133 results on '"Vlad N"'
Search Results
2. Opioids and sleep
- Author
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Cutrufello, Nicholas J., Ianus, Vlad N., and Rowley, James A.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. The Mathematics of the Harp: Modeling the Classical Instrument and Designing Futuristic Ones
- Author
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Carr, Cristina, Chioffi, Daniel, Glenn, Maya, Nita, Stefan O, Nita, Vlad N, Nita, Bogdan G., Carr, Cristina, Chioffi, Daniel, Glenn, Maya, Nita, Stefan O, Nita, Vlad N, and Nita, Bogdan G.
- Abstract
We analyze and model the neck of the classical harp based on the length of the strings, their tension and density. We then use the results to design new and innovative harp shapes by adjusting the parameters of the model.
- Published
- 2023
4. A New Voltammetric Approach for Electrochemical Determination of Lamotrigine in Pharmaceutical Samples
- Author
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Tatiana Ciurea, Vlad N. Stoica, Cristian Dragos Stefanescu, Mihaela Buleandra, Adela Magdalena Ciobanu, and Anton Alexandru Ciucu
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Electrochemistry ,medicine ,Pharmaceutical formulation ,Lamotrigine ,Voltammetry ,Analytical Chemistry ,medicine.drug ,Nuclear chemistry - Published
- 2021
5. Physiological parameters for Prognosis in Abdominal Sepsis (PIPAS) Study: A WSES observational study
- Author
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Sartelli, M, Abu-Zidan, F, Labricciosa, F, Kluger, Y, Coccolini, F, Ansaloni, L, Leppaniemi, A, Kirkpatrick, A, Tolonen, M, Trana, C, Regimbeau, J, Hardcastle, T, Koshy, R, Abbas, A, Aday, U, Adesunkanmi, A, Ajibade, A, Akhmeteli, L, Akln, E, Akkapulu, N, Alotaibi, A, Altintoprak, F, Anyfantakis, D, Atanasov, B, Augustin, G, Azevedo, C, Bala, M, Balalis, D, Baraket, O, Baral, S, Barkai, O, Beltran, M, Bini, R, Bouliaris, K, Caballero, A, Calu, V, Catani, M, Ceresoli, M, Charalampakis, V, Jusoh, A, Chiarugi, M, Cillara, N, Cuesta, R, Cobuccio, L, Cocorullo, G, Colak, E, Conti, L, Cui, Y, De Simone, B, Delibegovic, S, Demetrashvili, Z, Demetriades, D, Dimova, A, Dogjani, A, Enani, M, Farina, F, Ferrara, F, Foghetti, D, Fontana, T, Fraga, G, Gachabayov, M, Gerard, G, Ghnnam, W, Maurel, T, Gkiokas, G, Gomes, C, Guner, A, Gupta, S, Hecker, A, Hirano, E, Hodonou, A, Hutan, M, Ilaschuk, I, Ioannidis, O, Isik, A, Ivakhov, G, Jain, S, Jokubauskas, M, Karamarkovic, A, Kaushik, R, Kenig, J, Khokha, V, Khokha, D, Kim, J, Kong, V, Korkolis, D, Kruger, V, Kshirsagar, A, Simoes, R, Lanaia, A, Lasithiotakis, K, Leao, P, Arellano, M, Listle, H, Litvin, A, Lizarazu Perez, A, Lopez-Tomassetti Fernandez, E, Lostoridis, E, Luppi, D, Machain V, G, Major, P, Manatakis, D, Reitz, M, Marinis, A, Marrelli, D, Martinez-Perez, A, Marwah, S, Mcfarlane, M, Mesic, M, Mesina, C, Michalopoulos, N, Misiakos, E, Moreira, F, Mouaqit, O, Muhtaroglu, A, Naidoo, N, Negoi, I, Nikitina, Z, Nikolopoulos, I, Nita, G, Occhionorelli, S, Olaoye, I, Ordonez, C, Ozkan, Z, Pal, A, Palini, G, Papageorgiou, K, Papagoras, D, Pata, F, Pedziwiatr, M, Pereira, J, Pereira Junior, G, Perrone, G, Pintar, T, Pisarska, M, Plehutsa, O, Podda, M, Poillucci, G, Quiodettis, M, Rahim, T, Rios-Cruz, D, Rodrigues, G, Rozov, D, Sakakushev, B, Sall, I, Sazhin, A, Semiao, M, Sharda, T, Shelat, V, Sinibaldi, G, Skicko, D, Skrovina, M, Stamatiou, D, Stella, M, Strzalka, M, Sydorchuk, R, Teixeira Gonsaga, R, Tochie, J, Tomadze, G, Ugoletti, L, Ulrych, J, Umarik, T, Uzunoglu, M, Vasilescu, A, Vaz, O, Vereczkei, A, Vlad, N, Waledziak, M, Yahya, A, Yalkin, O, Yilmaz, T, Unal, A, Yuan, K, Zachariah, S, Zilinskas, J, Zizzo, M, Pattonieri, V, Baiocchi, G, Catena, F, Sartelli M., Abu-Zidan F. M., Labricciosa F. M., Kluger Y., Coccolini F., Ansaloni L., Leppaniemi A., Kirkpatrick A. W., Tolonen M., Trana C., Regimbeau J. -M., Hardcastle T., Koshy R. M., Abbas A., Aday U., Adesunkanmi A. R. K., Ajibade A., Akhmeteli L., Akln E., Akkapulu N., Alotaibi A., Altintoprak F., Anyfantakis D., Atanasov B., Augustin G., Azevedo C., Bala M., Balalis D., Baraket O., Baral S., Barkai O., Beltran M., Bini R., Bouliaris K., Caballero A. B., Calu V., Catani M., Ceresoli M., Charalampakis V., Jusoh A. C., Chiarugi M., Cillara N., Cuesta R. C., Cobuccio L., Cocorullo G., Colak E., Conti L., Cui Y., De Simone B., Delibegovic S., Demetrashvili Z., Demetriades D., Dimova A., Dogjani A., Enani M., Farina F., Ferrara F., Foghetti D., Fontana T., Fraga G. P., Gachabayov M., Gerard G., Ghnnam W., Maurel T. G., Gkiokas G., Gomes C. A., Guner A., Gupta S., Hecker A., Hirano E. S., Hodonou A., Hutan M., Ilaschuk I., Ioannidis O., Isik A., Ivakhov G., Jain S., Jokubauskas M., Karamarkovic A., Kaushik R., Kenig J., Khokha V., Khokha D., Kim J. I., Kong V., Korkolis D., Kruger V. F., Kshirsagar A., Simoes R. L., Lanaia A., Lasithiotakis K., Leao P., Arellano M. L., Listle H., Litvin A., Lizarazu Perez A., Lopez-Tomassetti Fernandez E., Lostoridis E., Luppi D., Machain V G. M., Major P., Manatakis D., Reitz M. M., Marinis A., Marrelli D., Martinez-Perez A., Marwah S., McFarlane M., Mesic M., Mesina C., Michalopoulos N., Misiakos E., Moreira F. G., Mouaqit O., Muhtaroglu A., Naidoo N., Negoi I., Nikitina Z., Nikolopoulos I., Nita G. -E., Occhionorelli S., Olaoye I., Ordonez C. A., Ozkan Z., Pal A., Palini G. M., Papageorgiou K., Papagoras D., Pata F., Pedziwiatr M., Pereira J., Pereira Junior G. A., Perrone G., Pintar T., Pisarska M., Plehutsa O., Podda M., Poillucci G., Quiodettis M., Rahim T., Rios-Cruz D., Rodrigues G., Rozov D., Sakakushev B., Sall I., Sazhin A., Semiao M., Sharda T., Shelat V., Sinibaldi G., Skicko D., Skrovina M., Stamatiou D., Stella M., Strzalka M., Sydorchuk R., Teixeira Gonsaga R. A., Tochie J. N., Tomadze G., Ugoletti L., Ulrych J., Umarik T., Uzunoglu M. Y., Vasilescu A., Vaz O., Vereczkei A., Vlad N., Waledziak M., Yahya A. I., Yalkin O., Yilmaz T. U., Unal A. E., Yuan K. -C., Zachariah S. K., Zilinskas J., Zizzo M., Pattonieri V., Baiocchi G. L., Catena F., Sartelli, M, Abu-Zidan, F, Labricciosa, F, Kluger, Y, Coccolini, F, Ansaloni, L, Leppaniemi, A, Kirkpatrick, A, Tolonen, M, Trana, C, Regimbeau, J, Hardcastle, T, Koshy, R, Abbas, A, Aday, U, Adesunkanmi, A, Ajibade, A, Akhmeteli, L, Akln, E, Akkapulu, N, Alotaibi, A, Altintoprak, F, Anyfantakis, D, Atanasov, B, Augustin, G, Azevedo, C, Bala, M, Balalis, D, Baraket, O, Baral, S, Barkai, O, Beltran, M, Bini, R, Bouliaris, K, Caballero, A, Calu, V, Catani, M, Ceresoli, M, Charalampakis, V, Jusoh, A, Chiarugi, M, Cillara, N, Cuesta, R, Cobuccio, L, Cocorullo, G, Colak, E, Conti, L, Cui, Y, De Simone, B, Delibegovic, S, Demetrashvili, Z, Demetriades, D, Dimova, A, Dogjani, A, Enani, M, Farina, F, Ferrara, F, Foghetti, D, Fontana, T, Fraga, G, Gachabayov, M, Gerard, G, Ghnnam, W, Maurel, T, Gkiokas, G, Gomes, C, Guner, A, Gupta, S, Hecker, A, Hirano, E, Hodonou, A, Hutan, M, Ilaschuk, I, Ioannidis, O, Isik, A, Ivakhov, G, Jain, S, Jokubauskas, M, Karamarkovic, A, Kaushik, R, Kenig, J, Khokha, V, Khokha, D, Kim, J, Kong, V, Korkolis, D, Kruger, V, Kshirsagar, A, Simoes, R, Lanaia, A, Lasithiotakis, K, Leao, P, Arellano, M, Listle, H, Litvin, A, Lizarazu Perez, A, Lopez-Tomassetti Fernandez, E, Lostoridis, E, Luppi, D, Machain V, G, Major, P, Manatakis, D, Reitz, M, Marinis, A, Marrelli, D, Martinez-Perez, A, Marwah, S, Mcfarlane, M, Mesic, M, Mesina, C, Michalopoulos, N, Misiakos, E, Moreira, F, Mouaqit, O, Muhtaroglu, A, Naidoo, N, Negoi, I, Nikitina, Z, Nikolopoulos, I, Nita, G, Occhionorelli, S, Olaoye, I, Ordonez, C, Ozkan, Z, Pal, A, Palini, G, Papageorgiou, K, Papagoras, D, Pata, F, Pedziwiatr, M, Pereira, J, Pereira Junior, G, Perrone, G, Pintar, T, Pisarska, M, Plehutsa, O, Podda, M, Poillucci, G, Quiodettis, M, Rahim, T, Rios-Cruz, D, Rodrigues, G, Rozov, D, Sakakushev, B, Sall, I, Sazhin, A, Semiao, M, Sharda, T, Shelat, V, Sinibaldi, G, Skicko, D, Skrovina, M, Stamatiou, D, Stella, M, Strzalka, M, Sydorchuk, R, Teixeira Gonsaga, R, Tochie, J, Tomadze, G, Ugoletti, L, Ulrych, J, Umarik, T, Uzunoglu, M, Vasilescu, A, Vaz, O, Vereczkei, A, Vlad, N, Waledziak, M, Yahya, A, Yalkin, O, Yilmaz, T, Unal, A, Yuan, K, Zachariah, S, Zilinskas, J, Zizzo, M, Pattonieri, V, Baiocchi, G, Catena, F, Sartelli M., Abu-Zidan F. M., Labricciosa F. M., Kluger Y., Coccolini F., Ansaloni L., Leppaniemi A., Kirkpatrick A. W., Tolonen M., Trana C., Regimbeau J. -M., Hardcastle T., Koshy R. M., Abbas A., Aday U., Adesunkanmi A. R. K., Ajibade A., Akhmeteli L., Akln E., Akkapulu N., Alotaibi A., Altintoprak F., Anyfantakis D., Atanasov B., Augustin G., Azevedo C., Bala M., Balalis D., Baraket O., Baral S., Barkai O., Beltran M., Bini R., Bouliaris K., Caballero A. B., Calu V., Catani M., Ceresoli M., Charalampakis V., Jusoh A. C., Chiarugi M., Cillara N., Cuesta R. C., Cobuccio L., Cocorullo G., Colak E., Conti L., Cui Y., De Simone B., Delibegovic S., Demetrashvili Z., Demetriades D., Dimova A., Dogjani A., Enani M., Farina F., Ferrara F., Foghetti D., Fontana T., Fraga G. P., Gachabayov M., Gerard G., Ghnnam W., Maurel T. G., Gkiokas G., Gomes C. A., Guner A., Gupta S., Hecker A., Hirano E. S., Hodonou A., Hutan M., Ilaschuk I., Ioannidis O., Isik A., Ivakhov G., Jain S., Jokubauskas M., Karamarkovic A., Kaushik R., Kenig J., Khokha V., Khokha D., Kim J. I., Kong V., Korkolis D., Kruger V. F., Kshirsagar A., Simoes R. L., Lanaia A., Lasithiotakis K., Leao P., Arellano M. L., Listle H., Litvin A., Lizarazu Perez A., Lopez-Tomassetti Fernandez E., Lostoridis E., Luppi D., Machain V G. M., Major P., Manatakis D., Reitz M. M., Marinis A., Marrelli D., Martinez-Perez A., Marwah S., McFarlane M., Mesic M., Mesina C., Michalopoulos N., Misiakos E., Moreira F. G., Mouaqit O., Muhtaroglu A., Naidoo N., Negoi I., Nikitina Z., Nikolopoulos I., Nita G. -E., Occhionorelli S., Olaoye I., Ordonez C. A., Ozkan Z., Pal A., Palini G. M., Papageorgiou K., Papagoras D., Pata F., Pedziwiatr M., Pereira J., Pereira Junior G. A., Perrone G., Pintar T., Pisarska M., Plehutsa O., Podda M., Poillucci G., Quiodettis M., Rahim T., Rios-Cruz D., Rodrigues G., Rozov D., Sakakushev B., Sall I., Sazhin A., Semiao M., Sharda T., Shelat V., Sinibaldi G., Skicko D., Skrovina M., Stamatiou D., Stella M., Strzalka M., Sydorchuk R., Teixeira Gonsaga R. A., Tochie J. N., Tomadze G., Ugoletti L., Ulrych J., Umarik T., Uzunoglu M. Y., Vasilescu A., Vaz O., Vereczkei A., Vlad N., Waledziak M., Yahya A. I., Yalkin O., Yilmaz T. U., Unal A. E., Yuan K. -C., Zachariah S. K., Zilinskas J., Zizzo M., Pattonieri V., Baiocchi G. L., and Catena F.
- Abstract
Background: Timing and adequacy of peritoneal source control are the most important pillars in the management of patients with acute peritonitis. Therefore, early prognostic evaluation of acute peritonitis is paramount to assess the severity and establish a prompt and appropriate treatment. The objectives of this study were to identify clinical and laboratory predictors for in-hospital mortality in patients with acute peritonitis and to develop a warning score system, based on easily recognizable and assessable variables, globally accepted. Methods: This worldwide multicentre observational study included 153 surgical departments across 56 countries over a 4-month study period between February 1, 2018, and May 31, 2018. Results: A total of 3137 patients were included, with 1815 (57.9%) men and 1322 (42.1%) women, with a median age of 47 years (interquartile range [IQR] 28-66). The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 8.9%, with a median length of stay of 6 days (IQR 4-10). Using multivariable logistic regression, independent variables associated with in-hospital mortality were identified: age > 80 years, malignancy, severe cardiovascular disease, severe chronic kidney disease, respiratory rate ≥ 22 breaths/min, systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg, AVPU responsiveness scale (voice and unresponsive), blood oxygen saturation level (SpO2) < 90% in air, platelet count < 50,000 cells/mm3, and lactate > 4 mmol/l. These variables were used to create the PIPAS Severity Score, a bedside early warning score for patients with acute peritonitis. The overall mortality was 2.9% for patients who had scores of 0-1, 22.7% for those who had scores of 2-3, 46.8% for those who had scores of 4-5, and 86.7% for those who have scores of 7-8. Conclusions: The simple PIPAS Severity Score can be used on a global level and can help clinicians to identify patients at high risk for treatment failure and mortality.
- Published
- 2019
6. THE GASTROINTESTINAL NEUROENDOCRIN TUMORS
- Author
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Târcoveanu, E., Lupașcu, C., Vasilescu, A., Vlad, N., Ciobanu Delia, Volovăț, C., Lozneanu Ludmila, Bătrineac Valeria, and Bradea, C.
- Subjects
RD1-811 ,neuroendocrin tumors (NET) ,immunohistochemistry ,carcinoid syndrome ,Medicine ,Surgery ,the gastrointestinal neuroendocrin tumors (GI-NET) ,surgical management - Abstract
Objectives. The gastrointestinal neuroendocrin tumors are rare events with clinical presentation widely variable and surgical management that is often challenging. Material and methods. We performed a retrospective study in the First Surgical Clinic, St Spiridon University Hospital, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania, in the 2005-2019 period, which included all the patients diagnosed with gastrointestinal neuroendocrin tumors by immunehistochemistry. Results. There were 37 cases diagnosed with gastrointestinal neuroendocrin tumors. The ratio male/female was 15/22 and mean age was de 42±4.365 years old (range 27-79 years). The gastrointestinal neuroendocrin tumors were: 13 – gastric, one – duodenal, 10 cases – small intestine, 10 cases – appendicular, 7 cases – large intestine and hepatic metastases – 4 cases. The carcinoid syndrome was present in 7 cases. The biological diagnosis included biological markers (e.g. serotonine, 5-HIAA). Diagnosis of the tumor site and dimension was done by ultrasound exam, Computed Tomography scan, Positron Emission Tomography scan, Octreoscan and intraoperative ultrasonography. Surgical procedures for gastric neuroendocrin tumors were: wedge tumor resection – one case; subtotal gastrectomy – one case, total gastrectomies – 3 cases. For neuroendocrin tumors of small bowel we performed 6 enterectomies and 4 ileocolectomies with lymphadenectomy. We also performed 7 appendectomies and 3 right colectomies for appendicular carcinoids. We performed 4 right colectomies, 2 left colectomies and one low anterior resection of the rectum for colorectal neuroendocrin tumors. For neuroendocrin tumors with hepatic metastases disease we performed one hepatectomy and 3 termoablations. Conclusions. The gastrointestinal neuroendocrin tumors are rare tumors, and their management is always challenging. Immunohistochemistry is mandatory for confirmation, appreciation of the proliferation and biological behavior, and permissible to use specific therapy. Aggressive surgical treatment is indicated, even in advanced stages. The treatment in patients with advanced gastrointestinal neuroendocrin tumors with metastatic disease include chemotherapy, biological therapies, and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy.
- Published
- 2021
7. The development of value-added yogurt based on pumpkin peel powder as a bioactive powder
- Author
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Roxana Nicoleta Gavril (Rațu), Petru Marian Cârlescu, Ionut Dumitru Veleșcu, Vlad Nicolae Arsenoaia, Florina Stoica, Nicoleta Stănciuc, Iuliana Aprodu, Oana Emilia Constantin, and Gabriela Râpeanu
- Subjects
Cucurbitaceae ,Pumpkin peel ,Phytochemicals ,Carotenoids ,Value added yogurt ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
This study aimed to explore the utilization of pumpkin by-products as a bioactive powder in the development of value-added yogurt. Pumpkin peel resulting from food processing contains antioxidant components like phenolics, flavonoids, and carotenoids, compounds characterized by high bioactivity. This study investigated the potential of incorporating pumpkin peel powder (PPP) into yogurt to enhance its nutritional value and sensory attributes.Results indicated that the incorporation of PPP into yogurt resulted in improvements in nutritional composition, particularly in terms of β-carotene and bioactive compounds. Additionally, the addition of PPP positively influenced the textural properties of the yogurt. The sensory evaluation revealed that the incorporation of pumpkin peel had no negative impact on the overall acceptability of the yogurt, with some samples (YPP2) even exhibiting preferred sensory characteristics compared to the control. The utilization of PPP as a bioactive powder in yogurt presents a promising strategy for reducing food waste and creating innovative, value-added dairy products. The development of such products can not only contribute to sustainable food production but also provide consumers with more diverse food choices with enhanced characteristics.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Peritoneal hydatic cysts: a series of cases and the review of literature
- Author
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Vlad, N., primary, Lupașcu, C., additional, Vasilescu, A., additional, Georgescu, Șt., additional, Bradea, C., additional, and Rusu, Delia, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. A New Voltammetric Approach for Electrochemical Determination of Lamotrigine in Pharmaceutical Samples
- Author
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Ciucu, Anton A., primary, Buleandră, Mihaela, additional, Ciurea, Tatiana, additional, Stoica, Vlad N., additional, Ştefanescu, Cristian D., additional, and Ciobanu, Adela, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. HEPATIC RESECTION FOR HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA USING A RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION DEVICE: FOS133
- Author
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Vlad, N., Tarcoveanu, E., Gouillat, C., Lupascu, C., Georgescu, S., and Moldovanu, R.
- Published
- 2012
11. IGF-1 : PREDICTIVE FACTOR OF WEIGHT LOSS AFTER GASTRIC BANDING: 662 accepted poster
- Author
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Vlad, N., Germain, N., Estour, B., and Galusca, B.
- Published
- 2012
12. Numerical analysis of the influence of the number of blades on the dynamic performance of a drone
- Author
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Sirca, A A, primary, Mariasiu, F, additional, Morariu, S, additional, and Vlad, N, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. CRISPR-Cas System, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Enterococcus Genus—A Complicated Relationship
- Author
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Carmen Costache, Ioana Colosi, Dan-Alexandru Toc, Karla Daian, David Damacus, Alexandru Botan, Adelina Toc, Adrian Gabriel Pana, Paul Panaitescu, Vlad Neculicioiu, Pavel Schiopu, Dumitrana Iordache, and Anca Butiuc-Keul
- Subjects
antibiotic resistance ,CRISPR ,CRISPRCasFinder ,efmA ,Enterococcus genus ,IsaE ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
(1) Background: The rise in antibiotic resistant bacteria poses a significant threat to public health worldwide, necessitating innovative solutions. This study explores the role of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) in the context of antibiotic resistance among different species from the Enterococcus genus. (2) Methods: The genomes of Enterococcus included in the study were analyzed using CRISPRCasFinder to distinguish between CRISPR-positive (level 4 CRISPR) and CRISPR-negative genomes. Antibiotic resistance genes were identified, and a comparative analysis explored potential associations between CRISPR presence and antibiotic resistance profiles in Enterococcus species. (3) Results: Out of ten antibiotic resistance genes found in Enterococcus species, only one, the efmA gene, showed a strong association with CRISPR-negative isolates, while the others did not significantly differ between CRISPR-positive and CRISPR-negative Enterococcus genomes. (4) Conclusion: These findings indicate that the efmA gene may be more prevalent in CRISPR-negative Enterococcus genomes, and they may contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the acquisition of antibiotic resistance genes in Enterococcus species.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. COMT and Neuregulin 1 Markers for Personalized Treatment of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders Treated with Risperidone Monotherapy
- Author
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Mariana Bondrescu, Liana Dehelean, Simona Sorina Farcas, Ion Papava, Vlad Nicoras, Dana Violeta Mager, Anca Eliza Grecescu, Petre Adrian Podaru, and Nicoleta Ioana Andreescu
- Subjects
COMT ,neuregulin 1 ,schizophrenia spectrum disorders ,risperidone monotherapy ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Pharmacogenetic markers are current targets for the personalized treatment of psychosis. Limited data exist on COMT and NRG1 polymorphisms in relation to risperidone treatment. This study focuses on the impact of COMT rs4680 and NRG1 (rs35753505, rs3924999) polymorphisms on risperidone treatment in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs). This study included 103 subjects with SSD treated with risperidone monotherapy. COMT rs4680, NRG1 rs35753505, and rs3924999 were analyzed by RT-PCR. Participants were evaluated via the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) after six weeks. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were collected. COMT rs4680 genotypes significantly differed in PANSS N scores at admission: AG>AA genotypes (p = 0.03). After six weeks of risperidone, PANSS G improvement was AA>GG (p = 0.05). The PANSS total score was as follows: AA>AG (p = 0.04), AA>GG (p = 0.02). NRG1 rs35753504 genotypes significantly differed across educational levels, with CC>CT (p = 0.02), and regarding the number of episodes, TT>CC, CT>CC (p = 0.01). The PANSS total score after six weeks of treatment showed a better improvement for TTp = 0.01). NRG1 rs3924999 genotypes revealed GGp = 0.02) for PANSS G scores after six weeks, with AG and GG requiring higher doses (p = 0.007, p = 0.02). Overall, our study suggests that the genetic polymorphisms COMT rs4680, NRG1 rs35753505, and rs3924999 significantly impact the treatment response to risperidone in patients with SSD.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. EFFECT OF GRAPE SKIN POWDER ADDITION ON CHEMICAL, NUTRITIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF CHEESE
- Author
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Roxana Nicoleta RAȚU, Marius Giorgi USTUROI, Răzvan Mihail RADU-RUSU, Ionuț Dumitru VELEȘCU, Florin Daniel LIPȘA, Vlad Nicolae ARSENOAIA, Alina Narcisa POSTOLACHE, Ioana Cristina CRIVEI, and Petru Marian CÂRLESCU
- Subjects
food ,functional ,grapes by-products ,quality ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 ,Agriculture - Abstract
Large amounts of chemicals with useful properties can be found in by-products of the processing of grapes. Consumer interest in functional foods has increased recently, with dairy products dominating this market. Constituents from grape-based by-products that are naturally occurring in grapes have the potential to enhance the functional qualities of dairy products and lessen environmental damage. As a result, the goal of this research is to provide crucial information on the use of grape skin powder as a helpful ingredient in the manufacture of cheese. In this study, grape skin powder (GSP) was added to cheese to increase its bioactive compounds content and antioxidant activity. Total phenolic content (TPC) was significantly greater in the enriched cheese (5.483±0.443 mg C3G/100 g DW). Adding 2% grape skin powder to the cheese formulation gave an increase of 0.295 mg CE/g DW of TFC and 2.046 mg GAE/g DW of TPC. The GSP-supplemented cheese also showed greater antioxidant activity than the control. This study demonstrates that grape by-products can effectively transfer beneficial compounds to cheese.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. INDICATORS OF PRE-SLAUGHTER STRESS IN PIGS AND THEIR IMPACT ON MEAT QUALITY
- Author
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Vlad Nicolae ARSENOAIA and Răzvan Nicolae MĂLĂNCUȘ
- Subjects
blood glucose ,carcass evaluation ,cortisol ,pork ,post-slaughter processing ,stress ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 ,Agriculture - Abstract
The pre-slaughter handling and transport of pigs can cause stress and negatively affect the quality of meat. This article aims to investigate the impact of pre-slaughter stress on meat quality. The literature suggests that pre-slaughter stress has a significant impact on meat quality, resulting in lower meat pH, increased drip loss, and decreased meat tenderness. When the body experiences stress, cortisol triggers the liver to release glucose into the bloodstream, which provides energy for the body to respond to the stressful situation. Both serum cortisol and blood glucose levels increased post-slaughter, with a post-slaughter mean value of 7.28 µg/dl for serum cortisol (compared to the initial mean value of 6.08 µg/dl), while the blood glucose values revealed a highly catabolic state, with mean post-slaughter values of 143.24 mg/dl compared to 129.11 mg/dl mean pre-slaughter results. The study highlights a direct relationship between increased serum cortisol levels and blood glucose values when comparing the pre- and post-slaughter values with the normal reference ranges, with a highly significant correlation between the mentioned parameters (p
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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17. Fostemsavir resistance-associated polymorphisms in HIV-1 subtype C in a large cohort of treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced individuals in Botswana
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Boitumelo J. L. Zuze, Botshelo T. Radibe, Wonderful T. Choga, Ontlametse T. Bareng, Natasha O. Moraka, Dorcas Maruapula, Kedumetse Seru, Patrick Mokgethi, Baitshepi Mokaleng, Nokuthula Ndlovu, Nametso Kelentse, Molly Pretorius-Holme, Roger Shapiro, Shahin Lockman, Joseph Makhema, Vlad Novitsky, Kaelo K. Seatla, Sikhulile Moyo, and Simani Gaseitsiwe
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HIV-1 C ,entry inhibitors ,fostemsavir (FTR) ,drug-resistant mutations (DRMs) ,polymorphisms ,Botswana ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
ABSTRACT There are limited data on the prevalence of fostemsavir (FTR) resistance-associated polymorphisms in people with HIV in Botswana. We sought to determine the prevalence of FTR resistance-associated polymorphisms in HIV-1 subtype C sequences from antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve and ART-experienced individuals in Botswana. Previously reported FTR resistance-associated polymorphisms from literature were surveyed from HIV-1C proviral sequences generated from a large HIV-1 population-based cohort enrolled between 2013 and 2018. Sequences from ART-naïve and ART-experienced individuals were included in the analysis. A total of 6,078 participants with gp120 sequences were included in this study, and 6,030 (99.2%) had known ART status; 1,282 (21.3%) were from ART-naïve individuals, while 4,748 (78.7%) were from individuals on ART at study enrollment. Viral load (VL) data were available for 4,739 (99.8%) ART-experienced individuals, of whom 4,526 (95.5%) were suppressed and 213 (4.5%) had virologic failure (VF) (VL >400). Among those with VF and ART naive, the overall prevalence of FTR resistance was 13.3% (95% CI 11.6%–15.1%) and did not differ between ART-experienced with VF individuals (29/213, 13.6%) and ART-naïve individuals (170/1,282, 13.3%) (P-value = 0.9). The most predominant mutations (prevalence ≥1.0%) were M434I (9.8%), M475I (5.9%), and M426L (1.1%). The overall prevalence of FTR polymorphisms was similar in both ART-naïve and ART-experienced individuals with VF in a setting with no prior FTR exposure. We recommend further studies on the phenotypic impact of these polymorphisms to guide how to monitor for FTR resistance. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT01965470.) IMPORTANCE Fostemsavir (FTR) is a newly licensed antiretroviral drug that has been shown to have activity against HIV-1. The mechanism of action of FTR is different from all currently available antiretrovirals (ARVs), and as such, it offers hope for HIV-1 suppression in those people with HIV (PWH) who harbor HIV-1 variants with drug resistance mutations to currently used ARVs. Using 6,030 HIV-1 sequences covering the HIV-1 envelope from PWH in Botswana who are antiretroviral therapy (ART) naïve as well as those who are failing ART, we explored the sequences for FTR resistance-associated polymorphisms. We found the prevalence of FTR polymorphisms to be similar in both ART-naïve and ART-experienced individuals with VF in this setting, with no prior FTR exposure. Further studies on the phenotypic impact of these polymorphisms are warranted to guide how to monitor for FTR resistance.
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- 2023
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18. Epigenetic and Coping Mechanisms of Stress in Affective Disorders: A Scoping Review
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Brenda-Cristiana Bernad, Mirela-Cleopatra Tomescu, Teodora Anghel, Diana Lungeanu, Virgil Enătescu, Elena Silvia Bernad, Vlad Nicoraș, Diana-Aurora Arnautu, and Lavinia Hogea
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epigenetic ,coping ,stress ,affective disorders ,DNA methylation ,childhood trauma ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
This review aims to explore the intricate relationship among epigenetic mechanisms, stress, and affective disorders, focusing on how early life experiences and coping mechanisms contribute to susceptibility to mood disorders. Epigenetic factors play a crucial role in regulating gene expression without altering the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) sequence, and recent research has revealed associations between epigenetic changes and maladaptive responses to stress or psychiatric disorders. A scoping review of 33 studies employing the PRISMA-S (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses—Statement) guidelines investigates the role of stress-induced epigenetic mechanisms and coping strategies in affective disorder occurrence, development, and progression. The analysis encompasses various stress factors, including childhood trauma, work-related stress, and dietary deficiencies, alongside epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation and altered gene expression. Findings indicate that specific stress-related genes frequently exhibit epigenetic changes associated with affective disorders. Moreover, the review examines coping mechanisms in patients with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder, revealing mixed associations between coping strategies and symptom severity. While active coping is correlated with better outcomes, emotion-focused coping may exacerbate depressive or manic episodes. Overall, this review underscores the complex interplay among genetic predisposition, environmental stressors, coping mechanisms, and affective disorders. Understanding these interactions is essential for developing targeted interventions and personalized treatment strategies for individuals with mood disorders. However, further research is needed to elucidate specific genomic loci involved in affective disorders and the clinical implications of coping strategies in therapeutic settings.
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- 2024
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19. Doravirine-associated resistance mutations in antiretroviral therapy naïve and experienced adults with HIV-1 subtype C infection in Botswana
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Ontlametse T. Bareng, Sekgabo Seselamarumo, Kaelo K. Seatla, Wonderful T. Choga, Blessing Bakae, Dorcas Maruapula, Nametso Kelentse, Natasha O. Moraka, Baitshepi Mokaleng, Patrick T. Mokgethi, Tsotlhe R. Ditlhako, Molly Pretorius-Holme, Mpaphi B. Mbulawa, Refeletswe Lebelonyane, Ebi Celestin Bile, Tendani Gaolathe, Roger Shapiro, Joseph M. Makhema, Shahin Lockman, Max Essex, Vlad Novitsky, Sununguko W. Mpoloka, Sikhulile Moyo, and Simani Gaseitsiwe
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HIV-1C ,Drug resistance mutations ,Antiretroviral (ART) experienced ,Antiretroviral (ART) naive ,Doravirine ,Botswana ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
ABSTRACT: Objectives: There are limited data on the prevalence of doravirine (DOR)-associated drug resistance mutations in people with HIV (PWH) in Botswana. This cross-sectional, retrospective study aimed to explore the prevalence of DOR-associated resistance mutations among ART-naïve and -experienced PWH in Botswana enrolled in the population-based Botswana Combination Prevention Project (BCPP). Methods: A total of 6078 HIV-1C pol sequences were analysed for DOR-associated resistance mutations using the Stanford HIV drug resistance database, and their levels were predicted according to the Stanford DRM penalty scores and resistance interpretation. Virologic failure was defined as HIV-1 RNA load (VL) >400 copies/mL. Results: Among 6078 PWH, 5999 (99%) had known ART status, and 4529/5999 (79%) were on ART at time of sampling. The suppression rate among ART-experienced was 4517/4729 (96%). The overall prevalence of any DOR-associated resistance mutations was 181/1473 (12.3% [95% confidence interval {CI}: 10.7–14.1]); by ART status: 42/212 (19.8% [95% CI: 14.7–25.4]) among ART-failing individuals (VL ≥400 copies/mL) and 139/1261 (11.0% [95% CI: 9.3–12.9]) among ART-naïve individuals (P < 0.01). Intermediate DOR-associated resistance mutations were observed in 106/1261 (7.8% [95% CI: 6.9–10.1]) in ART-naïve individuals and 29/212 (13.7% [95% CI: 9.4–8.5]) among ART-experienced participants (P < 0.01). High-level DOR-associated resistance mutations were observed in 33/1261 (2.6% [95% CI: 1.8–3.7]) among ART-naïve and 13/212 (6.1% [95% CI: 3.6–10.8]) among ART-failing PWH (P < 0.01). PWH failing ART with at least one EFV/NVP-associated resistance mutation had high prevalence 13/67 (19.4%) of high-level DOR-associated resistance mutations. Conclusion: DOR-associated mutations were rare (11.0%) among ART-naive PWH but present in 62.7% of Botswana individuals who failed NNRTI-based ART with at least one EFV/NVP-associated resistance mutation. Testing for HIV drug resistance should underpin the use of DOR in PWH who have taken first-generation NNRTIs.
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- 2022
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20. Numerical analysis of the influence of the number of blades on the dynamic performance of a drone.
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Sirca, A. A., Mariasiu, F., Morariu, S., and Vlad, N.
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NUMERICAL analysis ,PROBLEM solving ,AIR flow ,RELATIVE velocity ,CROPS ,PHYTOSANITATION ,WINDSHIELD wipers - Abstract
The use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and known under the generic name of drones is increasingly present in different economic sectors, due to the versatility they offer in solving specific problems. The specific problems to be solved, however, raise the need for the technical characteristics of the drones to be optimized according to the specific usage. In the case of drones used in technological processes in agriculture, they must offer a high autonomy, that can be increased by optimizing their weight. The paper proposes the study of the dynamics of the air flow according to the configuration of the drone rotor (2 and 3 rotor respectively) by numerical analysis methods for the further development of a drone that will be used in the phytosanitary treatment process of agricultural crops. The parameters evaluated and compared are the specific parameters for characterizing the airflow: velocity and relative pressure (at different nacelle's section, both in horizontal and vertical directions). The obtained results show that the most constant, dense and homogeneous velocity field was obtained from the 3-blade configuration of the rotor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
21. Epidemiological and viral characteristics of undiagnosed HIV infections in Botswana
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Lynnette Bhebhe, Sikhulile Moyo, Simani Gaseitsiwe, Molly Pretorius-Holme, Etienne K. Yankinda, Kutlo Manyake, Coulson Kgathi, Mompati Mmalane, Refeletswe Lebelonyane, Tendani Gaolathe, Pamela Bachanas, Faith Ussery, Mpho Letebele, Joseph Makhema, Kathleen E. Wirth, Shahin Lockman, Max Essex, Vlad Novitsky, and Manon Ragonnet-Cronin
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HIV ,Undiagnosed infection ,Phylogenetics ,Recent HIV infection ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background HIV-1 is endemic in Botswana. The country’s primary challenge is identifying people living with HIV who are unaware of their status. We evaluated factors associated with undiagnosed HIV infection using HIV-1 phylogenetic, behavioural, and demographic data. Methods As part of the Botswana Combination Prevention Project, 20% of households in 30 villages were tested for HIV and followed from 2013 to 2018. A total of 12,610 participants were enrolled, 3596 tested HIV-positive at enrolment, and 147 participants acquired HIV during the trial. Extensive socio-demographic and behavioural data were collected from participants and next-generation sequences were generated for HIV-positive cases. We compared three groups of participants: (1) those previously known to be HIV-positive at enrolment (n = 2995); (2) those newly diagnosed at enrolment (n = 601) and (3) those who tested HIV-negative at enrolment but tested HIV-positive during follow-up (n = 147). We searched for differences in demographic and behavioural factors between known and newly diagnosed group using logistic regression. We also compared the topology of each group in HIV-1 phylogenies and used a genetic diversity-based algorithm to classify infections as recent (
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- 2022
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22. Global associations of key populations with HIV-1 recombinants: a systematic review, global survey, and individual participant data meta-analysis
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Nkazi Nchinda, Ramyiadarsini Elangovan, Jason Yun, Leslie Dickson-Tetteh, Shona Kirtley, Joris Hemelaar, WHO-UNAIDS Network for HIV Isolation and Characterisation, Alash'le G. Abimiku, Simon Agwale, Chris Archibald, Boaz Avidor, Barbás María Gabriela, Francoise Barre-Sinoussi, Banson Barugahare, El Hadj Belabbes, Silvia Bertagnolio, Deborah Birx, Aleksei F. Bobkov, James Brandful, Helba Bredell, Catherine A. Brennan, James Brooks, Marie Bruckova, Luigi Buonaguro, Franco Buonaguro, Stefano Buttò, Anne Buve, Mary Campbell, Jean Carr, Alex Carrera, Manuel Gómez Carrillo, Connie Celum, Beth Chaplin, Macarthur Charles, Dimitrios Chatzidimitriou, Zhiwei Chen, Katsumi Chijiwa, David Cooper, Philip Cunningham, Anoumou Dagnra, Cillian F. de Gascun, Julia Del Amo, Elena Delgado, Ursula Dietrich, Dominic Dwyer, Dennis Ellenberger, Barbara Ensoli, Max Essex, Herve Fleury, Peter N. Fonjungo, Vincent Foulongne, Deepak A. Gadkari, Feng Gao, Federico García, Roger Garsia, Guy Michel Gershy-Damet, Judith R. Glynn, Ruth Goodall, Zehava Grossman, Monick Lindenmeyer Guimarães, Beatrice Hahn, Raph L. Hamers, Osamah Hamouda, Ray Handema, Xiang He, Joshua Herbeck, David D. Ho, Africa Holguin, Mina Hosseinipour, Gillian Hunt, Masahiko Ito, Mohamed Ali Bel Hadj Kacem, Erin Kahle, Pontiano Kaleebu, Marcia Kalish, Adeeba Kamarulzaman, Chun Kang, Phyllis Kanki, Edward Karamov, Jean-Claude Karasi, Kayitesi Kayitenkore, Tony Kelleher, Dwip Kitayaporn, Leondios G. Kostrikis, Claudia Kucherer, Claudia Lara, Thomas Leitner, Kirsi Liitsola, Jai Lingappa, Marek Linka, Ivette Lorenzana de Rivera, Vladimir Lukashov, Shlomo Maayan, Luzia Mayr, Francine McCutchan, Nicolas Meda, Elisabeth Menu, Fred Mhalu, Doreen Mloka, John L. Mokili, Brigitte Montes, Orna Mor, Mariza Morgado, Fausta Mosha, Awatef Moussi, James Mullins, Rafael Najera, Mejda Nasr, Nicaise Ndembi, Joel R. Neilson, Vivek R. Nerurkar, Florian Neuhann, Claudine Nolte, Vlad Novitsky, Philippe Nyambi, Marianna Ofner, Fem J. Paladin, Anna Papa, Jean Pape, Neil Parkin, Chris Parry, Martine Peeters, Alexandra Pelletier, Lucía Pérez-Álvarez, Deenan Pillay, Angie Pinto, Trinh Duy Quang, Cecilia Rademeyer, Filimone Raikanikoda, Mark A. Rayfield, Jean-Marc Reynes, Tobias Rinke de Wit, Kenneth E. Robbins, Morgane Rolland, Christine Rousseau, Jesus Salazar-Gonzales, Hanan Salem, Mika Salminen, Horacio Salomon, Paul Sandstrom, Mario L. Santiago, Abdoulaye D. Sarr, Bryan Schroeder, Michel Segondy, Philippe Selhorst, Sylvester Sempala, Jean Servais, Ansari Shaik, Yiming Shao, Amine Slim, Marcelo A. Soares, Elijah Songok, Debbie Stewart, Julie Stokes, Shambavi Subbarao, Ruengpung Sutthent, Jun Takehisa, Amilcar Tanuri, Kok Keng Tee, Kiran Thapa, Michael Thomson, Tyna Tran, Willy Urassa, Hiroshi Ushijima, Philippe van de Perre, Guido van der Groen, Kristel van Laethem, Joep van Oosterhout, Ard van Sighem, Eric van Wijngaerden, Anne-Mieke Vandamme, Jurgen Vercauteren, Nicole Vidal, Lesley Wallace, Carolyn Williamson, Dawit Wolday, Jianqing Xu, Chunfu Yang, Linqi Zhang, and Rong Zhang
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HIV ,key populations ,recombinant ,CRF ,URF ,molecular epidemiology ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
IntroductionGlobal HIV infections due to HIV-1 recombinants are increasing and impede prevention and treatment efforts. Key populations suffer most new HIV infections, but their role in the spread of HIV-1 recombinants is unknown. We conducted a global analysis of the associations between key populations and HIV-1 recombinants.MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Global Health for HIV-1 subtyping studies published from 1/1/1990 to 31/12/2015. Unpublished data was collected through a global survey. We included studies with HIV-1 subtyping data of key populations collected during 1990-2015. Key populations assessed were heterosexual people (HET), men who have sex with men (MSM), people who inject drugs (PWID), vertical transmissions (VERT), commercial sex workers (CSW), and transfusion-associated infections (BLOOD). Logistic regression was used to determine associations of key populations with HIV-1 recombinants. Subgroup analyses were performed for circulating recombinant forms (CRFs), unique recombinant forms (URFs), regions, and time periods.ResultsEight hundred and eighty five datasets including 77,284 participants from 83 countries were included. Globally, PWID were associated with the greatest odds of recombinants and CRFs (OR 2.6 [95% CI 2.46–2.74] and 2.99 [2.83–3.16]), compared to HET. CSW were associated with increased odds of recombinants and URFs (1.59 [1.44–1.75] and 3.61 [3.15–4.13]). VERT and BLOOD were associated with decreased odds of recombinants (0.58 [0.54–0.63] and 0.43 [0.33–0.56]). MSM were associated with increased odds of recombinants in 2010–2015 (1.43 [1.35–1.51]). Subgroup analyses supported our main findings.DiscussionAs PWID, CSW, and MSM are associated with HIV-1 recombinants, increased preventative measures and HIV-1 molecular surveillance are crucial within these key populations.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO [CRD42017067164].
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- 2023
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23. Soluble Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Protein Improves Survival and Lowers Viral Titers in Lethal Mouse Model of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Type 2 Infection with the Delta Variant
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Cosimo Cianfarini, Luise Hassler, Jan Wysocki, Abdelsabour Hassan, Vlad Nicolaescu, Derek Elli, Haley Gula, Amany M. Ibrahim, Glenn Randall, Jack Henkin, and Daniel Batlle
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SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 ,ACE2 ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) utilizes angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as its main receptor for cell entry. We bioengineered a soluble ACE2 protein termed ACE2 618-DDC-ABD that has increased binding to SARS-CoV-2 and prolonged duration of action. Here, we investigated the protective effect of this protein when administered intranasally to k18-hACE2 mice infected with the aggressive SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant. k18-hACE2 mice were infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant by inoculation of a lethal dose (2 × 104 PFU). ACE2 618-DDC-ABD (10 mg/kg) or PBS was administered intranasally six hours prior and 24 and 48 h post-viral inoculation. All animals in the PBS control group succumbed to the disease on day seven post-infection (0% survival), whereas, in contrast, there was only one casualty in the group that received ACE2 618-DDC-ABD (90% survival). Mice in the ACE2 618-DDC-ABD group had minimal disease as assessed using a clinical score and stable weight, and both brain and lung viral titers were markedly reduced. These findings demonstrate the efficacy of a bioengineered soluble ACE2 decoy with an extended duration of action in protecting against the aggressive Delta SARS-CoV-2 variant. Together with previous work, these findings underline the universal protective potential against current and future emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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- 2024
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24. A Clean-Label Formulation of Fortified Yogurt Based on Rhododendron Flower Powder as a Functional Ingredient
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Alina Narcisa Postolache, Ionuț Dumitru Veleșcu, Florina Stoica, Ioana Cristina Crivei, Vlad Nicolae Arsenoaia, Marius Giorgi Usturoi, Cristina Gabriela Constantinescu (Pop), Florin Daniel Lipșa, Gabriela Frunză, Daniel Simeanu, and Roxana Nicoleta Rațu
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rhododendron flowers ,phytochemicals ,antioxidant ,functional ingredient ,fortified yogurt ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
The world-wide-dispersed Rhododendron is a tiny, evergreen plant with vivid red or pale pink blossoms that is a member of the Ericaceae family and is well-known for its stunning flowers. To improve yogurt’s nutritional profile and sensory qualities, this study investigates an innovative application of Rhododendron flower powder (RFP). The potential health benefits of Rhododendron flowers, which are a rich source of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and antioxidants, have attracted attention. Consequently, the physicochemical, phytochemical, and sensory qualities of fortifying yogurt with RFP at various concentrations were studied. The results showed that the texture and color of the yogurt were highly influenced by the addition of RFP. The addition of this functional ingredient also resulted in a significant increase in the yogurt’s polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity. These findings demonstrate the suitability of RFP in yogurt formulations as a functional food ingredient, being a good source of phenolics.
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- 2023
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25. Portable magnetic resonance imaging of patients indoors, outdoors and at home
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Teresa Guallart-Naval, José M. Algarín, Rubén Pellicer-Guridi, Fernando Galve, Yolanda Vives-Gilabert, Rubén Bosch, Eduardo Pallás, José M. González, Juan P. Rigla, Pablo Martínez, Francisco J. Lloris, Jose Borreguero, Álvaro Marcos-Perucho, Vlad Negnevitsky, Luis Martí-Bonmatí, Alfonso Ríos, José M. Benlloch, and Joseba Alonso
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Mobile medical imaging devices are invaluable for clinical diagnostic purposes both in and outside healthcare institutions. Among the various imaging modalities, only a few are readily portable. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the gold standard for numerous healthcare conditions, does not traditionally belong to this group. Recently, low-field MRI technology companies have demonstrated the first decisive steps towards portability within medical facilities and vehicles. However, these scanners’ weight and dimensions are incompatible with more demanding use cases such as in remote and developing regions, sports facilities and events, medical and military camps, or home healthcare. Here we present in vivo images taken with a light, small footprint, low-field extremity MRI scanner outside the controlled environment provided by medical facilities. To demonstrate the true portability of the system and benchmark its performance in various relevant scenarios, we have acquired images of a volunteer’s knee in: (i) an MRI physics laboratory; (ii) an office room; (iii) outside a campus building, connected to a nearby power outlet; (iv) in open air, powered from a small fuel-based generator; and (v) at the volunteer’s home. All images have been acquired within clinically viable times, and signal-to-noise ratios and tissue contrast suffice for 2D and 3D reconstructions with diagnostic value. Furthermore, the volunteer carries a fixation metallic implant screwed to the femur, which leads to strong artifacts in standard clinical systems but appears sharp in our low-field acquisitions. Altogether, this work opens a path towards highly accessible MRI under circumstances previously unrealistic.
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- 2022
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26. Differential effects of macrophage subtypes on SARS-CoV-2 infection in a human pluripotent stem cell-derived model
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Qizhou Lian, Kui Zhang, Zhao Zhang, Fuyu Duan, Liyan Guo, Weiren Luo, Bobo Wing-Yee Mok, Abhimanyu Thakur, Xiaoshan Ke, Pedram Motallebnejad, Vlad Nicolaescu, Jonathan Chen, Chui Yan Ma, Xiaoya Zhou, Shuo Han, Teng Han, Wei Zhang, Adrian Y. Tan, Tuo Zhang, Xing Wang, Dong Xu, Jenny Xiang, Aimin Xu, Can Liao, Fang-Ping Huang, Ya-Wen Chen, Jie Na, Glenn Randall, Hung-fat Tse, Zhiwei Chen, Yin Chen, and Huanhuan Joyce Chen
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Science - Abstract
Model systems to study SARS-CoV-2 infection are required to better understand the immune response. Here the authors use a lung and macrophage co-culture system by differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells to better understand the phenotype and gene expression changes in host lung cells and macrophages after SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro.
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- 2022
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27. DirectDetect SARS-CoV‑2 Direct Real-Time RT-PCR Study Using Patient Samples
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Dulguunnaran Naranbat, Lindsay Schneider, Rami Kantor, Curt G. Beckwith, Lauri Bazerman, Fizza Gillani, Sujata Sahu, Kim Rapoza, Soya Sam, Vlad Novitsky, Jimin Shin, Evelyn Hipolito, Isabella Diaz, Daniella Carnevale, and Anubhav Tripathi
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2022
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28. Application of Agri-Food By-Products in the Food Industry
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Roxana Nicoleta Rațu, Ionuț Dumitru Veleșcu, Florina Stoica, Alexandru Usturoi, Vlad Nicolae Arsenoaia, Ioana Cristina Crivei, Alina Narcisa Postolache, Florin Daniel Lipșa, Feodor Filipov, Andreea Mihaela Florea, Mihai Alexandru Chițea, and Ioan Sebastian Brumă
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agriculture-food secondary products ,bioactive compounds ,food industry ,sustainability ,value-added products ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Every year, the global food industry produces a significant number of wastes and by-products from a variety of sources. By-products from the food-processing sector are produced in large quantities, and because of their undesirable qualities, they are frequently wasted, losing important resources. In order to pursue a circular economy that refers to waste reduction and effective waste management, by-products valorization recently received increased interest. By-products are rich in bioactive compounds and can be used in various industrial applications for health promotion and nutritional benefits. A novel step in its sustainable application is the use of these inexpensive waste agri-food by-products to create the value-added products. The present review intended to summarize the different types of agro-industrial by-products and their properties and highlight their nutritional composition and potential health benefits. Applications of agri-food by-products in foods as well as the potential health and sustainability implications of by-products in food products were also covered. According to research, agri-food by-products can be added to a variety of food to increase their bioactive profile, fiber content, and antioxidant capacity while maintaining good sensory acceptability. Overall, the sustainability of the agri-food chain and consumer health can both benefit from the use of agri-food by-products in food formulation.
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- 2023
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29. Circulating ACE2-expressing extracellular vesicles block broad strains of SARS-CoV-2
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Lamiaa El-Shennawy, Andrew D. Hoffmann, Nurmaa Khund Dashzeveg, Kathleen M. McAndrews, Paul J. Mehl, Daphne Cornish, Zihao Yu, Valerie L. Tokars, Vlad Nicolaescu, Anastasia Tomatsidou, Chengsheng Mao, Christopher J. Felicelli, Chia-Feng Tsai, Carolina Ostiguin, Yuzhi Jia, Lin Li, Kevin Furlong, Jan Wysocki, Xin Luo, Carolina F. Ruivo, Daniel Batlle, Thomas J. Hope, Yang Shen, Young Kwang Chae, Hui Zhang, Valerie S. LeBleu, Tujin Shi, Suchitra Swaminathan, Yuan Luo, Dominique Missiakas, Glenn C. Randall, Alexis R. Demonbreun, Michael G. Ison, Raghu Kalluri, Deyu Fang, and Huiping Liu
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Science - Abstract
El-Shennawy et al. report that ACE2+ circulating extracellular vesicles (evACE2) are associated with COVID-19 severity and that evACE2 inhibits the infection of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern at a higher efficacy than soluble ACE2.
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- 2022
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30. SARS-CoV-2 Diverges from Other Betacoronaviruses in Only Partially Activating the IRE1α/XBP1 Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway in Human Lung-Derived Cells
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Long C. Nguyen, David M. Renner, Diane Silva, Dongbo Yang, Nicholas A. Parenti, Kaeri M. Medina, Vlad Nicolaescu, Haley Gula, Nir Drayman, Andrea Valdespino, Adil Mohamed, Christopher Dann, Kristin Wannemo, Lydia Robinson-Mailman, Alan Gonzalez, Letícia Stock, Mengrui Cao, Zeyu Qiao, Raymond E. Moellering, Savas Tay, Glenn Randall, Michael F. Beers, Marsha Rich Rosner, Scott A. Oakes, and Susan R. Weiss
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IRE1α pathway ,MERS-CoV ,OC43 ,SARS-CoV-2 ,coronavirus ,unfolded protein response ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
ABSTRACT Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has killed over 6 million individuals worldwide and continues to spread in countries where vaccines are not yet widely available or its citizens are hesitant to become vaccinated. Therefore, it is critical to unravel the molecular mechanisms that allow SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses to infect and overtake the host machinery of human cells. Coronavirus replication triggers endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), a key host cell pathway widely believed to be essential for viral replication. We examined the master UPR sensor IRE1α kinase/RNase and its downstream transcription factor effector XBP1s, which is processed through an IRE1α-mediated mRNA splicing event, in human lung-derived cells infected with betacoronaviruses. We found that human respiratory coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and murine coronavirus (MHV) all induce ER stress and strongly trigger the kinase and RNase activities of IRE1α as well as XBP1 splicing. In contrast, SARS-CoV-2 only partially activates IRE1α through autophosphorylation, but its RNase activity fails to splice XBP1. Moreover, while IRE1α was dispensable for replication in human cells for all coronaviruses tested, it was required for maximal expression of genes associated with several key cellular functions, including the interferon signaling pathway, during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our data suggest that SARS-CoV-2 actively inhibits the RNase of autophosphorylated IRE1α, perhaps as a strategy to eliminate detection by the host immune system. IMPORTANCE SARS-CoV-2 is the third lethal respiratory coronavirus, after MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, to emerge this century, causing millions of deaths worldwide. Other common coronaviruses such as HCoV-OC43 cause less severe respiratory disease. Thus, it is imperative to understand the similarities and differences among these viruses in how each interacts with host cells. We focused here on the inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) pathway, part of the host unfolded protein response to virus-induced stress. We found that while MERS-CoV and HCoV-OC43 fully activate the IRE1α kinase and RNase activities, SARS-CoV-2 only partially activates IRE1α, promoting its kinase activity but not RNase activity. Based on IRE1α-dependent gene expression changes during infection, we propose that SARS-CoV-2 prevents IRE1α RNase activation as a strategy to limit detection by the host immune system.
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- 2022
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31. Added Value of Next Generation Sequencing in Characterizing the Evolution of HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Kenyan Youth
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Vlad Novitsky, Winstone Nyandiko, Rachel Vreeman, Allison K. DeLong, Mark Howison, Akarsh Manne, Josephine Aluoch, Ashley Chory, Festus Sang, Celestine Ashimosi, Eslyne Jepkemboi, Millicent Orido, Joseph W. Hogan, and Rami Kantor
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HIV-1 drug resistance ,children and adolescents ,evolution of drug resistance ,minority drug resistance variants ,types of drug resistance evolution ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Drug resistance remains a global challenge in children and adolescents living with HIV (CALWH). Characterizing resistance evolution, specifically using next generation sequencing (NGS) can potentially inform care, but remains understudied, particularly in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-experienced CALWH in resource-limited settings. We conducted reverse-transcriptase NGS and investigated short-and long-term resistance evolution and its predicted impact in a well-characterized cohort of Kenyan CALWH failing 1st-line ART and followed for up to ~8 years. Drug resistance mutation (DRM) evolution types were determined by NGS frequency changes over time, defined as evolving (up-trending and crossing the 20% NGS threshold), reverting (down-trending and crossing the 20% threshold) or other. Exploratory analyses assessed potential impacts of minority resistance variants on evolution. Evolution was detected in 93% of 42 participants, including 91% of 22 with short-term follow-up, 100% of 7 with long-term follow-up without regimen change, and 95% of 19 with long-term follow-up with regimen change. Evolving DRMs were identified in 60% and minority resistance variants evolved in 17%, with exploratory analysis suggesting greater rate of evolution of minority resistance variants under drug selection pressure and higher predicted drug resistance scores in the presence of minority DRMs. Despite high-level pre-existing resistance, NGS-based longitudinal follow-up of this small but unique cohort of Kenyan CALWH demonstrated continued DRM evolution, at times including low-level DRMs detected only by NGS, with predicted impact on care. NGS can inform better understanding of DRM evolution and dynamics and possibly improve care. The clinical significance of these findings should be further evaluated.
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- 2023
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32. Effects of Dairy Cows Management Systems on the Physicochemical and Nutritional Quality of Milk and Yogurt, in a North-Eastern Romanian Farm
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Roxana Nicoleta Rațu, Petru Marian Cârlescu, Marius Giorgi Usturoi, Florin Daniel Lipșa, Ionuț Dumitru Veleșcu, Vlad Nicolae Arsenoaia, Andreea Mihaela Florea, Marius Mihai Ciobanu, Răzvan-Mihail Radu-Rusu, Alina Narcisa Postolache, and Daniel Simeanu
- Subjects
cows feeding ,milk ,yogurt ,fatty acids ,quality ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
The study’s objective was to investigate changes in the fatty acid composition of cow milk in general and in 80 Romanian Spotted cows’ husbandry and feeding systems in particular (grazing–GC group vs. stabulation–SC group). The ultimate objective was to determine if the changes that happened in the milk also transferred to the finished product. Also, the influence of the quality of raw milk produced by both systems was evaluated when yogurt was made from it. The milk was gathered in May, July and September and used for both the yogurt-making process and the study, which lasted from May to October. In comparison to milk from SC, milk from grazed caws had larger percentages of fat and dry matter throughout the summer (GC) season. Moreover, pasture-based rations (MGC) contained more PUFA than MCS did. Data research revealed that not only do factors such as milk origin and initial quality have a substantial impact on yogurt quality parameters, but also technologies such as milk fermentation have a considerable impact on the fatty acid profile of yogurt. In comparison to cows kept permanently in stables, grazed cows (MGC) had fat with a lower concentration of saturated fatty acids and a higher proportion of rumenic, vaccenic and oleic acids (MSC). When fresh milk is processed into yogurt and other dairy products, the fatty acid profiles alter, with saturated fatty acids predominating over unsaturated ones. The findings show that pasture-fed cows have a positive impact on milk quality, particularly in terms of fatty acid profile, as well as on yogurt’s ultimate nutritional and dietary quality.
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- 2023
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33. Polymersomes Decorated with the SARS-CoV‑2 Spike Protein Receptor-Binding Domain Elicit Robust Humoral and Cellular Immunity
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Lisa R. Volpatti, Rachel P. Wallace, Shijie Cao, Michal M. Raczy, Ruyi Wang, Laura T. Gray, Aaron T. Alpar, Priscilla S. Briquez, Nikolaos Mitrousis, Tiffany M. Marchell, Maria Stella Sasso, Mindy Nguyen, Aslan Mansurov, Erica Budina, Ani Solanki, Elyse A. Watkins, Mathew R. Schnorenberg, Andrew C. Tremain, Joseph W. Reda, Vlad Nicolaescu, Kevin Furlong, Steve Dvorkin, Shann S. Yu, Balaji Manicassamy, James L. LaBelle, Matthew V. Tirrell, Glenn Randall, Marcin Kwissa, Melody A. Swartz, and Jeffrey A. Hubbell
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2021
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34. A Challenging Knowledge Gap: Estimating Modes of HIV Acquisition Among Adolescents Entering HIV Care During Adolescence
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John Humphrey MD, Miranda Triedman BS, Winstone Nyandiko MBChB, MMed, Edwin Sang MS, Emmanuel Kemboi BS, Marsha Alera MS, Vlad Novitsky MD, PhD, Akarsh Manne MS, Eslyne Jepkemboi BS, Millicent Orido BS, Edith Apondi MBChB, MMed, Rachel Vreeman MD, Kara Wools-Kaloustian MD, and Rami Kantor MD
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Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Characterizing HIV acquisition modes among adolescents with HIV (AHIV) enrolling in care during adolescence is a challenging gap that impacts differential interventions. We explored whether primary data collection with targeted questionnaires may address this gap and improve understanding of risk factors and perceptions about adolescents’ HIV acquisition, in Kenyan AHIV entering care at ≥10 years, and their mothers with HIV (MHIV). Clinical data were derived through chart review. Among 1073 AHIV in care, only 26 (2%) met eligibility criteria of being ≥10 years at care enrollment, disclosed to, and with living MHIV. Among 18/26 AHIV-MHIV dyads enrolled (median age of AHIV 14 years), none had documented HIV acquisition modes. Data suggested perinatal infection in 17/18 AHIV, with 1 reported non-perinatal acquisition risk factor, and some discordance between adolescent-mother perceptions of HIV acquisition. In this difficult-to-enroll, vulnerable population of AHIV-MHIV dyads, primary data collection can enhance understanding of AHIV acquisition modes.
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- 2022
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35. Romania’s coal-fired power plants efficiency and pollution in the context of the European green deal
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Vlad NERĂU
- Subjects
green deal ,coal ,energy transition ,pollution ,Business ,HF5001-6182 ,Economic theory. Demography ,HB1-3840 ,Economics as a science ,HB71-74 - Abstract
This article analyses the efficiency of coal-fired power plants in Romania in the European Green Deal context. The focus is on the coal-fired power plants of the Oltenia and Hunedoara Energy Power Plants, as they generate over 97% of coal-fired electricity in Romania. Oltenia Energy Power Plant (CEO) is composed of eleven power plants with an average lifetime of 37 years while of Hunedoara Energy Power Plant (CEH) is composed of six power plants with an average lifetime of 42 years. At the same time, the article estimates the impact of the closure of these two energy groups on the main air pollutants and how close this would bring Romania to the targets set by the Green Deal for 2030. The article also estimates the losses from different energy sources incurred in the process of transforming raw electricity into electricity delivered to the consumers and finds that oil & gas and coal sectors have considerably higher losses than other electricity sources, with wind being the most efficient from this perspective.
- Published
- 2021
36. Structure of papain-like protease from SARS-CoV-2 and its complexes with non-covalent inhibitors
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Jerzy Osipiuk, Saara-Anne Azizi, Steve Dvorkin, Michael Endres, Robert Jedrzejczak, Krysten A. Jones, Soowon Kang, Rahul S. Kathayat, Youngchang Kim, Vladislav G. Lisnyak, Samantha L. Maki, Vlad Nicolaescu, Cooper A. Taylor, Christine Tesar, Yu-An Zhang, Zhiyao Zhou, Glenn Randall, Karolina Michalska, Scott A. Snyder, Bryan C. Dickinson, and Andrzej Joachimiak
- Subjects
Science - Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro) is of interest as an antiviral drug target. Here, the authors synthesize and characterise naphthalene-based inhibitors for PLpro and present the crystal structures of PLpro in its apo state and with the bound inhibitors, which is of interest for further structure-based drug design efforts.
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- 2021
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37. Tipiracil binds to uridine site and inhibits Nsp15 endoribonuclease NendoU from SARS-CoV-2
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Youngchang Kim, Jacek Wower, Natalia Maltseva, Changsoo Chang, Robert Jedrzejczak, Mateusz Wilamowski, Soowon Kang, Vlad Nicolaescu, Glenn Randall, Karolina Michalska, and Andrzej Joachimiak
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Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Youngchang Kim, Jacek Wower, and colleagues explore the sequence specificity, metal ion dependence and catalytic mechanism of the Nsp15 endoribonuclease NendoU from SARS-CoV-2. The authors also solve five new crystal structures of the enzyme in complex with 5’UMP, 3’UMP, 5’cGpU, uridine 2′,3′-vanadate (transition state analog) and Tipiracil (uracil mimic), and demonstrate that Tipiracil inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Nsp15 by interacting with the uridine binding pocket in the enzyme’s active site.
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- 2021
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38. Mycolactone: A Broad Spectrum Multitarget Antiviral Active in the Picomolar Range for COVID-19 Prevention and Cure
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Seth Osei Asiedu, Yash Gupta, Vlad Nicolaescu, Haley Gula, Thomas R. Caulfield, Ravi Durvasula, Prakasha Kempaiah, Samuel K. Kwofie, and Michael D. Wilson
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COVID-19 ,Mycobacterium ulcerans ,mycolactone ,SARS-CoV-2 ,viral cell entry and exit ,treatment ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
We have previously shown computationally that Mycolactone (MLN), a toxin produced by Mycobacterium ulcerans, strongly binds to Munc18b and other proteins, presumably blocking degranulation and exocytosis of blood platelets and mast cells. We investigated the effect of MLN on endocytosis using similar approaches, and it bound strongly to the N-terminal of the clathrin protein and a novel SARS-CoV-2 fusion protein. Experimentally, we found 100% inhibition up to 60 nM and 84% average inhibition at 30 nM in SARS-CoV-2 live viral assays. MLN was also 10× more potent than remdesivir and molnupiravir. MLN’s toxicity against human alveolar cell line A549, immortalized human fetal renal cell line HEK293, and human hepatoma cell line Huh7.1 were 17.12%, 40.30%, and 36.25%, respectively. The cytotoxicity IC50 breakpoint ratio versus anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity was more than 65-fold. The IC50 values against the alpha, delta, and Omicron variants were all below 0.020 µM, and 134.6 nM of MLN had 100% inhibition in an entry and spread assays. MLN is eclectic in its actions through its binding to Sec61, AT2R, and the novel fusion protein, making it a good drug candidate for treating and preventing COVID-19 and other similarly transmitted enveloped viruses and pathogens.
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- 2023
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39. The Impact of Heavy Metal Accumulation on Some Physiological Parameters in Silphium perfoliatum L. Plants Grown in Hydroponic Systems
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Radu Liviu Sumalan, Vlad Nescu, Adina Berbecea, Renata Maria Sumalan, Manuela Crisan, Petru Negrea, and Sorin Ciulca
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phytoremediation ,bioaccumulation ,proline ,photosynthetic pigments ,enzymatic activity ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Heavy metals like cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn), resulting from anthropogenic activities, are elements with high persistence in nature, being able to accumulate in soils, water, and plants with significant impact to human and animal health. This study investigates the phytoremediation capacity of Silphium perfoliatum L. as a specific heavy metal hyperaccumulator and the effects of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb on some physiological and biochemical indices by growing plants under floating hydroponic systems in nutrient solutions under the presence of heavy metals. One-year-old plants of S. perfoliatum grown for 20 days in Hoagland solution with the addition of (ppm) Cu-400, Zn-1200, Cd-20, Pb-400, and Cu+Zn+Cd+Pb (400/1200/20/400) were investigated with respect to the control. The level of phytoremediation, manifested by the ability of heavy metal absorption and accumulation, was assessed. In addition, the impact of stress on the proline content, photosynthetic pigments, and enzymatic activity, as being key components of metabolism, was determined. The obtained results revealed a good absorption and selective accumulation capacity of S. perfoliatum plants for the studied heavy metals. Therefore, Cu and Zn mainly accumulate in the stems, Cd in the roots and stems, while Pb mainly accumulates in the roots. The proline tended to increase under stress conditions, depending on the pollutant and its concentration, with higher values in leaves and stems under the associated stress of the four metals and individually for Pb and Cd. In addition, the enzymatic activity recorded different values depending on the plant organ, its type, and the metal concentration on its substrate. The obtained results indicate a strong correlation between the metal type, concentration, and the mechanisms of absorption/accumulation of S. perfoliatum species, as well as the specific reactions of metabolic response.
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- 2023
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40. In Silico Binding of 2-Aminocyclobutanones to SARS-CoV-2 Nsp13 Helicase and Demonstration of Antiviral Activity
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Thahani S. Habeeb Mohammad, Yash Gupta, Cory T. Reidl, Vlad Nicolaescu, Haley Gula, Ravi Durvasula, Prakasha Kempaiah, and Daniel P. Becker
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peptidomimetics ,HTS ,high-throughput in silico screen ,coronavirus variants ,nonstructural protein 13, Nsp13 helicase ,antiviral ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The landscape of viral strains and lineages of SARS-CoV-2 keeps changing and is currently dominated by Delta and Omicron variants. Members of the latest Omicron variants, including BA.1, are showing a high level of immune evasion, and Omicron has become a prominent variant circulating globally. In our search for versatile medicinal chemistry scaffolds, we prepared a library of substituted ɑ-aminocyclobutanones from an ɑ-aminocyclobutanone synthon (11). We performed an in silico screen of this actual chemical library as well as other virtual 2-aminocyclobutanone analogs against seven SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural proteins to identify potential drug leads against SARS-CoV-2, and more broadly against coronavirus antiviral targets. Several of these analogs were initially identified as in silico hits against SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural protein 13 (Nsp13) helicase through molecular docking and dynamics simulations. Antiviral activity of the original hits as well as ɑ-aminocyclobutanone analogs that were predicted to bind more tightly to SARS-CoV-2 Nsp13 helicase are reported. We now report cyclobutanone derivatives that exhibit anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. Furthermore, the Nsp13 helicase enzyme has been the target of relatively few target-based drug discovery efforts, in part due to a very late release of a high-resolution structure accompanied by a limited understanding of its protein biochemistry. In general, antiviral agents initially efficacious against wild-type SARS-CoV-2 strains have lower activities against variants due to heavy viral loads and greater turnover rates, but the inhibitors we are reporting have higher activities against the later variants than the wild-type (10–20X). We speculate this could be due to Nsp13 helicase being a critical bottleneck in faster replication rates of the new variants, so targeting this enzyme affects these variants to an even greater extent. This work calls attention to cyclobutanones as a useful medicinal chemistry scaffold, and the need for additional focus on the discovery of Nsp13 helicase inhibitors to combat the aggressive and immune-evading variants of concern (VOCs).
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- 2023
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41. An Automated Bioinformatics Pipeline Informing Near-Real-Time Public Health Responses to New HIV Diagnoses in a Statewide HIV Epidemic
- Author
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Mark Howison, Fizza S. Gillani, Vlad Novitsky, Jon A. Steingrimsson, John Fulton, Thomas Bertrand, Katharine Howe, Anna Civitarese, Lila Bhattarai, Meghan MacAskill, Guillermo Ronquillo, Joel Hague, Casey W. Dunn, Utpala Bandy, Joseph W. Hogan, and Rami Kantor
- Subjects
molecular HIV clusters ,phylogenetics ,molecular epidemiology ,HIV transmission networks ,contact tracing ,near-real-time data integration ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Molecular HIV cluster data can guide public health responses towards ending the HIV epidemic. Currently, real-time data integration, analysis, and interpretation are challenging, leading to a delayed public health response. We present a comprehensive methodology for addressing these challenges through data integration, analysis, and reporting. We integrated heterogeneous data sources across systems and developed an open-source, automatic bioinformatics pipeline that provides molecular HIV cluster data to inform public health responses to new statewide HIV-1 diagnoses, overcoming data management, computational, and analytical challenges. We demonstrate implementation of this pipeline in a statewide HIV epidemic and use it to compare the impact of specific phylogenetic and distance-only methods and datasets on molecular HIV cluster analyses. The pipeline was applied to 18 monthly datasets generated between January 2020 and June 2022 in Rhode Island, USA, that provide statewide molecular HIV data to support routine public health case management by a multi-disciplinary team. The resulting cluster analyses and near-real-time reporting guided public health actions in 37 phylogenetically clustered cases out of 57 new HIV-1 diagnoses. Of the 37, only 21 (57%) clustered by distance-only methods. Through a unique academic-public health partnership, an automated open-source pipeline was developed and applied to prospective, routine analysis of statewide molecular HIV data in near-real-time. This collaboration informed public health actions to optimize disruption of HIV transmission.
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- 2023
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42. Design Principle and Proofing of a New Smart Textile Material That Acts as a Sensor for Immobility in Severe Bed-Confined Patients
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Bogdan Florin Iliescu, Vlad Niki Mancasi, Ionut Dumitru Ilie, Iulian Mancasi, Bogdan Costachescu, and Daniel Ilie Rotariu
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smart textile ,immobility ,sensor ,conductive ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
The immobility of patients confined to continuous bed rest continues to raise a couple of very serious challenges for modern medicine. In particular, the overlooking of sudden onset immobility (as in acute stroke) and the delay in addressing the underlying conditions are of utmost importance for the patient and, in the long term, for the medical and social systems. This paper describes the design principles and concrete implementation of a new smart textile material that can form the substrate of intensive care bedding, that acts as a mobility/immobility sensor in itself. The textile sheet acts as a multi-point pressure-sensitive surface that sends continuous capacitance readings through a connector box to a computer running a dedicated software. The design of the capacitance circuit ensures enough individual points to provide an accurate description of the overlying shape and weight. We describe the textile composition and circuit design as well as the preliminary data collected during testing to demonstrate the validity of the complete solution. These results suggest that the smart textile sheet is a very sensitive pressure sensor and can provide continuous discriminatory information to allow for the very sensitive, real-time detection of immobility.
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- 2023
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43. Beyond HIV outbreaks: protocol, rationale and implementation of a prospective study quantifying the benefit of incorporating viral sequence clustering analysis into routine public health interventions
- Author
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Philip A Chan, Joseph W Hogan, John Fulton, Jon A Steingrimsson, Mark Howison, Vlad Novitsky, Fizza S Gillani, Thomas Bertrand, Anna Civitarese, Katharine Howe, Guillermo Ronquillo, Benjamin Lafazia, Zoanne Parillo, Theodore Marak, Lila Bhattarai, Casey Dunn, Utpala Bandy, Nicole Alexander Scott, and Rami Kantor
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Introduction HIV continues to have great impact on millions of lives. Novel methods are needed to disrupt HIV transmission networks. In the USA, public health departments routinely conduct contact tracing and partner services and interview newly HIV-diagnosed index cases to obtain information on social networks and guide prevention interventions. Sequence clustering methods able to infer HIV networks have been used to investigate and halt outbreaks. Incorporation of such methods into routine, not only outbreak-driven, contact tracing and partner services holds promise for further disruption of HIV transmissions.Methods and analysis Building on a strong academic–public health collaboration in Rhode Island, we designed and have implemented a state-wide prospective study to evaluate an intervention that incorporates real-time HIV molecular clustering information with routine contact tracing and partner services. We present the rationale and study design of our approach to integrate sequence clustering methods into routine public health interventions as well as related important ethical considerations. This prospective study addresses key questions about the benefit of incorporating a clustering analysis triggered intervention into the routine workflow of public health departments, going beyond outbreak-only circumstances. By developing an intervention triggered by, and incorporating information from, viral sequence clustering analysis, and evaluating it with a novel design that avoids randomisation while allowing for methods comparison, we are confident that this study will inform how viral sequence clustering analysis can be routinely integrated into public health to support the ending of the HIV pandemic in the USA and beyond.Ethics and dissemination The study was approved by both the Lifespan and Rhode Island Department of Health Human Subjects Research Institutional Review Boards and study results will be published in peer-reviewed journals.
- Published
- 2022
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44. Interobserver agreement of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT images interpretation in men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer
- Author
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Céline Derwael, Olivier Lavergne, Pierre Lovinfosse, Vlad Nechifor, Mallory Salvé, David Waltregny, Roland Hustinx, and Nadia Withofs
- Subjects
Interobserver agreement ,PSMA-RADS ,PROMISE ,miTNM ,PSMA PET ,Standardized evaluation ,Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ,R895-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligand PET/CT has already provided promising results in prostate cancer (PC) imaging, yet simple and reproductible reporting criteria are still lacking. This study aimed at retrospectively evaluating interobserver agreement of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT images interpretation according to PC molecular imaging standardized evaluation (PROMISE) criteria and reproducibility of PSMA reporting and data systems (RADS). Methods Forty-three patients with newly diagnosed, histologically proven intermediate- or high-risk PC, eligible for radical prostatectomy and who underwent [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT before surgery were retrospectively included. Three nuclear medicine physicians (2 experienced and 1 resident) independently reviewed PET/CT images. Interpretation of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT images was based on PROMISE criteria including miTNM staging and lesions miPSMA expression score visual estimation and PSMA-RADS version 1.0 for a given scan. Readers’ agreement was measured using Krippendorff’s coefficients Results Agreement between observers was almost perfect (coefficient ≥ 0.81) for miM; it was substantial (coefficient ≥ 0.61) for the following criteria: miT, miN, PSMA-RADS, and miPSMA expression score of primary PC lesion and metastases. However, agreement was moderate (coefficient = 0.41–0.60) for miPSMA score of positive lymph nodes and for detection of PC primary lesion. Conclusion Visual interpretation of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT images in patients with newly diagnosed PC in a clinical setting leads to at least substantial agreement for PROMISE criteria and PSMA-RADS classification except for PC primary lesion detection and for miPSMA expression scoring of positive lymph nodes that might have been hampered by the interindividual variability of reference organs PSMA expression.
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- 2020
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45. Improving the Usage Properties of Steel Using Cold Spray Deposition: A Review
- Author
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Fabian Cezar Lupu, Corneliu Munteanu, Adrian Constantin Sachelarie, Vlad Nicolae Arsenoaia, and Bogdan Istrate
- Subjects
cold spray ,microstructure ,mechanical properties ,corrosion resistance ,Crystallography ,QD901-999 - Abstract
In this paper, the improvement of the characteristics of different steels that are subjected to extreme operating conditions, including the steels used in the manufacture of various military components, the AISI 52100, the manufacture of bearings, and other types of parts that are also subjected to severe operating conditions were analyzed regarding cold spraying, which uses different types of powders to increase the performance of the materials. The cold, thermal spraying technology “Cold Spray” is a method of processing particles in a solid state. Thermal spraying, based on the dynamic increase in gas acceleration up to supersonic speeds, leads to the obtainment of high kinetic energies, and the accelerated particles are deposited at values that are below their melting point. Research conducted through cold spray technology has seen a significant improvement in material properties; when processing the particles in a solid state, they adhere to the surface instead of eroding it. Cold spraying has proven to be an effective technique for improving material properties, as confirmed by its integration into different fields and industries, becoming competitive by being the only method for depositing particles below their melting point.
- Published
- 2023
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46. Drying Process Modeling and Quality Assessments Regarding an Innovative Seed Dryer
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Vlad Nicolae Arsenoaia, Gheorghe Radu Roșca, Petru Cârlescu, Marius Băetu, Roxana Rațu, Ionuț Veleșcu, and Ioan Țenu
- Subjects
seed drying ,energy demand ,released heat ,mathematical modelling ,quality assessments ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
The dehydration of agricultural products is a topic of research covering the preservation and conservation of the quality of agricultural and food items. The actual tasks of environmental protection include creating novel solutions to reduce the energy needs and exothermic consequences of the bulk of industrial processes. Due to the fact that air temperature and velocity in the seed layer are not uniform, the currently employed seed dryers have significant energy requirements and generate a lot of heat. A device that addresses this problem was developed and is now the subject of a patent application. The Coandă effect-based tronconic plates used in the dryer enable warm air to be dispersed uniformly throughout the product mass. Mathematical modeling was used for the design, operation, and optimization of the baffled drying unit. The investigations, which were conducted by modifying and observing the operational parameters (the velocity and temperature of the warm air) used four distinct types of seed with three different beginning moisture concentrations. Following the completion of the CFD simulation, the unit’s design was created in SolidWorks. The seed and air humidity were measured using sensors, and the air speed was measured using an anemometer. The current lines and fields were used to express the speed and temperature results. The unit with deflectors reduced the amount of heat released by up to 15.38% and reduced the amount of energy used by up to 14%.
- Published
- 2023
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47. Prediction of Coreceptor Tropism in HIV-1 Subtype C in Botswana
- Author
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Kenanao Kotokwe, Sikhulile Moyo, Melissa Zahralban-Steele, Molly Pretorius Holme, Pinkie Melamu, Catherine Kegakilwe Koofhethile, Wonderful Tatenda Choga, Terence Mohammed, Tapiwa Nkhisang, Baitshepi Mokaleng, Dorcas Maruapula, Tsotlhe Ditlhako, Ontlametse Bareng, Patrick Mokgethi, Corretah Boleo, Joseph Makhema, Shahin Lockman, Max Essex, Manon Ragonnet-Cronin, Vlad Novitsky, Simani Gaseitsiwe, and PANGEA Consortium
- Subjects
CCR5 ,CXCR4 ,R5-tropic viruses ,X4-tropic viruses ,HIV-1C tropism ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
It remains unknown whether the C-C motif chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) coreceptor is still the predominant coreceptor used by Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) in Botswana, where the HIV-1 subtype C predominates. We sought to determine HIV-1C tropism in Botswana using genotypic tools, taking into account the effect of antiretroviral treatment (ART) and virologic suppression. HIV-1 gp120 V3 loop sequences from 5602 participants were analyzed for viral tropism using three coreceptor use predicting algorithms/tools: Geno2pheno, HIV-1C Web Position-Specific Score Matrices (WebPSSM) and the 11/25 charge rule. We then compared the demographic and clinical characteristics of people living with HIV (PLWH) harboring R5- versus X4-tropic viruses using χ2 and Wilcoxon rank sum tests for categorical and continuous data analysis, respectively. The three tools congruently predicted 64% of viruses as either R5-tropic or X4-tropic. Geno2pheno and the 11/25 charge rule had the highest concordance at 89%. We observed a significant difference in ART status between participants harboring X4- versus R5-tropic viruses. X4-tropic viruses were more frequent among PLWH receiving ART (χ2 test, p = 0.03). CCR5 is the predominant coreceptor used by HIV-1C strains circulating in Botswana, underlining the strong potential for CCR5 inhibitor use, even in PLWH with drug resistance. We suggest that the tools for coreceptor prediction should be used in combination.
- Published
- 2023
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48. ANALYSIS OF HIGH-SPEED RUNNING AND SPRINT RUNNING IN ELITE FEMALE FOOTBALL COMPETITIONS
- Author
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Oana-Ruxandra Stîncel, Cristian Lazăr, Vlad Nicoară, and Mihaela Oravițan
- Subjects
high-speed running ,sprint running ,female football ,match analysis ,gps tracking system ,Sports ,GV557-1198.995 - Abstract
Introduction: Although football is recognized as the fastest growing sport globally, scientific literature on female footballis still limited. Available published data in understanding the physical demands of female football players have described the necessity of a high level of physical conditioning during matches with average heart rates of 84-86% maximum heart rate and an average of 9.1-11.9 km in total distance covered in the running. The most commonly utilized physical performance measures reported are high-speed running (19km/h-23km/h) and sprinting (>23 km/h). A better understanding of football's physical, technical and tactical demands has resulted from investigations of both training and matches by wearing a global positioning system unit.Objective: This study aimed to assess the running speed and the proportions of different types of running during official competitions in elite female football players.Material and Method: A total of 22 female players (16 seniors and six juniors) that are part of a Romanian First League female football team -Politehnica Timisoara, have been monitored for running speed and covered distance in 6 official matches, which represent a quarter of the championship period. The assessment period was ten weeks (August-October 2021). The monitored parameters (total distance, distance/minute, low speed running, high speed running, sprint running, and maximum speed) wereobtained using K-Sport GPS with a high sampling rate of 50 Hz.Results: During the six analyzed matches the following average values were found: total covered distance -7906.33 ± 1176.68 m, distance/minute -90.83 ± 3.72 m/min, low-speed running distance-7598.50 ± 1102.16 m, high-speed running distance -308 ± 101.31 m, sprint running distance -69.50 ± 28.54 m, and maximum speed -25.13 ± 0.84 km/h.Conclusion: Regarding the monitored parameters (total distance, average speed, proportion of different speed running, maximum speed), we observed a constancy between different matches. During female football matches, high-speed running and sprinting covered 4.77% of the total distance. Based on this data, a future training objective would be the enhancement of this percentage in order to optimize the key moments of the matches
- Published
- 2021
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49. Tubo-Ovarian Abscess with Actinomyces odontolyticus: Case Report and Brief Review of Literature
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Adrian Gabriel Pană, Vlad Neculicioiu, Dan Alexandru Toc, Gheorghe Dan Sprinjan, Mara Cristina Rusu, and Carmen Costache
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Actinomyces odontolyticus ,abscess ,tubo-ovarian ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ,R895-920 - Abstract
Actinomyces odontolyticus is a strictly anaerobic species, a member of the Actinomyces genus and of the commensal flora, especially oral flora, which can trigger severe infections through breaches in healthy tissue or necrotic tissue that are often hard to diagnose clinically and microbiologically. Most infections with this species are pulmonary or pleural, which might hint at a connection with poor dental hygiene, but other locations have been documented. We present a case of a tubo-ovarian abscess with a difficult identification of the etiological agent in a woman with multiple admissions, no significant comorbidities, and a longstanding use of an IUD (intrauterine device). To our knowledge, no previous case of tubo-ovarian abscess with an accurate A. odontolyticus microbiological species identification has been reported so far. This case also highlights the importance of considering an anaerobic species as an etiologic agent in an infectious process concerning a previously damaged tissue and the importance of appropriate harvesting and culturing in the accurate diagnosis of such species.
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- 2022
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50. P.2.d.025 Allopurinol for mania. A randomized trial of allopurinol versus placebo as add-on treatment in manic bipolar patients
- Author
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Burshtein, S., primary, Weiser, M., additional, Gershon, A.A., additional, Marian, G., additional, Vlad, N., additional, Grecu, I.G., additional, Tocari, E., additional, Tiugan, A., additional, Hotineanu, M., additional, and Davis, J.M., additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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