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Successful in vitro techniques depend on the possibility to mimic in vivo conditions. For this reason, knowledge on reproductive physiology is necessary to define an efficient entirely in vitro system to produce embryos. A better understanding of the processes and the factors underlying in vivo fertilisation in the dog is necessar. In vitro oocyte maturation had been extensively studied, but we could wonder if in vivo processes are identical with what was observed during in vitro studies. Improving reproductive biotechnologies therefore requires the realization of fundamental studies to better describe and understand phenomena. This review presents a summary of current available knowledge about dog reproductive physiology and biology of the canine oocyte development and maturation, specifically those factors influencing in vitro developmental competence of the oocyte. An understanding of the mechanisms controlling oocyte maturation and development is a particularly important target because it would be helpful to developing assisted breeding in this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 19 cases of benign tumors of the stomach (representing 4,8% of a total of 417 cases of gastric tumors hospitalized between 1969 and 1975) the authors stress the difficulties of the early diagnosis, the non-characteristic symptomatology, as well as the fact that the patients are hospitalized mostly for acute complications (upper digestive hemorhages). The type of expresis depends on the location and the extension of the tumors.

In 53 patients with traumatic lesions of the stomach hospitalized between 1967 and 1975 in the Emergency Hospital of Bucharest a death-rate of 17% was noted, determined by the complexity of visceral associated lesions. The etiology was the following: 34 wounds by knife, 3 due to ricocheted bolt and 16 by abdominal contusions. The authors stress the necessity for careful and accurate exploration of the abdominal cavity during surgery and the posterior aspect of the stomach should be visualized through the bursa omentalis. The technique should be individualized for each particular case.

In a group of 71 patients with traumatic lesions of the colon 14 deaths were recorded, representing 19.7% of the total. In 27 patients with isolated colon lesions surgery successfully solved all the cases without any death. Death-rates increased when traumatic lesions of the colon were associated with those of other abdominal organs. From the etiological viewpoint the lesions of the colon were due in 45 cases to pointed weapons, in 4 cases to firearms and in 22 cases to abdominal contusion. Three patients died during surgery, in whom attempts were made far the repair of associated visceral lesions far more severe than the colon lesion. In 68 patients the following surgical interventions were made: 51 primary sutures with peritoneal drainage; 10 colectomies followed by immediate recovery of the transit (4 right hemicolectomies, 4 sigmoidectomies, 2 colectomies of the tranverse); 4 interventions of the Hartman type; one exteriorisation of the sigmoid; one suture associated with transverse caecostomy and exteriorization of the ends.

The present paper reports on 37 primary tumours of the jejunoileum, of which 19 malignant and 18 benign. The authors emphasize the difficulty of establishing a diagnosis before the onset of one of the dramatic complications in the evolution of tumours of the small intestine. The patients were admitted for the following complications: occlusive syndrome -- 28 cases (72.9%), peritoneal syndrome -- 6 cases (16.2%) and hemorrhagic syndrome -- 3 cases (8.1%). All the patients with a peritoneal and hemorrhagic syndrome had malignant tumours.

Based on the experience accumulated in the treatment of 35 cases of iterative occlusions through adherences and perivisceritis the authors present the advantages and the disadvantages of the different operatory techniques employed (total or partial Noble procedure, Raymond technique, Child-Phillips method, C. Andreolu and I. Vintilă procedures). The various factors are stressed (such as local and general conditions of the patients) that preside over the selection of the operative procedure.