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A convenient and practical route is reported for the denitrosation of aryl-N-nitrosamines under mild reaction conditions using ethanethiol and PTSA. The reactions proceeds at room temperature and the amines are obtained in good to excellent yields. Many functional groups that are susceptible to reduction were stable during the denitrosation. A broad substrate scope and easy operations are salient features of this method.

During Rabi 2018-19, an Inceptisol field test was conducted at the Agriculture Research Farm at Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, using STCR technique, from which fertiliser recommendation equations for oat (Avena sativa L.) may be developed. Soil test results, oat fresh forage yield and NPK uptake by oat crop were used to attain four essential basic parameters, i.e., nutrients required to produce one quintal of fresh forage (NR), fertilizer contribution of nutrients (% CF), soil nutrient contribution (% CS) and organic matter contribution from FYM (CFYM). A quintal of fresh forage required 0.26, 0.04, and 0.30 Kg of N, P2O5 and K2O, respectively. Soil Nutrient Contribution Proportions (CS%): 35.81, 48.44, and 64.87 N, P2O5, and K2O, respectively. N, P2O5, and K2O percent added through fertilizer alone (CF %) and FYM alone (CFYM) were 59.17, 47.38, and 115.25; 24.19, 5.82, and 2.33, respectively. The ready reckoner doses of fertilizer were emphasized on these specific criteria for various soil test values and required to make recommendations for fresh forage oat yields for NPK alone and NPK + FYM.

A neurological disorder called Epilepsy which causes the sudden occurrence of epileptic seizures. The electroencephalogram (EEG) is the recorded electrical activities of the brain to examine the epileptic patient through EEG pattern for diagnosis. Epileptic seizure is one of the abnormality or brain disorder in which seizure patterns shows large spikes for specific time domain or area. This work mainly focused on detecting the Epileptic seizures or Epilepsy through the extracted feature like Higuchi Fractal Dimension (HFD) and Masking and Check-in based feature extraction technique (MCFET). Three scaling features of HFD viz. fractal dimension, the standard deviation of fractal dimension and scaling factor while twenty masking and check-in-based features of the upper and the lower envelope along with ten features of the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) coefficients (Table 1) from raw EEG signals are required as input to the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for classifications. The overall performance is improved in terms of Accuracy, Sensitivity, Specificity through both HFD and MCFET features. Further, the overall accuracy using HFD and MCFET based feature extraction technique around 98% with a bit of computational time of about 1 second by reducing the training percent from 80% to 60%.

A formal synthesis of FR252921, a potent macrocyclic immunosuppressive agent, and a six-step synthesis of vitamin A have been demonstrated. The application of a ruthenium-catalyzed step-economic and environmentally benign strategy for the highly stereo- and chemoselective construction of valuable polyene motifs of FR252921 and vitamin A highlights the syntheses. The key features for the synthesis FR252921 include preparation of the triene moiety followed by two consecutive peptide couplings of the three fragments.

A Ru-catalyzed direct oxidative coupling reaction of vinyl ketones was developed.

A divergent formal synthesis of polyhydroxylated macrocyclic lactone (+)-aspicillin and polyene bioactive natural product β-parinaric acid and the total synthesis of non-terpenoid metabolite isolaurepan have been achieved using a ruthenium-catalyzed stereo- and chemoselective oxidative coupling reaction of easily accessible vinyl ketones and acrylates. The crucial transformation involves the efficient synthesis and functionalization of stereodefined (

The present investigation was carried with aim to know the effect of integrated nutrient management on fruiting of aonla cv. Francis. The experiment was conducted in two consecutive years. The experiment comprised of ten treatments, replicated thrice with randomized block Design. The study revealed the fruit set and retention per cent for both the year was noted maximum with the use of T7, whereas T6 was found to equally good with T1. The maximum fruit size was recorded with the use of T7 during both the year which was at par with the soil application T6. The study concluded that the application of 75% RDF + 30 kg Vermicompost + 250g Azotobacter + 250g PSB produced quality fruit yield.

Several proteins contain signaling domains that can regulate the cell membrane dynamics as well as the underlying cytoskeleton. Among these, Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvs (BAR) domain-containing proteins, with their membrane deforming properties, have emerged as the key players in regulating neuronal morphology and inducing neuronal signaling that can modulate synaptic architecture. While the biochemical and structural basis of membrane deformation by the BAR-domain proteins has been extensively studied, the in vivo contexts in which these proteins function remain to be elucidated. Despite the discovery of BAR-domain proteins over 25 years ago, most of the studies have primarily focused on understanding the structural and biochemical properties and cell biological processes regulated by these proteins. Understanding the functional requirements of these proteins at the level of multicellular organisms and the way these proteins regulate biological processes remains a topic of intensive study. In this review, we discuss the functional roles of BAR-domain proteins in the context of membrane dynamics and cellular signaling. We highlight recent developments describing the functional role of these proteins in neuronal morphogenesis, synaptic function, and disease.

A wide range of enones derived from d-glucal, d-galactal, l-rhamnal, d-rhamnal, and l-arabinal underwent Heck-coupling with various arylboronic acids bearing electron-donating and -withdrawing groups in the presence of palladium acetate and 1,10-phenanthroline. These reactions provided synthetically useful C-1 aryl enones in good yields. Many sensitive functional groups as well as protecting groups present in arylboronic acids and enones, respectively, remained intact under optimized conditions. The stereoselective hydrogenation of C-1 aryl enones with Pd-C/H2 provides the β-isomer of 2-deoxy-aryl-C-glycosides in excellent yield. The C-1 aryl enones were also used as precursors for the synthesis of 2-hydroxy-β-aryl-C-glycosides. Regioselective C-2 halogenations and vinylations of C-1 aryl enones were achieved in excellent yields.

Genotypic source of variations were significant for all characters in 168 genotypes including 7 checks of Indian mustard at 5% level of significance. Maximum seed yield per plant (g) and harvest index was recorded in MRNJ-82; whereas, the minimum days to 50% flowering and maturity were recorded in RVM-1 and MRNJ-5 respectively. In genotypes viz; MRNJ-36, RVM-2, MRNJ-59, JM-1, MRNJ-53 and MRNJ-35 had maximum plant height (cm), number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of siliqua per plant, number of seeds per siliqua and 1000 seed weight (g). Highest GCV and PCV were recorded for seed yield per plant which indicates for improvement through selection among these genotypes. High heritability along with high genetic advance as percentage of mean has been noticed for seed yield per plant and harvest index indicating less influence of environment and also the presence of additive, dominance and interaction among genes in the expressions of these characters. Low genetic advance along with low heritability estimate were observed for number of primary branches per plant and number of seeds per siliqua. This indicates the involvement of additive and non-additive gene actions in their inheritance.

The correlation studies conducted in thirty diverse genotypes of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). the analysis of correlation coefficient revealed that the magnitude of genotypic correlation was higher than phenotypic correlation for most of the characters and observed that the weight of ‘B’ grade tubers per hill (g), number of tubers per hill, number of ‘B’ grade tubers per hill, number of ‘C’ grade tubers per hill, weight of ‘C’ grade tubers per hill (g) and number of ‘A’ grade tubers per hill while number of ‘D’ grade tubers per hill and weight of ‘D’ grade tubers per hill (g) were significantly and positively associated with yield of tubers per hill. On the other hand, path analysis studies exhibited that the maximum positive direct effect on yield of tubers per hill was exerted by number of tubers per hill, number of ‘D’ grade tubers per hill, weight of ‘C’ grade tubers per hill (g), number of ‘B’ grade tubers per hill, number of ‘A’ grade tubers per hill, number of leaves per plant, number of eyes per tuber and plant height (cm) at genotypic level. Based upon correlation and path analysis, weight of ‘B’ grade tubers per hill (g), number of tubers per hill, number of ‘B’ grade tubers per hill, number of ‘C’ grade tubers per hill, weight of ‘C’ grade tubers per hill (g) and number of ‘A’ grade tubers per hill while number of ‘D’ grade tubers per hill and weight of ‘D’ grade tubers per hill (g) could be reliable selection parameters for improvement of potato.

Regulation of post-synaptic receptors plays an important role in determining synaptic strength and plasticity. The Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction (nmj) has been used extensively as a model to understand some of these processes. In this context, we are interested in the role of Drosophila Monensin sensitivity protein 1 (DMon1) in regulating glutamate receptor (GluRIIA) levels at the nmj. DMon1 is an evolutionarily conserved protein which, in complex with calcium caffeine zinc sensitivity1 (CCZ1), regulates the conversion of early endosomes to late endosomes through recruitment of Rab7. C-terminal deletion mutants of Dmon1 (Dmon1Δ181) exhibit lethality. The escapers have a short life span and exhibit severe motor defects. At the nmj, these mutants show defects in synaptic morphology and a strong increase in GluRIIA levels. The mechanism by which Dmon1 regulates GluRIIA is unclear. In this study, we have characterized an EMS mutant referred to as pog 1 and demonstrate it to be an allele of Dmon1. Further, we have examined the role of rab7 in regulating GluRIIA. We show that similar to Dmon1, knock-down of rab7 using RNAi in neurons, but not muscles, leads to an increase in GluRIIA. Loss of one copy each of Dmon1 and rab7 leads to a synergistic increase in receptor expression. Further, overexpression of an activated Rab7 can rescue the GluRIIA phenotype observed in Dmon1Δ181 mutants. Together, these results highlight a neuronal role for Rab7 in GluRIIA regulation and underscore the importance of the endo-lysosomal pathway in this process.

Isatin and substituted isatin derivatives possess a broad spectrum of biological activities. These moieties also have a wide scope for substitution, particularly at positions N-1 and C-3. Therefore, the study focused at synthesizing some novel isatin/substituted isatin Schiff’s bases and screening them for anti-cancer activity against MCF-7 cell lines. All the compounds were synthesized by conventional methods in a two-step synthesis. Mannich bases of isatin were synthesized by reacting secondary amines and 37% formalin, which were then reacted with primary aromatic amines in the presence of glacial acetic acid to yield the title compounds. All the compounds were characterized by physical, chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. The synthesized analogues showed good activity against MCF-7 cell lines when compared to the standard drug, Doxorubicin. At a concentration of 10µg/ml, the analogues IDF 3B, IDF 3G, IDF 3H and IDF 3I showed percentage cell viability of 35.46227 ± 12.92, 34.37412 ± 5.39, 35.81035 ± 5.25, 36.19748 ± 3.27 respectively compared to percentage cell viability of 22.36828 ± 2.35 for the standard. The obtained data indicated that the analogues were effective against breast cancer, and therefore the isatin moiety could serve as the lead to the development of new anti-breast cancer agents.