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Background: Athanasios Koukopoulos provided a radical model for understanding depressive and manic conditions. Objective: To review, explain, and analyze Koukopoulos’ concept of the primacy of mania, with special attention to the role of antidepressants. Method: A conceptual review of Koukopoulos’ writings and lectures on this topic is given. Results: Koukopoulos held that depressive states are caused by manic states; the former do not occur without the latter. The most common scenario of the inseparability of depressive and manic symptoms occurs in mixed states, which we estimate to represent about one-half of all depressive episodes in all patients (not just bipolar illness). In a review of the empirical evidence for this topic, we conclude that empirical evidence exists to support the primary of mania thesis in almost 80% of depressed patients. Since antidepressants worsen mania, they would be expected to worsen depression as well in this model. We provide evidence that supports this view in most persons with depressive states. Conclusion: Koukopoulos’ model of affective illness is one where manic states are the primary pathology, and depressive conditions are a secondary consequence. Hence treatment of depression with antidepressants would be less effective than treatment with mood stabilizers, since treating an effect is less successful than treating its cause. This approach would reverse current assumptions in psychiatry.

The article offers suggestions on using modern technology in speed scouting for hunting. Modern technology can help hunter to know about animal movement without actually visiting the place for hours or days to find out the movement patterns. Google Maps and Google Earth programs can be used to check out a hunting area even from the comfort of one's home.

A personal narrative is presented which explores the author's experience of being able to understand animal behaviour such as the deer.

The article deals with 10 common hunting myths concerning deer rut. Many hunters believe that the full moon has an effect on the timing of the rut. They also believe that taking up a stand near a fresh scrape during the rut have better odds that a buck will return. Hunters also believe that rut will be delayed when the weather is to hot.

The article offers early season hunting tips needed to outwit other hunters and exploit early season escape tactics of mature bucks. It notes that older bucks are more secure drinking from hidden water sources and one has to locate these out-of-the-way sources. It suggests scouting for other hunters and the sign they leave behind instead of scouting for deer sign. Scent and calls can work during the early season and recommends the use of a rattle bag or subtle and social buck grunts.

The article offers helpful tips for finding deer hotspots through a knowledge about reading aerial photographs and maps. It mentions information that can be found in topographical maps made in a scale of 1:24,000, also called 7.5-minute quadrangle maps, the date it was produced, direction and colour-coded geographic areas. It also notes the contour lines, the saddle, the bench and ridgelines that are deer travel hotspots while aerial photographs display the hedgerows and field edges.

A personal narrative is presented which explores the author's experience of preparing and hunting for a mule deer.

The author offers 10 hunting tips on spotting and stalking deer. He says the first step is to scout an area to be familiar with travel patterns of deer, their food sources, scrape and rub location and bedding areas. He advises hunters not to be time conscious because spotting and stalking deer means taking slow. He adds that spotting and stalking deer also involves finding a deer before it finds the hunter.

The author offers advice on using shotgun when turkey hunting. He points out that paying attention to detail and customizing the shotgun are some ways to optimize the gun's performance and to achieve hunting success. He explains why a turkey gun should not be pointed at the target but rather aimed. He claims that the preferred gun model of veteran turkey hunters is the 12-gauge pump-action shotgun chambered for 3.5-inch shells.

The article provides information on the tree stand being used by deer hunters. It describes the basic models of tree stands including the fixed position stands, climbing stands, and ladder stands. The author relates that he considers factors such as terrain features, structure, and food sources when scouting for the right tree. He believes that tree stand height is of no consideration for the tree stand.

Transient anisotropy experiments on the triiodide photodissociation reaction in liquid solution are presented for excitation with 30-fs, 400-nm optical pulses. The decay of the spatial diatomic fragment distribution that is initially created through the process of bond fission occurs on three distinct time scales. On an ultrashort time scale well below 1 ps, an inertial contribution can clearly be distinguished. The corresponding Gaussian decay is described by correlation times around 450 fs. This ultrafast component reflects substantial rotational excitation of the diatomic product which results from impulsive photodissociation of the parent molecule. The contribution of the bending coordinate to the reaction mechanism in liquid solution is emphasized using a simple impulsive model for rotational excitation of the diatomic fragment. An intermediate time scale is characterized by an additional exponential contribution to the anisotropy decay with time constants around 2 ps and coincides with the time scale for vibrational relaxation of the diatomic fragment. On even longer times scales, rotational diffusion of the diatomic fragment governs the anisotropy decay with typical time constants of about 12 ps. A pronounced probe wavelength dependence of the rotational diffusion time constant is explained by an effective hydrodynamic volume that is detected by the probe pulse and originates from the anharmonicity of the diiodide potential. Finally, nuclear coherences at the diiodide vibrational frequency are observed in the inertial decay of the anisotropy. This novel effect is speculated to arise from a coupled motion of the system along all possible bending and stretching coordinates.

The author explains the four factors of deer movement, namely, food, cover, terrain and structure. He describes the four factors as the foundations of proper scouting in bow hunting. Covers are used by the animal as resting areas or travel corridors. He mentions the preference of deer for the easiest route that gives them sufficient cover.

The article discusses how hunters can use modern computer technology to support their hunting success story with visual evidence. According to the author, there is a website that specializes in digital enhancement of a trophy game animal. The author states that the website allows hunters to increase the image size of their trophy animal and change the background of the image. The author notes that this indicates that the digital age has entered the field of hunting.

The article describes the different kinds of hunter. An equipment hunter is the one who always buy the latest hunting equipment. The wise hunter is the kind of hunter who likes to keep everybody at a distance. The trophy hunter is the kind of hunter who can entertain a crowd with his stories of how many trophy-book animals he has killed.

The article discusses the difficulty of being a hunter. It notes that one has to first establish the type of hunter one wants to be such as being a bowhunter. It notes how modern hunters have to go over several bureaucratic obstacles to get a hunting license including graduating from a mandatory hunter education and a fire-arm safety course. It also mentions the hunting regulations and special Limited Entry Hunting (LEH) licenses before the hunting actually starts.

The article presents options for shifting the blame when unsuccessful in hunting. According to the author, blame can be placed on the game animal for failing to catch them as they are never where they are expected to be. The author, in defence of the game animal, shares that they just do not know better. He mentions that the weather and other hunters can also be the reason for scaring away the animal, while the rifle and ammunition can be blamed for failure.

The gas phase chlorination of nitriles under photolytic conditions is investigated and discussed.