Search

Fil: Vázquez, Natalia. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía. Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía; Argentina Fil: Vázquez, Natalia. Psicología aplicada a personas con enfermedades poco frecuentes; Argentina Fil: Ortega, Javiera. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía. Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía; Argentina Fil: Ortega, Javiera. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Scavone, Kevin Federico. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía. Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía; Argentina Fil: Samaniego, Virginia Corina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía. Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía; Argentina Fil: Arberas, Claudia. Hospital de niños “Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez”. Sección de Genética Médica; Argentina Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar la validación de un instrumento para medir en los padres la adaptación psicológica a una enfermedad o riesgo genético en sus hijos: Escala de Adaptación Psicológica al Asesoramiento Genético (EAP-AG). Se realizó un estudio metodológico, con una muestra de 203 casos. La validez de constructo fue estudiada mediante un análisis paralelo y un análisis factorial exploratorio. La significación del test de esfericidad de Bartlett (χ2 (105) = 1928.4; p < .001) fue significativa y el índice de adecuación muestral Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) indicó una adecuación de .87. Se obtuvo un único factor que explicó el 45% de la varianza. La confiabilidad fue estudiada mediante el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach y se encontró un valor alto de consistencia interna α = .915. El presente estudio ofrece el primer instrumento en español válido y confiable para medir en los padres la adaptación psicológica a la enfermedad o riesgo genético en sus hijos. Abstract: The objective of this work is to present the validation of an instrument to measure the psychological adaptation in parents to a disease or genetic risk in their children: Psychological Adaptation Scale to Genetic Counseling. A methodological study was carried out, with a sample of 203 cases. Construct validity was studied by a parallel analysis and an exploratory factor analysis. The significance of the Bartlett sphericity test (χ2 (105) = 1928.4; p < .001) was significant and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) sample adequacy index indicated an adequacy of .87. A single factor was obtained that explained 45% of the variance. Reliability was studied using the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, finding a high value of internal consistency α = .915. The present study offers the first valid and reliable instrument in Spanish to measure, in parents, their psychological adaptation to a disease or genetic risk in their children.

This study tested for similarities and differences across societies in self-ratings ofproblems, personal strengths, and aspects of adaptive functioning on the Adult Self-Report (ASR) for nonclinical samples of adults ages 18 to 59 in 17 societies (N 10,197). Results indicated considerable consistency across societies regarding meanratings on the ASR problem items. Most effect sizes (ESs) for societal differences inproblem scales were small (2?5%). Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) analysesindicated that culture clusters and society accounted for small percentages of variancein Internalizing, Externalizing, and Total Problems scores, with most of the variationaccounted for by individual differences within societies. In contrast to the small effectsof society on problem scores, for the ASR Personal Strengths scale the societal ES was 34%and culture cluster accounted for 12% of the variance. Worse reported relations withspouse/partner were associated with higher problem scores. Overall, findings indicatedconsiderable similarity but also some important differences in self-reported problems andadaptive functioning across 17 societies. Fil: Rescorla, Leslie A.. Bryn Mawr College; Estados Unidos Fil: Achenbach, Thomas M.. University Of Vermont.; Estados Unidos Fil: Ivanova, Masha Y.. University Of Vermont.; Estados Unidos Fil: Turner, Lori V.. University Of Vermont.; Estados Unidos Fil: Althoff, Robert R.. University Of Vermont.; Estados Unidos Fil: Árnadóttir, Hervör Alma. University of Iceland; Islandia Fil: Au, Alma. Hong Kong Polytechnic University; China Fil: Bellina, Monica. Eugenio Medea Scientific Institute; Italia Fil: Caldas, J. C.. Instituto Superior de Ciencias da Saude-Norte; Brasil Fil: Chen, Yi-Chuen. National Chung Cheng University; China Fil: Csemy, Ladislav. National Institute of Mental Health; Estados Unidos Fil: da Rocha, Marina M.. Mackenzie Presbyterian University; Brasil Fil: Decoster, Jeroen. University of Ghent; Bélgica Fil: Fontaine, Johnny R. J.. University of Ghent; Bélgica Fil: Funabiki, Yasuko. Kyoto University Hospital; Japón Fil: Guðmundsson, Halldór S.. University of Iceland; Islandia Fil: Harder, Valerie S.. University Of Vermont.; Estados Unidos Fil: Kim, Young Ah. No especifíca; Fil: Leung, Patrick. The Chinese University of Hong Kong; China Fil: Ndetei, David M.. Africa Mental Health Foundation; Kenia Fil: Srdanovic Maraš, Jelena. Clinical Center of Vojvodina; Serbia Fil: Markovic, Jasminka. Clinical Center of Vojvodina; Serbia Fil: Oh, Kyung Ja. Yonsei University; Corea del Sur Fil: Samaniego, Virginia Corina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires"; Argentina Fil: Sebre, Sandra. University of Latvia; Letonia Fil: Silvares, Edwiges. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil Fil: Simulioniene, Roma. Klaipeda University; Lituania Fil: Sokoli, Elvisa. University of Tirana; Albania Fil: Vázquez, Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires"; Argentina Fil: Zasepa, Ewa. The Maria Grzegorzewska Academy of Special Education; Polonia

Fil: Vázquez, Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Vázquez, Natalia. Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía. Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía; Argentina Fil: Samaniego, Virginia Corina. Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía. Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía; Argentina Resumen: La presencia de problemas en la salud mental de un niño puede afectar sus posibilidades de desarrollar al máximo sus recursos emocionales y cognitivos. El diagnóstico precoz de estos problemas resulta una medida preventiva por excelencia, por ello es necesario contar con instrumentos validados. Se propuso estandarizar el Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL 1½-5) en su versión en español para padres. Se realizó un estudio instrumental, sobre una muestra de 541 niños en edad preescolar pertenecientes a la población urbana de Argentina, n = 369 pertenecientes a la población general, y n = 172 de un grupo clínico de salud mental. Se demostró que el CBCL 1½-5 permite evaluar grados de problemas comportamentales y emocionales en edades tempranas. Las escalas generales (puntaje total, problemas externalizantes y problemas internalizantes) discriminaron adecuadamente entre el grupo clínico y el grupo de población general. Se corroboró la confiabilidad del instrumento a partir del alto grado de acuerdo entre informantes (madre y padre), los valores adecuados de consistencia interna y los altos valores de correlación pasados 7 días (test-retest) y pasados 6 meses (estabilidad). La estandarización del CBCL 1½-5 permite contar con un instrumento de detección temprana de problemas comportamentales y emocionales, fortaleciendo la capacidad diagnóstica de problemas en la salud mental infantil Abstract: Mental health problems in children can affect their ability to develop emotional and cognitive resources. An early diagnosis of these problems is an excellent prevention strategy; therefore, it is necessary to have validated instruments. We proposed to standardize the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL 1½-5) in its Spanish version for parents. A methodological study was carried out on a sample of 541 preschool children from urban population of Argentina, n = 369 from the general population and n = 172 from a mental health clinical group. According to the results, the CBCL 1½-5 is appropriate to evaluate degrees of behavioral and emotional problems in early ages. The broad scales (total score, externalizing problems and internalizing problems) adequately discriminated between the clinical group and the general population group. The reliability of the instrument was corroborated by high degree of agreement between informants (parents), adequate values of internal consistency, high correlation values after 7 days (test-retest), and after 6 months (stability). The standarized CBCL 1½-5 allows an early detection of behavioral and emotional problems, improving the diagnosis of mental health problems in children

To advance international mental health assessment, instruments that have been internationally validated are needed. To this end, we analyzed ratings from 14 societies on the Adult Behavior Checklist (ABCL), a collateral-report form parallel to the Adult Self-Report (ASR; Achenbach and Rescorla 2003) for ages 18 to 59. Both the ABCL and the ASR assess problems, personal strengths, and adaptive functioning. For a sample of 8322 see note below collaterals, we found strong consistency across societies regarding which ABCL problem items tended to obtain relatively low, medium, or high ratings. Most societal effect sizes (ESs) for problem scale scores were small to medium (< 13.9 %), but the ES for the ABCL Personal Strengths scale was 25 %. For most of the same participants (N = 8,302), we analyzed cross-informant agreement between self-reports on the ASR and collateral reports on the ABCL. Cross-informant correlations for problem scale scores averaged.47, with considerable societal variation. Problem score means were higher on the ASR than the ABCL in every society, but the size of the difference varied across societies. Mean item ratings on the ABCL and ASR were highly correlated within every society (mean r = .92), but within-dyad item rating agreement varied widely in every society (mean r = .39). In all societies, non-corroboration of self-reported deviance and of collateral-reported deviance was common. Overall findings indicated considerable similarity but also some important differences in collateral-reported problems and adaptive functioning across 14 societies. Fil: Rescorla, L.A. Bryn Mawr College; Estados Unidos Fil: Achenbach, T.M.. University of Vermont; Estados Unidos Fil: Ivanova, M.Y. University of Vermont; Estados Unidos Fil: Turner, L.V. University of Vermont; Estados Unidos Fil: Árnadóttir, Hervör. University of Iceland; Islandia Fil: Au, Alma. Hong Kong Polytechnic University; China Fil: Caldas,J. C.. Instituto Superior de Ciencias da Saude-Norte; Portugal Fil: Chen, Y.. National Chung-Cheng University; China Fil: Decoster, J.. University of Ghent; Bélgica Fil: Fontaine,J.R.J.. University of Ghent; Bélgica Fil: Funabiki,Y.. Kyoto University; Japón Fil: Gudmundsson,H.. University of Iceland; Islandia Fil: Leung, P.. The Chinese University of Hong Kong; China Fil: Liu, J.. University of Pennsylvania; Estados Unidos Fil: Maras, J,S.. No especifíca; Fil: Markovic, J.. No especifíca; Fil: Oh, Kyung Ja. Yonsei University; Corea del Sur Fil: da Rocha,M.. Mackenzie Presbyterian University; Brasil Fil: Samaniego, Virginia Corina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía. Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Silvares, E.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil Fil: Simulioniene, R.. Klaipeda University; Lituania Fil: Vázquez, Natalia. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía. Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Zasepa, Ewa. The Maria Grzegorzewska Academy of Special Education; Polonia

Fil: Ivanova, Masha Y. University of Vermont; Estados Unidos Fil: Achenbach, Thomas M. University of Vermont; Estados Unidos Fil: Rescorla, Leslie A. Bryn Mawr College. Department of Psychology; Estados Unidos Fil: Tumer, Lori V. University of Vermont; Estados Unidos Fil: Ahmeti-Pronaj, Adelina. University Clinical Center of Kosova. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; Kosovo Fil: Au, Alma. Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Department of Applied Social Sciences; China Fil: Maese, Carmen Ávila. El Colegio de Chihuahua; México Fil: Bellina, Mónica. Eugenio Medea Scientific Institute. Department of Child Psychiatry; Italia Fil: Caldas, J. Carlos. Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde. Departamento de Ciências Sociais e do Comportamento; Brasil Fil: Chen, Yi Chuen. National Chung Cheng University. Department of Psychology; Taiwan Fil: Csemy, Ladislav. Laboratory of Social Psychiatry. Prague Psychiatric Centre; República Checa Fil: da Rocha, Marina M. University Paulista. Institute of Human Sciences; Brasil Fil: Decoster, Jeroen. Ghent University. Department of Personnel Management, Work, and Organizational Psychology; Bélgica Fil: Dobrean, Anca. Babes-Bolyai University; Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy; Rumania Fil: Ezpeleta, Lourdes. Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona. Departament de Psicologia Clinica i de la Salut; España Fil: Fontaine, Johnny R. J. Ghent University. Department of Personnel Management, Work, and Organizational Psychology; Bélgica Fil: Funabiki, Yasuko. Kyoto University Hospital. Department of Psychiatry; Japón Fil: Gudmundsson, Halldór S. University of Iceland. Faculty of Social Work; Islandia Fil: Harder, Valerie S. University of Vermont; Estados Unidos Fil: de la Cabada, Marie Leiner. Texas Tech University Health Sciences. Department of Pediatrics; Estados Unidos Fil: Leung, Patrick. The Chinese University of Hong Kong. Department of Psychology; China Fil: Liu, Jianghong. University of Pennsylvania. School of Nursing and Medicine; Estados Unidos Fil: Mahr, Safia. Université Paris Ouest Nanterre la Défense. Laboratoire EVACLIPSY. Departement de Psychologie; Francia Fil: Malykh, Sergey. Psychological Institute of Russian Academy of Education; Rusia Fil: Maras, Jelena Srdanovic. Clinical Center of Vojvodina; Serbia Fil: Marković, Jasminka. University of Novi Sad. Medical Faculty Novi Sad, Clinical Center of Vojvodina; Serbia Fil: Ndetei, David M. Africa Mental Health Foundation; Kenia Fil: Oh, Kyung Ja. Yonsei University. Department of Psychology; Corea del Sur Fil: Petot, Jean-Michel. Université de Paris Ouest. Laboratoire EVACLIPSY. Departement de Psychologie; Francia Fil: Riad, Geylan. Helwan University; Egipto Fil: Sakarya, Direnc. Ankara University. Faculty of Medicine. Department of Psychiatry; Turquía Fil: Samaniego, Virginia Corina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía; Argentina Fil: Sebre, Sandra. University of Latvia. Department of Psychology; Letonia Fil: Shahini, Mimoza. University Clinical Center of Kosova. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; Kosovo Fil: Silvares, Edwiges Ferreira de Mattos. University of São Paulo. Instituto de Psicologia; Brasil Fil: Šimulionienė, Roma. Klaipeda University. Department of Psychology; Lituania Fil: Sokoli, Elvisa. University of Tirana. Department of Psychology; Albania Fil: Aston University. School of Life and Health Sciences. Aston Brain Centre; Inglaterra Fil: Vázquez, Natalia. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía; Argentina Fil: Zasępa, Ewa. The Maria Grzegorzewska Academy of Special Education; Polonia Abstract: This study tested the multi-society generalizability of an eight-syndrome assessment model derived from factor analyses of American adults' self-ratings of 120 behavioral, emotional, and social problems. The Adult Self-Report (ASR; Achenbach and Rescorla 2003) was completed by 17,152 18-59-year-olds in 29 societies. Confirmatory factor analyses tested the fit of self-ratings in each sample to the eight-syndrome model. The primary model fit index (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation) showed good model fit for all samples, while secondary indices showed acceptable to good fit. Only 5 (0.06%) of the 8,598 estimated parameters were outside the admissible parameter space. Confidence intervals indicated that sampling fluctuations could account for the deviant parameters. Results thus supported the tested model in societies differing widely in social, political, and economic systems, languages, ethnicities, religions, and geographical regions. Although other items, societies, and analytic methods might yield different results, the findings indicate that adults in very diverse societies were willing and able to rate themselves on the same standardized set of 120 problem items. Moreover, their self-ratings fit an eight-syndrome model previously derived from self-ratings by American adults. The support for the statistically derived syndrome model is consistent with previous findings for parent, teacher, and self-ratings of 1½-18-year-olds in many societies. The ASR and its parallel collateral-report instrument, the Adult Behavior Checklist (ABCL), may offer mental health professionals practical tools for the multi-informant assessment of clinical constructs of adult psychopathology that appear to be meaningful across diverse societies.

Desde la epidemiología la relación entre sucesos de vida y trastornos psíquicos infantiles no es tan clara. El rol etiológico directo asignado a los eventos vitales podría reducirse al considerar los niveles de problemas previos a los eventos. Se examinó en una muestra de población general de niños de 6 a 11 años (N = 69) la asociación entre sucesos de vida y cambios en el grado de problemas comportamentales. Los sucesos fueron predictores del nivel actual de problemas comportamentales, siendo un hallazgo estadísticamente significativo. Sin embargo, al incluir el nivel de problemas previo a los eventos ese efecto se redujo y fue el nivel inicial de problemas el mejor predictor. Los resultados dan soporte a la hipótesis en estudio. From an epidemiological perspective the relationship between life events and psychological disorders in children is not so clear. The direct etiological role given to life events might be diminish when considering the level of psychological disorders previous to the events. The association among life events and changes in the level of behavioral and emotional problems in a general sample of 6-11 years old children (N = 69) was investigated. Life events predicted the actual level of behavioral problems. However, when including the initial level of problems the life events effect lessened. The initial level of behavioral problems was the better predictor of the actual level. The findings give support to the hypothesis under study.

The purpose was to advance research and clinical methodology for assessing psychopathology by testing the international generalizability of an 8-syndrome model derived from collateral ratings of adult behavioral, emotional, social, and thought problems. Collateral informants rated 8,582 18-59-year-old residents of 18 societies on the Adult Behavior Checklist (ABCL). Confirmatory factor analyses tested the fit of the 8-syndrome model to ratings from each society. The primary model fit index (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation) showed good model fit for all societies, while secondary indices (Tucker Lewis Index, Comparative Fit Index) showed acceptable to good fit for 17 societies. Factor loadings were robust across societies and items. Of the 5,007 estimated parameters, 4 (0.08%) were outside the admissible parameter space, but 95% confidence intervals included the admissible space, indicating that the 4 deviant parameters could be due to sampling fluctuations. The findings are consistent with previous evidence for the generalizability of the 8-syndrome model in self-ratings from 29 societies, and support the 8-syndrome model for operationalizing phenotypes of adult psychopathology from multi-informant ratings in diverse societies., El propósito fue avanzar en la metodología clínica y de investigación de la evaluación psicopatológica mediante el examen de la generalización internacional de un modelo de 8 síndromes derivados de evaluaciones de personas allegadas a adultos, en sus problemas emocionales, sociales y de pensamiento. Informantes allegados a los adultos calificaron a 8.582 residentes de 18 países entre 18 y 59 anos ˜ de edad con el Adult Behavior Checklist (ABCL). Un análisis factorial confirmatorio examinó el ajuste del modelo de 8 síndromes a las puntuaciones provenientes de cada país. El índice primario de ajuste del modelo (RMSEA) mostró un buen ajuste del modelo para todas las sociedades, mientras que índices secundarios (TLI, CFI) mostraron un ajuste de aceptable a bueno para 17 países. Las cargas factoriales fueron robustas a través de los países e ítems. Los hallazgos son consistentes con evidencia previa existente para la generalización del modelo de 8 síndromes en autoinformes de 29 sociedades. Además, los resultados respaldan el modelo de 8 síndromes para operacionalizar fenotipos de psicopatología del adulto provenientes de evaluaciones de múltiples informantes en diversas sociedades.

Uno de los factores que influencia el consumo de tabaco en la población general es el de consumo en los profesionales de la salud. Ese consumo se ha estudiado fundamentalmente en médicos. Se determinó la prevalencia de consumo de tabaco y otras variables psicosociales en profesionales psicólogos empleando un diseño observacional transversal. Se indagó: consumo de tabaco, estadios de cambio, tentación, nivel de adicción, aceptabilidad social. El cuestionario fue administrado a una muestra intencional de 1204 psicólogos. Los resultados arrojan una prevalencia del 34,1%, un 57,5% de la muestra se encuentra en el estadio de pre-contemplación. La prevalencia de consumo de tabaco en psicólogos resulta mayor que en población general y existe una alta resistencia para dejar de fumar. One of the main factors that affects population trend of smoking is the consumption level among health professionals. That consumption has been studied mainly among physicians. This study aims to determine the prevalence of tobacco use and other psychosocial variables among psychologists through an observational cross-sectional study. Features inquired were: tobacco consumption; stages of change, temptation, degree of addiction, social acceptability. The final sample was 1204 psychologists. The study yielded a prevalence of smoking of 34,1%. The percentage of psychologists in the precontemplation stage was 57,5%. The prevalence of smoking in psychologists is higher than in the general population and there is a high quitting resistance in this population. Fil: Samaniego, Virginia Corina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires"; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina Fil: Vázquez, Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires"; Argentina Fil: Bonzo, Claudia. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía; Argentina Fil: Rodríguez de Behrends, Marisa. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía; Argentina Fil: García, Alicia. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía; Argentina