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The current work is carried out to investigate the mixed convection flow behavior of ternary-based nanofluid over an inclined surface in the presence of a magnetic field, waste discharge concentration, and joule heating effects. The governing equations with proper assumptions were converted into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) form by implementing suitable similarity constraints and solved with Runge Kutta Fehlberg 4th 5th order and shooting scheme. The stacking regression model approach is implemented along with the Runge Kutta Fehlberg 4th 5th order technique. The obtained outcomes are presented with graphs, and model correctness is assessed using the combination of Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), Extra Tree Regression (ETR), and Random Forest (RF). The consistency and stability of the model are demonstrated by the closely linked testing and training data. The study outcomes show that the rise in the magnetic constraint will improve the velocity profile while improved values of local pollutant external source and external pollutant source variation parameters will enhance the concentration profile. Enhancement in Eckart number and solid volume fraction values will improve the rate of thermal distribution. Ternary nanofluid shows significant improvement than nanofluid. The surface drag force is increased about 8 %-9 % in assisting flow case and 8 %-17 % for opposing flow case for different values of magnetic parameter, the rate of thermal distribution improved from 75.54 % to 11.55 % in assisting flow case and 16.87 % to 25.70 % in opposing flow case for different values of Eckert number. The study's results might contribute to the advancement of more effective heat exchangers and cooling systems for electronics and engines. Exploration and extraction of oil, as well as the creation of efficient water purification systems.

The main motivation of this study is to examine the effects and behavior of Casson nanofluid mainly in reference to oblique stagnation points across a stretching surface. Oblique stagnation point (OSP) motions have so many applications, like artificial fibers, sticky materials, drying paper, and freezing electrical equipment, and numerous applications for endothermic and exothermic processes exist, including in heat exchangers, cooking, and drying damp clothes. Because of these applications on various domains, the Casson nanofluid OSP motion via a stretching sheet is studied with endothermic/exothermic chemical processes and convective boundary conditions (CBC). Similarity transformations are employed to convert partial differential equations (PDEs) into a collection of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Furthermore, some significant engineering coefficients are discussed and also evaluated the behaviors of several nondimensional factors using the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg-45 numeric method with a shooting scheme and graphical representations. The outcomes signify that temperature and concentration both rise with a rise in the Casson parameter and activation energy (AE) respectively. A higher Biot value leads to a higher temperature profile. A temperature profile increases with an enhance in the Casson parameter. The addition of a solid fraction will enrich the mass transmission rate in combination with AE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studying waste discharge concentration across a convergent/divergent channel is essential in environmental-related applications. Successful environmental administration must understand the behavior and concentration of waste contaminants released into these channels. Analyzing waste discharge concentrations aids in determining the efficacy of treatment techniques and regulatory controls in lowering pollutant scales. Because of this, the current analysis examines the ternary-based nanofluid flow across convergent/divergent channels, including non-uniform heat source/sink and concentration pollutants. The study also concentrates on understanding the movement and heat transmission characteristics in ternary-based nano-liquid systems with divergent and convergent channels and maximizing the ternary nanofluid flow’s effectiveness. The equations representing the flow, temperature, and concentrations are transformed into a system of ODEs (ordinary differential equations) and are obtained by proper similarity variables. Further, solutions of ODEs are gathered by using the Runge Kutta Fehlberg 4-5 (RKF-45) method and shooting procedure. The significant dimensionless constraints and their impacts are discussed using plots. The results mainly focus on improving local and external pollutant source variation will enhance the concentration for the divergent channel while declining for the convergent channel. Adding a solid fraction of nanoparticles will escalate the surface drag force. These findings may enhance heat management, lessen pollutant dispersion, and enhance the circulation of nanofluid systems.

Livestock provides an additional source of income for marginal cropping farmers, but crop residues that are used as a main source of animal feed are characteristically low in digestibility and protein content. This reduces the potential livestock product yield and quality. The key trait, which influences the quality and the cost of animal feed, is digestibility. In this study, we demonstrate that sorghum breeding can be directed to achieve genetic gains for both fodder biomass and digestibility without any trade-offs. The genotypic variance has shown significant differences for biomass across years (13,035 in 2016 and 3,395 in 2017) while in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) showed significant genotypic variation in 2016 (0.253) under drought. A range of agronomic and fodder quality traits was found to vary significantly in the population within both the control and drought conditions and across both years of the study. There was significant genotypic variance (σg2) and genotypic × treatment variance (σgxt2) in dry matter production in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population in both study years, while there was only significant σg2 and σgxt2 in IVOMD under the control conditions. There was no significant correlation identified between biomass and digestibility traits under the control conditions, but there was a positive correlation under drought. However, a negative relation was observed between digestibility and grain yield under the control conditions, while there was no significant correlation under drought population, which was genotyped using the genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technique, and 1,141 informative single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were identified. A linkage map was constructed, and a total of 294 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were detected, with 534 epistatic interactions, across all of the traits under study. QTL for the agronomic traits fresh and dry weight, together with plant height, mapped on to the linkage group (LG) 7, while QTL for IVOMD mapped on to LG1, 2, and 8. A number of genes previously reported to play a role in nitrogen metabolism and cell wall-related functions were found to be associated with these QTL.

Sorghum is widely grown as a failsafe crop in semi-arid regions particularly in post rainy season. Though the effect of drought on crop performance is studied widely there are few studies illustrating the association of fodder quality and agronomic traits under drought. To study the interactions we evaluated a set of 24 cultivars under drought for three years in post rainy season. The effect of drought was evident in delayed flowering (by 2 days) and reduce plant height (by 0.98 cm) compared to control. The fodder digestibility traits were reduced (in vitro organic matter digestibility by 2.25 times) under drought. All the plant growth and yield parameters recorded higher heritability compared to fodder quality parameters (

Regulation of gene expression programs is crucial for the survival of microbial pathogens in host environments and for their ability to cause disease. Here we investigated the epigenetic regulator RSC (Remodels the Structure of Chromatin) in the most prevalent human fungal pathogen Candida albicans. Biochemical analysis showed that CaRSC comprises 13 subunits and contains two novel non-essential members, which we named Nri1 and Nri2 (Novel RSC Interactors) that are exclusive to the CTG clade of Saccharomycotina. Genetic analysis showed distinct essentiality of C. albicans RSC subunits compared to model fungal species suggesting functional and structural divergence of RSC functions in this fungal pathogen. Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of a conditional mutant of the essential catalytic subunit gene STH1 demonstrated global roles of RSC in C. albicans biology, with the majority of growth-related processes affected, as well as mis-regulation of genes involved in morphotype switching, host-pathogen interaction and adaptive fitness. We further assessed the functions of non-essential CaRSC subunits, showing that the novel subunit Nri1 and the bromodomain subunit Rsc4 play roles in filamentation and stress responses; and also interacted at the genetic level to regulate cell viability. Consistent with these roles, Rsc4 is required for full virulence of C. albicans in the murine model of systemic infection. Taken together, our data builds the first comprehensive study of the composition and roles of RSC in C. albicans, showing both conserved and distinct features compared to model fungal systems. The study illuminates how C. albicans uses RSC-dependent transcriptional regulation to respond to environmental signals and drive survival fitness and virulence in mammals.

We report a new excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT)‐inspired hydroxyl (OH)‐substituted pyrene‐imidazole that promote unprecedented intramolecular proton transfer in the ground state (GSIPT). The enol and keto isomers are in equilibrium, with a high keto‐isomer component in the solid state. In conjunction with DFT calculations, the photophysical studies and crystal structure analysis shred substantial evidence for the ground state transformation. The ESIPT‐active compounds also show the rare feature of high dual solution (φf=70 %) and solid state (φf=41 %) emission characteristics and counter‐intuitive stronger intermolecular interactions in the solid state versus the ESIPT‐inactive counterparts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lanthanum oxide nanoparticles (LONPs) were prepared by the probe sonication method. Various analytical and electrochemical techniques were employed to understand the morphology, crystallinity, and band gap of LONPs. The electrochemical sensing ability of the as synthesized LONPs with the carboxymethyl cellulose material present in the eye drops was investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies revealed that the NPs exists in a hexagonal lattice with a space group, P321 with a crystallite size ranging between 14 and 17 nm. UV-DRS (diffuse reflectance) spectra was used to arrive at the band gap of 3.54 eV for LONPs. Cyclic voltametric (CV) results presented superior electrochemical properties for LONPs with lower value of ΔEa,c. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) material in eye drops was effectively sensed by LONPs in 0.1 N HCl electrolyte. Electrochemical impedance study corroborated the least charge-transfer resistance value for LONPs, obtained after fitting to the equivalent circuit. The electrochemical behavior confirmed the potential role of LONPs as a promising electrode material for sensing molecule such as CMC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]