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The aim: to investigate the metabolic effects of different treatment options in patients with obesity and concomitant non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) based on the presence of CG and GG genotypes PPARG rs1801282 (Pro12Ala) polymorphism in Ukrainians. Materials and methods: 123 patients with NAFLD in combination with obesity 1, 2, 3 classes were included in the motivational weight loss program (5 visits, 3 months). The case group was treated with pioglitazone 15 mg / day, while the control group received only a program. Ultrasound steatometry, anthropometric and laboratory tests before and after treatment, genetic testing rs1801282 polymorphism in PPARG gene were performed. Results: the carriers of CG and GG genotypes PPARG rs1801282 polymorphism had less high stimulated insulin levels compared with groups of different genotypes (p

Cerebrovascular pathology and metabolic disorders are problems of modern health care, which are of colossal medical and social significance. A high percentage of not only mortality, but also disability determines the extreme urgency of studying their various aspects, and the presence of combined pathology requires the development of a personalized approach to the tactics of managing such patients. The aim of our study is to predict the development of IS based on indicators of the structural and functional state of the heart and cerebral vessels and heart rate variability in patients with cerebral atherosclerosis (CA) and DM2. Materials and methods. The complex clinical and instrumental study involved 229 patients with CA 1–3 degrees. Study design: simple, prospective, non-randomized, sequential enrollment. All patients underwent instrumental examinations: transthoracic echocardiography, electrocardiography ECG, ultrasound Doppler of the vessels of the head and neck, MRI of the brain. All patients took antihypertensive and antidiabetic drugs, antiplatelet agents, statins. Results: Patients were divided into 2 groups: I - with CA 1–2 degrees, II - with CA 3 degrees (after ischemic atherothrombotic stroke (IS)). Average age = 65.1 ± 10.5 and 65.4 ± 9.1 years, respectively. The share of men was 21.2% in the 1st and 52% in the 2nd groups. The number of patients with type 2 diabetes, mean fasting glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels were comparable in both groups. At the time of examination, all patients achieved the target BP and T2DM compensation. In our study, for patients with CA, a negative relationship between ischemic stroke and end-diastolic size index and a positive relationship with the thickness of the interventricular septum and male sex was established, which logically explains the important role of LV geometry in the development of ischemic stroke. For patients with T2DM, a negative relationship was found between ischemic stroke and LV diastolic function and positive - with fasting glucose and IM thickness. Conclusion: Based on multivariate regression analysis, in patients with cerebral atherosclerosis with the development of ischemic stroke, the presence of a relationship between the thickness of the interventricular septum, end-systolic size index, end-diastolic size index and the male sex was revealed (AUC = 0.94 (CI 0.91 - 0.97), but in patients with DM2 and CA - fasting glucose level, interventricular septum thickness, intima-media complex thickness and E/A AUC = 0.99 (95% CI 0.94 - 1.00).

Background Evidence was previously provided for sex-related differences in the human gut microbiota composition, and sex-specific discrepancy in hormonal profiles was proposed as a main determinant of these differences. On the basis of these findings, the assumption was made on the role of microbiota in the sexual dimorphism of human diseases. To date, sex differences in fecal microbiota were demonstrated primarily at lower taxonomic levels, whereas phylum-level differences between sexes were reported in few studies only. In the present population-based cross-sectional research, sex differences in the phylum-level human gut microbiota composition were identified in a large (total n = 2301) sample of relatively healthy individuals from Ukraine. Results Relative abundances of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, as determined by qRT-PCR, were found to be significantly increased, while that of Bacteroidetes was significantly decreased in females compared to males. The Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio was significantly increased in females compared to males. Females had 31 % higher odds of having F/B ratio more than 1 than males. This trend was evident in all age groups. The difference between sexes was even more pronounced in the elder individuals (50+): in this age group, female participants had 56 % higher odds of having F/B ratio > 1 than the male ones. Conclusions In conclusion, sex-specific differences in the phylum-level intestinal microbiota composition were observed in the Ukraine population. The F/B ratio was significantly increased in females compared to males. Further investigation is needed to draw strong conclusions regarding the mechanistic basis for sex-specific differences in the gut microbiota composition and regarding the role of these differences in the initiation and progression of human chronic diseases.

The aim:to investigate the metabolic effects of different treatment options in patients with obesity and concomitant non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) based on the presence of CG and GG genotypes PPARG rs1801282 (Pro12Ala) polymorphism in Ukrainians. Materials and methods:123 patients with NAFLD in combination with obesity 1, 2, 3 classes were included in the motivational weight loss program (5 visits, 3 months). The case group was treated with pioglitazone 15 mg / day, while the control group received only a program. Ultrasound steatometry, anthropometric and laboratory tests before and after treatment, genetic testing rs1801282 polymorphism in PPARG gene were performed. Results:the carriers of CG and GG genotypes PPARG rs1801282 polymorphism had less high stimulated insulin levels compared with groups of different genotypes (p Conclusions:Better reduction of metabolic parameters during pioglitazone treatment of patients with obesity and concomitant NAFLD appears to be associated with carrying of CG and GG genotypes PPARG rs1801282 polymorphism.

Background Gut microbiota plays an important role in physiological and pathological processes of the host organism, including aging. Microbiota composition was shown to vary significantly throughout the life course. Age-related changes in the composition of microbiota were reported in several human studies. In present study, age-related dynamics of phylogenetic profile of gut microbiota was investigated in 1550 healthy participants from Ukrainian population. Results Significant changes in the microbiota composition determined by qRT-PCR at the level of major microbial phyla across age groups have been observed. The relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Firmicutes phyla increased, while that of Bacteroidetes decreased from childhood to elderly age. Accordingly, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio was shown to significantly increase until elder age. In both sexes, odds to have F/B > 1 tended to increase with age, reaching maximum values in elder age groups [OR = 2.7 (95% CI, 1.2–6.0) and OR = 3.7 (95% CI, 1.4–9.6) for female and male 60–69-year age groups, respectively, compared to same-sex reference (0–9-year) age groups]. Conclusions In conclusion, data from our study indicate that composition of the human intestinal microbiota at the level of major microbial phyla significantly differs across age groups. In both sexes, the F/B ratio tends to increase with age from 0–9-year to 60–69-year age groups. Further studies are needed for a better understanding of mechanisms underlying age-related dynamics of human microbiota composition.

Diabetes-related conditions such as chronic hyperglycemia and related oxidative stress and inflammation were repeatedly associated with accelerated telomere shortening in epidemiological studies, although some findings are inconsistent. In present study, we aimed to assess the impact of disturbances in glucose metabolism on association between age and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in the Ukrainian population. The study was conducted on the 119 adult subjects aged between 43 and 87 years residing in the Kyiv region, Ukraine. LTL was determined by a quantitative PCR-based method. LTL was negatively correlated with the measure of abdominal obesity such as waist-hip ratio, as well as with both fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and two-hour post-load glucose (2hPG) levels. Consistently with previous studies, a significant negative association between LTL and age was observed in individuals with normal (5.6 mmol/L) FPG levels. Unexpectedly, however, no association was found in subjects with impaired glucose metabolism assessed by abnormal FPG or/and 2hPG levels. No association between LTL and age was observed in a logistic regression model; the association between LTL and age became significant after adjusting for FPG level. In the FPG-adjusted model, 1.6-time lower odds to have long telomere length were indicated for each 10 years increase in age. We hypothesize that the attenuation of association between LTL and age in hyperglycemic persons can likely be attributed to the interaction of multidirectional processes determining this relationship.

Background Quercetin is regarded as a promising phytochemical in treating metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods Present study is a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial aimed at evaluating effects of quercetin on different aspects of MetS in patients aged 60 + . Study participants consumed two quercetin-containing or placebo tablets 3 times per day (daily dose = 240 mg) during 3 months. Results Quercetin administration decreased body weight (−0.32 kg; p = 0.007) and body mass index (−0.12 kg/m2; p = 0.01). The blood pressure was also decreased: systolic blood pressure: −7.7 mm Hg (p Conclusion These findings indicate that quercetin may be effective in treating MetS. This trial was registered by Ukrainian Registry of Clinical Trials on October 30, 2017 (registration №1339).