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Abstract Background Evidence‐based recommendations for antiepileptic drug selection in cats beyond phenobarbital are limited, and additional studies are needed for cats where seizures remain inadequately controlled by administration of phenobarbital alone or for cats that cannot safely receive phenobarbital. Objective To compare seizure frequency in cats before and after oral administration of zonisamide and describe adverse clinical or clinicopathologic effects in this cohort. Animals Fifty‐seven cats with a history of seizures. Methods Multicenter, retrospective study. Median number of seizures per month and number of seizure days per month were compared before and after administration of zonisamide in all cats, a subgroup of cats with idiopathic epilepsy (IE), and a subgroup of cats receiving zonisamide as sole therapy. Clinical and clinicopathologic adverse effect data were also reported. Results A median decrease of 1 (P = .001, 95% confidence interval (CI) [−1.0, −0.5]) seizure per month, and 1 (P = .003, 95% CI [−1.5, −0.2]) seizure days per month was found across all cats after oral administration of zonisamide. The subgroup with IE showed median decreases of 1 (P = .03, 95% CI [−2.0, −0.5]) and 2 (P = .01, 95% CI [−2.5, −1.0]), respectively. The most common clinical adverse effects were sedation (17%), ataxia (11%), hyporexia (17%), and emesis (5%). One cat developed mild nonregenerative anemia, 2 cats developed mild metabolic acidosis, and 6 cats showed mild increases in ALT and ALP. Conclusion Zonisamide was well tolerated and efficacious in controlling seizure activity in most cats.

Chemical warfare agents that are liquids with low vapor pressure pose a contact hazard to anyone who encounters them. Personal protective equipment (PPE) is utilized to ensure safe interaction with these agents. A commonly used method to characterize the permeability of PPE towards chemical weapons is to apply droplets of the liquid agent to the surface of the material and measure for chemical breakthrough. However, this method could produce errors in the estimated values of the transport properties. In this paper, we solved numerically the three-dimensional cylindrical Fick’s second law of diffusion for a liquid permeating through a non-porous rubbery membrane to determine the time the permeating species will emerge on the other side of the polymer membrane. Simulations of different amounts of surface area coverage and the geometries of permeate on the membrane surface indicated that incomplete surface area coverage affects the estimation of the transport properties, making the experimentally determined transport properties unsuitable for predictive use. We simulated different permeation values to determine the factors that most influenced the estimation error and if the error was consistent over different permeate–membrane combinations. Finally, a method to correct the experimentally determined permeability is suggested.

O tema das políticas públicas para homens, no Brasil, começa a receber atenção entre as décadas de 60 e 70 do século XX, diante da necessidade de lidar com o fato de que, ao mesmo tempo em que homens detinham maior poder que as mulheres, eles possuíam desvantagens em relação a elas no que se refere às taxas de morbimortalidade. Nesse contexto, este artigo apresenta uma revisão baseada no método de Scoping Review, sobre políticas públicas direcionadas aos homens no período de 2010-2020. Para tal, partiu-se da seguinte questão: como a produção científica acadêmica relaciona “homens” com as políticas públicas a eles destinadas? Utilizou-se a Análise Textual Discursiva para o processo de compreensão do material coletado. Esse é um processo auto-organizado em que novos entendimentos emergem de uma sequência de três componentes: desconstrução dos textos do corpus - unitarização; estabelecimento de relações entre os elementos unitários – categorização; apreensão do emergente em que a nova compreensão é comunicada e validada. Nesse processo, emergiram dos resultados duas categorias: O Público e o Privado nas Políticas Públicas e Homens e Políticas Públicas: Visibilidades e Invisibilizações. Os achados deste estudo expõem a complexidade da questão. Os discursos, que se inserem no plano simbólico, instituídos por meio de diferentes rituais que naturalizam a estrutura de poder e dominação, ditam e delimitam espaços de circulação e atuação para mulheres e, também, para homens. Esses homens, presos aos papeis de gênero, pouco questionam sobre as construções sociais em torno de sua masculinidade, exercendo-a com plena visibilidade.

Since inappropriate and illegal behaviour by officers in criminal justice agencies seriously undermines their ability to achieve their roles and maintain public trust, identifying problematic officers to enable early intervention has become a priority in both departmental management and agency oversight. Events such as officer use of force incidents have been widely used as indicators to flag officers by such systems. Though officers who use force frequently or receive many citizen complaints are a concern, such counts are unlikely to be sufficient to address the full range of officer behaviours of concern. This article describes development of an early intervention system seeking to take this broader view. The system uses data from officers severely disciplined or terminated for various reasons and examines a range of indicators associated with these outcomes. The effort includes officers in both law enforcement and corrections roles, exploring the application of such systems in corrections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Singlet oxygen is known to be a potent mutagenic agent and several biologically relevant molecules have been proposed to act as scavengers for this noxious species. However, numerous studies have been conducted in homogenous solution and the reactivity of singlet oxygen scavengers known to bind DNA has never been investigated in double-stranded DNA. In the following paper, we present the results obtained regarding the interaction between 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and singlet oxygen. We show the molecule to be a potent scavenger of singlet oxygen in aqueous solution with an absolute rate constant (chemical and physical quenching of singlet oxygen) of (1.7 ± 0.3) × 107 m−1 s−1. In addition, we demonstrate that the binding mode of a singlet oxygen scavenger to DNA can strongly influence its reactivity toward singlet oxygen. In the case of DAPI, while the molecule exhibits a chemical reaction with singlet oxygen when the molecule is free in aqueous solution or intercalated in GC sequences of DNA, DAPI becomes chemically unreactive toward singlet oxygen when bound in the minor groove of DNA AT sequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]