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1. Ultracold atoms in disordered potentials: elastic scattering time in the strong scattering regime

Author

Adrien Signoles, Baptiste Lecoutre, Jérémie Richard, Lih-King Lim, Vincent Denechaud, Valentin V Volchkov, Vasiliki Angelopoulou, Fred Jendrzejewski, Alain Aspect, Laurent Sanchez-Palencia, and Vincent Josse

Subjects
quantum gases, disordered systems, Anderson localization, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We study the elastic scattering time ${\tau }_{{\rm{s}}}$ of ultracold atoms propagating in optical disordered potentials in the strong scattering regime, going beyond the recent work of Richard et al (2019 Phys. Rev. Lett. 122 100403). There, we identified the crossover between the weak and the strong scattering regimes by comparing direct measurements and numerical simulations to the first order Born approximation. Here we focus specifically on the strong scattering regime, where the first order Born approximation is not valid anymore and the scattering time is strongly influenced by the nature of the disorder. To interpret our observations, we connect the scattering time ${\tau }_{{\rm{s}}}$ to the profiles of the spectral functions that we estimate using higher order Born perturbation theory or self-consistent Born approximation. The comparison reveals that self-consistent methods are well suited to describe ${\tau }_{{\rm{s}}}$ for Gaussian-distributed disorder, but fails for laser speckle disorder. For the latter, we show that the peculiar profiles of the spectral functions, as measured independently in Volchkov et al (2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 120 060404), must be taken into account. Altogether our study characterizes the validity range of usual theoretical methods to predict the elastic scattering time of matter waves, which is essential for future close comparison between theory and experiments, for instance regarding the ongoing studies on Anderson localization.

Published
2019
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3. Bichromatic state-dependent disordered potential for Anderson localization of ultracold atoms

Author

Baptiste Lecoutre, Yukun Guo, Xudong Yu, M. Niranjan, Musawwadah Mukhtar, Valentin V. Volchkov, Alain Aspect, and Vincent Josse

Subjects
Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), FOS: Physical sciences, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract

The ability to load ultracold atoms at a well-defined energy in a disordered potential is a crucial tool to study quantum transport, and in particular Anderson localization. In this paper, we present a new method for achieving that goal by rf transfer of atoms of an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate from a disorder insensitive state to a disorder sensitive state. It is based on a bichromatic laser speckle pattern, produced by two lasers whose frequencies are chosen so that their light-shifts cancel each other in the first state and add-up in the second state. Moreover, the spontaneous scattering rate in the disorder-sensitive state is low enough to allow for long observation times of quantum transport in that state. We theoretically and experimentally study the characteristics of the resulting potential., 14 pages, 7 figures

Published
2022

5. Spectral functions and localization landscape theory in speckle potentials

Author

Pierre Pelletier, Dominique Delande, Vincent Josse, Alain Aspect, Svitlana Mayboroda, Douglas N. Arnold, Marcel Filoche, Laboratoire de physique de la matière condensée (LPMC), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB [Collège de France]), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Laboratoire Charles Fabry / Gaz Quantiques, Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), and Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Quantum Physics, semiclassical, atom, effective potential, potential: random, FOS: Physical sciences, condensation: Bose-Einstein, Wigner, landscape, localization, laser, phase space, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], efficiency, spectral representation, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), statistical
Abstract

Spectral function is a key tool for understanding the behavior of Bose-Einstein condensates of cold atoms in random potentials generated by a laser speckle. In this paper we introduce a new method for computing the spectral functions in disordered potentials. Using a combination of the Wigner-Weyl approach with the landscape theory, we build an approximation for the Wigner distributions of the eigenstates in the phase space and show its accuracy in all regimes, from the deep quantum regime to the intermediate and semiclassical. Based on this approximation, we devise a method to compute the spectral functions using only the landscape-based effective potential. The paper demonstrates the efficiency of the proposed approach for disordered potentials with various statistical properties without requiring any adjustable parameters., Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures

Published
2021
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6. Ultracold Atoms in Disordered Potentials: Elastic Scattering Time in the Strong Scattering Regime

Author

Fred Jendrzejewski, Vincent Denechaud, Baptiste Lecoutre, Lih-King Lim, Adrien Signoles, Valentin Volchkov, Alain Aspect, Vasiliki Angelopoulou, Jérémie Richard, Laurent Sanchez-Palencia, Vincent Josse, Laboratoire Charles Fabry / Gaz Quantiques, Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS), Zhejiang University, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Kirchhoff Institut für Physik, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Centre de Physique Théorique [Palaiseau] (CPHT), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)

Subjects
Physics, Elastic scattering, Anderson localization, [PHYS.COND.GAS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Quantum Gases [cond-mat.quant-gas], Scattering, General Physics and Astronomy, Order (ring theory), FOS: Physical sciences, Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn), Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, 01 natural sciences, 3. Good health, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Ultracold atom, Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, Matter wave, [PHYS.COND.CM-DS-NN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Disordered Systems and Neural Networks [cond-mat.dis-nn], Perturbation theory, Born approximation, 010306 general physics, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases
Abstract

We study the elastic scattering time $\tau_\mathrm{s}$ of ultracold atoms propagating in optical disordered potentials in the strong scattering regime, going beyond the recent work of J. Richard \emph{et al.} \textit{Phys. Rev. Lett.} \textbf{122} 100403 (2019). There, we identified the crossover between the weak and the strong scattering regimes by comparing direct measurements and numerical simulations to the first order Born approximation. Here we focus specifically on the strong scattering regime, where the first order Born approximation is not valid anymore and the scattering time is strongly influenced by the nature of the disorder. To interpret our observations, we connect the scattering time $\tau_\mathrm{s}$ to the profiles of the spectral functions that we estimate using higher order Born perturbation theory or self-consistent Born approximation. The comparison reveals that self-consistent methods are well suited to describe $\tau_\mathrm{s}$ for Gaussian-distributed disorder, but fails for laser speckle disorder. For the latter, we show that the peculiar profiles of the spectral functions, as measured independently in V. Volchkov \emph{et al.} \textit{Phys. Rev. Lett.} \textbf{120}, 060404 (2018), must be taken into account. Altogether our study characterizes the validity range of usual theoretical methods to predict the elastic scattering time of matter waves, which is essential for future close comparison between theory and experiments, for instance regarding the ongoing studies on Anderson localization., Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures

Published
2019

7. Elastic Scattering Time of Matter-Waves in Disordered Potentials

Author

Vincent Josse, Jérémie Richard, Musawwadah Mukhtar, Alain Aspect, Fred Jendrzejewski, Vincent Denechaud, Adrien Signoles, Lih-King Lim, Valentin Volchkov, Laurent Sanchez-Palencia, Baptiste Lecoutre, Laboratoire Charles Fabry / Gaz Quantiques, Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS), Zhejiang University, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Centre de Physique Théorique [Palaiseau] (CPHT), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)

Subjects
Physics, Elastic scattering, Anderson localization, Condensed matter physics, [PHYS.COND.GAS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Quantum Gases [cond-mat.quant-gas], Scattering, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn), Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, 01 natural sciences, Condensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Orders of magnitude (time), Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Ultracold atom, 0103 physical sciences, Matter wave, [PHYS.COND.CM-DS-NN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Disordered Systems and Neural Networks [cond-mat.dis-nn], Born approximation, 010306 general physics, Transport phenomena, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases
Abstract

We report on an extensive study of the elastic scattering time $\tauS$ of matter-waves in optical disordered potentials. Using direct experimental measurements, numerical simulations and comparison with first-order Born approximation based on the knowledge of the disorder properties, we explore the behavior of $\tauS$ over more than three orders of magnitude, spanning from the weak to the strong scattering regime. We study in detail the location of the crossover and, as a main result, we reveal the strong influence of the disorder statistics, especially on the relevance of the widely used Ioffe-Regel-like criterion $k\lS\sim 1$. While it is found to be relevant for Gaussian-distributed disordered potentials, we observe significant deviations for laser speckle disorders that are commonly used with ultracold atoms. Our results are crucial for connecting experimental investigation of complex transport phenomena, such as Anderson localization, to microscopic theories., 6+4 pages, 3+4 figures

Published
2019

8. Direct observation of Anderson localization of matter waves in a controlled disorder

Author

Alain Aspect, Juliette Billy, David Clément, Laurent Sanchez-Palencia, Ben Hambrecht, Vincent Josse, Zhanchun Zuo, Pierre Lugan, Philippe Bouyer, Alain Bernard, laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique / Optique atomique, Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique (LCFIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Melaboferia, ANR-05-BLAN-0147, Projet NTOR-4_42586, and ANR-05-BLAN-0147,MelaBoFerla,Mélange de gaz quantiques dégénérés à interactions contrôlées: interférométrie atomique et nouvelles phases quantiques(2005)

Subjects
Anderson localization, FOS: Physical sciences, 05.30.Jp, 03.75.Kk, 03.75.Nt, 05.60.Gg, Electron, anderson localisation, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.COND.CM-DS-NN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Disordered Systems and Neural Networks [cond-mat.dis-nn], Bose Einstein condensate, 010306 general physics, Wave function, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Multidisciplinary, Condensed matter physics, Scattering, Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn), disorder, Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter, Weak localization, Wavelength, [PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other], Quantum electrodynamics, Matter wave, Bose–Einstein condensate, Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
Abstract

Anderson localization (AL) is a phenomenon in wave physics, occurring when interference between multiple scattering paths causes diffusion to cease. Experimentally, localization has been reported for light waves, microwaves, sound waves and electron gases, but there has been no direct observation of AL for matter waves of any type. The paper reports AL in a Bose–Einstein condensate as it expands in a one-dimensional disordered optical potential. The authors image directly the atomic density profiles as a function of time, and find that weak disorder can stop the expansion and lead to the formation of a stationary exponentially localized wave function — a direct signature of AL. The method can be extended to localization of atomic quantum gases in higher dimensions, and with controlled interactions. In 1958, Anderson predicted the localization1 of electronic wavefunctions in disordered crystals and the resulting absence of diffusion. It is now recognized that Anderson localization is ubiquitous in wave physics2 because it originates from the interference between multiple scattering paths. Experimentally, localization has been reported for light waves3,4,5,6,7, microwaves8,9, sound waves10 and electron gases11. However, there has been no direct observation of exponential spatial localization of matter waves of any type. Here we observe exponential localization of a Bose–Einstein condensate released into a one-dimensional waveguide in the presence of a controlled disorder created by laser speckle12. We operate in a regime of pure Anderson localization, that is, with weak disorder—such that localization results from many quantum reflections of low amplitude—and an atomic density low enough to render interactions negligible. We directly image the atomic density profiles as a function of time, and find that weak disorder can stop the expansion and lead to the formation of a stationary, exponentially localized wavefunction—a direct signature of Anderson localization. We extract the localization length by fitting the exponential wings of the profiles, and compare it to theoretical calculations. The power spectrum of the one-dimensional speckle potentials has a high spatial frequency cutoff, causing exponential localization to occur only when the de Broglie wavelengths of the atoms in the expanding condensate are greater than an effective mobility edge corresponding to that cutoff. In the opposite case, we find that the density profiles decay algebraically, as predicted in ref. 13. The method presented here can be extended to localization of atomic quantum gases in higher dimensions, and with controlled interactions.

Published
2008

9. Suppression and Revival of Weak Localization through Control of Time-Reversal Symmetry

Author

Jérémie Richard, Alain Aspect, Vincent Josse, Kilian Müller, Philippe Bouyer, Valentin Volchkov, Vincent Denechaud, Laboratoire Charles Fabry / Optique atomique, Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS), lp2n-02,lp2n-11, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences (LP2N), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Anderson localization, General method, [PHYS.COND.GAS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Quantum Gases [cond-mat.quant-gas], Dephasing, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn), Coherent backscattering, Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Pulse (physics), Weak localization, T-symmetry, Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Ultracold atom, Quantum mechanics, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases
Abstract

We report on the observation of suppression and revival of coherent backscattering of ultra-cold atoms launched in an optical disorder and submitted to a short dephasing pulse, as proposed in a recent paper of T. Micklitz \textit{et al.} [arXiv:1406.6915]. This observation, in a quasi-2D geometry, demonstrates a novel and general method to study weak localization by manipulating time reversal symmetry in disordered systems. In future experiments, this scheme could be extended to investigate higher order localization processes at the heart of Anderson (strong) localization., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures

Published
2015

10. Generation and storage of quantum states using cold atoms

Author

Aurélien Dantan, J. Cviklinski, Vincent Josse, Elisabeth Giacobino, Michel Pinard, and Alberto Bramati

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Physics, Angular momentum, chemistry.chemical_element, Quantum Physics, Quantum entanglement, Polarization (waves), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Rubidium, chemistry, Quantum state, Excited state, Physics::Atomic Physics, Atomic physics, Quantum information, Ground state
Abstract

Cold cesium or rubidium atomic samples have a good potential both for generation and storage of nonclassical states of light. Generation of nonclassical states of light is possible through the high non-linearity of cold atomic samples excited close to a resonance line. Quadrature squeezing, polarization squeezing and entanglement have been demonstrated. Quantum state storage is made possible by the presence of long-lived angular momentum in the ground state. Cold atoms are thus a promising resource in quantum information.

Published
2006

11. Collective atomic spin squeezing and control

Author

Michel Pinard, L. Vernac, Vincent Josse, and Elisabeth Giacobino

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Quantum optics, Electromagnetic field, Physics, Spins, Quantum noise, Optical physics, Quantum Physics, Plasma, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, law, Quantum mechanics, Optical cavity, Quantum fluctuation
Abstract

Using a quantum theory for an ensemble of two- or three-level atoms driven by electromagnetic fields in an optical cavity, we show that the various spins associated with the atomic ensemble can be squeezed. Two kinds of squeezing are obtained: on the one hand self-spin squeezing when the input fields are coherent ones and the atomic ensemble exhibits a large non-linearity; on the other hand squeezing transfer when one of the incoming fields is squeezed.

Published
2002

12. Noise characteristics of oxide-confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

Author

Vincent Josse, Karl Joachim Ebeling, Antonio Z. Khoury, Alberto Bramati, J.-P. Hermier, Elisabeth Giacobino, P. Schnitzer, and Rainer Michalzik

Subjects
Quantum optics, Materials science, business.industry, Shot noise, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, Polarization (waves), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser, law.invention, Semiconductor laser theory, Transverse mode, Optics, law, Optoelectronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Squeezed coherent state
Abstract

We demonstrate the possibility of generating intensity squeezed light with free-running or injected multimode vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser. Sub-shot-noise operation results from very strong anticorrelations between the transverse modes. The influence of the active media diameter on the amount of squeezing is analyzed.

Published
2001

13. Coherent Backscattering of Ultracold Atoms

Author

Aditya Date, Vincent Josse, Kilian Müller, Jérémie Richard, Thomas Plisson, Alain Aspect, Fred Jendrzejewski, Philippe Bouyer, Laboratoire Charles Fabry / Optique atomique, Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS), lp2n-02,lp2n-11, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences (LP2N), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Project, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Anderson localization, Matter waves, [PHYS.COND.GAS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Quantum Gases [cond-mat.quant-gas], Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Coherent backscattering, Localization effects (Anderson or weak localization), 01 natural sciences, Wave propagation in random media, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Physics - Atomic Physics, Ultracold atom, 03.75.-b, 67.85.-d, 05.60.Gg, 42.25.Dd, 72.15.Rn, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.COND.CM-DS-NN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Disordered Systems and Neural Networks [cond-mat.dis-nn], Physics::Atomic Physics, 010306 general physics, Ultracold gases, Physics, Elastic scattering, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], Scattering, Time evolution, Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn), Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, trapped gases, Weak localization, Quantum transport, Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Matter wave, Atomic physics, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases
Abstract

We report on the direct observation of coherent backscattering (CBS) of ultracold atoms, in a quasi-two-dimensional configuration. Launching atoms with a well-defined momentum in a laser speckle disordered potential, we follow the progressive build up of the momentum scattering pattern, consisting of a ring associated with multiple elastic scattering, and the CBS peak in the backward direction. Monitoring the depletion of the initial momentum component and the formation of the angular ring profile allows us to determine microscopic transport quantities. The time resolved evolution of the CBS peak is studied and is found a fair agreement with predictions, at long times as well as at short times. The observation of CBS can be considered a direct signature of coherence in quantum transport of particles in disordered media. It is responsible for the so called weak localization phenomenon, which is the precursor of Anderson localization., 5 pages, 4 figures

Published
2012

14. Three-dimensional localization of ultracold atoms in an optical disordered potential

Author

Fred Jendrzejewski, Laurent Sanchez-Palencia, Marie Piraud, Alain Bernard, Patrick Cheinet, Vincent Josse, Luca Pezzè, Kilian Müller, Alain Aspect, Philippe Bouyer, Laboratoire Charles Fabry / Optique atomique, Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS), lp2n-02,lp2n-11, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences (LP2N), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Project: 256294,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2010-StG_20091028,ALOGLADIS(2011), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Anderson localization, Gravity (chemistry), Energy distribution, Condensed matter physics, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Percolation threshold, Trapping, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter, Ultracold atom, Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), [PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other], 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
Abstract

We report a study of three-dimensional (3D) localization of ultracold atoms suspended against gravity, and released in a 3D optical disordered potential with short correlation lengths in all directions. We observe density profiles composed of a steady localized part and a diffusive part. Our observations are compatible with the self-consistent theory of Anderson localization, taking into account the specific features of the experiment, and in particular the broad energy distribution of the atoms placed in the disordered potential. The localization we observe cannot be interpreted as trapping of particles with energy below the classical percolation threshold., published in Nature Physics; The present version is the initial manuscript (unchanged compared to version 1); The published version is available online at http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nphys2256.html

Published
2011

15. Application of lasers to ultracold atoms and molecules

Author

Daniel Comparat, Frédéric Chevy, Bruno Laburthe Tolra, Franck Pereira Dos Santos, Hélène Perrin, Pierre Lemonde, Vincent Josse, BEC, Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers (LPL), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Francilien de Recherche sur les Atomes Froids (IFRAF), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques (LPTMS), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Aimé Cotton (LAC), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB [Collège de France]), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers (LPL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Lhomond)), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Jussieu)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques (LPTMS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Lhomond)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Francilien de Recherche sur les Atomes Froids (IFRAF), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique (LCFIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), GQD, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Lhomond)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Aimé Cotton (LAC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan), Condensat de Bose-Einstein, Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB [Collège de France]), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers (LPL), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Laboratoire Aimé Cotton (LAC), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques (LPTMS), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Lhomond)), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Laboratoire Aimé Cotton (LAC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Atom interferometer, [PHYS.COND.GAS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Quantum Gases [cond-mat.quant-gas], FOS: Physical sciences, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, laser cooling, law, Laser cooling, 0103 physical sciences, Atom, Molecule, Physics::Atomic Physics, 010306 general physics, Physics, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, molecule, Condensed Matter::Other, atom, Atoms in molecules, General Engineering, interferometry, Laser, Metrology, laser, Interferometry, clock, metrology, Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Atomic physics, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, ultracold
Abstract

In this review, we discuss the impact of the development of lasers on ultracold atoms and molecules and their applications. After a brief historical review of laser cooling and Bose-Einstein condensation, we present important applications of ultra cold atoms, including time and frequency metrology, atom interferometry and inertial sensors, atom lasers, simulation of condensed matter systems, production and study of strongly correlated systems, and production of ultracold molecules., Comment: Review paper written in the name of IFRAF to celebrate 50 years of lasers and their applications to cold atom physics; 15 pages, 2 figures; to appear in Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Paris

Published
2011

16. Anderson localization of matter waves in speckle potentials

Author

Pierre Lugan, Juliette Billy, Vincent Josse, Zhanchun Zuo, Alain Bernard, Patrick Cheinet, David Clément, Philippe Bouyer, Alain Aspect, Laurent Sanchez-Palencia, Dominique Delande, Benoît Grémaud, Müller, Cord A., Christian MINIATURA, Physikalisches Institut [Freiburg], Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique / Optique atomique, Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique (LCFIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Jussieu)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre for Quantum Technologies [Singapore] (CQT), National University of Singapore (NUS), Image & Pervasive Access Lab (IPAL), Institute for Infocomm Research - I²R [Singapore]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Agency for science, technology and research [Singapore] (A*STAR)-MATHEMATIQUES, SCIENCES ET TECHNOLOGIES DE L'INFORMATION ET DE LA COMMUNICATION (UJF)-National University of Singapore (NUS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut Non Linéaire de Nice Sophia-Antipolis (INLN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-National University of Singapore (NUS)-Agency for science, technology and research [Singapore] (A*STAR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institute for Infocomm Research - I²R [Singapore], and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)

Subjects
[PHYS.COND.GAS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Quantum Gases [cond-mat.quant-gas], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2010

17. ANDERSON LOCALIZATION OF MATTER-WAVES IN A CONTROLLED DISORDER: A QUANTUM SIMULATOR?

Author

David Clément, Patrick Cheinet, Zhanchun Zuo, Alain Bernard, Pierre Lugan, Alain Aspect, Juliette Billy, Laurent Sanchez-Palencia, Philippe Bouyer, Vincent Josse, laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique / Optique atomique, Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique (LCFIO), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
Physics, Anderson localization, [PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other], Quantum mechanics, Quantum simulator, Matter wave
Abstract

conference; actes; International audience

Published
2010

18. Quasicontinuous horizontally guided atom laser: coupling spectrum and flux limits

Author

Vincent Josse, Fred Jendrzejewski, Alain Bernard, Patrick Cheinet, Juliette Billy, Philippe Bouyer, William Guerin, Alain Aspect, laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique / Optique atomique, Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique (LCFIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), lp2n-02,lp2n-11, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences (LP2N), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Work (thermodynamics), [PHYS.COND.GAS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Quantum Gases [cond-mat.quant-gas], General Physics and Astronomy, Flux, Physics::Optics, FOS: Physical sciences, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic Physics, 010306 general physics, Coupling, Physics, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Range (particle radiation), 03.75.Pp, 39.20.+q, 42.60.Jf,41.85.Ew, Spectrum (functional analysis), Laser, Atom laser, Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Radio frequency, Atomic physics, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases
Abstract

International audience; We study in detail the flux properties of a radiofrequency outcoupled horizontally guided atom laser, following the scheme demonstrated in [Guerin W et al. 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 200402]. Both the outcoupling spectrum (flux of the atom laser versus rf frequency of the outcoupler) and the flux limitations imposed to operate in the quasicontinuous regime are investigated. These aspects are studied using a quasi-1D model, whose predictions are shown to be in fair agreement with the experimental observations. This work allows us to identify the operating range of the guided atom laser and to confirm its good promises in view of studying quantum transport phenomena.

Published
2010
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19. ANDERSON LOCALIZATION OF MATTER WAVES

Author

Ben Hambrecht, David Clément, Pierre Lugan, Philippe Bouyer, Alain Bernard, Vincent Josse, Alain Aspect, Juliette Billy, Laurent Sanchez-Palencia, and Zhanchun Zuo

Subjects
Physics, Anderson localization, law, Quantum mechanics, Matter wave, Bose–Einstein condensate, law.invention
Published
2009

20. Simualtions and experiments on polarization squeezing in optical fiber

Author

Ulrik L. Andersen, Peter D. Drummond, Gerd Leuchs, Ruifang Dong, Joel F. Corney, Joel Heersink, Vincent Josse, ARC Centre of Excellence for Quantum-Atom Optics, School of Physical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia, Institüt für Optik, Information und Photonik, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Physics, and Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU)

Subjects
Optical fiber, Phonon, NONLINEAR INTERFEROMETER, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Optics, PHOTONIC CRYSTAL FIBERS, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, law.invention, 010309 optics, symbols.namesake, SELF-FREQUENCY SHIFT, law, Brillouin scattering, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Physics, Quantum Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Condensed matter physics, Quantum noise, Acoustic wave, QUANTUM-NOISE, Polarization (waves), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, PULSES, LIGHT, STATES, symbols, SOLITONS, SUPERFLUORESCENCE, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Raman scattering, GENERATION, Photonic-crystal fiber
Abstract

We investigate polarisation squeezing of ultrashort pulses in optical fibre, over a wide range of input energies and fibre lengths. Comparisons are made between experimental data and quantum dynamical simulations, to find good quantitative agreement. The numerical calculations, performed using both truncated Wigner and exact $+P$ phase-space methods, include nonlinear and stochastic Raman effects, through coupling to phonons variables. The simulations reveal that excess phase noise, such as from depolarising GAWBS, affects squeezing at low input energies, while Raman effects cause a marked deterioration of squeezing at higher energies and longer fibre lengths. The optimum fibre length for maximum squeezing is also calculated., Comment: 19 pages, lots of figures

Published
2008

21. A New Generation of OPM for High Dynamic and Large Bandwidth MEG: The 4He OPMs—First Applications in Healthy Volunteers

Author

Tjerk P. Gutteling, Mathilde Bonnefond, Tommy Clausner, Sébastien Daligault, Rudy Romain, Sergey Mitryukovskiy, William Fourcault, Vincent Josselin, Matthieu Le Prado, Agustin Palacios-Laloy, Etienne Labyt, Julien Jung, and Denis Schwartz

Subjects
OPM, MEG, SQUID, brain activity, atomic magnetometer, helium OPM, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract

MagnetoEncephaloGraphy (MEG) provides a measure of electrical activity in the brain at a millisecond time scale. From these signals, one can non-invasively derive the dynamics of brain activity. Conventional MEG systems (SQUID-MEG) use very low temperatures to achieve the necessary sensitivity. This leads to severe experimental and economical limitations. A new generation of MEG sensors is emerging: the optically pumped magnetometers (OPM). In OPM, an atomic gas enclosed in a glass cell is traversed by a laser beam whose modulation depends on the local magnetic field. MAG4Health is developing OPMs using Helium gas (4He-OPM). They operate at room temperature with a large dynamic range and a large frequency bandwidth and output natively a 3D vectorial measure of the magnetic field. In this study, five 4He-OPMs were compared to a classical SQUID-MEG system in a group of 18 volunteers to evaluate their experimental performances. Considering that the 4He-OPMs operate at real room temperature and can be placed directly on the head, our assumption was that 4He-OPMs would provide a reliable recording of physiological magnetic brain activity. Indeed, the results showed that the 4He-OPMs showed very similar results to the classical SQUID-MEG system by taking advantage of a shorter distance to the brain, despite having a lower sensitivity.

Published
2023
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23. Storage of Quantum Variables in Atomic Media

Author

J Cviklinski, Elisabeth Giacobino, J Ortalo, Vincent Josse, A Dantan, Alberto Bramati, and M Pinard

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Physics, Quantum optics, Open quantum system, Quantum state, Quantum sensor, Physics::Atomic Physics, Nonclassical light, Quantum imaging, Quantum information, Atomic physics, Ground state
Abstract

Storage and read-out of non classical states of light is a critical element for quantum information networks. Simultaneous storage of two non-commuting variables carried by light and subsequent read-out is shown to be possible in atomic ensembles. Interaction of light fields with three-level systems allows direct mapping the quantum state of light into long lived coherences in the atomic ground state. We show that excess noise linked to atomic transitions can be made negligible. Experimental developments are discussed for atomic vapours and cold atoms.

Published
2007

24. Guided atom laser : a new tool for guided atom optics

Author

Juliette Billy, William Guerin, Vincent Josse, Zhanchun Zuo, Philippe Bouyer, Alain Aspect, laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique / Optique atomique, Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique (LCFIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut Non Linéaire de Nice Sophia-Antipolis (INLN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Measure (physics), General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Optics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Acceleration, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Atom, Physics::Atomic Physics, 010306 general physics, Physics, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, business.industry, Condensed Matter::Other, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter, Atom laser, Wavelength, [PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other], Atom optics, Radio frequency, Atomic physics, business, Beam (structure), Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
Abstract

We present a guided atom laser. A Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is created in a crossed hybrid magnetic and an elongated optical trap, which acts as a matterwave guide. Atoms are extracted from the BEC by radio frequency (rf) outcoupling and then guided in the horizontal optical matterwave guide. This method allows to control the acceleration of the beam and to achieve large de Broglie wavelength. We also measure the longitudinal energy of the guided atom laser using atom optical elements based on a blue light barrier.

Published
2007

25. Many-body quantum dynamics of polarization squeezing in optical fibers

Author

Peter D. Drummond, Gerd Leuchs, Ulrik L. Andersen, Joel F. Corney, Joel Heersink, and Vincent Josse

Subjects
Physics, Quantum Physics, Optical fiber, Bose gas, business.industry, Quantum dynamics, Quantum noise, Physics::Optics, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Polarization (waves), law.invention, law, Quantum mechanics, Dissipative system, Photonics, business, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Quantum
Abstract

We report new experiments that test quantum dynamical predictions of polarization squeezing for ultrashort photonic pulses in a birefringent fibre, including all relevant dissipative effects. This exponentially complex many-body problem is solved by means of a stochastic phase-space method. The squeezing is calculated and compared to experimental data, resulting in excellent quantitative agreement. From the simulations, we identify the physical limits to quantum noise reduction in optical fibres. The research represents a significant experimental test of first-principles time-domain quantum dynamics in a one-dimensional interacting Bose gas coupled to dissipative reservoirs., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures

Published
2006

26. Universal optical amplification without nonlinearity

Author

Metin Sabuncu, Ulrik L. Andersen, Nicolas J. Cerf, Vincent Josse, and Gerd Leuchs

Subjects
Physics, Quantum Physics, Field (physics), Amplifier, Quantum noise, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Signal field, Nonlinear system, Linear optics, Homodyne detection, Electronic engineering, Quantum information, Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
Abstract

We propose and experimentally realize a new scheme for universal phase-insensitive optical amplification. The presented scheme relies only on linear optics and homodyne detection, thus circumventing the need for nonlinear interaction between a pump field and the signal field. The amplifier demonstrates near optimal quantum noise limited performance for a wide range of amplification factors., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures

Published
2006

27. Universal optical amplification without a nonlinearity

Author

Metin Sabuncu, Gerd Leuchs, Nicolas J. Cerf, Ulrik L. Andersen, and Vincent Josse

Subjects
Optical amplifier, Physics, Quantum optics, Nonlinear system, Quantum amplifier, Optics, business.industry, Amplifier, Quantum limit, Phase (waves), Optoelectronics, business, Noise (electronics)
Abstract

We propose and realize a novel universal phase insensitive optical amplifier operating at the quantum limit in the low gain regime. The amplifier consists only of linear optics and detectors thus circumventing a nonlinear interaction.

Published
2006

28. Guided Quasicontinuous Atom Laser

Author

Jean-Félix Riou, Vincent Josse, John Gaebler, William Guerin, Alain Aspect, Philippe Bouyer, laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique / Optique atomique, Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique (LCFIO), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
Photon, Optical fiber, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), General Physics and Astronomy, Physics::Optics, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Physics - Atomic Physics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Semiconductor laser theory, law.invention, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic Physics, 010306 general physics, Physics, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], business.industry, Condensed Matter::Other, Laser, Transverse mode, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter, Atom laser, [PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other], Matter wave, business, Waveguide, Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
Abstract

We report the first realization of a guided quasicontinuous atom laser by rf outcoupling a Bose-Einstein condensate from a hybrid optomagnetic trap into a horizontal atomic waveguide. This configuration allows us to cancel the acceleration due to gravity and keep the de Broglie wavelength constant at 0.5 $\mu$m during 0.1 s of propagation. We also show that our configuration, equivalent to pigtailing an optical fiber to a (photon) semiconductor laser, ensures an intrinsically good transverse mode matching., Comment: version published in Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 200402 (2006)

Published
2006
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29. Efficient polarization squeezing as a resource for quantum communication

Author

Gerd Leuchs, Ulrik L. Andersen, J. Heersink, and Vincent Josse

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Quantum optics, Physics, Kerr effect, business.industry, Physics::Optics, Nonlinear optics, Polarization-maintaining optical fiber, Quantum Physics, Polarization (waves), Graded-index fiber, Waveplate, Optics, Fiber optic splitter, Optoelectronics, business
Abstract

We report on a novel and efficient source of polarization squeezing using a single pass through an optical fiber. Simply passing this Kerr squeezed beam through a carefully aligned /spl lambda//2 waveplate and splitting it on a polarization beam splitter, we find polarization squeezing of up to 5.1/spl plusmn/0.3 dB. The experimental setup allows for the direct measurement of the squeezing angle.

Published
2005

30. Beam quality of a nonideal atom laser

Author

M. Fauquembergue, Y. Le Coq, Philippe Bouyer, Alain Aspect, William Guerin, Vincent Josse, J.-F. Riou, laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique / Optique atomique, Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique (LCFIO), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
Photon, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Optics, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, WKB approximation, ABCD matrices, Physics - Atomic Physics, law.invention, 010309 optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic Physics, 010306 general physics, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], Condensed Matter::Other, interactions, Laser, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter, Atom laser, Formalism (philosophy of mathematics), Transverse plane, atom laser, Fresnel-Kirshhoff, [PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other], Quantum electrodynamics, Laser beam quality, Atomic physics, pacs: 03.75.Pp, 39.20.+q, 42.60.Jf,41.85.Ew, M2 factor, Bose–Einstein condensate, Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
Abstract

International audience; We study the propagation of a non-interacting atom laser distorted by the strong lensing effect of the Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) from which it is outcoupled. We observe a transverse structure containing caustics that vary with the density within the residing BEC. Using WKB approximation, Fresnel-Kirchhoff integral formalism and ABCD matrices, we are able to describe analytically the atom laser propagation. This allows us to characterize the quality of the non-ideal atom laser beam by a generalized M$^2$ factor defined in analogy to photon lasers. Finally we measure this quality factor for different lensing effects.

Published
2005

31. Unconditional Quantum Cloning of Coherent States with Linear Optics

Author

Vincent Josse, Gerd Leuchs, and Ulrik L. Andersen

Subjects
Physics, Quantum Physics, Cloning (programming), Gaussian, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Spectral density, Topology, symbols.namesake, Homodyne detection, Quantum mechanics, symbols, Coherent states, Quantum cloning, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Quantum information science, Realization (systems)
Abstract

A scheme for optimal Gaussian cloning of optical coherent states is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Its optical realization is based entirely on simple linear optical elements and homodyne detection. The optimality of the presented scheme is only limited by detection inefficiencies. Experimentally we achieved a cloning fidelity of about 65%, which almost touches the optimal value of 2/3., Comment: Phys. Rev. Lett. Volume 94, Number 24, p. 240503

Published
2005

32. Experimental purification of coherent states

Author

Vincent Josse, Gerd Leuchs, Radim Filip, Ulrik L. Andersen, and Jaromír Fiurášek

Subjects
Physics, Quantum Physics, Gaussian, Vacuum state, FOS: Physical sciences, Quantum entanglement, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Rendering (computer graphics), symbols.namesake, Quantum error correction, symbols, Coherent states, Quantum information science, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Algorithm, Entanglement distillation, Computer Science::Cryptography and Security
Abstract

We propose a scheme for optimal Gaussian purification of coherent states from several imperfect copies. The proposal is experimentally demonstrated for the case of two copies of a coherent state sent through independent noisy channels. Our purification protocol relies on only linear optics and an ancilla vacuum state, rendering this approach an interesting alternative to the more complex protocols of entanglement distillation and quantum error correction.

Published
2005
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33. Continuous variable squeezing and entanglement with cold atoms

Author

Aurélien Dantan, Vincent Josse, Michel Pinard, L. Vernac, Elisabeth Giacobino, and Alberto Bramati

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Quantum optics, Physics, Optical polarization, Quantum Physics, Quantum entanglement, Squashed entanglement, Polarization (waves), Continuous variable, Quantum mechanics, Laser cooling, Atom optics, Physics::Atomic Physics, Atomic physics
Abstract

We report on continuous variable polarization squeezing and entanglement generated using the interaction with cold atoms in cavity. Both quadrature and polarization entanglement are demonstrated using the inseparability criterion and the entanglement of formation

Published
2004

34. Continuous variable entanglement using cold atoms

Author

Michel Pinard, Alberto Bramati, Elisabeth Giacobino, Aurélien Dantan, Vincent Josse, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Jussieu)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Quantum Physics, Linear polarization, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Quantum entanglement, Polarization (waves), 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Continuous variable, Nonlinear system, Finesse, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], law, Quantum mechanics, Optical cavity, 0103 physical sciences, 42.50.Dv, 42.50.Ct, 03.67.Hk, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), 010306 general physics
Abstract

We present experimental demonstration of quadrature and polarization entanglement generated via the interaction between a coherent linearly polarized field and cold atoms in a high finesse optical cavity. The non linear atom-field interaction produces two squeezed modes with orthogonal polarizations which are used to generate a pair of non separable beams, the entanglement of which is demonstrated by checking the inseparability criterion for continuous variables recently derived by Duan et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 2722 (2000)] and calculating the entanglement of formation [Giedke et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 107901 (2003)].

Published
2003

35. Atomic spin squeezing in aΛsystem

Author

N. Nayak, Aurélien Dantan, Michel Pinard, Paul R. Berman, and Vincent Josse

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Electromagnetic field, Physics, Quantum Physics, Lambda, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, law, Optical cavity, Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, Coherent states, 010306 general physics, Ground state, Spin (physics), Eigenvalues and eigenvectors, Squeezed coherent state
Abstract

Using a quantum theory for an ensemble of three-level atoms $(\ensuremath{\Lambda})$ placed in an optical cavity and driven by electromagnetic fields, we show that the long-lived spin associated with the ground-state sublevels can be squeezed. Two kinds of squeezing are obtained: self-spin squeezing, when the input fields are coherent states and the atomic ensemble exhibits a large nonlinearity; squeezing transfer approaching 100%, when one of the incoming fields is squeezed.

Published
2003

36. Polarization squeezing in a four-level system

Author

Aurélien Dantan, Elisabeth Giacobino, Vincent Josse, Alberto Bramati, Michel Pinard, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Jussieu)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), arXiv, Import, Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Quantum Physics, Kerr effect, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Linear polarization, FOS: Physical sciences, Polarization (waves), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, [PHYS] Physics [physics], law.invention, Mean field theory, law, Optical cavity, Atomic physics, Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
Abstract

We present a theoretical study of an ensemble of X-like 4-level atoms placed in an optical cavity driven by a linearly polarized field. We show that the self-rotation (SR) process leads to polarization switching (PS). Below the PS threshold, both the mean field mode and the orthogonal vacuum mode are squeezed. We provide a simple analysis of the phenomena responsible for the squeezing and trace the origin of vacuum squeezing not to SR, but to crossed Kerr effect induced by the mean field. Last, we show that this vacuum squeezing can be interpreted as polarization squeezing., 21 pages, 10 figures, submitted to J. Opt. B for Special Issue on Quantum Optics and Quantum Entanglement (IQEC 2002)

Published
2003

37. Polarization squeezing with cold atoms

Author

Laurent Vernac, Alberto Bramati, Vincent Josse, Michel Pinard, Elisabeth Giacobino, Aurélien Dantan, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Jussieu)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Local oscillator, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Optics, General Physics and Astronomy, Polarization squeezing, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Finesse, symbols.namesake, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], law, 0103 physical sciences, Stokes parameters, Physics::Atomic Physics, 010306 general physics, Quantum information science, Quantum fluctuation, Physics, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Quantum Physics, Linear polarization, quantum fluctuations, cold atoms, Polarization (waves), 42.50.Dv, 42.50.Lc, 03.67.Hk, Optical cavity, symbols, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Atomic physics, Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
Abstract

We study the interaction of a nearly resonant linearly polarized laser beam with a cloud of cold cesium atoms in a high finesse optical cavity. We show theoretically and experimentally that the cross-Kerr effect due to the saturation of the optical transition produces quadrature squeezing on both the mean field and the orthogonally polarized vacuum mode. An interpretation of this vacuum squeezing as polarization squeezing is given and a method for measuring quantum Stokes parameters for weak beams via a local oscillator is developed.

Published
2003

38. Polarisation squeezing and EPR correlations with cold atoms

Author

Elisabeth Giacobino, L. Vernac, Aurélien Dantan, M. Pinard, Alberto Bramati, and Vincent Josse

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Materials science, Physics::Optics, chemistry.chemical_element, Optical polarization, Quantum Physics, law.invention, symbols.namesake, chemistry, law, Caesium, Optical cavity, Laser cooling, symbols, Atom optics, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Physics::Atomic Physics, EPR paradox, Atomic physics, Electron paramagnetic resonance, Laser beams
Abstract

The paper reports on the generation of polarisation squeezing and nonseparable beams via the interaction of a nearly resonant linearly polarised laser beam with a cloud of cesium atoms in an optical cavity.

Published
2003

39. Entanglement and squeezing in a two-mode system: theory and experiment

Author

Vincent Josse, Elisabeth Giacobino, Alberto Bramati, Aurélien Dantan, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Jussieu)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), squeezing, polarization entanglement, FOS: Physical sciences, Quantum entanglement, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Separable space, Continuous variable, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], law, Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, continuous variable, Physics, Quantum Physics, Linear polarization, 16. Peace & justice, Polarization (waves), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Direct-conversion receiver, Optical cavity, entanglement, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), 42.50.Lc, 42.65.Pc, 42.50.Dv, Beam (structure)
Abstract

We report on the generation of non separable beams produced via the interaction of a linearly polarized beam with a cloud of cold cesium atoms placed in an optical cavity. We convert the squeezing of the two linear polarization modes into quadrature entanglement and show how to find out the best entanglement generated in a two-mode system using the inseparability criterion for continuous variable [Duan et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 2722 (2000)]. We verify this method experimentally with a direct measurement of the inseparability using two homodyne detections. We then map this entanglement into a polarization basis and achieve polarization entanglement., Comment: submitted to J. Opt. B for a Special Issue on Foundations of Quantum Optics

Published
2003
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40. Specular Reflection of Matter Waves from a Rough Mirror

Author

Nathalie Westbrook, Vincent Josse, Christoph I Westbrook, David Stevens, Jérôme Estève, Alain Aspect, V. Savalli, P. D. Featonby, laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique / Optique atomique, Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique (LCFIO), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
Physics, Total internal reflection, Backscatter, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), business.industry, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Optics, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, Physics - Atomic Physics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Optics, Specularity, 0103 physical sciences, Reflection (physics), Physics::Atomic Physics, Specular reflection, Diffuse reflection, Matter wave, Reflection coefficient, 010306 general physics, business, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft], Physics - Optics, Optics (physics.optics)
Abstract

We have made a high resolution study of the specularity of the atomic reflection from an evanescent wave mirror using velocity selective Raman transitions. We have observed a double structure in the velocity distribution after reflection: a peak consistent with specular reflection and a diffuse reflection pedestal, whose contribution decreases rapidly with increasing detuning. The diffuse reflection is due to two distinct effects: spontaneous emission in the evanescent wave and a roughness in the evanescent wave potential whose amplitude is smaller than the de Broglie wavelength of the reflected atoms., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters

Published
2002

41. Bouncing atoms: A coherent nano-probe

Author

Alain Aspect, David Stevens, Laurent Cognet, Vincent Josse, Christoph I Westbrook, Nathalie Westbrook, P. D. Featonby, and V. Savalli

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Photon, Zeeman effect, Chemistry, symbols.namesake, Interferometry, Nano, Atom, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, symbols, Surface roughness, Physics::Atomic Physics, van der Waals force, Atomic physics, Raman scattering
Abstract

We describe experiments with atoms reflecting from atomic mirrors. We show that the Zeeman structure of the atoms permits the realization of an nano scale interferometer which can be used to probe the van der Waals interaction between an atom an a dielectric surface. We also discuss preliminary results on an experiment to observe sub-angstrom surface roughness using stimulated Raman transitions to achieve velocity selection of 0.3 times the single photon recoil velocity. This resolution corresponds to a 1.5 mrad maximum deviation in the effective reflecting surface.

Published
2001

42. High-resolution roughness measurements using cold atom reflection

Author

Alain Aspect, Christoph I Westbrook, Nathalie Westbrook, D. Stevens, V. Savalli, Vincent Josse, P. D. Featonby, and Laurent Cognet

Subjects
Diffraction, Materials science, Physics::Optics, symbols.namesake, Ultracold atom, Laser cooling, Reflection (physics), symbols, Surface roughness, Physics::Atomic Physics, Specular reflection, Matter wave, Atomic physics, Raman spectroscopy
Abstract

Evanescent wave atomic mirrors have been shown to be very sensitive to the surface roughness of the glass substrate on which the evanescent wave is formed. Non-specular reflection of slow atoms at normal incidence has been observed for surface roughness as low as 0.1 nm. We interpret this behaviour in terms of diffraction of the atomic De Broglie wave on the modulated potential created by the interference of the evanescent wave with light scattered by the rough surface. However these experiments could not separate the specular peak of reflected atoms from the diffuse part. We have developed a new method to measure the velocity distribution of the atoms after the bounce with a much better resolution, using Raman transitions. Two phase locked counterpropagating laser beams induce a Raman transition between the ground state hyperfine levels of the /sup 85/Rb atoms falling from a magneto-optical trap. The resonance condition is only fulfilled for atoms with a transverse velocity controlled by the interaction time between the atoms and the beams. These velocity selected atoms bounce on the mirror and their velocity distribution after reflection can be measured using the same Raman beams, by scanning their difference in frequency.

Published
2000

43. Mode transverse d'un laser à atomes

Author

P. Bouyer, Alain Aspect, William Guerin, J.-F. Riou, M. Fauquembergue, Y. Le Coq, and Vincent Josse

Subjects
General Physics and Astronomy
Abstract

Nous realisons a partir d'un condensat de Bose-Einstein un laser a atomes quasi-continu par application d'un coupleur radiofrequence. La tres forte densite du condensat source rend les interactions entre celui-ci et le laser extremement importantes, modifiant considerablement la structure transverse du faisceau. Comme en optique photonique, nous caracterisons les faisceaux ainsi produits par un facteur de qualite M 2 .

Published
2006

44. Réduction des fluctuations quantiques atomiques

Author

Vincent Josse, L. Vernac, Paul R. Berman, Elisabeth Giacobino, Michel Pinard, and A. Dantan

Subjects
General Physics and Astronomy
Abstract

Nous proposons plusieurs schemas pour reduire les fluctuations quantiques d'un ensemble d'atomes en utilisant l'interaction avec des champs en cavite.

Published
2004

45. Refroidissement sympathique et doubles condensats de Bose-Einstein

Author

Alain Aspect, Vincent Boyer, Vincent Josse, G. Delannoy, Stuart G. Murdoch, and P. Bouyer

Subjects
General Physics and Astronomy
Abstract

Nous montrons experimentalement et theoriquement que le refroidissement sympathique d'atomes de Rubidium 87 dans l'etat (F = 2, m F = +2) par des atomes dans l'etat (F = 1, m F =-1) refroidis par evaporation peut etre controle precisement afin de condenser les deux etats dans l'ordre voulu. Nous etudions aussi le temps de thermalisation entre deux especes. Notre modele rend compte quantitativement du role du recouvrement des deux nuages et predit que le refroidissement est inefficace quand les masses des deux especes sont trop differentes. Nous obtenons de plus une expression analytique du taux de thermalisation d'une espece unique.

Published
2002

46. Fluctuations quantiques atomiques et électromagnétiques

Author

L. Vernac, Vincent Josse, Michel Pinard, and Elisabeth Giacobino

Subjects
General Physics and Astronomy
Abstract

Nous etudions les fluctuations quantiques de champs electromagnetiques et d'atomes interagissant dans une cavite de grande finesse. Les calculs theoriques prevoient une reduction du bruit atomique. Il est egalement possible de reduire les fluctuations du spin associe a la coherence entre etats excites. Nous nous proposons de demontrer ces reductions de bruit a l'aide du bruit de polarisation d'une sonde resonante. Nous avons tout d'abord observe la compression du bruit de polarisation de la pompe sous la limite quantique standard de l'ordre de 13%. Un modele theorique est developpe pour rendre compte des phenomenes.

Published
2002

47. Efficient polarization squeezing in optical fibers

Author

Gerd Leuchs, Vincent Josse, Ulrik L. Andersen, and J. Heersink

Subjects
Physics, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Single pass, Quantum Physics, Materials science, Optical fiber, Noise measurement, business.industry, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Optics, Polarization-maintaining optical fiber, Lambda, Polarization (waves), Waveplate, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, Continuous variable, Optics, law, Fiber laser, Phase noise, Polarization beam splitter, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), business
Abstract

We report on a novel and efficient source of polarization squeezing using a single pass through an optical fiber. Simply passing this Kerr squeezed beam through a carefully aligned lambda/2 waveplate and splitting it on a polarization beam splitter, we find polarization squeezing of up to 5.1 +/- 0.3 dB. The experimental setup allows for the direct measurement of the squeezing angle., 4 pages, 4 figures

48. Understanding the production of dual Bose-Einstein condensation with sympathetic cooling

Author

Alain Aspect, Vincent Boyer, G. Delannoy, Stuart G. Murdoch, Vincent Josse, and Philippe Bouyer

Subjects
Physics, Sympathetic cooling, Trapping, State (functional analysis), 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Thermalisation, Single species, law, 0103 physical sciences, Production (computer science), Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Bose–Einstein condensate
Abstract

We show, both experimentally and theoretically, that sympathetic cooling of $^{87}$Rb atoms in the $|F=2,m_F=2>$ state by evaporatively cooled atoms in the $|F=1,m_F=-1>$ state can be precisely controlled to produce dual or single condensate in either state. We also study the thermalization rate between two species. Our model renders a quantitative account of the observed role of the overlap between the two clouds and points out that sympathetic cooling becomes inefficient when the masses are very different. Our calculation also yields an analytical expression of the thermalization rate for a single species.

50. Future inertial atomic quantum sensors: State of art

Author

Thijs Wendrich, M. Zaiser, Guglielmo M. Tino, Marco Prevedelli, Timo D. Müller, Achim Peters, A. Senger, A. Gauguet, Pierre Lugan, J.-L. Le Gouët, Philippe Bouyer, T. Mehlstauble, Jean-Philippe Brantut, M. Schmidt, F. Pereira Dos Santos, M. de Angelis, Felice Sorrentino, Arnaud Landragin, François Impens, Robert A. Nyman, Evgeny Kovalchuk, Ernst M. Rasel, Vincent Josse, Wolfgang Ertmer, and Antonio Giorgini

Subjects
Quantum optics, Physics, Atom interferometer, Inertial frame of reference, business.industry, Gravimeter, Quantum sensor, Gyroscope, Accelerometer, law.invention, Interferometry, Optics, law, Aerospace engineering, business
Abstract

Summary form only given. A collaboration between European research groups is developing novel atomic inertial quantum sensors based on matter-wave optics and Raman interferometry. For this purpose we are implementing a gravimeter and a gyroscope using ultra cold atoms as test masses. Inertial quantum sensors could represent a new tool for the precise detection of faint forces and tiny rotations. According to the principle of these sensors, the measured physical quantity will be converted into a frequency, which can be measured with highest accuracy. The items of atom interferometry will range from fundamental physical tests to many practical applications such as: local gravity measurements, allowing a precise underground mapping, and space navigation. In this contest the main goal is to realize modular and portable systems.

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