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X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP) is a rare inherited retinal disease predominantly affecting males. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to determine the prevalence of retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator (RPGR)-mutated XLRP. Identified studies were used to estimate four components among males: the prevalence of retinitis pigmentosa (RP), the proportion of RP that was X-linked, the proportion of misclassified inheritance type among RP cases, and the proportion of XLRP that was RPGR-mutated. Studies providing a direct estimate of XLRP prevalence were also included. The components’ sample size-weighted averages were combined to determine an overall prevalence estimate. The prevalence of XLRP was estimated to be between 2.7–3.5 per 100,000 males in the US, Europe, and Australia. After correction for misclassification, the prevalence increased to 4.0–5.2 per 100,000 males. Finally, the proportion of XLRP cases due to RPGR mutations was applied, resulting in an RPGR-mutated XLRP estimate of 3.4–4.4 per 100,000 males. Studies from other countries were consistent with the results for the overall XLRP prevalence but were not included in the final calculation because of regional variations and lack of detailed information. These findings address an important gap in the understanding of RPGR-mutated XLRP by summarizing the global burden of this condition.

Objective We sought to understand the influence of food insecurity on women's stress, disordered eating, dietary fat intake and weight during the postpartum period. Design and Methods: We estimated the association between marginal food security and food insecurity—measured during pregnancy and postpartum—and stress, disordered eating, dietary fat intake and weight at 3 and 12 months postpartum using multivariate linear regression, controlling for demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and health behaviors. We assessed effect modification between level of food insecurity and prepregnancy weight status, hypothesizing a stronger association would be found among women who started pregnancy overweight or obese. Results Food insecurity status during pregnancy was strongly associated with higher levels of stress, disordered eating, and dietary fat intake at 3 and 12 months postpartum; during the postpartum period it was associated with these measures at 12 month postpartum. A significant interaction was found between level of food insecurity and prepregnancy weight status; food insecurity was associated with greater weight and BMI at 12 months only among overweight/obese women. Conclusions In order to return to one's prepregnancy weight, overweight and obese women who face household food insecurity may need multipronged assistance that addresses not only having enough high quality food, but include stress reduction and eating behavior interventions.