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1. How to handle your neighbours´ conflict: Ethiopia´s relationships with Sudan and South Sudan

Author

Volkert M. Doop

Subjects
Etiopía, Sudán, Sudán del Sur, Cuerno de África, diplomacia, mediación de conflictos, mantenimiento de la paz, desarrollo económico, Río Nilo, International relations, JZ2-6530
Abstract

Las relaciones entre Etiopía y Sudán se han fundamentado históricamente en los objetivos domésticos de seguridad física, desarrollo económico y acceso a los recursos hídricos ofrecidos por el Nilo. Aparte de ser un país vecino de gran importancia, y a pesar de una historia tumultuosa, Etiopía ha desarrollado unas fuertes conexiones con las élites tanto de Khartum como de Juba. De manera a promover la seguridad y el desarrollo económico en Etiopía y en toda la región, fue incrementando su perfil diplomático a través de la IGAD, la UA y la ONU y a través de una labor diplomática independiente. La secesión de Sudán del Sur y el fin del largo gobierno del primer ministro etíope Melees Zenawi han sido los catalizadores más recientes para reinventar la relación de Etiopía hacia la región y así prevenir toda inestabilidad que pudiese amenazar el desarrollo nacional.

Published
2013

2. Intrinsic limits on resolutions in muon- and electron-neutrino charged-current events in the KM3NeT/ORCA detector

Author

Adrián-Martínez, S., Ageron, M., Aiello, S., Albert, A., Ameli, F., Anassontzis, E. G., Andre, M., Androulakis, G., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Avgitas, T., Barbarino, G., Barbarito, E., Baret, B., Barrios-Martí, J., Belias, A., Berbee, E., Berg, A. van den, Bertin, V., Beurthey, S., van Beveren, V., Beverini, N., Biagi, S., Biagioni, A., Billault, M., Bondì, M., Bormuth, R., Bouhadef, B., Bourlis, G., Bourret, S., Boutonnet, C., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Buis, E., Buompane, R., Busto, J., Cacopardo, G., Caillat, L., Calamai, M., Calvo, D., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Cecchini, S., Celli, S., Champion, C., Cherubini, S., Chiarella, V., Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Classen, L., Cobas, D., Cocimano, R., Coelho, J. A. B., Coleiro, A., Colonges, S., Coniglione, R., Cordelli, M., Cosquer, A., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Cuttone, G., D'Amato, C., D'Amico, A., D'Onofrio, A., De Bonis, G., De Sio, C., Di Palma, I., Díaz, A. F., Distefano, C., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q., Drakopoulou, E., Drouhin, D., Durocher, M., Eberl, T., Eichie, S., van Eijk, D., Bojaddaini, I. El, Elsaesser, D., Enzenhöfer, A., Favaro, M., Fermani, P., Ferrara, G., Frascadore, G., Fusco, L. A., Gal, T., Galatà, S., Garufi, F., Gay, P., Gebyehu, M., Giacomini, F., Gialanella, L., Giordano, V., Gizani, N., Gracia, R., Graf, K., Grégoire, T., Grella, G., Grmek, A., Habel, R., Hallmann, S., van Haren, H., Harissopulos, S., Heid, T., Heijboer, A., Heine, E., Henry, S., Hernández-Rey, J. J., Hevinga, M., Hofestädt, J., Hugon, C. M. F., Illuminati, G., James, C. W., Jansweijer, P., Jongen, M., de Jong, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Kappes, A., Katz, U. F., Keller, P., Kieft, G., Kießling, D., Koffeman, E. N., Kooijman, P., Kouchner, A., Kreter, M., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Lamare, P., Larosa, G., Leisos, A., Leone, F., Leonora, E., Clark, M. Lindsey, Liolios, A., Alvarez, C. D. Llorens, Presti, D. Lo, Löhner, H., Lonardo, A., Lotze, M., Loucatos, S., Maccioni, E., Mannheim, K., Manzali, M., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Mariş, O., Markou, C., Martínez-Mora, J. A., Martini, A., Marzaioli, F., Mele, R., Melis, K. W., Michael, T., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Mijakowski, P., Miraglia, A., Mollo, C. M., Mongelli, M., Morganti, M., Moussa, A., Musico, P., Musumeci, M., Navas, S., Nicolau, C. A., Olcina, I., Olivetto, C., Orlando, A., Orzelli, A., Papaikonomou, A., Papaleo, R., Păvălaş, G. E., Peek, H., Pellegrini, G., Pellegrino, C., Perrina, C., Pfutzner, M., Piattelli, P., Pikounis, K., Pleinert, M. -O., Poma, G. E., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Pratolongo, F., Pühlhofer, G., Pulvirenti, S., Quinn, L., Racca, C., Raffaelli, F., Randazzo, N., Rauch, T., Real, D., Resvanis, L., Reubelt, J., Riccobene, G., Rossi, C., Rovelli, A., Saldaña, M., Salvadori, I., Samtleben, D. F. E., García, A. Sánchez, Losa, A. Sánchez, Sanguineti, M., Santangelo, A., Santonocito, D., Sapienza, P., Schimmel, F., Schmelling, J., Schnabel, J., Sciacca, V., Sedita, M., Seitz, T., Sgura, I., Simeone, F., Sipala, V., Spisso, B., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, G., Steijger, J., Stellacci, S. M., Stransky, D., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Terrasi, F., Tézier, D., Theraube, S., Timmer, P., Tönnis, C., Trasatti, L., Travaglini, R., Trovato, A., Tsirigotis, A., Tzamarias, S., Tzamariudaki, E., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Vermeulen, J., Vicini, P., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Volkert, M., Wiggers, L., Wilms, J., de Wolf, E., Zachariadou, K., Zornoza, J. D., and Zúñiga, J.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

Studying atmospheric neutrino oscillations in the few-GeV range with a multimegaton detector promises to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy. This is the main science goal pursued by the future KM3NeT/ORCA water Cherenkov detector in the Mediterranean Sea. In this paper, the processes that limit the obtainable resolution in both energy and direction in charged-current neutrino events in the ORCA detector are investigated. These processes include the composition of the hadronic fragmentation products, the subsequent particle propagation and the photon-sampling fraction of the detector. GEANT simulations of neutrino interactions in seawater produced by GENIE are used to study the effects in the 1 - 20 GeV range. It is found that fluctuations in the hadronic cascade in conjunction with the variation of the inelasticity y are most detrimental to the resolutions. The effect of limited photon sampling in the detector is of significantly less importance. These results will therefore also be applicable to similar detectors/media, such as those in ice., Comment: 37 pages, 28 figures, JHEP published version

Published
2016
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3. Letter of Intent for KM3NeT 2.0

Author

Adrián-Martínez, S., Ageron, M., Aharonian, F., Aiello, S., Albert, A., Ameli, F., Anassontzis, E., Andre, M., Androulakis, G., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Avgitas, T., Barbarino, G., Barbarito, E., Baret, B., Barrios-Martí, J., Belhorma, B., Belias, A., Berbee, E., Berg, A. van den, Bertin, V., Beurthey, S., van Beveren, V., Beverini, N., Biagi, S., Biagioni, A., Billault, M., Bond, M., Bormuth, R., Bouhadef, B., Bourlis, G., Bourret, S., Boutonnet, C., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Buis, E., Busto, J., Cacopardo, G., Caillat, L., Calamai, M., Calvo, D., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Cecchini, S., Celli, S., Champion, C., Moursli, R. Cherkaoui El, Cherubini, S., Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Classen, L., Cocimano, R., Coelho, J. A. B., Coleiro, A., Colonges, S., Coniglione, R., Cordelli, M., Cosquer, A., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Cuttone, G., D'Amico, A., De Bonis, G., De Rosa, G., De Sio, C., Di Capua, F., Di Palma, I., García, A. F. Díaz, Distefano, C., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q., Drakopoulou, E., Drouhin, D., Drury, L., Durocher, M., Eberl, T., Eichie, S., van Eijk, D., Bojaddaini, I. El, Khayati, N. El, Elsaesser, D., Enzenhöfer, A., Fassi, F., Favali, P., Fermani, P., Ferrara, G., Frascadore, G., Filippidis, C., Fusco, L. A., Gal, T., Galatà, S., Garufi, F., Gay, P., Gebyehu, M., Giordano, V., Gizani, N., Gracia, R., Graf, K., Grégoire, T., Grella, G., Habel, R., Hallmann, S., van Haren, H., Harissopulos, S., Heid, T., Heijboer, A., Heine, E., Henry, S., Hernández-Rey, J. J., Hevinga, M., Hofestädt, J., Hugon, C. M. F., Illuminati, G., James, C. W., Jansweijer, P., Jongen, M., de Jong, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Kappes, A., Katz, U. F., Keller, P., Kieft, G., Kießling, D., Koffeman, E. N., Kooijman, P., Kouchner, A., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Lamare, P., Leisos, A., Leonora, E., Clark, M. Lindsey, Liolios, A., Alvarez, C. D. Llorens, Presti, D. Lo, Löhner, H., Lonardo, A., Lotze, M., Loucatos, S., Maccioni, E., Mannheim, K., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Mariş, O., Markou, C., Martínez-Mora, J. A., Martini, A., Mele, R., Melis, K. W., Michael, T., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Mijakowski, P., Miraglia, A., Mollo, C. M., Mongelli, M., Morganti, M., Moussa, A., Musico, P., Musumeci, M., Navas, S., Nicolau, C. A., Olcina, I., Olivetto, C., Orlando, A., Papaikonomou, A., Papaleo, R., Păvălaş, G. E., Peek, H., Pellegrino, C., Perrina, C., Pfutzner, M., Piattelli, P., Pikounis, K., Poma, G. E., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Pratolongo, F., Pühlhofer, G., Pulvirenti, S., Quinn, L., Racca, C., Raffaelli, F., Randazzo, N., Rapidis, P., Razis, P., Real, D., Resvanis, L., Reubelt, J., Riccobene, G., Rossi, C., Rovelli, A., Saldaña, M., Salvadori, I., Samtleben, D. F. E., García, A. Sánchez, Losa, A. Sánchez, Sanguineti, M., Santangelo, A., Santonocito, D., Sapienza, P., Schimmel, F., Schmelling, J., Sciacca, V., Sedita, M., Seitz, T., Sgura, I., Simeone, F., Siotis, I., Sipala, V., Spisso, B., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, G., Steijger, J., Stellacci, S. M., Stransky, D., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Tézier, D., Theraube, S., Thompson, L., Timmer, P., Tönnis, C., Trasatti, L., Trovato, A., Tsirigotis, A., Tzamarias, S., Tzamariudaki, E., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Vermeulen, J., Vicini, P., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Volkert, M., Voulgaris, G., Wiggers, L., Wilms, J., de Wolf, E., Zachariadou, K., Zornoza, J. D., and Zúñiga, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The main objectives of the KM3NeT Collaboration are i) the discovery and subsequent observation of high-energy neutrino sources in the Universe and ii) the determination of the mass hierarchy of neutrinos. These objectives are strongly motivated by two recent important discoveries, namely: 1) The high-energy astrophysical neutrino signal reported by IceCube and 2) the sizable contribution of electron neutrinos to the third neutrino mass eigenstate as reported by Daya Bay, Reno and others. To meet these objectives, the KM3NeT Collaboration plans to build a new Research Infrastructure consisting of a network of deep-sea neutrino telescopes in the Mediterranean Sea. A phased and distributed implementation is pursued which maximises the access to regional funds, the availability of human resources and the synergetic opportunities for the earth and sea sciences community. Three suitable deep-sea sites are identified, namely off-shore Toulon (France), Capo Passero (Italy) and Pylos (Greece). The infrastructure will consist of three so-called building blocks. A building block comprises 115 strings, each string comprises 18 optical modules and each optical module comprises 31 photo-multiplier tubes. Each building block thus constitutes a 3-dimensional array of photo sensors that can be used to detect the Cherenkov light produced by relativistic particles emerging from neutrino interactions. Two building blocks will be configured to fully explore the IceCube signal with different methodology, improved resolution and complementary field of view, including the Galactic plane. One building block will be configured to precisely measure atmospheric neutrino oscillations., Comment: 119 pages, published version, revised Eq. 6, 7

Published
2016
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4. Candidate hypervelocity stars of spectral type G and K revisited

Author

Ziegerer, E., Volkert, M., Heber, U., Irrgang, A., Gaensicke, B. T., and Geier, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Hypervelocity stars (HVS) move so fast that they are unbound to the Galaxy. When they were first discovered in 2005, dynamical ejection from the supermassive black hole (SMBH) in the Galactic Centre (GC) was suggested as their origin. The two dozen HVSs known today are young massive B stars, mostly of 3-4 solar masses. Recently, 20 HVS candidates of low mass were discovered in the Segue G and K dwarf sample, but none of them originates from the GC. We embarked on a kinematic analysis of the Segue HVS candidate sample using the full 6D phase space information based on new proper motion measurements. Their orbital properties can then be derived by tracing back their trajectories in different mass models of our Galaxy. We present the results for 14 candidate HVSs, for which proper motion measurements were possible. Significantly lower proper motions than found in the previous study were derived. Considering three different Galactic mass models we find that all stars are bound to the Galaxy. We confirm that the stars do not originate from the GC. The distribution of their proper motions and radial velocities is consistent with predictions for runaway stars ejected from the Galactic disk by the binary supernova mechanism. However, their kinematics are also consistent with old disk membership. Moreover, most stars have rather low metallicities and strong $\alpha$-element enrichment as typical for thick disk and halo stars, whereas the metallicity of the three most metal-rich stars could possibly indicate that they are runaway stars from the thin disk. One star shows halo kinematics., Comment: A&A letter accepted

Published
2015
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5. Intrinsic limits on resolutions in muon- and electron-neutrino charged-current events in the KM3NeT/ORCA detector

Author

Adrián-Martínez, S., Ageron, M., Aiello, S., Albert, A., Ameli, F., Anassontzis, E. G., Andre, M., Androulakis, G., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Avgitas, T., Barbarino, G., Barbarito, E., Baret, B., Barrios-Mart, J., Belias, A., Berbee, E., van den Berg, A., Bertin, V., Beurthey, S., van Beveren, V., Beverini, N., Biagi, S., Biagioni, A., Billault, M., Bondì, M., Bormuth, R., Bouhadef, B., Bourlis, G., Bourret, S., Boutonnet, C., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Buis, E., Buompane, R., Busto, J., Cacopardo, G., Caillat, L., Calamai, M., Calvo, D., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Cecchini, S., Celli, S., Champion, C., Cherubini, S., Chiarella, V., Chiarelli, L., Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Classen, L., Cobas, D., Cocimano, R., Coelho, J. A. B., Coleiro, A., Colonges, S., Coniglione, R., Cordelli, M., Cosquer, A., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Cuttone, G., D’Amato, C., D’Amico, A., D’Onofrio, A., De Bonis, G., De Sio, C., Di Palma, I., Díaz, A. F., Distefano, C., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q., Drakopoulou, E., Drouhin, D., Durocher, M., Eberl, T., Eichie, S., van Eijk, D., El Bojaddaini, I., Elsaesser, D., Enzenhöfer, A., Favaro, M., Fermani, P., Ferrara, G., Frascadore, G., Furini, M., Fusco, L. A., Gal, T., Galatà, S., Garufi, F., Gay, P., Gebyehu, M., Giacomini, F., Gialanella, L., Giordano, V., Gizani, N., Gracia, R., Graf, K., Grégoire, T., Grella, G., Grmek, A., Guerzoni, M., Habel, R., Hallmann, S., van Haren, H., Harissopulos, S., Heid, T., Heijboer, A., Heine, E., Henry, S., Hernández-Rey, J. J., Hevinga, M., Hofestädt, J., Hugon, C. M. F., Illuminati, G., James, C. W., Jansweijerf, P., Jongen, M., de Jong, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Kappes, A., Katz, U. F., Keller, P., Kieft, G., Kießling, D., Koffeman, E. N., Kooijman, P., Kouchner, A., Kreter, M., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Lamare, P., Larosa, G., Leisos, A., Leone, F., Leonora, E., Lindsey Clark, M., Liolios, A., Llorens Alvarez, C. D., Lo Presti, D., Löhner, H., Lonardo, A., Lotze, M., Loucatos, S., Maccioni, E., Mannheim, K., Manzali, M., Margiotta, A., Margotti, A., Marinelli, A., Maris, O., Markou, C., Martínez-Mora, J. A., Martini, A., Marzaioli, F., Mele, R., Melis, K. W., Michael, T., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Mijakowski, P., Miraglia, A., Mollo, C. M., Mongelli, M., Morganti, M., Moussa, A., Musico, P., Musumeci, M., Navas, S., Nicolau, C. A., Olcina, I., Olivetto, C., Orlando, A., Orzelli, A., Pancaldi, G., Papaikonomou, A., Papaleo, R., Păvălas, G. E., Peek, H., Pellegrini, G., Pellegrino, C., Perrina, C., Pfutzner, M., Piattelli, P., Pikounis, K., Pleinert, M.-O., Poma, G. E., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Pratolongo, F., Pühlhofer, G., Pulvirenti, S., Quinn, L., Racca, C., Raffaelli, F., Randazzo, N., Rauch, T., Real, D., Resvanis, L., Reubelt, J., Riccobene, G., Rossi, C., Rovelli, A., Saldaña, M., Salvadori, I., Samtleben, D. F. E., Sánchez García, A., Sánchez Losa, A., Sanguineti, M., Santangelo, A., Santonocito, D., Sapienza, P., Schimmel, F., Schmelling, J., Schnabel, J., Sciacca, V., Sedita, M., Seitz, T., Sgura, I., Simeone, F., Sipala, V., Spisso, B., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, G., Steijger, J., Stellacci, S. M., Stransky, D., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Terrasi, F., Tézier, D., Theraube, S., Timmer, P., Tönnis, C., Trasatti, L., Travaglini, R., Trovato, A., Tsirigotis, A., Tzamarias, S., Tzamariudaki, E., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Vermeulen, J., Versari, F., Vicini, P., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Volkert, M., Wiggers, L., Wilms, J., de Wolf, E., Zachariadou, K., Zani, S., Zornoza, J. D., Zúñiga, J., and The KM3NeT collaboration

Published
2017
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6. Characterisation of the Hamamatsu photomultipliers for the KM3NeT Neutrino Telescope

Author

Aiello, S. Akrame, S.E. Ameli, F. Anassontzis, E.G. Andre, M. Androulakis, G. Anghinolfi, M. Anton, G. Ardid, M. Aublin, J. Avgitas, T. Baars, M. Bagatelas, C. Barbarino, G. Baret, B. Barrios-Martí, J. Belias, A. Berbee, E. Berg, A.V.D. Bertin, V. Biagi, S. Biagioni, A. Biernoth, C. Bormuth, R. Boumaaza, J. Bourret, S. Bouwhuis, M. Bozza, C. Branzaş, H. Briukhanova, N. Bruijn, R. Brunner, J. Buis, E. Buompane, R. Busto, J. Calvo, D. Capone, A. Caramete, L. Celli, S. Chabab, M. Cherubini, S. Chiarella, V. Chiarusi, T. Circella, M. Cocimano, R. Coelho, J.A.B. Coleiro, A. Molla, M.C. Coniglione, R. Coyle, P. Creusot, A. Cuttone, G. D'Onofrio, A. Dallier, R. Sio, C.D. Palma, I.D. Díaz, A.F. Distefano, C. Domi, A. Donà, R. Donzaud, C. Dornic, D. Dörr, M. Durocher, M. Eberl, T. Eijk, D.V. Bojaddaini, I.E. Elsaesser, D. Enzenhöfer, A. Ferrara, G. Fusco, L.A. Gal, T. Garufi, F. Gauchery, S. Geißelsöder, S. Gialanella, L. Giorgio, E. Giuliante, A. Gozzini, S.R. Ruiz, R.G. Graf, K. Grasso, D. Grégoire, T. Grella, G. Hallmann, S. Haren, H.V. Heid, T. Heijboer, A. Hekalo, A. Hernández-Rey, J.J. Hofestädt, J. Illuminati, G. James, C.W. Jongen, M. Jongewaard, B. De Jong, M. De Jong, P. Kadler, M. Kalaczyński, P. Kalekin, O. Katz, U.F. Chowdhury, N.R.K. Kieft, G. Kießling, D. Koffeman, E.N. Kooijman, P. Kouchner, A. Kreter, M. Kulikovskiy, V. Lahmann, R. Breton, R.L. Leone, F. Leonora, E. Levi, G. Lincetto, M. Lonardo, A. Longhitano, F. Lotze, M. Loucatos, S. Maggi, G. Mańczak, J. Mannheim, K. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, A. Markou, C. Martin, L. Martínez-Mora, J.A. Martini, A. Marzaioli, F. Mele, R. Melis, K.W. Migliozzi, P. Migneco, E. Mijakowski, P. Miranda, L.S. Mollo, C.M. Morganti, M. Moser, M. Moussa, A. Muller, R. Musumeci, M. Nauta, L. Navas, S. Nicolau, C.A. Nielsen, C. Organokov, M. Orlando, A. Panagopoulos, V. Papalashvili, G. Papaleo, R. Pǎvǎlaş, G.E. Pellegrini, G. Pellegrino, C. Pérez Romero, J. Perrin-Terrin, M. Piattelli, P. Pikounis, K. Pisanti, O. Poirè, C. Polydefki, G. Poma, G.E. Popa, V. Post, M. Pradier, T. Pühlhofer, G. Pulvirenti, S. Quinn, L. Raffaelli, F. Randazzo, N. Razzaque, S. Real, D. Resvanis, L. Reubelt, J. Riccobene, G. Richer, M. Rovelli, A. Salvadori, I. Samtleben, D.F.E. Sánchez Losa, A. Sanguineti, M. Santangelo, A. Sapienza, P. Schermer, B. Sciacca, V. Seneca, J. Sgura, I. Shanidze, R. Sharma, A. Simeone, F. Sinopoulou, A. Spisso, B. Spurio, M. Stavropoulos, D. Steijger, J. Stellacci, S.M. Strandberg, B. Stransky, D. Stüven, T. Taiuti, M. Tatone, F. Tayalati, Y. Tenllado, E. Thakore, T. Timmer, P. Trovato, A. Tsagkli, S. Tzamariudaki, E. Tzanetatos, D. Valieri, C. Vallage, B. Elewyck, V.V. Versari, F. Viola, S. Vivolo, D. Volkert, M. De Waardt, L. Wilms, J. De Wolf, E. Zaborov, D. Zornoza, J.D. Zuniga, J.

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Hamamatsu R12199-02 3-inch photomultiplier tube is the photodetector chosen for the first phase of the KM3NeT neutrino telescope. About 7000 photomultipliers have been characterised for dark count rate, timing spread and spurious pulses. The quantum efficiency, the gain and the peak-to-valley ratio have also been measured for a sub-sample in order to determine parameter values needed as input to numerical simulations of the detector. © 2018 The Author(s).

Published
2018

7. Characterisation of the Hamamatsu photomultipliers for the KM3NeT Neutrino Telescope

Author

Aiello, S., Akrame, S.E., Amélineau, F., Anassontzis, E.G., Andre, M., Androulakis, G., Anghinolfi, Anton, G., Ardid, M., Aublin, J., Avgitas, T., Baars, M., Bagatelas, C., Barbarino, G., Baret, B., Barrios-Martí, J., Belias, A., Berbee, E., van den Berg, A., Bertin, V., Biagi, S., Biagioni, A., Biernoth, C., Bormuth, R., Boumaaza, J., Bourret, S., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Brânzas, H., Briukhanova, N., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Buis, E., Buompane, R, Busto, J., Calvo, D., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Celli, S., Chabab, M., Cherubini, S., Chiarella, V., Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Cocimano, R., Coelho, J.A.B., Coleiro, A., Molla, M.C., Coniglione, R., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Cuttone, G., D’Onofrio, A., Dallier, R., De Sio, C., Di Palma, I., Díaz, A.F., Distefano, C., Domi, A., Donà, R., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Dörr, M., Durocher, M., Eberl, T., Van Eijk, D., El Bojaddaini, I., Elsaesser, D., Enzenhöfer, A., Ferrara, G., Fusco, L.A., Gal, T., Garufi, F., Gauchery, S., Geißelsöder, S., Gialanella, L., Giorgio, E., Giuliante, A., Gozzini, S.R., Gracia-Ruiz, R., Graf, K., Grasso, D., Grégoire, T., Grella, G., Hallmann, S., van Haren, H., Heid, T., Heijboer, A., Hekalo, A., Hernandez-Rey, J.J., Hofestädt, J., Illuminati, G., James, C.W., Jongen, M., Jongewaard, B., de Jong, M., de Jong, P., Kadler, M., Kalaczynski, P., Kalekin, O., Katz, U.F., Khan Chowdhury, N.R., Kieft, G., Kießling, D., Koffeman, E.N., Kooijman, P., Kouchner, A., Kreter, M., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Le Breton, A., Leone, F., Leonora, E., Levi, G., Lincetto, M., Lonardo, A., Longhitano, F., Lotze, M., Loucatos, S., Maggi, G., Manczak, J., Mannheim, K., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Markou, C., Martin, L., Martínez-Mora, J.A., Martini, A., Marzaioli, F., Mele, R., Melis, K.W., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Mijakowski, P., Mollo, C.M., Morganti, M., Moser, M., Moussa, A., Muller, R., Musumeci, M., Nauta, L., Navas, S., Nicolau, C.A., Nielsen, C., Organokov, M., Orlando, A., Panagopoulos, V., Papalashvili, G., Papaleo, R., Pavalas, G.E., Pellegrini, G., Pellegrino, C., Pérez Romero, J., Perrin-Terrin, M., Piattelli, P., Pikounis, K., Pisanti, O., Poirè, C., Polydefki, G., Poma, G.E., Popa, V., Post, M., Pradier, T., Pühlhofer, G., Pulvirenti, S., Quinn, L., Raffaelli, F., Randazzo, N., Razzaque, S., Real, D., Resvanis, L., Reubelt, J., Riccobene, G., Richer, M., Rovelli, A., Salvadori, I., Samtleben, D.F.E., Sánchez-Losa, A., Sanguineti, M., Santangelo, A., Sapienza, P., Schermer, B., Sciacca, V., Seneca, J., Sgura, I., Shanidze, R., Sharma, A., Simeone, F., Sinopoulou, A., Spisso, B., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, D., Steijger, J., Stellacci, S.M., Strandberg, B., Stransky, D., Stüven, T., Taiuti, M., Tatone, F., Tayalati, Y., Tenllado, E., Thakore, T., Timmer, P., Trovato, A., Tsagkli, S., Tzamariudaki, E., Tzanetatos, D., Valieri, C., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Versari, F., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Volkert, M., de Waardt, L., Wilms, J., de Wolf, E., Zaborov, D., Zornoza, J.D., Zúñiga, J., Aiello, S., Akrame, S.E., Amélineau, F., Anassontzis, E.G., Andre, M., Androulakis, G., Anghinolfi, Anton, G., Ardid, M., Aublin, J., Avgitas, T., Baars, M., Bagatelas, C., Barbarino, G., Baret, B., Barrios-Martí, J., Belias, A., Berbee, E., van den Berg, A., Bertin, V., Biagi, S., Biagioni, A., Biernoth, C., Bormuth, R., Boumaaza, J., Bourret, S., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Brânzas, H., Briukhanova, N., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Buis, E., Buompane, R, Busto, J., Calvo, D., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Celli, S., Chabab, M., Cherubini, S., Chiarella, V., Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Cocimano, R., Coelho, J.A.B., Coleiro, A., Molla, M.C., Coniglione, R., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Cuttone, G., D’Onofrio, A., Dallier, R., De Sio, C., Di Palma, I., Díaz, A.F., Distefano, C., Domi, A., Donà, R., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Dörr, M., Durocher, M., Eberl, T., Van Eijk, D., El Bojaddaini, I., Elsaesser, D., Enzenhöfer, A., Ferrara, G., Fusco, L.A., Gal, T., Garufi, F., Gauchery, S., Geißelsöder, S., Gialanella, L., Giorgio, E., Giuliante, A., Gozzini, S.R., Gracia-Ruiz, R., Graf, K., Grasso, D., Grégoire, T., Grella, G., Hallmann, S., van Haren, H., Heid, T., Heijboer, A., Hekalo, A., Hernandez-Rey, J.J., Hofestädt, J., Illuminati, G., James, C.W., Jongen, M., Jongewaard, B., de Jong, M., de Jong, P., Kadler, M., Kalaczynski, P., Kalekin, O., Katz, U.F., Khan Chowdhury, N.R., Kieft, G., Kießling, D., Koffeman, E.N., Kooijman, P., Kouchner, A., Kreter, M., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Le Breton, A., Leone, F., Leonora, E., Levi, G., Lincetto, M., Lonardo, A., Longhitano, F., Lotze, M., Loucatos, S., Maggi, G., Manczak, J., Mannheim, K., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Markou, C., Martin, L., Martínez-Mora, J.A., Martini, A., Marzaioli, F., Mele, R., Melis, K.W., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Mijakowski, P., Mollo, C.M., Morganti, M., Moser, M., Moussa, A., Muller, R., Musumeci, M., Nauta, L., Navas, S., Nicolau, C.A., Nielsen, C., Organokov, M., Orlando, A., Panagopoulos, V., Papalashvili, G., Papaleo, R., Pavalas, G.E., Pellegrini, G., Pellegrino, C., Pérez Romero, J., Perrin-Terrin, M., Piattelli, P., Pikounis, K., Pisanti, O., Poirè, C., Polydefki, G., Poma, G.E., Popa, V., Post, M., Pradier, T., Pühlhofer, G., Pulvirenti, S., Quinn, L., Raffaelli, F., Randazzo, N., Razzaque, S., Real, D., Resvanis, L., Reubelt, J., Riccobene, G., Richer, M., Rovelli, A., Salvadori, I., Samtleben, D.F.E., Sánchez-Losa, A., Sanguineti, M., Santangelo, A., Sapienza, P., Schermer, B., Sciacca, V., Seneca, J., Sgura, I., Shanidze, R., Sharma, A., Simeone, F., Sinopoulou, A., Spisso, B., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, D., Steijger, J., Stellacci, S.M., Strandberg, B., Stransky, D., Stüven, T., Taiuti, M., Tatone, F., Tayalati, Y., Tenllado, E., Thakore, T., Timmer, P., Trovato, A., Tsagkli, S., Tzamariudaki, E., Tzanetatos, D., Valieri, C., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Versari, F., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Volkert, M., de Waardt, L., Wilms, J., de Wolf, E., Zaborov, D., Zornoza, J.D., and Zúñiga, J.

Abstract

The Hamamatsu R12199-02 3-inch photomultiplier tube is the photodetector chosen for the first phase of the KM3NeT neutrino telescope. About 7000 photomultipliers have been characterised for dark count rate, timing spread and spurious pulses. The quantum efficiency, the gain and the peak-to-valley ratio have also been measured for a sub-sample in order to determine parameter values needed as input to numerical simulations of the detector.

Published
2018

8. Intrinsic limits on resolutions in muon- and electron-neutrino charged-current events in the KM3NeT/ORCA detector

Author

Adrián Martínez, S., Ageron, M., Aiello, S., Albert, A., Ameli, F., Anassontzis, E. G., Andre, M., Androulakis, G., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Avgitas, T., Barbarino, G., Barbarito, E., Baret, B., Barrios Martí, J., Belias, A., Berbee, E., van den Berg, A., Bertin, V., Beurthey, S., van Beveren, V., Beverini, N., Biagi, S., Biagioni, A., Billault, M., Bondì, M., Bormuth, R., Bouhadef, B., Bourlis, G., Bourret, S., Boutonnet, C., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Buis, E., Buompane, R., Busto, J., Cacopardo, G., Caillat, L., Calamai, M., Calvo, D., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Cecchini, S., Celli, S., Champion, C., Cherubini, S., Chiarella, V., Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Classen, L., Cobas, D., Cocimano, R., Coelho, J. A. B., Coleiro, A., Colonges, S., Coniglione, R., Cordelli, M., Cosquer, A., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Cuttone, G., D'Amato, C., D'Amico, A., D'Onofrio, A., De Bonis, G., De Sio, C., Di Palma, I., Díaz, A. F., Distefano, C., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Dorosti Hasankiadeh, Q., Drakopoulou, E., Drouhin, D., Durocher, M., Eberl, T., Eichie, S., van Eijk, D., El Bojaddaini, I., Elsaesser, D., Enzenhöfer, A., Favaro, Matteo, Fermani, P., Ferrara, G., Frascadore, G., Fusco, L. A., Gal, T., Galatà, S., Garufi, F., Gay, P., Gebyehu, M., Giacomini, F., Gialanella, L., Giordano, V., Gizani, N., Gracia, R., Graf, K., Grégoire, T., Grella, G., Grmek, A., Habel, R., Hallmann, S., van Haren, H., Harissopulos, S., Heid, T., Heijboer, A., Heine, E., Henry, S., Hernández Rey, J. J., Hevinga, M., Hofestädt, J., Hugon, C. M. F., Illuminati, G., James, C. W., Jansweijer, P., Jongen, M., de Jong, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Kappes, A., Katz, U. F., Keller, P., Kieft, G., Kießling, D., Koffeman, E. N., Kooijman, P., Kouchner, A., Kreter, M., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Lamare, P., Larosa, G., Leisos, A., Leone, F., Leonora, E., Lindsey Clark, M., Liolios, A., Llorens Alvarez, C. D., Lo Presti, D., Löhner, H., Lonardo, A., Lotze, M., Loucatos, S., Maccioni, E., Mannheim, K., Manzali, Matteo, Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Mariş, O., Markou, C., Martínez Mora, J. A., Martini, A., Marzaioli, F., Mele, R., Melis, K. W., Michael, T., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Mijakowski, P., Miraglia, A., Mollo, C. M., Mongelli, M., Morganti, M., Moussa, A., Musico, P., Musumeci, M., Navas, S., Nicolau, C. A., Olcina, I., Olivetto, C., Orlando, A., Orzelli, A., Papaikonomou, A., Papaleo, R., Păvălaş, G. E., Peek, H., Pellegrini, G., Pellegrino, C., Perrina, C., Pfutzner, M., Piattelli, P., Pikounis, K., Pleinert, M. O., Poma, G. E., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Pratolongo, F., Pühlhofer, G., Pulvirenti, S., Quinn, L., Racca, C., Raffaelli, F., Randazzo, N., Rauch, T., Real, D., Resvanis, L., Reubelt, J., Riccobene, G., Rossi, C., Rovelli, A., Saldaña, M., Salvadori, I., Samtleben, D. F. E., Sánchez García, A., Sánchez Losa, A., Sanguineti, M., Santangelo, A., Santonocito, D., Sapienza, P., Schimmel, F., Schmelling, J., Schnabel, J., Sciacca, V., Sedita, M., Seitz, T., Sgura, I., Simeone, F., Sipala, V., Spisso, B., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, G., Steijger, J., Stellacci, S. M., Stransky, D., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Terrasi, F., Tézier, D., Theraube, S., Timmer, P., Tönnis, C., Trasatti, L., Travaglini, R., Trovato, A., Tsirigotis, A., Tzamarias, S., Tzamariudaki, E., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Vermeulen, J., Vicini, P., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Volkert, M., Wiggers, L., Wilms, J., de Wolf, E., Zachariadou, K., Zornoza, J. D., and Zúñiga, J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, NO
Published
2017

9. Intrinsic limits on resolutions in muon- and electron-neutrino charged-current events in the KM3NeT/ORCA detector

Author

Adrian-Martinez, S. Ageron, M. Aiello, S. Albert, A. and Ameli, F. Anassontzis, E. G. Andre, M. Androulakis, G. and Anghinolfi, M. Anton, G. Ardid, M. Avgitas, T. and Barbarino, G. Barbarito, E. Baret, B. Barrios-Marti, J. and Belias, A. Berbee, E. van den Berg, A. Bertin, V. and Beurthey, S. van Beveren, V. Beverini, N. Biagi, S. and Biagioni, A. Billault, M. Bondi, M. Bormuth, R. and Bouhadef, B. Bourlis, G. Bourret, S. Boutonnet, C. and Bouwhuis, M. Bozza, C. Bruijn, R. Brunner, J. Buis, E. and Buompane, R. Busto, J. Cacopardo, G. Caillat, L. and Calamai, M. Calvo, D. Capone, A. Caramete, L. Cecchini, S. Celli, S. Champion, C. Cherubini, S. Chiarella, V. and Chiarelli, L. Chiarusi, T. Circella, M. Classen, L. and Cobas, D. Cocimano, R. Coelho, J. A. B. Coleiro, A. and Colonges, S. Coniglione, R. Cordelli, M. Cosquer, A. and Coyle, P. Creusot, A. Cuttone, G. D'Amato, C. D'Amico, A. D'Onofrio, A. De Bonis, G. De Sio, C. Di Palma, I. and Diaz, A. F. Distefano, C. Donzaud, C. Dornic, D. and Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q. Drakopoulou, E. Drouhin, D. and Durocher, M. Eberl, T. Eichie, S. van Eijk, D. El Bojaddaini, I. Elsaesser, D. Enzenhofer, A. Favaro, M. and Fermani, P. Ferrara, G. Frascadore, G. Furini, M. Fusco, L. A. Gal, T. Galata, S. Garufi, F. Gay, P. Gebyehu, M. Giacomini, F. Gialanella, L. Giordano, V. Gizani, N. and Gracia, R. Graf, K. Gregoire, T. Grella, G. Grmek, A. Guerzoni, M. Habel, R. Hallmann, S. van Haren, H. and Harissopulos, S. Heid, T. Heijboer, A. Heine, E. Henry, S. Hernandez-Rey, J. J. Hevinga, M. Hofestaedt, J. and Hugon, C. M. F. Illuminati, G. James, C. W. Jansweijer, P. and Jongen, M. de Jong, M. Kadler, M. Kalekin, O. and Kappes, A. Katz, U. F. Keller, P. Kieft, G. Kiessling, D. Koffeman, E. N. Kooijman, P. Kouchner, A. Kreter, M. and Kulikovskiy, V. Lahmann, R. Lamare, P. Larosa, G. and Leisos, A. Leone, F. Leonora, E. Clark, M. Lindsey and Liolios, A. Llorens Alvarez, C. D. Lo Presti, D. Lohner, H. and Lonardo, A. Lotze, M. Loucatos, S. Maccioni, E. and Mannheim, K. Manzali, M. Margiotta, A. Margotti, A. and Marinelli, A. Maris, O. Markou, C. Martinez-Mora, J. A. and Martini, A. Marzaioli, F. Mele, R. Melis, K. W. Michael, T. Migliozzi, P. Migneco, E. Mijakowski, P. Miraglia, A. and Mollo, C. M. Mongelli, M. Morganti, M. Moussa, A. and Musico, P. Musumeci, M. Navas, S. Nicolau, C. A. Olcina, I. Olivetto, C. Orlando, A. Orzelli, A. Pancaldi, G. and Papaikonomou, A. Papaleo, R. Pavalas, G. E. Peek, H. and Pellegrini, G. Pellegrino, C. Perrina, C. Pfutzner, M. and Piattelli, P. Pikounis, K. Pleinert, M. -O. Poma, G. E. and Popa, V. Pradier, T. Pratolongo, F. Puehlhofer, G. and Pulvirenti, S. Quinn, L. Racca, C. Raffaelli, F. and Randazzo, N. Rauch, T. Real, D. Resvanis, L. Reubelt, J. and Riccobene, G. Rossi, C. Rovelli, A. Saldana, M. and Salvadori, I. Samtleben, D. F. E. Garcia, A. Sanchez Losa, A. Sanchez Sanguineti, M. Santangelo, A. Santonocito, D. and Sapienza, P. Schimmel, F. Schmelling, J. Schnabel, J. and Sciacca, V. Sedita, M. Seitz, T. Sgura, I. Simeone, F. and Sipala, V. Spisso, B. Spurio, M. Stavropoulos, G. and Steijger, J. Stellacci, S. M. Stransky, D. Taiuti, M. and Tayalati, Y. Terrasi, F. Tezier, D. Theraube, S. Timmer, P. Tonnis, C. Trasatti, L. Travaglini, R. Trovato, A. and Tsirigotis, A. Tzamarias, S. Tzamariudaki, E. Vallage, B. Van Elewyck, V. Vermeulen, J. Versari, F. Vicini, P. and Viola, S. Vivolo, D. Volkert, M. Wiggers, L. Wilms, J. de Wolf, E. Zachariadou, K. Zani, S. Zornoza, J. D. and Zuniga, J. KM3NeT Collaboration

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract

Studying atmospheric neutrino oscillations in the few-GeV range with a multimegaton detector promises to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy. This is the main science goal pursued by the future KM3NeT/ORCA water Cherenkov detector in the Mediterranean Sea. In this paper, the processes that limit the obtainable resolution in both energy and direction in charged-current neutrino events in the ORCA detector are investigated. These processes include the composition of the hadronic fragmentation products, the subsequent particle propagation and the photon-sampling fraction of the detector. GEANT simulations of neutrino interactions in seawater produced by GENIE are used to study the effects in the 1-20 GeV range. It is found that fluctuations in the hadronic cascade in conjunction with the variation of the inelasticity y are most detrimental to the resolutions. The effect of limited photon sampling in the detector is of significantly less importance. These results will therefore also be applicable to similar detectors/media, such as those in ice.

Published
2017

10. Characterisation of the Hamamatsu photomultipliers for the KM3NeT Neutrino Telescope

Author

Aiello, S., primary, Akrame, S.E., additional, Ameli, F., additional, Anassontzis, E. G., additional, Andre, M., additional, Androulakis, G., additional, Anghinolfi, M., additional, Anton, G., additional, Ardid, M., additional, Aublin, J., additional, Avgitas, T., additional, Baars, M., additional, Bagatelas, C., additional, Barbarino, G., additional, Baret, B., additional, Barrios-Martí, J., additional, Belias, A., additional, Berbee, E., additional, Berg, A. van den, additional, Bertin, V., additional, Biagi, S., additional, Biagioni, A., additional, Biernoth, C., additional, Bormuth, R., additional, Boumaaza, J., additional, Bourret, S., additional, Bouwhuis, M., additional, Bozza, C., additional, Brânzaş, H., additional, Briukhanova, N., additional, Bruijn, R., additional, Brunner, J., additional, Buis, E., additional, Buompane, R., additional, Busto, J., additional, Calvo, D., additional, Capone, A., additional, Caramete, L., additional, Celli, S., additional, Chabab, M., additional, Cherubini, S., additional, Chiarella, V., additional, Chiarusi, T., additional, Circella, M., additional, Cocimano, R., additional, Coelho, J.A.B., additional, Coleiro, A., additional, Molla, M. Colomer, additional, Coniglione, R., additional, Coyle, P., additional, Creusot, A., additional, Cuttone, G., additional, D'Onofrio, A., additional, Dallier, R., additional, Sio, C. De, additional, Palma, I. Di, additional, Díaz, A.F., additional, Distefano, C., additional, Domi, A., additional, Donà, R., additional, Donzaud, C., additional, Dornic, D., additional, Dörr, M., additional, Durocher, M., additional, Eberl, T., additional, Eijk, D. van, additional, Bojaddaini, I. El, additional, Elsaesser, D., additional, Enzenhöfer, A., additional, Ferrara, G., additional, Fusco, L.A., additional, Gal, T., additional, Garufi, F., additional, Gauchery, S., additional, Geißelsöder, S., additional, Gialanella, L., additional, Giorgio, E., additional, Giuliante, A., additional, Gozzini, S.R., additional, Ruiz, R. Gracia, additional, Graf, K., additional, Grasso, D., additional, Grégoire, T., additional, Grella, G., additional, Hallmann, S., additional, Haren, H. van, additional, Heid, T., additional, Heijboer, A., additional, Hekalo, A., additional, Hernández-Rey, J.J., additional, Hofestädt, J., additional, Illuminati, G., additional, James, C.W., additional, Jongen, M., additional, Jongewaard, B., additional, de Jong, M., additional, de Jong, P., additional, Kadler, M., additional, Kalaczyński, P., additional, Kalekin, O., additional, Katz, U.F., additional, Chowdhury, N.R. Khan, additional, Kieft, G., additional, Kießling, D., additional, Koffeman, E.N., additional, Kooijman, P., additional, Kouchner, A., additional, Kreter, M., additional, Kulikovskiy, V., additional, Lahmann, R., additional, Breton, R. Le, additional, Leone, F., additional, Leonora, E., additional, Levi, G., additional, Lincetto, M., additional, Lonardo, A., additional, Longhitano, F., additional, Lotze, M., additional, Loucatos, S., additional, Maggi, G., additional, Mańczak, J., additional, Mannheim, K., additional, Margiotta, A., additional, Marinelli, A., additional, Markou, C., additional, Martin, L., additional, Martínez-Mora, J.A., additional, Martini, A., additional, Marzaioli, F., additional, Mele, R., additional, Melis, K.W., additional, Migliozzi, P., additional, Migneco, E., additional, Mijakowski, P., additional, Miranda, L. S., additional, Mollo, C.M., additional, Morganti, M., additional, Moser, M., additional, Moussa, A., additional, Muller, R., additional, Musumeci, M., additional, Nauta, L., additional, Navas, S., additional, Nicolau, C.A., additional, Nielsen, C., additional, Organokov, M., additional, Orlando, A., additional, Panagopoulos, V., additional, Papalashvili, G., additional, Papaleo, R., additional, Păvălaş, G.E., additional, Pellegrini, G., additional, Pellegrino, C., additional, Pérez Romero, J., additional, Perrin-Terrin, M., additional, Piattelli, P., additional, Pikounis, K., additional, Pisanti, O., additional, Poirè, C., additional, Polydefki, G., additional, Poma, G.E., additional, Popa, V., additional, Post, M., additional, Pradier, T., additional, Pühlhofer, G., additional, Pulvirenti, S., additional, Quinn, L., additional, Raffaelli, F., additional, Randazzo, N., additional, Razzaque, S., additional, Real, D., additional, Resvanis, L., additional, Reubelt, J., additional, Riccobene, G., additional, Richer, M., additional, Rovelli, A., additional, Salvadori, I., additional, Samtleben, D.F.E., additional, Sánchez Losa, A., additional, Sanguineti, M., additional, Santangelo, A., additional, Sapienza, P., additional, Schermer, B., additional, Sciacca, V., additional, Seneca, J., additional, Sgura, I., additional, Shanidze, R., additional, Sharma, A., additional, Simeone, F., additional, Sinopoulou, A., additional, Spisso, B., additional, Spurio, M., additional, Stavropoulos, D., additional, Steijger, J., additional, Stellacci, S.M., additional, Strandberg, B., additional, Stransky, D., additional, Stüven, T., additional, Taiuti, M., additional, Tatone, F., additional, Tayalati, Y., additional, Tenllado, E., additional, Thakore, T., additional, Timmer, P., additional, Trovato, A., additional, Tsagkli, S., additional, Tzamariudaki, E., additional, Tzanetatos, D., additional, Valieri, C., additional, Vallage, B., additional, Elewyck, V. Van, additional, Versari, F., additional, Viola, S., additional, Vivolo, D., additional, Volkert, M., additional, de Waardt, L., additional, Wilms, J., additional, de Wolf, E., additional, Zaborov, D., additional, Zornoza, J.D., additional, and Zúñiga, J., additional

Published
2018
Full Text
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11. Letter of intent for KM3NeT 2.0

Author

Adrian-Martinez, S. Ageron, M. Aharonian, F. Aiello, S. and Albert, A. Ameli, F. Anassontzis, E. Andre, M. and Androulakis, G. Anghinolfi, M. Anton, G. Ardid, M. and Avgitas, T. Barbarino, G. Barbarito, E. Baret, B. and Barrios-Marti, J. Belhorma, B. Belias, A. Berbee, E. van den Berg, A. Bertin, V. Beurthey, S. van Beveren, V. and Beverini, N. Biagi, S. Biagioni, A. Billault, M. Bondi, M. Bormuth, R. Bouhadef, B. Bourlis, G. Bourret, S. and Boutonnet, C. Bouwhuis, M. Bozza, C. Bruijn, R. Brunner, J. Buis, E. Busto, J. Cacopardo, G. Caillat, L. and Calamai, M. Calvo, D. Capone, A. Caramete, L. Cecchini, S. Celli, S. Champion, C. Cherkaoui El Moursli, R. and Cherubini, S. Chiarusi, T. Circella, M. Classen, L. and Cocimano, R. Coelho, J. A. B. Coleiro, A. Colonges, S. and Coniglione, R. Cordelli, M. Cosquer, A. Coyle, P. and Creusot, A. Cuttone, G. D'Amico, A. De Bonis, G. De Rosa, G. De Sio, C. Di Capua, F. Di Palma, I. Diaz Garcia, A. F. Distefano, C. Donzaud, C. Dornic, D. and Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q. Drakopoulou, E. Drouhin, D. Drury, L. Durocher, M. Eberl, T. Eichie, S. van Eijk, D. El Bojaddaini, I. El Khayati, N. Elsaesser, D. Enzenhofer, A. and Fassi, F. Favali, P. Fermani, P. Ferrara, G. and Filippidis, C. Frascadore, G. Fusco, L. A. Gal, T. and Galata, S. Garufi, F. Gay, P. Gebyehu, M. Giordano, V. and Gizani, N. Gracia, R. Graf, K. Gregoire, T. Grella, G. Habel, R. Hallmann, S. van Haren, H. Harissopulos, S. and Heid, T. Heijboer, A. Heine, E. Henry, S. and Hernandez-Rey, J. J. Hevinga, M. Hofestaedt, J. Hugon, C. M. F. Illuminati, G. James, C. W. Jansweijer, P. Jongen, M. and de Jong, M. Kadler, M. Kalekin, O. Kappes, A. Katz, U. F. Keller, P. Kieft, G. Kiessling, D. Koffeman, E. N. and Kooijman, P. Kouchner, A. Kulikovskiy, V. Lahmann, R. and Lamare, P. Leisos, A. Leonora, E. Clark, M. Lindsey and Liolios, A. Llorens Alvarez, C. D. Lo Presti, D. Lohner, H. and Lonardo, A. Lotze, M. Loucatos, S. Maccioni, E. and Mannheim, K. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, A. Maris, O. and Markou, C. Martinez-Mora, J. A. Martini, A. Mele, R. and Melis, K. W. Michael, T. Migliozzi, P. Migneco, E. and Mijakowski, P. Miraglia, A. Mollo, C. M. Mongelli, M. and Morganti, M. Moussa, A. Musico, P. Musumeci, M. Navas, S. Nicolau, C. A. Olcina, I. Olivetto, C. Orlando, A. and Papaikonomou, A. Papaleo, R. Pavalas, G. E. Peek, H. and Pellegrino, C. Perrina, C. Pfutzner, M. Piattelli, P. and Pikounis, K. Poma, G. E. Popa, V. Pradier, T. and Pratolongo, F. Puehlhofer, G. Pulvirenti, S. Quinn, L. and Racca, C. Raffaelli, F. Randazzo, N. Rapidis, P. Razis, P. Real, D. Resvanis, L. Reubelt, J. Riccobene, G. and Rossi, C. Rovelli, A. Saldana, M. Salvadori, I. and Samtleben, D. F. E. Garcia, A. Sanchez Losa, A. Sanchez and Sanguineti, M. Santangelo, A. Santonocito, D. Sapienza, P. and Schimmel, F. Schmelling, J. Sciacca, V. Sedita, M. and Seitz, T. Sgura, I. Simeone, F. Siotis, I. Sipala, V. and Spisso, B. Spurio, M. Stavropoulos, G. Steijger, J. and Stellacci, S. M. Stransky, D. Taiuti, M. Tayalati, Y. and Tezier, D. Theraube, S. Thompson, L. Timmer, P. Tonnis, C. Trasatti, L. Trovato, A. Tsirigotis, A. Tzamarias, S. and Tzamariudaki, E. Vallage, B. Van Elewyck, V. Vermeulen, J. Vicini, P. Viola, S. Vivolo, D. Volkert, M. and Voulgaris, G. Wiggers, L. Wilms, J. de Wolf, E. and Zachariadou, K. Zornoza, J. D. Zuniga, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The main objectives of the KM3NeT Collaboration are (i) the discovery and subsequent observation of high-energy neutrino sources in the Universe and (ii) the determination of the mass hierarchy of neutrinos. These objectives are strongly motivated by two recent important discoveries, namely: (1) the high-energy astrophysical neutrino signal reported by IceCube and (2) the sizable contribution of electron neutrinos to the third neutrino mass eigenstate as reported by Daya Bay, Reno and others. To meet these objectives, the KM3NeT Collaboration plans to build a new Research Infrastructure consisting of a network of deep-sea neutrino telescopes in the Mediterranean Sea. A phased and distributed implementation is pursued which maximises the access to regional funds, the availability of human resources and the synergistic opportunities for the Earth and sea sciences community. Three suitable deep-sea sites are selected, namely off-shore Toulon (France), Capo Passero (Sicily, Italy) and Pylos (Peloponnese, Greece). The infrastructure will consist of three so-called building blocks. A building block comprises 115 strings, each string comprises 18 optical modules and each optical module comprises 31 photo-multiplier tubes. Each building block thus constitutes a three-dimensional array of photo sensors that can be used to detect the Cherenkov light produced by relativistic particles emerging from neutrino interactions. Two building blocks will be sparsely configured to fully explore the IceCube signal with similar instrumented volume, different methodology, improved resolution and complementary field of view, including the galactic plane. One building block will be densely configured to precisely measure atmospheric neutrino oscillations.

Published
2016

12. A method to stabilise the performance of negatively fed KM3NeT photomultipliers

Author

Adrián-Martínez, S. Ageron, M. Aiello, S. Albert, A. Ameli, F. Anassontzis, E.G. Andre, M. Androulakis, G. Anghinolfi, M. Anton, G. Ardid, M. Avgitas, T. Barbarino, G. Barbarito, E. Baret, B. Barrios-Martí, J. Belias, A. Berbee, E. Van Den Berg, A. Bertin, V. Beurthey, S. Van Beveren, V. Beverini, N. Biagi, S. Biagioni, A. Billault, M. Bondì, M. Bormuth, R. Bouhadef, B. Bourlis, G. Bourret, S. Boutonnet, C. Bouwhuis, M. Bozza, C. Bruijn, R. Brunner, J. Buis, E. Buompane, R. Busto, J. Cacopardo, G. Caillat, L. Calamai, M. Calvo, D. Capone, A. Caramete, L. Cecchini, S. Celli, S. Champion, C. Cherubini, S. Chiarella, V. Chiarelli, L. Chiarusi, T. Circella, M. Classen, L. Cobas, D. Cocimano, R. Coelho, J.A.B. Coleiro, A. Colonges, S. Coniglione, R. Cordelli, M. Cosquer, A. Coyle, P. Creusot, A. Cuttone, G. D'Amato, C. D'Amico, A. D'Onofrio, A. De Bonis, G. De Sio, C. Di Capua, F. Di Palma, I. Distefano, C. Donzaud, C. Dornic, D. Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q. Drakopoulou, E. Drouhin, D. Durocher, M. Eberl, T. Eichie, S. Van Eijk, D. El Bojaddaini, I. Elsaesser, D. Enzenhöfer, A. Favaro, M. Fermani, P. Ferrara, G. Frascadore, G. Furini, M. Fusco, L.A. Gal, T. Galatà, S. Garufi, F. Gay, P. Gebyehu, M. Giacomini, F. Gialanella, L. Giordano, V. Gizani, N. Gracia, R. Graf, K. Grégoire, T. Grella, G. Grmek, A. Guerzoni, M. Habel, R. Hallmann, S. Van Haren, H. Harissopulos, S. Heid, T. Heijboer, A. Heine, E. Henry, S. Hernández-Rey, J.J. Hevinga, M. Hofestädt, J. Hugon, C.M.F. Illuminati, G. James, C.W. Jansweijer, P. Jongen, M. De Jong, M. Kadler, M. Kalekin, O. Kappes, A. Katz, U.F. Keller, P. Kieft, G. Kießling, D. Koffeman, E.N. Kooijman, P. Kouchner, A. Kreter, M. Kulikovskiy, V. Lahmann, R. Lamare, P. Leisos, A. Leonora, E. Clark, M.L. Liolios, A. Alvarez, C.D.L. Lo Presti, D. Löhner, H. Lonardo, A. Lotze, M. Loucatos, S. Maccioni, E. Mannheim, K. Manzali, M. Margiotta, A. Margotti, A. Marinelli, A. Mariš, O. Markou, C. Martínez-Mora, J.A. Martini, A. Marzaioli, F. Mele, R. Melis, K.W. Michael, T. Migliozzi, P. Migneco, E. Mijakowski, P. Miraglia, A. Mollo, C.M. Mongelli, M. Morganti, M. Moussa, A. Musico, P. Musumeci, M. Nicolau, C.A. Olcina, I. Olivetto, C. Orlando, A. Orzelli, A. Pancaldi, G. Paolucci, A. Papaikonomou, A. Papaleo, R. Pǎvǎlaš, G.E. Peek, H. Pellegrini, G. Pellegrino, C. Perrina, C. Pfutzner, M. Piattelli, P. Pikounis, K. Poma, G.E. Popa, V. Pradier, T. Pratolongo, F. Pühlhofer, G. Pulvirenti, S. Quinn, L. Racca, C. Raffaelli, F. Randazzo, N. Real, D. Resvanis, L. Reubelt, J. Riccobene, G. Rossi, C. Rovelli, A. Saldaña, M. Salvadori, I. Samtleben, D.F.E. Sánchez García, A. Sánchez Losa, A. Sanguineti, M. Santangelo, A. Santonocito, D. Sapienza, P. Schimmel, F. Schmelling, J. Schnabel, J. Sciacca, V. Sedita, M. Seitz, T. Sgura, I. Simeone, F. Sipala, V. Spisso, B. Spurio, M. Stavropoulos, G. Steijger, J. Stellacci, S.M. Stransky, D. Taiuti, M. Tayalati, Y. Terrasi, F. Tézier, D. Theraube, S. Timmer, P. Tönnis, C. Trasatti, L. Travaglini, R. Trovato, A. Tsirigotis, A. Tzamarias, S. Tzamariudaki, E. Vallage, B. Van Elewyck, V. Vermeulen, J. Versari, F. Vicini, P. Viola, S. Vivolo, D. Volkert, M. Wiggers, L. Wilms, J. De Wolf, E. Zachariadou, K. Zani, S. Zornoza, J.D. Zúñiga, J.

Abstract

The KM3NeT research infrastructure, currently under construction in the Mediterranean Sea, will host neutrino telescopes for the identification of neutrino sources in the Universe and for studies of the neutrino mass hierarchy. These telescopes will house hundreds of thousands of photomultiplier tubes that will have to be operated in a stable and reliable fashion. In this context, the stability of the dark counts has been investigated for photomultiplier tubes with negative high voltage on the photocathode and held in insulating support structures made of 3D printed nylon material. Small gaps between the rigid support structure and the photomultiplier tubes in the presence of electric fields can lead to discharges that produce dark count rates that are highly variable. A solution was found by applying the same insulating varnish as used for the high voltage bases directly to the outside of the photomultiplier tubes. This transparent conformal coating provides a convenient and inexpensive method of insulation. © 2016 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab srl.

Published
2016

15. A method to stabilise the performance of negatively fed KM3NeT photomultipliers

Author

Adrián-Martínez, S., primary, Ageron, M., additional, Aiello, S., additional, Albert, A., additional, Ameli, F., additional, Anassontzis, E. G., additional, Andre, M., additional, Androulakis, G., additional, Anghinolfi, M., additional, Anton, G., additional, Ardid, M., additional, Avgitas, T., additional, Barbarino, G., additional, Barbarito, E., additional, Baret, B., additional, Barrios-Martí, J., additional, Belias, A., additional, Berbee, E., additional, Berg, A. van den, additional, Bertin, V., additional, Beurthey, S., additional, Beveren, V. van, additional, Beverini, N., additional, Biagi, S., additional, Biagioni, A., additional, Billault, M., additional, Bondì, M., additional, Bormuth, R., additional, Bouhadef, B., additional, Bourlis, G., additional, Bourret, S., additional, Boutonnet, C., additional, Bouwhuis, M., additional, Bozza, C., additional, Bruijn, R., additional, Brunner, J., additional, Buis, E., additional, Buompane, R., additional, Busto, J., additional, Cacopardo, G., additional, Caillat, L., additional, Calamai, M., additional, Calvo, D., additional, Capone, A., additional, Caramete, L., additional, Cecchini, S., additional, Celli, S., additional, Champion, C., additional, Cherubini, S., additional, Chiarella, V., additional, Chiarelli, L., additional, Chiarusi, T., additional, Circella, M., additional, Classen, L., additional, Cobas, D., additional, Cocimano, R., additional, Coelho, J.A.B., additional, Coleiro, A., additional, Colonges, S., additional, Coniglione, R., additional, Cordelli, M., additional, Cosquer, A., additional, Coyle, P., additional, Creusot, A., additional, Cuttone, G., additional, D'Amato, C., additional, D'Amico, A., additional, D'Onofrio, A., additional, Bonis, G. De, additional, Sio, C. De, additional, Capua, F. Di, additional, Palma, I. Di, additional, Distefano, C., additional, Donzaud, C., additional, Dornic, D., additional, Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q., additional, Drakopoulou, E., additional, Drouhin, D., additional, Durocher, M., additional, Eberl, T., additional, Eichie, S., additional, Eijk, D. van, additional, Bojaddaini, I. El, additional, Elsaesser, D., additional, Enzenhöfer, A., additional, Favaro, M., additional, Fermani, P., additional, Ferrara, G., additional, Frascadore, G., additional, Furini, M., additional, Fusco, L.A., additional, Gal, T., additional, Galatà, S., additional, Garufi, F., additional, Gay, P., additional, Gebyehu, M., additional, Giacomini, F., additional, Gialanella, L., additional, Giordano, V., additional, Gizani, N., additional, Gracia, R., additional, Graf, K., additional, Grégoire, T., additional, Grella, G., additional, Grmek, A., additional, Guerzoni, M., additional, Habel, R., additional, Hallmann, S., additional, Haren, H. van, additional, Harissopulos, S., additional, Heid, T., additional, Heijboer, A., additional, Heine, E., additional, Henry, S., additional, Hernández-Rey, J.J., additional, Hevinga, M., additional, Hofestädt, J., additional, Hugon, C.M.F., additional, Illuminati, G., additional, James, C.W., additional, Jansweijer, P., additional, Jongen, M., additional, de Jong, M., additional, Kadler, M., additional, Kalekin, O., additional, Kappes, A., additional, Katz, U.F., additional, Keller, P., additional, Kieft, G., additional, Kießling, D., additional, Koffeman, E.N., additional, Kooijman, P., additional, Kouchner, A., additional, Kreter, M., additional, Kulikovskiy, V., additional, Lahmann, R., additional, Lamare, P., additional, Leisos, A., additional, Leonora, E., additional, Clark, M. Lindsey, additional, Liolios, A., additional, Alvarez, C.D. Llorens, additional, Presti, D. Lo, additional, Löhner, H., additional, Lonardo, A., additional, Lotze, M., additional, Loucatos, S., additional, Maccioni, E., additional, Mannheim, K., additional, Manzali, M., additional, Margiotta, A., additional, Margotti, A., additional, Marinelli, A., additional, Mariš, O., additional, Markou, C., additional, Martínez-Mora, J.A., additional, Martini, A., additional, Marzaioli, F., additional, Mele, R., additional, Melis, K.W., additional, Michael, T., additional, Migliozzi, P., additional, Migneco, E., additional, Mijakowski, P., additional, Miraglia, A., additional, Mollo, C.M., additional, Mongelli, M., additional, Morganti, M., additional, Moussa, A., additional, Musico, P., additional, Musumeci, M., additional, Nicolau, C.A., additional, Olcina, I., additional, Olivetto, C., additional, Orlando, A., additional, Orzelli, A., additional, Pancaldi, G., additional, Paolucci, A., additional, Papaikonomou, A., additional, Papaleo, R., additional, Păvălaš, G.E., additional, Peek, H., additional, Pellegrini, G., additional, Pellegrino, C., additional, Perrina, C., additional, Pfutzner, M., additional, Piattelli, P., additional, Pikounis, K., additional, Poma, G.E., additional, Popa, V., additional, Pradier, T., additional, Pratolongo, F., additional, Pühlhofer, G., additional, Pulvirenti, S., additional, Quinn, L., additional, Racca, C., additional, Raffaelli, F., additional, Randazzo, N., additional, Real, D., additional, Resvanis, L., additional, Reubelt, J., additional, Riccobene, G., additional, Rossi, C., additional, Rovelli, A., additional, Saldaña, M., additional, Salvadori, I., additional, Samtleben, D.F.E., additional, Sánchez García, A., additional, Sánchez Losa, A., additional, Sanguineti, M., additional, Santangelo, A., additional, Santonocito, D., additional, Sapienza, P., additional, Schimmel, F., additional, Schmelling, J., additional, Schnabel, J., additional, Sciacca, V., additional, Sedita, M., additional, Seitz, T., additional, Sgura, I., additional, Simeone, F., additional, Sipala, V., additional, Spisso, B., additional, Spurio, M., additional, Stavropoulos, G., additional, Steijger, J., additional, Stellacci, S.M., additional, Stransky, D., additional, Taiuti, M., additional, Tayalati, Y., additional, Terrasi, F., additional, Tézier, D., additional, Theraube, S., additional, Timmer, P., additional, Tönnis, C., additional, Trasatti, L., additional, Travaglini, R., additional, Trovato, A., additional, Tsirigotis, A., additional, Tzamarias, S., additional, Tzamariudaki, E., additional, Vallage, B., additional, Elewyck, V. Van, additional, Vermeulen, J., additional, Versari, F., additional, Vicini, P., additional, Viola, S., additional, Vivolo, D., additional, Volkert, M., additional, Wiggers, L., additional, Wilms, J., additional, de Wolf, E., additional, Zachariadou, K., additional, Zani, S., additional, Zornoza, J.D., additional, and Zúñiga, J., additional

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. A method to stabilise the performance of negatively fed KM3NeT photomultipliers

Author

Adrian-Martinez, S., Ageron, M., Aiello, S., Albert, A., Ameli, F., Anassontzis, E., Andre, M., Androulakis, G., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Avgitas, T., Barbarino, G., Barbarito, E., Baret, B., Barrios-Marti, J., Belias, A., Berbee, E., van den Berg, A., Bertin, V., Beurthey, S., van Beveren, V., Beverini, N., Biagi, S., Biagioni, A., Billault, M., Bondi, M., Bormuth, R., Bouhadef, B., Bourlis, G., Bourret, S., Boutonnet, C., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Buis, E., Buompane, R., Busto, J., Cacopardo, G., Caillat, L., Calamai, M., Calvo, D., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Cecchini, S., Celli, S., Champion, C., Cherubini, S., Chiarella, V., Chiarelli, L., Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Classen, L., Cobas, D., Cocimano, R., Coelho, J., Coleiro, A., Colonges, S., Coniglione, R., Cordelli, M., Cosquer, A., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Cuttone, G., D'Amato, C., D'Amico, A., D'Onofrio, A., De Bonis, G., De Sio, C., Di Capua, F., Di Palma, I., Distefano, C., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q., Drakopoulou, E., Drouhin, D., Durocher, M., Eberl, T., Eichie, S., van Eijk, D., El Bojaddaini, I., Elsaesser, D., Enzenhofer, A., Favaro, M., Fermani, P., Ferrara, G., Frascadore, G., Furini, M., Fusco, L., Gal, T., Galata, S., Garufi, F., Gay, P., Gebyehu, M., Giacomini, F., Gialanella, L., Giordano, V., Gizani, N., Gracia, R., Graf, K., Gregoire, T., Grella, G., Grmek, A., Guerzoni, M., Habel, R., Hallmann, S., van Haren, H., Harissopulos, S., Heid, T., Heijboer, A., Heine, E., Henry, S., Hernandez-Rey, J., Hevinga, M., Hofestaedt, J., Hugon, C., Illuminati, G., James, Clancy, Jansweijer, P., Jongen, M., de Jong, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Kappes, A., Katz, U., Keller, P., Kieft, G., Kiessling, D., Koffeman, E., Kooijman, P., Kouchner, A., Kreter, M., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Lamare, P., Leisos, A., Leonora, J., Clark, M., Liolios, A., Llorens Alvarez, C., Lo Presti, D., Lohner, H., Lonardo, A., Lotze, M., Loucatos, S., Maccioni, E., Mannheim, K., Manzali, M., Margiotta, A., Margotti, A., Marinelli, A., Maris, O., Markou, C., Martinez-Mora, J., Martini, A., Marzaioli, F., Mele, R., Melis, K., Michael, T., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Mijakowski, P., Miraglia, A., Mollo, C., Mongelli, M., Morganti, M., Moussa, A., Musico, P., Musumeci, M., Nicolau, C., Olcina, I., Olivetto, C., Orlando, A., Orzelli, A., Pancaldi, G., Paolucci, A., Papaikonomou, A., Papaleo, R., Pavalas, G., Peek, H., Pellegrini, G., Pellegrino, C., Perrina, C., Pfutzner, M., Piattelli, P., Pikounis, K., Poma, G., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Pratolongo, F., Puehlhofer, G., Pulvirenti, S., Quinn, L., Racca, C., Raffaelli, F., Randazzo, N., Real, D., Resvanis, L., Reubelt, J., Riccobene, G., Rossi, C., Rovelli, A., Saldana, M., Salvadori, I., Samtleben, D., Garcia, A., Losa, A., Sanguineti, M., Santangelo, A., Santonocito, D., Sapienza, P., Schimmel, F., Schmelling, J., Schnabel, J., Sciacca, V., Sedita, M., Seitz, T., Sgura, I., Simeone, F., Sipala, V., Spisso, B., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, G., Steijger, J., Stellacci, S., Stransky, D., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Terrasi, F., Tezier, D., Theraube, S., Timmer, P., Tonnis, C., Trasatti, L., Travaglini, R., Trovato, A., Tsirigotis, A., Tzamarias, S., Tzamariudaki, E., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Vermeulen, J., Versari, F., Vicini, P., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Volkert, M., Wiggers, L., Wilms, J., de Wolf, E., Zachariadou, K., Zani, S., Zornoza, J., Zuniga, J., Adrian-Martinez, S., Ageron, M., Aiello, S., Albert, A., Ameli, F., Anassontzis, E., Andre, M., Androulakis, G., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Avgitas, T., Barbarino, G., Barbarito, E., Baret, B., Barrios-Marti, J., Belias, A., Berbee, E., van den Berg, A., Bertin, V., Beurthey, S., van Beveren, V., Beverini, N., Biagi, S., Biagioni, A., Billault, M., Bondi, M., Bormuth, R., Bouhadef, B., Bourlis, G., Bourret, S., Boutonnet, C., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Buis, E., Buompane, R., Busto, J., Cacopardo, G., Caillat, L., Calamai, M., Calvo, D., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Cecchini, S., Celli, S., Champion, C., Cherubini, S., Chiarella, V., Chiarelli, L., Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Classen, L., Cobas, D., Cocimano, R., Coelho, J., Coleiro, A., Colonges, S., Coniglione, R., Cordelli, M., Cosquer, A., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Cuttone, G., D'Amato, C., D'Amico, A., D'Onofrio, A., De Bonis, G., De Sio, C., Di Capua, F., Di Palma, I., Distefano, C., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q., Drakopoulou, E., Drouhin, D., Durocher, M., Eberl, T., Eichie, S., van Eijk, D., El Bojaddaini, I., Elsaesser, D., Enzenhofer, A., Favaro, M., Fermani, P., Ferrara, G., Frascadore, G., Furini, M., Fusco, L., Gal, T., Galata, S., Garufi, F., Gay, P., Gebyehu, M., Giacomini, F., Gialanella, L., Giordano, V., Gizani, N., Gracia, R., Graf, K., Gregoire, T., Grella, G., Grmek, A., Guerzoni, M., Habel, R., Hallmann, S., van Haren, H., Harissopulos, S., Heid, T., Heijboer, A., Heine, E., Henry, S., Hernandez-Rey, J., Hevinga, M., Hofestaedt, J., Hugon, C., Illuminati, G., James, Clancy, Jansweijer, P., Jongen, M., de Jong, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Kappes, A., Katz, U., Keller, P., Kieft, G., Kiessling, D., Koffeman, E., Kooijman, P., Kouchner, A., Kreter, M., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Lamare, P., Leisos, A., Leonora, J., Clark, M., Liolios, A., Llorens Alvarez, C., Lo Presti, D., Lohner, H., Lonardo, A., Lotze, M., Loucatos, S., Maccioni, E., Mannheim, K., Manzali, M., Margiotta, A., Margotti, A., Marinelli, A., Maris, O., Markou, C., Martinez-Mora, J., Martini, A., Marzaioli, F., Mele, R., Melis, K., Michael, T., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Mijakowski, P., Miraglia, A., Mollo, C., Mongelli, M., Morganti, M., Moussa, A., Musico, P., Musumeci, M., Nicolau, C., Olcina, I., Olivetto, C., Orlando, A., Orzelli, A., Pancaldi, G., Paolucci, A., Papaikonomou, A., Papaleo, R., Pavalas, G., Peek, H., Pellegrini, G., Pellegrino, C., Perrina, C., Pfutzner, M., Piattelli, P., Pikounis, K., Poma, G., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Pratolongo, F., Puehlhofer, G., Pulvirenti, S., Quinn, L., Racca, C., Raffaelli, F., Randazzo, N., Real, D., Resvanis, L., Reubelt, J., Riccobene, G., Rossi, C., Rovelli, A., Saldana, M., Salvadori, I., Samtleben, D., Garcia, A., Losa, A., Sanguineti, M., Santangelo, A., Santonocito, D., Sapienza, P., Schimmel, F., Schmelling, J., Schnabel, J., Sciacca, V., Sedita, M., Seitz, T., Sgura, I., Simeone, F., Sipala, V., Spisso, B., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, G., Steijger, J., Stellacci, S., Stransky, D., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Terrasi, F., Tezier, D., Theraube, S., Timmer, P., Tonnis, C., Trasatti, L., Travaglini, R., Trovato, A., Tsirigotis, A., Tzamarias, S., Tzamariudaki, E., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Vermeulen, J., Versari, F., Vicini, P., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Volkert, M., Wiggers, L., Wilms, J., de Wolf, E., Zachariadou, K., Zani, S., Zornoza, J., and Zuniga, J.

Published
2016

17. Letter of intent for KM3NeT 2.0

Author

Adrián-Martínez, S, primary, Ageron, M, additional, Aharonian, F, additional, Aiello, S, additional, Albert, A, additional, Ameli, F, additional, Anassontzis, E, additional, Andre, M, additional, Androulakis, G, additional, Anghinolfi, M, additional, Anton, G, additional, Ardid, M, additional, Avgitas, T, additional, Barbarino, G, additional, Barbarito, E, additional, Baret, B, additional, Barrios-Martí, J, additional, Belhorma, B, additional, Belias, A, additional, Berbee, E, additional, Berg, A van den, additional, Bertin, V, additional, Beurthey, S, additional, Beveren, V van, additional, Beverini, N, additional, Biagi, S, additional, Biagioni, A, additional, Billault, M, additional, Bondì, M, additional, Bormuth, R, additional, Bouhadef, B, additional, Bourlis, G, additional, Bourret, S, additional, Boutonnet, C, additional, Bouwhuis, M, additional, Bozza, C, additional, Bruijn, R, additional, Brunner, J, additional, Buis, E, additional, Busto, J, additional, Cacopardo, G, additional, Caillat, L, additional, Calamai, M, additional, Calvo, D, additional, Capone, A, additional, Caramete, L, additional, Cecchini, S, additional, Celli, S, additional, Champion, C, additional, Moursli, R Cherkaoui El, additional, Cherubini, S, additional, Chiarusi, T, additional, Circella, M, additional, Classen, L, additional, Cocimano, R, additional, Coelho, J A B, additional, Coleiro, A, additional, Colonges, S, additional, Coniglione, R, additional, Cordelli, M, additional, Cosquer, A, additional, Coyle, P, additional, Creusot, A, additional, Cuttone, G, additional, D’Amico, A, additional, De Bonis, G, additional, De Rosa, G, additional, De Sio, C, additional, Di Capua, F, additional, Di Palma, I, additional, García, A F Díaz, additional, Distefano, C, additional, Donzaud, C, additional, Dornic, D, additional, Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q, additional, Drakopoulou, E, additional, Drouhin, D, additional, Drury, L, additional, Durocher, M, additional, Eberl, T, additional, Eichie, S, additional, Eijk, D van, additional, Bojaddaini, I El, additional, Khayati, N El, additional, Elsaesser, D, additional, Enzenhöfer, A, additional, Fassi, F, additional, Favali, P, additional, Fermani, P, additional, Ferrara, G, additional, Filippidis, C, additional, Frascadore, G, additional, Fusco, L A, additional, Gal, T, additional, Galatà, S, additional, Garufi, F, additional, Gay, P, additional, Gebyehu, M, additional, Giordano, V, additional, Gizani, N, additional, Gracia, R, additional, Graf, K, additional, Grégoire, T, additional, Grella, G, additional, Habel, R, additional, Hallmann, S, additional, Haren, H van, additional, Harissopulos, S, additional, Heid, T, additional, Heijboer, A, additional, Heine, E, additional, Henry, S, additional, Hernández-Rey, J J, additional, Hevinga, M, additional, Hofestädt, J, additional, Hugon, C M F, additional, Illuminati, G, additional, James, C W, additional, Jansweijer, P, additional, Jongen, M, additional, Jong, M de, additional, Kadler, M, additional, Kalekin, O, additional, Kappes, A, additional, Katz, U F, additional, Keller, P, additional, Kieft, G, additional, Kießling, D, additional, Koffeman, E N, additional, Kooijman, P, additional, Kouchner, A, additional, Kulikovskiy, V, additional, Lahmann, R, additional, Lamare, P, additional, Leisos, A, additional, Leonora, E, additional, Clark, M Lindsey, additional, Liolios, A, additional, Alvarez, C D Llorens, additional, Presti, D Lo, additional, Löhner, H, additional, Lonardo, A, additional, Lotze, M, additional, Loucatos, S, additional, Maccioni, E, additional, Mannheim, K, additional, Margiotta, A, additional, Marinelli, A, additional, Mariş, O, additional, Markou, C, additional, Martínez-Mora, J A, additional, Martini, A, additional, Mele, R, additional, Melis, K W, additional, Michael, T, additional, Migliozzi, P, additional, Migneco, E, additional, Mijakowski, P, additional, Miraglia, A, additional, Mollo, C M, additional, Mongelli, M, additional, Morganti, M, additional, Moussa, A, additional, Musico, P, additional, Musumeci, M, additional, Navas, S, additional, Nicolau, C A, additional, Olcina, I, additional, Olivetto, C, additional, Orlando, A, additional, Papaikonomou, A, additional, Papaleo, R, additional, Păvălaş, G E, additional, Peek, H, additional, Pellegrino, C, additional, Perrina, C, additional, Pfutzner, M, additional, Piattelli, P, additional, Pikounis, K, additional, Poma, G E, additional, Popa, V, additional, Pradier, T, additional, Pratolongo, F, additional, Pühlhofer, G, additional, Pulvirenti, S, additional, Quinn, L, additional, Racca, C, additional, Raffaelli, F, additional, Randazzo, N, additional, Rapidis, P, additional, Razis, P, additional, Real, D, additional, Resvanis, L, additional, Reubelt, J, additional, Riccobene, G, additional, Rossi, C, additional, Rovelli, A, additional, Saldaña, M, additional, Salvadori, I, additional, Samtleben, D F E, additional, García, A Sánchez, additional, Losa, A Sánchez, additional, Sanguineti, M, additional, Santangelo, A, additional, Santonocito, D, additional, Sapienza, P, additional, Schimmel, F, additional, Schmelling, J, additional, Sciacca, V, additional, Sedita, M, additional, Seitz, T, additional, Sgura, I, additional, Simeone, F, additional, Siotis, I, additional, Sipala, V, additional, Spisso, B, additional, Spurio, M, additional, Stavropoulos, G, additional, Steijger, J, additional, Stellacci, S M, additional, Stransky, D, additional, Taiuti, M, additional, Tayalati, Y, additional, Tézier, D, additional, Theraube, S, additional, Thompson, L, additional, Timmer, P, additional, Tönnis, C, additional, Trasatti, L, additional, Trovato, A, additional, Tsirigotis, A, additional, Tzamarias, S, additional, Tzamariudaki, E, additional, Vallage, B, additional, Elewyck, V Van, additional, Vermeulen, J, additional, Vicini, P, additional, Viola, S, additional, Vivolo, D, additional, Volkert, M, additional, Voulgaris, G, additional, Wiggers, L, additional, Wilms, J, additional, Wolf, E de, additional, Zachariadou, K, additional, Zornoza, J D, additional, and Zúñiga, J, additional

Published
2016
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30. Different isotype profiles of virus-specific antibodies in acute and persistent lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection in mice.

Author

Thomsen, A. Randrup, Volkert, M., and Marker, O.

Subjects
*LYMPHOCYTIC choriomeningitis, *IMMUNOGLOBULINS, *VIRUSES, *IMMUNE response, *ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay, *MICE
Abstract

The humoral immune response to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) was analysed by the use of a sensitive ELISA. Our results show that LCMV carriers of the C3H strain, previously believed to be completely tolerant to the virus, do in fact produce LCM V-specific antibodies and, moreover, that a significant proportion of these antibodies belong to IgG subclasses which are considered T-cell dependent. This finding, together with the fact that T-cell deficient mice made little or no LCM V-specific antibodies, makes it reasonable to infer that C3H carriers have not only virus-primed B cells, but also virus-primed T-helper cells. However, the isotype profiles of the virus-specific antibodies detected were markedly different in carriers and in immune mice. Firstly, much greater inter-individual variation was observed in the carrier population than in the immune mice. Secondly, in immune mice IgG2a antibodies dominated the humoral response, whereas in carriers the virus-specific activity in this subclass was very low. In contrast, LCMV-specific antibodies of the IgG1 subclass were present in similar titres in immune mice and in the majority of the carriers. Evaluation of the IgG2b response revealed that most carriers had little or no LCM V-specific activity in this subclass, although a few had antibody levels comparable to those in immune mice. These findings are discussed in relation to the question of the state of immunity in LCMV carriers and its consequence for immune-complex disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1985

31. The Activity of T and B Lymphocytes in Immunity and Tolerance to the Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus in Mice.

Author

Volkert, M., Bro-Jørgensen, K., Marker, Ó, Rubin, B., and Trier, Lotte

Subjects
*CELL separation, *B cells, *T cells, *LABORATORY mice, *VIRUS diseases, *IMMUNE response
Abstract

Treatment with anti-theta serum and the Wigzell column technique for cell separation was employed to study the separate functions of the B and T lymphocytes in the late states of immunity to the LCM virus in mice. The cell preparations examined were mixtures of spleen and lymph node cells from immune mice. The results revealed that the anti-viral effect of such cells after transfer to virus carriers was unimpaired in T cell-enriched and B cell-deprived cell preparations. The anti-viral effect was also retained in cell preparations deprived so much of B cells that no antibody was produced in the virus carrier mice receiving transplants of these cells. The results strongly indicate that the anti-viral effect of late immune cells is not only T cell-dependent but that it is also mediated solely by T cells and, moreover, that antibodies have no or very little influence on the virus elimination. The observation that antibody production could be caused neither by column-passed cells nor by anti-theta serum-treated cells, but was obtained by mixtures of these cells, demonstrates that co-operation between T and B cells is crucial for the LCM antibody response. Accordingly, the convincing demonstration of the absence in the persistent virus carriers of cells which, in respect of antibody production, are able to co-operate either with column-passed or with anti-theta serum-treated immune cells, implies that such animals are extremely deficient as regards immune function of both B and T LCM-primed lymphocytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1975

34. High-Dose Survival in the Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infection Is Accompanied by Suppressed DTH but Unaffected T-Cell Cytotoxicity.

Author

Marker, O., Thomsen, A. R., Volkert, M., Hansen, B. L., and Clemmensen, I. H.

Subjects
LYMPHOCYTIC choriomeningitis virus, IMMUNOLOGY, VIRUS diseases, MORTALITY, T cells, ARENAVIRUSES, LABORATORY mice, ANTINEOPLASTIC agents, BLOOD plasma
Abstract

Provided that intracerebral inoculation is applied, an increase in the virus dose from 102 to 104 LD50 of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) leads to strikingly reduced mortality. To analyse the background for this autointerference, we measured several virologic and immunologic variables in mice infected with these doses of virus. In the high-dose mice we found generally higher organ virus titres and serum interferon titres than in the low-dose mice. Since we could demonstrate that virus-specific T-cell cytotoxicity in spleen, peripheral blood, and meningeal exudate was similar after intracerebral infection with large and small virus doses, and since the LCMV infection in the brain qualitatively and quantitatively was independent of the size of virus inoculum, the explanation for the survival of the high-dose animals is obviously not lack of possibilities for interaction between cytotoxic T cells and infected sensitive targets in the central nervous system. On the other hand, high doses of virus caused a clear suppression of the LCMV-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH). In addition, when splenocytes from high-dose animals were transferred either intravenously or locally into the footpad of newly virus-challenged mice. DTH was markedly suppressed as compared with the response after transfer of spleen cells from low-dose mice. We therefore conclude that autointerference in the LCMV infection is due to a selectivc suppression of Td function. Large amounts of persistent virus late after infection with high doses of virus suggest a central role for Td function also in virus clearance. Finally, our results indicate the existence of two subsets of K,D region-restricted T cells, one mediating cytotoxicity and the other mediating DTH. This possibility is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1985
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35. Studies on the Role of Mononuclear Phagocytes in Resistance to Acute Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infection.

Author

Randrupthomsen, A. and Volkert, M.

Subjects
T cells, LYMPHOCYTES, IMMUNE system, IMMUNE response, LYMPHOCYTIC choriomeningitis virus, MACROPHAGES
Abstract

The role of mononuclear phagocytes in various phases of the acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection was studied. The anti-macrophage agent carrageenan delayed virus clearance. Carrageenan was most effective when given before virus inoculation, suggesting that it interfered with early events in the host response to the virus. Correspondingly, carrageenan enhanced early virus multiplication. Pretreatment with carrageenan apparently did not inhibit induction of the T-cell response and had little or no direct effect on T-cell-dependent anti-viral activity. The LCMV-induced natural killer response was also unimpaired by this treatment. Taken together, these findings suggest that resident macrophages constitute a barrier to the initial multiplication of LCMV. A breakdown of this macrophage barrier results in a more disseminated infection, which the specific immune response has difficulty in eliminating. Adoptive transfer experiments with pre-irradiated recipients showed that T-cell-dependent virus clearance required interaction between donor-derived primary immune spleen cells and radiosensitive host cells. T cells did not seem to constitute the radiosensitive host component, since athymic (nude) mice functioned well as recipients. Together with previously published data, this finding strongly suggests that T-cell-dependent virus clearance involves cooperation between T cells and non-committed cells, probably monocytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1983

36. Virus Elimination in Acute Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infection.

Author

Thomsen, A. Randrup, Volkert, M., and Bro-Jørgensen, K.

Subjects
LYMPHOCYTIC choriomeningitis, VIRUS diseases, T cells, IMMUNE response, ALLERGIES, MICE
Abstract

The immunological effector mechanism responsible for the elimination of virus in murine acute non-fatal extracranial lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection was studied. In this infection virus clearance is generally regarded as the result of a direct action of virus-specific cytotoxic T cells (Tc cells) on virus-producing target cells in the infected mouse. However, by manipulating the antiviral immune response by pretreatment with various doses of cyclophosphamide, we found lack of correlation between Tc cell activity and the clearance of virus. In contrast, we observed a conspicuous correlation between the host's ability to mount a virus-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response and its capacity to combat virus. Moreover, pretreatment with silica and carragheenan prolonged viraemia without impairment of the peak Tc cell response. These findings indicate that Tc cells have little or no capacity to eliminate virus, at least in the absence of an inflammatory response, and our findings suggest that virus clearance reflects a DTH-like process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1983
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37. Fatal Meningitis following Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infection Reflects Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity Rather than Cytotoxicity.

Author

Thomsen, A. Randrup, Bro-Jørgensen, K., and Volkert, M.

Subjects
MENINGITIS, CENTRAL nervous system diseases, LYMPHOCYTIC choriomeningitis, LYMPHOCYTIC choriomeningitis virus, ARENAVIRUSES, ARENAVIRUS diseases, T cells, CELL-mediated cytotoxicity
Abstract

Fatal meningitis Following intracerebral inoculation of lymphocytic choriomcningitis virus (LCMV) reflects an immunopathological lesion believed to be mediated by cytotoxic T cells. The results presented here demonstrate that pretreatment with cyclophosphamide (Cy; 150 mg/kg body weight) 2 days before intracerebral infection significantly reduced the lethality of the infection. However, this treatment did not impair the antiviral cytotoxic response as measured in the spleen. On the other hand, virus-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) was significantly reduced. This reduction seems to be the result of a Cy-induced lack of non-committed ancillary cells since: (1) virus-primed spleen cells from Cy-pretreated donors conferred normal LCMV-specific DTH to naive recipients; (2) transfer of virus-primed spleen cells from untreated donors did not increase the suppressed DTH response of the Cy-pretreated mice; and (3) inoculation of irrelevant antigen and antigen-primed spleen cells into the footpads of Cy-pretreated, infected mice resulted in a significantly reduced footpad swelling as compared with untreated, infected controls. Taken together, these results indicate that LCMV-induced meningitis does not solely represent T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vivo but that a fatal outcome of the infection critically involves not only effector T cells but also ancillary cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1983
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39. T lymphocyte function as the principal target of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-induced immunosuppression

Author

Bro-Jorgensen, K, Güttler, F, Jorgensen, P N, and Volkert, M

Abstract

Plaque-forming cell responses against sheep erythrocytes, Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide, pneumococcal polysaccharide, and polyvinylpyrrolidone were examined in mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. A 92 to 96 percent reduction of the thymus-dependent anti-sheep erythrocyte responses was observed 2 to 4 weeks after infection. However, the thymus-independent responses against the three other antigens were close to normal at all stages of the infetion. Studies on allograft immunity of infected C3H mice against DBA/2 mastocytoma cells revealed a severe suppression of the T cell-mediated cytotoxic response which was temporally related to the impaired humoral responsiveness against sheep erythrocytes. The capacity of spleen cells from infected mice to restore immune responsiveness of lethally irradiated recipients against sheep erythrocytes was significantly reduced. The adoptive responses, however, were clearly improved when normal thymus cells were added to the inferior spleen cells. Moreover, it appeared that the spleen cells from immunosuppressed donor mice could not confer suppression to normal lymphoid cells. The presented findings are consistent with the assumption that a numeric deficiency of T cells, or cells belonging to some T cell subpopulation, is the primary cause of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-induced immunosuppression.

Published
1975
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40. Evidence that rnmB is the operator of the Escherichia coli recA gene.

Author

Volkert, M R, Margossian, L J, and Clark, A J

Abstract

rnmB281 leads to high constitutive levels of recA protein such that no increase after UV-inducing treatment occurs. The mutation maps in or near the portion of recA corresponding to the NH2-terminal end of the protein. Examination of the recA proteins from rnmB+ recA-/rnmB281 recA+ heterozygotes suggests that both rnmB alleles are cis-acting and codominant. This is the behavior expected from alleles of a regulatory gene such as an operator or promoter of recA. The possibility that rnmB mutations occur in the promoter of recA. The possibility that rnmB mutations occur in the promoter of recA, though not ruled out, seems unlikely based on the structure of the regulatory region of recA. This suggests that rnmB mutations are operator constitutive mutations of the recA gene and should be called recAo mutations. The UV-irradiation responses of recAo+ and recAo281 strains, both recA+, are compared and inferences are drawn about the roles of large amounts of recA protein in producing the responses.

Published
1981
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41. The RNA polymerase alpha subunit carboxyl-terminal domain is required for both basal and activated transcription from the alkA promoter.

Author

Landini, P, Gaal, T, Ross, W, and Volkert, M R

Abstract

Expression of the Escherichia coli adaptive response genes (ada, aidB, and alkA) is regulated by the transcriptional activator, Ada. However, the interactions of RNA polymerase and Ada with these promoters differ. In this report we characterize the interactions of Ada, methylated Ada (meAda), and RNA polymerase at the alkA promoter and contrast these interactions with those characterized previously for the ada and aidB promoters. At the alkA promoter, we do not detect the RNA polymerase alpha subunit-mediated binary complex detected at the ada and aidB promoters. In the presence of either of these two activators, RNA polymerase protects the alkA core promoter, including the elements at -35 and -10, and is more efficient in transcription initiation in vitro. RNA polymerase holoenzyme containing the alpha subunit mutation R265A is severely impaired in Ada-independent basal alkA transcription, shows no activation by Ada or meAda, and fails to bind the alkA promoter in vitro. Binding of the purified wild type alpha subunit to alkA was not detected, but a complex of promoter DNA, Ada or meAda, and alpha was observed in gel shift assays. These observations suggest that both forms of Ada protein activate alkA transcription by enhancing RNA polymerase holoenzyme and alpha subunit binding.

Published
1997

42. Ada protein-RNA polymerase sigma subunit interaction and alpha subunit-promoter DNA interaction are necessary at different steps in transcription initiation at the Escherichia coli Ada and aidB promoters.

Author

Landini, P, Bown, J A, Volkert, M R, and Busby, S J

Abstract

The methylated form of the Ada protein (meAda) binds the ada and aidB promoters between 60 and 40 base pairs upstream from the transcription start and activates transcription of the Escherichia coli ada and aidB genes. This region is also a binding site for the alpha subunit of RNA polymerase and resembles the rrnB P1 UP element in A/T content and location relative to the core promoter. In this report, we show that deletion of the C-terminal domain of the alpha subunit severely decreases meAda-independent binding of RNA polymerase to ada and aidB, affecting transcription initiation at these promoters. We provide evidence that meAda activates transcription by direct interaction with the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase sigma70 subunit (amino acids 574-613). Several negatively charged residues in the sigma70 C-terminal domain are important for transcription activation by meAda; in particular, a glutamic acid to valine substitution at position 575 has a dramatic effect on meAda-dependent transcription. Based on these observations, we propose that the role of the alpha subunit at ada and aidB is to allow initial binding of RNA polymerase to the promoters. However, transcription initiation is dependent on meAda-sigma70 interaction.

Published
1998

43. Two-component suppression of recF143 by recA441 in Escherichia coli K-12

Author

Volkert, M R, Margossian, L J, and Clark, A J

Abstract

Sensitivity to UV irradiation conferred by recF143 was partially suppressed by recA441 (also known as tif-1). A temperature-conditional component depended on uvrA function and is thought to involve thermal induction of excision repair enzymes. In a uvrA6 mutant, a temperature-independent component of suppression was seen. This is thought to indicate that recA441 also caused temperature-independent changes in recA activity. Two hypotheses are offered to explain how recA441 produced both thermosensitive and thermoindependent effects.

Published
1984
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44. Defects in the Immune System of Mice Infected with Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus

Author

Bro-Jørgensen, K. and Volkert, M.

Abstract

Acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection of adult mice is associated with general immunosuppression, which develops during the 2nd week of the infection and persists for a period of 2 to 3 months. Studies of some cellular events in the immune system of infected mice brought to light a number of findings which seemed relevant to this immunosuppressive effect. Colony-forming stem cells, which may act as the precursors of the lymphoid cells, were temporarily inhibited during the first period of the infection. Presumably this inhibition also affected the thymus cells, which decreased dramatically at the same time. At a later stage of infection, defects developed within the population of immunocompetent cells, and this was most probably a consequence of the preceding suppression of the precursor cells. The defects in the immunocompetent cells were temporally related to the immunosuppression and seemed to be the ultimate cause of this phenomenon. At all events, antibody-forming cells were not damaged by the virus. In studies of neonatally infected baby mice, it was found that the development of immunological responsiveness was completely abolished for the first 2 weeks of life. It is therefore probable that the generation of immunocompetent cells was also affected in the babies. Evidence was obtained supporting the hypothesis that this effect played an important role for the induction of tolerance to the virus in the neonatally infected mice.

Published
1974
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45. Transcriptional activation of the Escherichia coli adaptive response gene aidB is mediated by binding of methylated Ada protein. Evidence for a new consensus sequence for Ada-binding sites.

Author

Landini, P and Volkert, M R

Abstract

The Escherichia coli aidB gene is part of the adaptive response to DNA methylation damage. Genes belonging to the adaptive response are positively regulated by the ada gene; the Ada protein acts as a transcriptional activator when methylated in one of its cysteine residues at position 69. Through DNaseI protection assays, we show that methylated Ada (meAda) is able to bind a DNA sequence between 40 and 60 base pairs upstream of the aidB transcriptional startpoint. Binding of meAda is necessary to activate transcription of the adaptive response genes; accordingly, in vitro transcription of aidB is dependent on the presence of meAda. Unmethylated Ada protein shows no protection against DNaseI digestion in the aidB promoter region nor does it promote aidB in vitro transcription. The aidB Ada-binding site shows only weak homology to the proposed consensus sequences for Ada-binding sites in E. coli (AAANNAA and AAAGCGCA) but shares a higher degree of similarity with the Ada-binding regions from other bacterial species, such as Salmonella typhimurium and Bacillus subtilis. Based on the comparison of five different Ada-dependent promoter regions, we suggest that a possible recognition sequence for meAda might be AATnnnnnnG-CAA. Higher concentrations of Ada are required for the binding of aidB than for the ada promoter, suggesting lower affinity of the protein for the aidB Ada-binding site. Common features in the Ada-binding regions of ada and aidB are a high A/T content, the presence of an inverted repeat structure, and their position relative to the transcriptional start site. We propose that these elements, in addition to the proposed recognition sequence, are important for binding of the Ada protein.

Published
1995

46. Altered induction of the adaptive response to alkylation damage in Escherichia coli recF mutants

Author

Volkert, M R

Abstract

Escherichia coli recF mutants are hypermutable when treated with methyl methanesulfonate (G. C. Walker, Mol. Gen. Genet. 152:93-103, 1977). In this study, methylation hypermutability of recF mutant strains was examined, and it was found that recF+ is required for normal induction of the adaptive response to alkylation damage. Although this regulatory effect of recF mutations results in reduced levels of enzymes that specifically repair methyl lesions in DNA, it only partially explains the hypermutability. Further examination showed that methylation hypermutability of recF mutant strains required a functional umuDC operon, a component of the SOS response. These results lead to the hypothesis that methylation hypermutability results from the effects of recF mutations on the induction of both the SOS response and the adaptive response.

Published
1989
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47. Suppression of Escherichia coli recF mutations by recA-linked srfA mutations

Author

Volkert, M R and Hartke, M A

Abstract

Suppressors of recF (srfA) were found by selection for resistance to mitomycin C and UV irradiation in a recB21 recC22 sbcB15 recF143 strain. srfA mutations map in recA and are dominant to srfA+. They suppress both the DNA repair and the recombination deficiencies due to recF mutations. Therefore, RecA protein which is altered by the srfA mutation can allow genetic recombination to proceed in the absence of recB, recC, and recF functions. recF is also required for induction of the SOS response after UV damage. We propose that recF+ normally functions to allow the expression of two recA activities, one that is required for the RecF pathway of recombination and another that is required for SOS induction. The two RecA activities are different and are separable by mutation since srfA mutations permit recombination to proceed but have not caused a dramatic increase in SOS induction in recF mutants. According to this hypothesis, one role for recF in DNA repair and recombination is to modulate RecA activities to allow RecA to participate in these recF-dependent processes.

Published
1984
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48. Induction of specific Escherichia coli genes by sublethal treatments with alkylating agents.

Author

Volkert, M R and Nguyen, D C

Abstract

Fusions of the lac operon to genes induced by treatment with sublethal levels of alkylating agents have been selected from random insertions of the Mu-dl(ApRlac) phage by screening for induction of beta-galactosidase activity in the presence of methyl methanesulfonate. Genetic analysis reveals that these fusions resulted from insertion of Mu-dl(ApRlac) into two regions of the chromosome. One region (aidA) is near his and, based on phenotypic effects, appears to represent insertion into the alkA gene. The other region (aidB) is in the 92.3- to 98-min region, which harbors no previously identified genes involved in repair of alkylation damage. The aidB fusions caused increased resistance to alkylating agents and caused little or no change in the biological effects of adaptation to alkylating agents. Unlike the aidA fusions, aidB fusions showed increased beta-galactosidase activity in untreated cells in a growth phase-dependent fashion. The ada-5 mutation, which blocks expression of the adaptive response, decreased induction of beta-galactosidase activity in both aidA and aidB fusions after alkylation treatments. Thus, both aidA and aidB share with adaptive response a common regulatory mechanism involving the ada gene. The growth phase-dependent control of the aidB fusions, however, is unaffected by ada, suggesting that a second regulatory mechanism exists that controls only aidB.

Published
1984
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49. The activity of T and B lymphocytes in immunity and tolerance to the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in mice

Author

Volkert, M, Bro-Jorgensen, K, Marker, O, Rubin, B, and Trier, L

Subjects
B-Lymphocytes, Immunity, Cellular, Mice, Inbred C3H, T-Lymphocytes, Cell Separation, Antibodies, Mice, Antibody Formation, Immune Tolerance, Animals, Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, Female, Research Article, Antilymphocyte Serum
Abstract

Treatment with anti-theta serum and the Wigzell column technique for cell separation was employed to study the separate functions of the B and T lymphocytes in the late states of immunity to the LCM virus in mice. The cell preparations examined were mixtures of spleen and lymph node cells from immune mice. The results revealed that the anti-viral effect of such cells after transfer to virus carriers was unimpaired in T cell-enriched and B cell-deprived cell preparations. The anti-viral effect was also retained in cell preparations deprived so much of B cells that no antibody was produced in the virus carrier mice receiving transplants of these cells. The results strongly indicate that the anti-viral effect of late immune cells is not only T cell-dependent but that it is also mediated solely by T cells and, moreover, that antibodies have no or very little influence on the virus elimination. The observation that antibody production could be caused neither by column-passed cells nor by anti-theta serum-treated cells, but was obtained by mixtures of these cells, demonstrates that co-operation between T and B cells is crucial for the LCM antibody response. Accordingly, the convincing demonstration of the absence in the persistent virus carriers of cells which, in respect of antibody production, are able to co-operate either with column-passed or with anti-theta serum-treated immune cells, implies that such animals are extremely deficient as regards immune function of both B and T LCM-primed lymphocytes.

Published
1975

50. The timing of the immune response in relation to virus growth determines the outcome of the LCM infection

Author

Allan Randrup Thomsen, Volkert, M., and Marker, O.

Subjects
Cytotoxicity, Immunologic, Immunosuppression Therapy, Male, Immunity, Cellular, Mice, Inbred C3H, Time Factors, Brain, Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis, Mice, Transplantation, Isogeneic, Lymphocyte Transfusion, Animals, Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, Female, Immunosuppressive Agents, Spleen
Abstract

In the present study earlier observations of a dual role of the immune response against lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus were confirmed and extended. At different times after intracerebral (i.c.) inoculation of the virus, groups of immunosuppressed recipients were transplanted with primary effector cells or memory cells, and the mortality was recorded. The brains and blood of untransplanted immunosuppressed recipients were titrated at intervals after the i.c. challenge, and so were the brains of mice receiving peak primary effector cells at various times relative to the i.c. challenge. The results showed a definite correlation between the brain virus titre at the time of the immune attack and the clinical outcome of the LCM infection. Furthermore, the results indicated that the extent of the extraneural infection is not unimportant but may affect the outcome of the infection through competition for the effector cells. The possible implications of these findings are discussed.

Published
1979

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