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The current study aims to synthesize and investigate the effects of Ferulic acid-copper(II) (FA-Cu) and Ferulic acid-Zinc(II) (FA-Zn) complexes on bone formation. The initial biocompatibility test and ALP activity assay showed that the FA-Cu and FA-Zn complexes have reached the optimum concentrations of 40 μM. An in-vitro, cellular level evaluation showed that these complexes promote the ALP activity and calcium deposition in osteoblasts. At the molecular level analysis, these complexes increased the osteoblast specific markers, Runx2 and type 1 collagen mRNAs and secretory protein levels of osteocalcin (OC) and osteonectin (ON). Also, the expression of the co-activator of osteoblast differentiation, TAZ increased and the effect of these complexes decreased the co-suppressor HDAC4. We tested the bone forming effect of these complexes in (1) zebrafish embryo bone development, (2) osteoblast distribution in scale, and (3) tail fracture models. FA-Cu and FA-Zn complex exposures have enhanced bone mineralization in zebrafish embryos' development, increased osteoblast distribution in adult zebrafish scales, and reinforced bone healing by increasing ossification at the injury site. In summary, our findings have shown that FA stimulates bone formation, and the complexes of FA-Cu and FA-Zn have further improved it.

In this study, we investigated the graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets of specific interaction with metabolome in breast cancer cells. The edge-oxidized form of GO nanosheets have multiple applications in biomedical research. At present, the actual metabolic mechanisms of GO nanosheets is not yet clearly understood. Here, we describe the effects of GO exposure on MCF-7 breast cancer cells using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) profiling. We treated MCF-7 cells with different GO concentrations and examined the metabolic distributions. Interestingly, we found that the treatment affected arginine metabolism, proline metabolism, and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, including anabolism and catabolism. GO dose-dependently increased the number of metabolic disturbances in cancer steroids. Therefore, these data suggest that GO can significantly potentiate the metabolic effect in MCF-7 cells. These results demonstrate that using targeted metabolomics profiling and pattern recognition analysis display the potential metabolic changes and underlying metabolic impacts in human breast cancer cells.

Hybrid biomaterials incorporated with active ingredients and metal nanoparticles are gaining more interest owing to their increased wound healing capacity. Here, we report the preparation of hybrid collagen scaffolds stabilized with oxidized inulin and ZrO

The ineffective immunosuppressant's and targeted strategies to neutralize inflammatory mediators have worsened the scenario of heart failure and have opened many questions for debate. Stem cell therapy has proven to be a promising approach for treating heart following myocardial infarction (MI). Adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells are possible cell types and have successfully shown to regenerate damaged myocardial tissue in pre-clinical and clinical studies. Current implications of using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) owing to their immunomodulatory functions and paracrine effects could serve as an effective alternative treatment option for rejuvenating the heart post MI. The major setback associated with the use of MSCs is reduced cell retention, engraftment and decreased effectiveness. With a few reports on understanding the role of inflammation and its dual effects on the structure and function of heart, this review focuses on these missing insights and further exemplifies the role of MSCs as an alternative therapy in treating the pathological consequences in myocardial infarction (MI).