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A brief description of the 4 Ss (situation, self, supports, strategies) System for coping with transitions is provided, with examples of each of the categories. ********** My fascination with transitions [...]

The authors propose a vocational counseling theory and intervention, referred to as African Nationhood Vocational Theory and Process (ANVTP), for counseling persons of African descent, particularly African Americans. The proposed model is rooted within an African-centered theoretical framework. In addition to assisting clients with career choice, job satisfaction, and job transition, ANVTP emphasizes the process of fulfilling one's life purpose and/or destiny as the primary basis of occupational achievement. Few, if any, vocational counseling theories exist with the specific aim of addressing issues germane to African Americans. The present model seeks to contribute to the extant literature. Implications for vocational counseling and development are discussed. Future developments of this model is recommended in practice, research, and training., 'I just don't' believe there is any higher calling for a talented business person these days than to tackle the job of developing our [Black] communities.' --Jesse Hill, Jr. As [...]

Any framework used to conceptualize the career development of women and of racial and ethnic minorities must accommodate multiple influences shaping their experiences concurrently and over time. An ecological model [...]

The contributions of the Power/Rothausen model to midcareer development are reviewed and related to other relevant concepts regarding this career stage. Needs for expansion of the model and explication of its counseling implications are also discussed.

The personal study program (PSP) can be defined as a tool for the successful accomplishment of vocational adult training. The program defines the objectives of education and training and the [...]

The author addresses the importance of vocational assessment for students with disabilities, discusses the legislative and governmental impetus for the development of vocational assessment programs in the schools, and presents several current vocational assessment models. The transdisciplinary vocational assessment model developed by the author, school-based models that have been developed in four states, and a traditional rehabilitation-based model are presented.

This study used path analysis to examine the effects of work-related factors--including principal support, stress, role problems, job satisfaction, and commitment--on 542 Virginia special educators' expressions of intent to stay in teaching. Demographic variables--including teachers of students with emotional disabilities and race and gender of teachers--were treated as exogenous variables. Job satisfaction had a positive direct effect on intention to stay in teaching. Factors w small effects included professional commitment and perceived employability outside teaching. Principal support, stress, and role problems had direct effects on job satisfaction and commitment. Work-related variables should be included in strategies for retaining special educators., * The need to understand what influences special education teachers' commitment and retention is important in this era of teacher shortages. According to the Fifteenth Annual Report to Congress (U.S. [...]

This article presents a brief description of integrative life planning (ILP), the career theory/ concept created in the 1990s by the author. It describes what she calls 'the heart of [...]

Unplanned events occur every day and have a deep impact on individuals' lives. The happenstance learning theory (Krumboltz, 2009; Krumboltz & Levin, 2010), briefly summarized in this article, provides guidance [...]

Since its introduction nearly 25 years ago, Holland's (1985) hexagon has remained in skeletal form. The hexagon is used to depict similarities and differences among occupations - but only six general types of occupations. The authors show in this article how to extend the basic concepts embodied in the hexagon. Procedures for locating counselees and occupations on the hexagon are illustrated. These procedures, which are compatible with scores from a wide variety of assessment instruments, can help counselees identify and explore occupational options. The authors also report research on the hexagon locations of 27 career groups.

Dr Gerard Egan's model for decision-making can be used as a tool in career counseling. Career counselors of the Eastern Kentucky University tried out the model on 35 individuals at different stages of career development. After the test period, 97% of those tested expressed their intention to use the same model in future career decisions. Career counselors found it to easy to use, flexible to the needs of the client, and economical. Dr Egan's model was drawn from other humanistic and social learning theories.

Traditional theories of career development are inadequate due to the complexity of today's work world. As changes occur in society and the world-of-work, employment counselors need new ways of dealing [...]