting, especially accounting for the results of the enterprise, the specifics of accounting and analysis of the factors of economic security in Ukraine. Recommended for readers interested in economic issues, academics, professionals, postgraduates, educators and students.

In the paper, the issues of modeling information technology for remote monitoring of technological processes and objects with the ability to control the state of monitoring objects are considered. The main objectives and constraints in the form of ISO/IEC/IIC standards and recommendations have been defined. According to the structural analysis and design methodology, a set of input and output parameters, mechanisms, and constraints affecting operations and data flows have been defined. A conceptual model of information technology for monitoring systems has been built and decomposed in the IDEF0 notation, the possibility of its implementation is shown using the example of a data acquisition unit in the form of an intelligent router that provides collection, processing, temporary storage of data and communication with a data processing server. Figs.: 4, Refs.: 21 titles.

Full list of authors: Ho, Anna Y. Q.; Perley, Daniel A.; Yao, Yuhan; Svinkin, Dmitry; Postigo, A. de Ugarte; Perley, R. A.; Kann, D. Alexander; Burns, Eric; Andreoni, Igor; Bellm, Eric C.; Bissaldi, Elisabetta; Bloom, Joshua S.; Brink, Thomas G.; Dekany, Richard; Drake, Andrew J.; Fernandez, Jose Feliciano Agui; Filippenko, Alexei, V; Frederiks, Dmitry; Graham, Matthew J.; Hristov, Boyan A.; Kasliwal, Mansi M.; Kulkarni, S. R.; Kumar, Harsh; Laher, Russ R.; Lysenko, Alexandra L.; Mailyan, Bagrat; Malacaria, Christian; Miller, A. A.; Poolakkil, S.; Riddle, Reed; Ridnaia, Anna; Rusholme, Ben; Savchenko, Volodymyr; Sollerman, Jesper; Thoene, Christina; Tsvetkova, Anastasia; Ulanov, Mikhail; von Kienlin, Andreas.--This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited., Dirty fireballs are a hypothesized class of relativistic massive-star explosions with an initial Lorentz factor Γinit below the Γinit ∼ 100 required to produce a long-duration gamma-ray burst (LGRB), but which could still produce optical emission resembling LGRB afterglows. Here we present the results of a search for on-axis optical afterglows using the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF). Our search yielded seven optical transients that resemble on-axis LGRB afterglows in terms of their red colors (g − r > 0 mag), faint host galaxies (r > 23 mag), rapid fading (dr/dt > 1 mag day−1), and in some cases X-ray and radio emission. Spectroscopy of the transient emission within a few days of discovery established cosmological distances (redshift z = 0.876 to 2.9) for six of the seven events, tripling the number of afterglows with redshift measurements discovered by optical surveys without a γ-ray trigger. A likely associated LGRB (GRB 200524A, GRB 210204A, GRB 210212B, and GRB 210610B) was identified for four events (ZTF 20abbiixp/AT 2020kym, ZTF 21aagwbjr/AT 2021buv, ZTF 21aakruew/AT 2021cwd, and ZTF 21abfmpwn/AT 2021qbd) post facto, while three (ZTF 20aajnksq/AT 2020blt, ZTF 21aaeyldq/AT 2021any, and ZTF 21aayokph/AT 2021lfa) had no detected LGRB counterpart. The simplest explanation for the three "orphan" events is that they were regular LGRBs missed by high-energy satellites owing to detector sensitivity and duty cycle, although it is possible that they were intrinsically subluminous in γ-rays or viewed slightly off-axis. We rule out a scenario in which dirty fireballs have a similar energy per solid angle to LGRBs and are an order of magnitude more common. In addition, we set the first direct constraint on the ratio of the opening angles of the material producing γ-rays and the material producing early optical afterglow emission, finding that they must be comparable. © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society., D.A.P.'s contribution was performed in part at the Aspen Center for Physics, which is supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) grant PHY-1607611. This work was partially supported by a grant from the Simons Foundation. D.F., A.T., and M.U. acknowledge support from RSF grant 21-12-00250. D.A.K. and J.F.A.F acknowledges support from Spanish National Research Project RTI2018-098104-J-I00 (GRBPhot). H.K. thanks the LSSTC Data Science Fellowship Program, which is funded by LSSTC, NSF Cybertraining Grant #1829740, Brinson and Moore Foundations. J.F.A.F. acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades through the grant PRE2018-086507. A.V.F.'s group at U.C. Berkeley is grateful for assistance from the Christopher R. Redlich Fund and many individual donors., With funding from the Spanish government through the Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence accreditation SEV-2017-0709.

The current state of using CI/CD in commercial and open-source projects is analyzed. CI/CD pipelines are shown to be essential to the modern software development process, where they are used to configure workflows. Centralized and distributed approaches to building a software source code version control system are analyzed. For the web-oriented SCADA project, the choice and use of the version control system are justified. We provide concrete examples of using CI/CD that will allow ordinary developers, not DevOps specialists, to take the first steps to configure workflows for their projects and provide basic steps for configuring task execution using the example of the build and test phase of the source code of a real project that uses several programming languages. Проаналізовано поточний стан використання CI/CD у комерційних та opensource проектах. Показано, що конвеєри CI/CD є важливими для сучасного процесу розробки програмного забезпечення, де вони використовуються для налаштування робочих процесів. Проаналізовано централізований та розподілений підходи до побудови системи контролю версій вихідного коду програмного забезпечення. Для веб-орієнтованого проекту SCADA обґрунтовано вибір і використання системи контролю версій. Ми надаємо конкретні приклади використання CI/CD, які дозволять звичайним розробникам, а не фахівцям DevOps, зробити перші кроки для налаштування робочих процесів для своїх проектів і надамо базові кроки для налаштування виконання завдань на прикладі фази збірки та тестування джерела код реального проекту, який використовує кілька мов програмування.

Presentation given at UNIGE Department of Astronomy weekly meetings about Knowledge Graphs in out life.

I describe a beta release of OSA11.2 data reduction pipeline for INTEGRAL Observatory. Particular attention is dedicated to development of platform for continuous verification of data reduction methods.

Remote monitoring of objects or technological processes is used in many industries and service-oriented companies to obtain up-to-date information about the state of things or technical processes. The article is devoted to developing, analyzing, and implementing information technology (IT) for remote monitoring. The high-level design of IT and system for its implementation is based on the IDEF0 Functional Modeling methodology that describes the system hierarchy and establishes horizontal links between various activities. The achieved results confirm the possibility of implementing the proposed technology. The results will be of interest to technical specialists involved in the development of relevant applications but also to business analysts and managers for a better understanding of modern applied information technologies.

There are some approaches to simulating parameters and temperature characteristics of piezoelectric devices based on a quartz crystal resonator (QCR) on bulk acoustic waves (BAW). The paper deals with the simulation of parameters and temperature characteristics of QCR based sensors obtained from an exact one-dimensional solution of piezoelectric plate vibration equations. Maplesoft Maple™ environment is used for simulation.

The meanings of the term "public and private partnership" and its fundamental difference from other types of interaction between the state and the private sector are defined. The role of levers of state regulation of PPP in the conditions of growing globalization and related objective and subjective factors of economic, political and social transformations and diversity of forms of ownership in a market economy is described. Theoretical developments of neo-Keynesianism, the concept of "public goods", neo-institutionalism, which initiated a mixed economy, and later the introduction of the principles of state partnership are determined. It is shown that in today's world practice the most common form of cooperation between the state and private business, which is used in the implementation of large projects, is a concession. The provisions of the Law of Ukraine "On Public and Private Partnership", which provided the organizational and legal framework for the interaction of state and business, as well as the basic principles of PPP on a contractual basis are analyzed. Examples of the experience of the European Union and rapidly developing countries have been identified and proposed for use. The place of big business, especially small enterprises in the processes as being characterized by flexibility and opportunities to easily adapt to changing market conditions is assessed. It is stated that in Ukraine the disparity in the status of private partners should be eliminated through the provision of additional legal and economic guarantees by the state. It is argued that in a situation of inadequate public administration, insufficient financial support, prosperity of corruption at this stage, a specific form of PPP needs special attention, although in the long run the institutional form is more long-lasting and perfect. It is proved that the introduction of mechanisms and types of social partnership as a component of public and private partnership in our country is interrelated with the level of consolidation of society, development strategy and the situation in economic growth.

The situation in the construction complex of the state and crisis phenomena in it are shown. It is proposed to return to the basic components of system management of the industry, lost due to spontaneous pseudo-market processes. Problems that need to be overcome are systematized, they are the following: attracting investments, increasing effective demand in the domestic market, strengthening the competitiveness of production, the predominance of innovative technologies, increasing the quality of products and facilities, bringing the legal framework to European standards, training of employees and managers. The state of the housing market, the importance of its openness, transparency, systematization and regulation are described. The special importance of the regulatory function of the state in the current situation is pointed out. The importance and role of comprehensive activities for housing construction economic growth is emphasized. The need to create conditions for increasing the volume of products sold under international agreements through investment and interstate projects is noted. The relationship between the results of the construction industry and the effective use of human capital is given, for which each company needs measures to improve work with staff, improve their skills, financial incentives and social security. The expediency of introducing the mechanism of energy service in construction, which is part of the management system with subsystems of planning, organization, regulation, motivation and control, is proved. The role of methods for evaluating the effectiveness of innovative activities of enterprises to ensure quality and effective management of production processes is analyzed. The information on development schemes of the organization at registration of the allowing documentation, financing, designing, market research, selection of participants, accounting, construction, property management is provided. The function of settlements' territories as separate objects at construction of inhabited premises is defined. Award on the need for construction and reconstruction of "sleeping" areas in cities, which requires significant investment, development of building structures, as well as established close relationships with industrial, commercial, cultural, entertainment and other facilities.

Theoretical and practical issues of forming and managing a team, or a small group, of software developers, are considered. Methodological and practical aspects of using the course "Group Dynamics and Communication" to form the basis for successful adaptation of future professionals in the team, taking into account cultural, linguistic, geographical. The decomposition of the team formation process is carried out, the initial conditions and output results at each stage are determined, the main tasks to be solved in the team formation process are formulated and it is expedient to include them in the student learning process. Criteria for assessing the factors influencing the team formation process are proposed and substantiated. These criteria should be used to assess the content and learning outcomes of students in the courses "Group Dynamics and Communication" and "Professional Practice of Software Engineering". Figs.: 1. Tabl.: 1. Refs.: 15 titles.Keywords: formation and management of the development team; group dynamics; communications; Software., Рассмотрены теоретические и практические вопросы формирования и управления командой, или малой группой разработчиков программного обеспечения. Проанализированы методические и практические аспекты использования курса "Групповая динамика и коммуникации" для формирования основы успешной адаптации будущих специалистов в составе команде с учетом культурных, языковых, географических. особенностей. Проведена декомпозиция процесса формирования команд, определены входные условия и выходные результаты на каждом этапе, сформулированы основные задачи, которые необходимо решать и целесообразно включать в процесс обучения студентов. Предложены и обоснованы критерии для оценки факторов, влияющих на процесс формирования команды. Эти критерии целесообразно использовать для оценки содержания и результатов обучения студентов в курсах "Групповая динамика и коммуникации" и "Профессиональная практика программной инженерии". Ил.: 1. Табл.: 1. Библиогр.: 15 названий.Ключевые слова: формирование и управление командой разработчиков; групповая динамика; коммуникации; программное обеспечение., Розглянуто теоретичні та практичні питання формування та керування командою, або малою групою розробників програмного забезпечення. Проаналізовано методичні та практичні аспекти використання курсу "Групова динаміка і комунікації" для формування підґрунтя успішної адаптації майбутніх фахівців у складі команди із урахуванням культурних, мовних, географічних особливостей. Проведено декомпозицію процесу формування команд, визначено вхідні умови та вихідні результати на кожному етапі, сформульовано основні задачі, які потрібно розв’язати та доцільно включати у процес навчання студентів. Запропоновано та обґрунтовано критерії для оцінки факторів, що впливають на процес формування команди. Ці критерії доцільно використовувати для оцінки змісту та результатів навчання студентів у курсах "Групова динаміка та комунікації" та "Професійна практика програмної інженерії". Іл.: 1. Табл.: 1. Бібліогр.: 15 назв.Ключові слова: формування та керування командою розробників; групова динаміка; комунікації; програмне забезпечення.

У статті надано сценарії вирішення житлових проблем та ступінь значення і розвитку будівництва на різних етапах функціонування суспільно-економічних формацій. З’ясовано світовий досвід державного регулювання спорудження соціального житла. Значну увагу приділено вирішенню цього питання в центральноєвропейських країнах та Казахстані. Проаналізовані будівельна галузь України та шляхи її модернізації, методи державного регулювання у разі настання кризових явищ, державні житлові програми, фінансові проблеми та підходи щодо їх вирішення. Підкреслено значущість інноваційного маркетингу, заощаджень населення як джерела інвестицій, забезпечення житлом у сільських місцевостях, орендного житла на світовому просторі та в Україні, реконструкції житлового фонду нашої держави. При цьому розглянуто проблеми й обґрунтовано вектори їх подолання у процесі управління житлово-комунальним господарством, державного регулювання комунальної власності в поселеннях міського типу.

У статті визначено сутність поняття та основні характеристики соціальної сфери України на етапі її трансформаційного поступу в умовах посилення глобалізації та європейського вектора зростання. З’ясовано роль матеріально-технічної бази як основи становлення соціальної моделі розвитку нашої держави, що має динамічний характер і відображає зміни в соціальній сфері, які повинні відповідати сьогоденним та майбутнім потребам. Проаналізовано ситуацію на сучасному етапі, коли в результаті подій на Сході країни, економічного спаду, політичних конфліктів, відсутності стабільності зростає чисельність громадян, які потребують допомоги від держави й можуть зберегти життєдіяльність тільки через отримання субсидій. Запропоновані заходи для покращення становища в соціальній сфері, які охоплюють збільшення повноважень об’єднаних територіальних громад, посилення ролі малих підприємств, діяльність на рівні регіонів і приміських територій, вирішення соціальних проблем села, реалізацію стратегії соціальної відповідальності бізнесу, розвиток соціального підприємництва.

Quartz crystal bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonators reached with unique characteristics that allow us to use them in both oscillators and filter schemes. Smart sensors based on BAW quartz crystal resonators used for pressure, humidity, and temperature measuring. To extend the functionality of such device sensors construction with a modulated inter-electrode gap used. Two basic designs for multicore BAW sensors with a modulated inter-electrode air- gap are developed and proved. The model to describe the parameters of the equivalent circuit of devices presented, and modeling carried out. The resulting devices have improved characteristics for special applications.

The increasing using of IoT technologies in the industrial sector creates new challenges for the information security of such systems. Using IoT-devices for building SCADA systems cause standard protocols and public networks for data transmitting. Commercial off-the-shelf devices and systems are a new base for industrial control systems, which have high-security risks. There are some useful models are exist for security analysis of information systems, but they do not take into account IoT architecture. The nested attributed metagraph model for the security of IoT-based solutions is proposed and discussed.

Актуальність теми дослідження. Розвинуті країни світу, спираючись на потужний інноваційний потенціал та розроблені методи впливу, бажають наростити свої переваги і отримані нагромадження. Це, а також слабка власна конкурентоспроможність, створює нові фактори ризику для багатьох держав, у тому числі України. Постановка проблеми. Доцільними є аналіз чинників, які формують загрози розвитку нашої держави, та окреслення заходів щодо мінімізації їх впливу. Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій. Результати вивчення проблем забезпечення економічної безпеки в Україні та світі висвітлено у працях О. С. Власюка, В. М. Гейця, В. П. Горбуліна, Т. С. Клебинової, В. А. Предборського, А. І. Семенченка, Г. П. Ситника та інших. Виділення недосліджених частин загальної проблеми. Враховуючи теоретичні та практичні здобутки напрацювань вчених, необхідно також зазначити, що багато проблем потребують подальшого вивчення. Постановка завдання. Метою статті є дослідження проблем економічної безпеки в Україні, та розробка рекомендацій у даному напрямку. Виклад основного матеріалу. У статті проведено аналіз з питань забезпечення економічної безпеки на сучасному етапі розвитку держави і суспільства. Охарактеризовано світовий досвід сьогодення, коли економіка все більше інтегрується у глобальні процеси. Досліджено внутрішні та зовнішні загрози економічній безпеці. Визначено основні завдання економічної безпеки в Україні. Висновки. Вагому роль у частині забезпечення економічної безпеки держави відіграють процеси інтеграції і глобалізації, що призводять до необхідності розробки власної моделі розвитку, яка гармонійно поєднується із зазначеними явищами і мінімізує наслідки криз в економіці. Зроблено висновок, що економічна безпека України є особливо складною і важливою категорією і потребує додаткових заходів інституційно-правового, економічного та інформаційно-аналітичного характеру.

Проаналізовано стан і динаміку розвитку аграрного сектору, оцінено його вплив на загальне економічне становище України. Визначено основні причини диспропорційного розвитку рослинництва і тваринництва та запропоновано заходи щодо ліквідації дестимулюючих факторів, які стримують темп зростання сектору. Досліджено роль малого бізнесу в кількісних і якісних показниках вітчизняних агропідприємств. Охарактеризовано діючу політику підтримки бізнесу та надані пропозиції щодо її вдосконалення.

The security models of computer and information systems, the components of which have access to network resources, are analyzed. A mathematical model is proposed for assessing the security of an information system based on the Internet of things (IoT) technologies in the form of an attribute metagraph. Based on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System v. 3.0, the impact of cyber threats on the components of a web-based SCADA-system was assessed. Figs.: 1. Refs.: 14 titles.Keywords: model; cybersecurity; metagraph; IoT; Common Vulnerability Scoring System; SCADA-system., Проанализированы модели безопасности компьютерных и информационных систем, компоненты которых имеют доступ к сетевым ресурсам. Предложена математическая модель для оценки безопасности информационной системы на основе технологий Интернета вещей (Internet of things, IoT) в виде атрибутивного метаграфа. На основе метрик Common Vulnerability Scoring System v. 3.0 проведена оценка влияния киберугроз на компоненты веб-ориентированной SCADA-системы. Ил. 1. Библиогр. 14 назв.Ключевые слова: модель; кибербезопасность; метаграф; IoT; Common Vulnerability Scoring System; SCADA-система., Проаналізовано моделі безпеки комп’ютерних та інформаційних систем, компоненти яких мають доступ до мережних ресурсів. Запропоновано математичну модель для оцінки безпеки інформаційної системи на основі технологій Інтернету речей (Internet of things, IoT) у вигляді атрибутивного метаграфу. На основі метрик Common Vulnerability Scoring System v. 3.0 проведено оцінку впливу кіберзагроз на компоненти веб-орієнтованої SCADA-системи. Іл. 1. Бібліогр. 14 назв.Ключові слова: модель; кібербезпека; мета граф; IoT; Common Vulnerability Scoring System; SCADA-система.

Recent years have been marked by the accelerated development of time domain astronomy, owing to the evolution of observational techniques in wide-field rapid optical and radio surveys, as well as the development of the computing resources and methods necessary to promptly interpret overwhelmingly rich observational data. In addition, new kinds of observatories dedicated to gravitational waves and neutrinos have reached a degree of maturity that has enabled breakthrough multi-messenger observations of previously undetected fundamental physical processes in space. Short and energetic events are generally easier to separate from the background than persistent sources, and this is why the first truly multi-messenger signals were also detected as transient events. The properties or even the very nature of many of the new classes of transient sources remain obscure: they are typically associated with peculiar supernovae, mergers of compact objects, or tidal disruption events. In order to decipher the complex physical processes at play in these exceptional systems, it is vital to collect exhaustive and diverse observations of the source, and in particular, observations in different energy bands. Among the most interesting, and yet the most challenging is the observation of the hard X-ray and gamma-ray emission: it often reveals a distinct emission component that points to the most dense and energetic regions at the heart of the source. The INTEGRAL spacecraft is especially well-equipped to observe unpredictable, short-lived, and energetic hard X-ray and gamma-ray transients. It carries a collection of detectors that monitor the entire sky with over 80% duty cycle and simultaneously perform deep and sensitive observations of a large sky region spanning 30x30 degrees. Interpreting the observations collected by these instruments is challenging, especially when the analysis has to be done with real-time efficiency, a critical element needed for the community follow-up of these often quickly fading transients. I will highlight recent pioneering observations of short energetic transients made with INTEGRAL. I will begin by discussing the observations of gamma-ray bursts, in particular in association with the gravitational wave events and high-energy neutrinos. Then, I will review how INTEGRAL observations of fast hard X-ray transients helps to reveal mechanisms at the core of the some of short energetic transients likely associated with the deaths of the massive stars. Finally, I will discuss how the recent discoveries in the domain of multi-messenger transients were made possible by a global effort to achieve a new degree of automation and interoperability.

Problem. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have become an integral part of modern society in the 21st century. The impact of these technologies on the development of humanity is ambiguous and assessed by experts from very positive to very negative often based on the same facts. The use of ICT in education is the subject of basic and practical research. Goal. The aim of the work is to analyze the requirements and develop a prototype curriculum for young children, which includes analysis of the task and the audiovisual component, development of the prototype at the level of the framework program, whose content may vary depending on the task. Methodology. The analytical methods of research were used for the development and application of training software. Results. The means for the implementation of a development application for young children were analyzed, taking into account the age characteristics of the perception of audiovisual content. The cognitive abilities of children of different age categories were analyzed. Based on the analysis of requirements, the architecture of the training application was developed and its prototype was implemented for working on mobile platforms. The set of IDEF0-diagrams for training applications for children from 2 up to 8–10 years of age was obtained. The prototype of training application was tested by a common task. Originality. All results were obtained based on the research of children’s learning problems. Practical value. The prototype of mobile software can be used for making specified applications not only for children.

Urgency of the research. The article covers the procedure of formation and implementation of organizational and economic mechanism of innovative network structures in engineering complex of Ukraine. The common issues of clustering are characterized. The stages of clustering are provided. The Realities of today are considered, where the objective need is a transition to a new organizational forms of interaction of industrial innovation structures in engineering activities, the most effective of which is the cluster approach. Target setting. It’s indicated that the mechanism of formation and functioning of innovative engineering cluster developed by authors appears due to difficult economic situation in the country. Cluster associations and the role of the Coordinating Council to manage innovative machine-building cluster summary are detailed. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. It is advisable to mention leading scientists in studying clustering in the post-Soviet countries: A. V. Voronov, A. S. Halchynskyi, L. M. Hanushchak, V. I. Zakharchenko, A. A. Myhranyan, M. V. Nikolayev. Especially should be mentioned S. I. Sokolenko, who made a significant contribution to the development of the network structures in Ukraine. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. It’s determined that the implementation of cluster policy promotes the competitiveness of products through the use of synergy members of the cluster. The research objective. Clusters - is one of the levers of the economy development. The mechanism of formation and functioning of these structures will become a beginning of resuscitation of enterprises of Ukraine. The statement of basic materials. The formation and development of clusters is an effective tool for attracting foreign direct investment and foreign economic revitalization integration. Conclusions.The inclusion of local clusters in global value chain can significantly raise the level of national technological base, increase the speed and quality of economic growth by strengthening the international competitiveness of companies that make up the cluster through the acquisition and implementation of new technologies, new equipment; getting businesses access to effective management and expertise; increasing opportunities on highly competitive international market

Astrophysical sources are now observed by many different instruments at different wavelengths, from radio to high-energy gamma-rays, with an unprecedented quality. Putting all these data together to form a coherent view, however, is a very difficult task. Each instrument has its own data format, software and analysis procedure, which are difficult to combine. It is for example very challenging to perform a broadband fit of the energy spectrum of the source. The Multi-Mission Maximum Likelihood framework (3ML) aims to solve this issue, providing a common framework which allows for a coherent modeling of sources using all the available data, independent of their origin. At the same time, thanks to its architecture based on plug-ins, 3ML uses the existing official software of each instrument for the corresponding data in a way which is transparent to the user. 3ML is based on the likelihood formalism, in which a model summarizing our knowledge about a particular region of the sky is convolved with the instrument response and compared to the corresponding data. The user can choose between a frequentist analysis, and a Bayesian analysis. In the former, parameters of the model are optimized in order to obtain the best match to the data (i.e., the maximum of the likelihood). In the latter, the priors specified by the user are used to build the posterior distribution, which is then sampled with Markov Chain Monte Carlo or Multinest. Our implementation of this idea is very flexible, allowing the study of point sources as well as extended sources with arbitrary spectra. We will review the problem we aim to solve, the 3ML concepts and its innovative potential., The 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC), 30 July-6 August, 2015, The Hague, The Netherlands

The dynamic Hartree-Fock theory with point-like interaction is used to calculate the speed of sound and damping factor of a zero-sound wave propagating in a degenerate Fermi gas. This wave propagates slower than Fermi velocity. It is shown, that if the interaction is weak and density is small, then the damping of such a wave can be small. A possibility of discovering such waves in ultracold Fermi gases is discussed.