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4. A polymorphism near IGF1 is associated with body composition and muscle function in women from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study

Author

Kostek, Matthew C., Devaney, Joseph M., Gordish-Dressman, Heather, Harris, Tamara B., Thompson, Paul D., Clarkson, Priscilla M., Angelopoulos, Theodore J., Gordon, Paul M., Moyna, Niall M., Pescatello, Linda S., Visich, Paul S., Zoeller, Robert F., Seip, Richard L., Garcia, Melissa, Li, Rongling, Zmuda, Joseph M., Delmonico, Matthew J., Kanaya, Alka, and Hoffman, Eric P.

Subjects
Biomedicine, Sports Medicine, Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine, Human Physiology, IGF1, Muscle, Body composition, Bone mineral density, Elderly, SNP
Abstract

Previous studies have reported associations of polymorphisms in the IGF1 gene with phenotypes of body composition (BC). The purpose of this study was to identify phenotypes of BC and physical function that were associated with the IGF1 promoter polymorphism (rs35767, −C1245T). Subjects from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study, white males and females (n = 925/836) and black males and females (533/705) aged 70–79 years were genotyped for the polymorphism. Phenotypes of muscle size and function, bone mineral density, and BC were analyzed for associations with this polymorphism. To validate and compare these findings, a cohort of young (mean age = 24.6, SD = 5.9) white men and women (n = 173/296) with similar phenotypic measurements were genotyped. An association with BC was identified in elderly females when significant covariates (physical activity, age, smoking status, body mass index) were included. White women with C/C genotype had 3% more trunk fat and 2% more total fat than those with C/T (P

Published
2010

10. AKT1 polymorphisms are associated with risk for metabolic syndrome

Author

Devaney, Joseph M., Gordish-Dressman, Heather, Harmon, Brennan T., Bradbury, Margaret K., Devaney, Stephanie A., Harris, Tamara B., Thompson, Paul D., Clarkson, Priscilla M., Price, Thomas B., Angelopoulos, Theodore J., Gordon, Paul M., Moyna, Niall M., Pescatello, Linda S., Visich, Paul S., Zoeller, Robert F., Seip, Richard L., Seo, Jinwook, Kim, Bo Hyoung, Tosi, Laura L., Garcia, Melissa, Li, Rongling, Zmuda, Joseph M., Delmonico, Matthew J., Lindsay, Robert S., Howard, Barbara V., Kraus, William E., and Hoffman, Eric P.

Published
2011
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13. SLC30A8 nonsynonymous variant is associated with recovery following exercise and skeletal muscle size and strength

Author

Sprouse, Courtney, Gordish-Dressman, Heather, Orkunoglu-Suer, E. Funda, Lipof, Jason S., Moeckel-Cole, Stephanie, Patel, Ronak R., Adham, Kasra, Larkin, Justin S., Hubal, Monica J., Kearns, Amy K., Clarkson, Priscilla M., Thompson, Paul D., Angelopoulos, Theodore J., Gordon, Paul M., Moyna, Niall M., Pescatello, Linda S., Visich, Paul S., Zoeller, Robert F., Hoffman, Eric P., Tosi, Laura L., and Devaney, Joseph M.

Subjects
Muscle strength -- Physiological aspects -- Health aspects -- Genetic aspects, Medical genetics -- Research, Isometric exercise -- Physiological aspects -- Health aspects -- Genetic aspects, Single nucleotide polymorphisms -- Health aspects, Type 2 diabetes -- Genetic aspects -- Risk factors, Allelomorphism -- Health aspects, Muscles -- Physiological aspects -- Health aspects -- Genetic aspects, Health
Abstract

Genome-wide association studies have identified thousands of variants that are associated with numerous phenotypes. One such variant, rs13266634, a nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism in the solute carrier family 30 (zinc transporter) member eight gene, is associated with a 53% increase in the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). We hypothesized that individuals with the protective allele against T2D would show a positive response to short-term and long-term resistance exercise. Two cohorts of young adults--the Eccentric Muscle Damage (EMD; n = 156) cohort and the Functional Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Muscle Size and Strength Study (FAMuSS; n = 874)--were tested for association of the rs13266634 variant with measures of skeletal muscle response to resistance exercise. Our results were sexually dimorphic in both cohorts. Men in the EMD study with two copies of the protective allele showed less post-exercise bout strength loss, less soreness, and lower creatine kinase values. In addition, men in the FAMuSS, homozygous for the protective allele, showed higher pre-exercise strength and larger arm skeletal muscle volume, but did not show a significant difference in skeletal muscle hypertrophy or strength with resistance training. Diabetes 2014;63:363-368 | DOI: 10.2337/db13-1150, Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) are extensively used as a tool to discover common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with complex disease phenotypes such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), dyslipidemia, and [...]

Published
2014
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14. Response to Comment on Sprouse et al. SLC30A8 Nonsynonymous Variant Is Associated With Recovery Following Exercise and Skeletal Muscle Size and Strength. Diabetes 2014;63: 363–368

Author

Sprouse, Courtney, Gordish-Dressman, Heather, Orkunoglu-Suer, E. Funda, Lipof, Jason S., Moeckel-Cole, Stephanie, Patel, Ronak R., Adham, Kasra, Larkin, Justin S., Hubal, Monica J., Kearns, Amy K., Clarkson, Priscilla M., Thompson, Paul D., Angelopoulos, Theodore J., Gordon, Paul M., Moyna, Niall M., Pescatello, Linda S., Visich, Paul S., Zoeller, Robert F., Hoffman, Eric P., Tosi, Laura L., and Devaney, Joseph M.

Published
2014
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15. Association of age with muscle size and strength before and after short-term resistance training in young adults

Author

Lowndes, Joshua, Carpenter, Richard L., Zoeller, Robert F., Seip, Richard L., Moyna, Naill M., Price, Thomas B., Clarkson, Priscilla M., Gordon, Paul M., Pescatello, Linda S., Visich, Paul S., Devaney, Joseph M., Gordish-Dressman, Heather, Hoffman, Eric p., Thomp son, Paul D., and Angelopoulos, Theodore J.

Subjects
Weight training -- Demographic aspects, Young adults -- Physiological aspects, Age -- Physiological aspects, Muscles -- Properties, Muscles -- Demographic aspects, Health, Sports and fitness
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to assess the association of age with muscle mass and strength in a group of young adults before and after 12 weeks of progressive resistance training. Eight hundred twenty-six young males and females (age 24.34 [+ or -] 5.69 yr, range 18-39 yr) completed a strictly supervised 12-week unilateral resistance training program of the nondominant arm. Isometric (maximal voluntary contraction [MVC]) and dynamic strength (1 repetition maximum [1RM]) of the elbow flexors and cross-sectional area (CSA) of the biceps-brachii using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were measured before and after training. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated for size and strength variables and age. In addition, the cohort was divided into groups according to decade of life and differences assessed by analysis of variance. Age correlated significantly and positively with all pretraining measures of muscle size and strength (CSA: r = 0.191, p < 0.001; MVC: r = 0.109, p = 0.002; 1RM: r = 0.109, p = 0.002). Age was not related to the training-induced changes in CSA or MVC but was negatively associated with the change in 1RM (r = -0.21 7, p < 0.001). The study indicates that age does have a significant positive relationship with muscle size and strength in untrained young adults. Although age was negatively associated with improvements in 1RM, the effect of age was small relative to the improvements induced through resistance training, thus suggesting age does not limit response to training in any practical way during early adulthood. KEY WORDS magnetic resonance imaging, muscle cross-sectional area, isometric strength, isotonic strength, supervised resistance training

Published
2009

17. Leptin and Leptin Receptor Genetic Variants Associate with Habitual Physical Activity and Body Composition Changes in Response to Resistance Training: 993: June 3 1:30 PM - 1:45 PM

Author

Walsh, Sean, Haddad, Cedric J., Angelopoulos, Theodore J., Clarkson, Priscilla M., Gordon, Paul M., Moyna, Niall M., Visich, Paul S., Zoeller, Robert F., Bilbie, Steve, Seip, Richard L., Thompson, Paul D., Devaney, Joseph M., Gordish-Dressman, Heather, Hoffman, Eric P., Price, Thomas B., and Pescatello, Linda S.

Published
2011
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29. Variants in MCP1 and MCP1R are Associated with Baseline Muscle Size and Strength: 1551: Board #98 May 28 3:30 PM - 5:00 PM

Author

Harmon, Brennan T., Adham, Kasra, Patel, Ronak R., Larkin, Justin S., Gordish-Dressman, Heather, Suer, Funda, Hubal, Monica, Clarkson, Priscilla M., Thompson, Paul D., Angelopoulos, Theodore J., Gordon, Paul M., Moyna, Niall M., Pescatello, Linda S., Visich, Paul S., Zoeller, Robert F., Tosi, Laura L., Hoffman, Eric P., and Devaney, Joseph M.

Published
2008
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44. Principal component analysis reveals gender-specific predictors of cardiometabolic risk in 6th graders

Author

Peterson Mark D, Liu Dongmei, IglayReger Heidi B, Saltarelli William A, Visich Paul S, and Gordon Paul M

Subjects
Pediatrics, Principal component analysis, Cardiorespiratory fitness, Obesity, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to determine the sex-specific pattern of pediatric cardiometabolic risk with principal component analysis, using several biological, behavioral and parental variables in a large cohort (n = 2866) of 6th grade students. Methods Cardiometabolic risk components included waist circumference, fasting glucose, blood pressure, plasma triglycerides levels and HDL-cholesterol. Principal components analysis was used to determine the pattern of risk clustering and to derive a continuous aggregate score (MetScore). Stratified risk components and MetScore were analyzed for association with age, body mass index (BMI), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), physical activity (PA), and parental factors. Results In both boys and girls, BMI and CRF were associated with multiple risk components, and overall MetScore. Maternal smoking was associated with multiple risk components in girls and boys, as well as MetScore in boys, even after controlling for children’s BMI. Paternal family history of early cardiovascular disease (CVD) and parental age were associated with increased blood pressure and MetScore for girls. Children’s PA levels, maternal history of early CVD, and paternal BMI were also indicative for various risk components, but not MetScore. Conclusions Several biological and behavioral factors were independently associated with children’s cardiometabolic disease risk, and thus represent a unique gender-specific risk profile. These data serve to bolster the independent contribution of CRF, PA, and family-oriented healthy lifestyles for improving children’s health.

Published
2012
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45. INSIG2 gene polymorphism is associated with increased subcutaneous fat in women and poor response to resistance training in men

Author

Zoeller Robert F, Visich Paul S, Pescatello Linda S, Moyna Niall M, Gordon Paul M, Angelopoulos Theodore J, Thompson Paul D, Clarkson Priscilla M, Gordish-Dressman Heather, Orkunoglu-Suer Funda E, Harmon Brennan, Seip Richard L, Hoffman Eric P, and Devaney Joseph M

Subjects
Internal medicine, RC31-1245, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Abstract Background A common SNP upstream of the INSIG2 gene, rs7566605 (g.-10,1025G>C, Chr2:118,552,255, NT_022135.15), was reported to be associated with obesity (Body Mass Index, [BMI]) in a genome-wide association scan using the Framingham Heart Study but has not been reproduced in other cohorts. As BMI is a relatively insensitive measure of adiposity that is subject to many confounding variables, we sought to determine the relationship between the INSIG2 SNP and subcutaneous fat volumes measured by MRI in a young adult population. Methods We genotyped the INSIG2 SNP rs7566605 in college-aged population enrolled in a controlled resistance-training program, (the Functional Polymorphism Associated with Human Muscle Size and Strength, FAMuSS cohort, n = 752 volunteers 18–40 yrs). In this longitudinal study, we examined the effect of the INSIG2 polymorphism on subcutaneous fat and muscle volumes of the upper arm measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before and after 12 wks of resistance training. Gene/phenotype associations were tested using an analysis of covariance model with age and weight as covariates. Further, the % variation in each phenotype attributable to genotype was determined using hierarchical models and tested with a likelihood ratio test. Results Women with a copy of the C allele had higher levels of baseline subcutaneous fat (GG: n = 139; 243473 ± 5713 mm3 vs. GC/CC: n = 181; 268521 ± 5003 mm3; p = 0.0011); but men did not show any such association. Men homozygous for the G ancestral allele showed a loss of subcutaneous fat, while those with one or two copies of the C allele gained a greater percentage of subcutaneous fat with resistance training (GG: n = 103; 1.02% ± 1.74% vs. GC/CC: n = 93; 6.39% ± 1.82%; p = 0.035). Conclusion Our results show that the INSIG2 rs7566605 polymorphism underlies variation in subcutaneous adiposity in young adult women and suppresses the positive effects of resistance training on men. This supports and extends the original finding that there is an association between measures of obesity and INSIG2 rs7566605 and further implicates this polymorphism in fat regulation.

Published
2008
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46. Hyperleptinemia is Associated With CRP but Not Apolipoprotein E and is Reduced by Exercise Training.

Author

Lowndes, Joshua, Zoeller, Robert F., Kyriazis, George A., Miles, Mary P., Seip, Richard L., Moyna, Niall M., Visich, Paul S., Pescatello, Linda S., Gordon, Paul M., Thompson, Paul D., and Angelopoulos, Theodore J.

Subjects
ADIPOSE tissues, ANALYSIS of covariance, ANALYSIS of variance, APOLIPOPROTEINS, BLOOD pressure, BODY weight, C-reactive protein, CARDIOPULMONARY system, STATISTICAL correlation, DIET, EXERCISE, EXERCISE physiology, EXERCISE tests, HEART beat, LONGITUDINAL method, METABOLISM, HEALTH outcome assessment, PROBABILITY theory, SKINFOLD thickness, STATURE, T-test (Statistics), LEPTIN, REPEATED measures design, OXYGEN consumption, DATA analysis software, GENOTYPES
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine whether leptin levels affect the response of leptin to exercise training (ET) and whether this is also affected by C-reactive protein (CRP) or the three common Apolipoprotein E genotypes (APOE). Ninety-seven (male = 45, female = 52) sedentary individuals underwent 6 months of supervised ET. Blood was sampled before the initiation of ET, and again 24 and 72 hr after completion of the final training session. ET resulted in a small reduction in body mass (80.47 ± 18.03 vs 79.42 ± 17.34 kg, p < .01). Leptin was reduced 24 hr after the final exercise session (p < .01), but returned to normal after 72 hr (p > .05)—Pre: 13.51 ± 12.27, 24hr: 12.14 ± 12.34, 72hr: 12.98 ± 11.40 ng/ml. The most hyperleptinemic individuals had a greater initial response, which was sustained through to 72 hr after the final session in the pooled study population (p < .01), and in both males (p < .05) and females (p < .05) separately. CRP was related to leptin independently of body weight and positively related to the reductions in leptin. APOE genotype was not related to leptin levels and did not affect the response to ET. Leptin levels may only be reduced by ET in those with hyperleptinemia. In addition, both the initial extent of hyperleptinemia and the subsequent reduction in leptin may be related to low grade chronic systemic inflammation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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47. PPARα L162V underlies variation in serum triglycerides and subcutaneous fat volume in young males

Author

Clarkson Priscilla M, Angelopoulos Theodore J, Price Thomas B, Thompson Paul D, Seip Richard L, Hansen Barbara C, Brandoli Cinzia, Reeves Erica K, Harmon Brennan, Devaney Joseph, Tesi-Rocha Carolina, Bradbury Meg, Gordish-Dressman Heather, Uthurralt Julieta, Moyna Niall M, Pescatello Linda S, Visich Paul S, Zoeller Robert F, Gordon Paul M, and Hoffman Eric P

Subjects
Internal medicine, RC31-1245, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Abstract Background Of the five sub-phenotypes defining metabolic syndrome, all are known to have strong genetic components (typically 50–80% of population variation). Studies defining genetic predispositions have typically focused on older populations with metabolic syndrome and/or type 2 diabetes. We hypothesized that the study of younger populations would mitigate many confounding variables, and allow us to better define genetic predisposition loci for metabolic syndrome. Methods We studied 610 young adult volunteers (average age 24 yrs) for metabolic syndrome markers, and volumetric MRI of upper arm muscle, bone, and fat pre- and post-unilateral resistance training. Results We found the PPARα L162V polymorphism to be a strong determinant of serum triglyceride levels in young White males, where carriers of the V allele showed 78% increase in triglycerides relative to L homozygotes (LL = 116 ± 11 mg/dL, LV = 208 ± 30 mg/dL; p = 0.004). Men with the V allele showed lower HDL (LL = 42 ± 1 mg/dL, LV = 34 ± 2 mg/dL; p = 0.001), but women did not. Subcutaneous fat volume was higher in males carrying the V allele, however, exercise training increased fat volume of the untrained arm in V carriers, while LL genotypes significantly decreased in fat volume (LL = -1,707 ± 21 mm3, LV = 17,617 ± 58 mm3 ; p = 0.002), indicating a systemic effect of the V allele on adiposity after unilateral training. Our study suggests that the primary effect of PPARα L162V is on serum triglycerides, with downstream effects on adiposity and response to training. Conclusion Our results on association of PPARα and triglycerides in males showed a much larger effect of the V allele than previously reported in older and less healthy populations. Specifically, we showed the V allele to increase triglycerides by 78% (p = 0.004), and this single polymorphism accounted for 3.8% of all variation in serum triglycerides in males (p = 0.0037).

Published
2007
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49. Muscle Size and Strengths and their Associations with Sports Participation among Young Adults

Author

Lee, Harold H., primary, Angelopoulos, Theodore J., additional, Gordon, Paul M., additional, Moyna, Niall M., additional, Visich, Paul S., additional, Zoeller, Robert F., additional, Gordish-Dressman, Heather, additional, Thompson, Paul D., additional, Hoffman, Eric P., additional, Devaney, Joseph M., additional, and Pescatello, Linda S., additional

Published
2018
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